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Class 10 ISCE Notes 2017 : History and Civics

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11. Partition of India I. Cabinet mission plan a) Reason for sending it: In order to facilitate the transfer of powers three cabinet ranking ministers namely 1. Sir Stafford Cripps 2. Pathe Laurence 3. AV Alexander were sent to India. b) Causes for sending it 1. USA And Russia were in favour of India's demand for freedom. 2. The economy of British were shattered and it would take years rehabilitate. 3. The labour party which came to power supported the Congress demand for independence 4. They were strikes demonstrating deep feelings of people against the British during the trial of INA soldier's. 5. communal passion is high after winter elections in 1946. c) Proposal 1. India would be a federation of British provinces and princely states. 2. The Federal Government would deal with defence, foreign affairs and communication. 3. British provinces would be divided into 3 groups namely: Group A: United Province, Bihar, Orissa, Madras and Bombay. Group B: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and NWFP Group C: Bengal and Assam 4. A constituent assembly would be set up to draft the constitution of India. 5. An interlinked government would be set up comprising of 14 members. 6. A treaty would be signed between constituent assembly and the British regarding the transfer of powers . d) Reasons for rejection of demand for Pakistan. 1. It would not solve the problem of communal minorities as Hindus are more in the areas demanded by them. 2. A small Pakistan is not viable as it would be separated by the Indian territory. 3. It would involve dislocation of communication method. 4. I would involve division of armed forces along communal lines. e) Reaction of cabinet mission plan by congress . The party accepted the long term plan but rejected the proposal for an inter linked government due to difference with the league. It accepted the framing of the constitution with the hoe of getting united India. f) League s reaction It accepted the whole plan as it demand for the formation of pakistan was fulfilled through Group B. Later it passed the resolution rejecting the proposal as it won very few seats in the constituent assembly elections. Later it again accepted the whole plan with the fear that the power may be transferred to the congress. g) Reaction of Sikh and scheduled caste. The sikhs rejected the plan as they were put at the mercy of muslims. The scheduled caste rejected the plan as only one seat reserved for them. II. Mountbatten plan 1. 2. 3. 4. The country would be divided into two dominions. British would leave India by 15th August, 1947. Bengal and Punjab would be divided. The princely states would be given an option to join India or remain independent. 5. The existing constituent assembly would draft the constitution for India and Pakistan would have another one. 6. The opinion of the people would be taken in NWFP and Assam whether they would join India or Pakistan. III. Indian Independence League ( 1st July, 1947) a) 1. 2. 3. 4. The country would be divided into two dominions. A Governor General would be appointed for each dominion. The Constituent Assemblies would serve as Central Legislature. All the treaties signed between the princely states and the British would lapse. 5. The post of viceroy would be abolished. 6. The post of secretary of state would be abolished. 7. The assets would be shared between the dominions. b) 1. Reaction Congress : Extension of British rule was harmful. A smaller united India was better than a better dis-organised country. To prevent large scale communal violence. To put an end to the unparliamentary procedure like separate electorate. 2. Muslim league: It accepted the plan as a plan propose for the creation of Pakistan.

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