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Chapter 4.7 - Water Pumps

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Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTUH), Hyderabad

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7. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF WATER PUMPS 7.1 Introduction Pumping is the process of addition of kinetic and potential energy to a liquid for the purpose of moving it from one point to another. This energy will cause the liquid to do work such as flow through a pipe or rise to a higher level. A centrifugal pump transforms mechanical energy from a rotating impeller into a kinetic and potential energy required by the system. The most critical aspect of energy efficiency in a pumping system is matching of pumps to loads. Hence even if an efficient pump is selected, but if it is a mismatch to the system then the pump will operate at very poor efficiencies. In addition efficiency drop can also be expected over time due to deposits in the impellers. Performance assessment of pumps would reveal the existing operating efficiencies in order to take corrective action. 7.2 Purpose of the Performance Test Determination of the pump efficiency during the operating condition Determination of system resistance and the operating duty point of the pump and compare the same with design. 7.3 Performance Terms and Definitions Pump Capacity, Q = Volume of liquid delivered by pump per unit time,m3/hr or m3/sec Q is proportional to N, where N- rotational speed of the pump Total developed head, H= The difference of discharge and suction pressure The pump head represents the net work done on unit weights of a liquid in passing from inlet of the pump to the discharge of the pump. There are three heads in common use in pumps namely (i) Static head (ii) Velocity head (iii) Friction head. The frictional head in a system of pipes, valves and fittings varies as a function (roughly as the square) of the capacity flow through the system. System resistance: The sum of frictional head in resistance & total static head. . Bureau of Energy Efficiency 99

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