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Chapter 4.5 - Electric Motors and Variable Speed Drives

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5. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF MOTORS / VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES 5.1 Introduction The two parameters of importance in a motor are efficiency and power factor. The efficiencies of induction motors remain almost constant between 50% to 100% loading (Refer figure 5.1). With motors designed to perform this function efficiently; the opportunity for savings with motors rests primarily in their selection and use. When a motor has a higher rating than that required by the equipment, motor operates at part load. In this state, the efficiency of the motor is reduced. Replacement of under loaded motors with smaller motors will allow a fully loaded smaller motor to operate at a higher efficiency. This arrangement is generally most economical for larger motors, and only when they are operating at less than one-third to one-half capacity, depending on their size. Figure 5.1 Efficiency vs. Loading 5.2 Performance Terms and Definitions Efficiency : The efficiency of the motor is given by = P loss P out = 1 P in P in Where Pout Output power of the motor Pin Input power of the motor PLoss Losses occurring in motor Motor Loading : Motor Loading % = Bureau of Energy Efficiency Actual operating load of the motor x 100 Rated capacity of the motor 74

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