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Chapter 4.8 - Compressors

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8. ENERGY PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF COMPRESSORS 8.1 Introduction The compressed air system is not only an energy intensive utility but also one of the least energy efficient. Over a period of time, both performance of compressors and compressed air system reduces drastically. The causes are many such as poor maintenance, wear and tear etc. All these lead to additional compressors installations leading to more inefficiencies. A periodic performance assessment is essential to minimize the cost of compressed air. 8.2 Purpose of the Performance Test To find out: Actual Free Air Delivery (FAD) of the compressor Isothermal power required Volumetric efficiency Specific power requirement The actual performance of the plant is to be compared with design / standard values for assessing the plant energy efficiency. 8.3 Performance Terms and Definitions Compression ratio : Absolute discharge pressure of last stage Absolute intake pressure Isothermal Power : It is the least power required to compress the air assuming isothermal conditions. Isothermal Efficiency : The ratio of Isothermal power to shaft power Volumetric efficiency : The ratio of Free air delivered to compressor swept volume Specific power requirement: The ratio of power consumption (in kW ) to the volume delivered at ambient conditions. 8.4 Field Testing 8.4.1 Measurement of Free Air Delivery (FAD) by Nozzle method Principle: If specially shaped nozzle discharge air to the atmosphere from a receiver getting its supply from a compressor, sonic flow conditions sets in at the nozzle throat Bureau of Energy Efficiency 107

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