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ISC Class XII Sample / Model Paper 2024 : Psychology

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PSYCHOLOGY CLASS XII ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Maximum Marks :70 Time Allowed: Three hours (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must Not start writing during this time). ------------------------------------Answer all questions in Section A, Section B and Section C. Section A consists of objective /very short answer questions. Section B consists of short answer questions. Section C consists of long answer questions. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in Brackets [ ]. SECTION A All questions are compulsory: Question 1 i)Define egocentrism (1) Ans: A salient feature of preoperational thought, which refers to the inability to distinguish between one s own perspective and someone else s perspective. ii)What is transference effect in psychodynamic therapy? (1) Ans: Strong positive or negative feelings toward the therapist on the part of individual undergoing psycho analysis iii)Neena wore a simple T-shirt and jeans pant on the first day to work in her new office. She noticed that all her female colleagues were in Indian ethnic clothes. Although no specific instructions were given to her, she felt a strong need to dress up like the others to avoid appearing different from the rest. Identify the type of social influence that is exhibited in the above scenario. (1) Ans: This form of social influence is known as conformity which means behaving according to the group norms. i.e. the expectations of other group members. (iv) Rishika is on a diet six days a week, she drinks water and checks her weight. She weighs 40 kgs and she calls herself obese. What is the problem with Rishika? (1) a) Bulimia Nervosa b) Anorexia Nervosa c) OCD d) Irritable Bowel Syndrome ans: b) Anorexia Nervosa v)The notion of ___________ is based on Bandura's social learning theory. (1) a) self-esteem b) self-efficacy c) self-regulation d) self-cognition Ans. Option (b) is correct. Explanation: Bandura showed that children and adults learned behaviour by observing and imitating others vi)Anjana just found a gold bracelet inside a movie theatre. Which part of her personality would urge her to deposit it at the manager s office? (1) a) id b) ego c)superego d) libido Ans: : (c) superego (vii)Which one of the following is NOT a factor of Costa McCrae Big 5 theory of personality? [1] (a) Openness to experience (b) Conscientiousness (c) Extraversion (d) Emotional stability Ans: (d) viii)Assertion and Reasoning Questions (1) A: Neither type nor trait theory can explain total personality. R: Personality is the interactive effect of individuality and environment. a) A & R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) A & R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true Ans: ( a) ix) Assertion and Reasoning Questions (1) A: Adults who are planning to buy a laptop are more convinced by a computer engineer who points out the special features of a laptop, than they would be by a school child who might give the same information. R: Attitudes will not change when the amount of information that is given about the topic is just enough. a) A & R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) A & R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true Ans: ( b) x) Name the pervasive developmental disorder that includes deficits in language, perceptual, motor development and challenges in social skills. (1) Ans: Autism xi) ________ is the tendency of the subject to agree with items/questions irrespective of their contents. a)Social desirability b) Psychopathology c) Psychoticism d) Acquiescence Ans: (d) xii)Fill in the blanks: (1x3=3) a)A psychodynamic technique in which the client describes verbally any thought, feeling or image that comes to mind even if it seems unimportant is known as ________ Ans: (free association) b) A therapy in which the underlying assumption is that people have control over their behaviour, can make choices about their lives, and are essentially responsible for solving their own problems is known as_________ Ans: Humanistic therapy. c) the ability to deal with a high density of crowded environment, such as a crowded residence is known as_____ Ans: crowding tolerance SECTION-B- 28 marks Question 2 i)Stress is a dynamic mental state and it is a disruption in homeostasis. Explain about the cognitive appraisal of stress. (4) or ii) Explain Triarchic theory of intelligence(4) Question 3 Why is the study of life span development important? Explain the Ecological systems theory. (4) Question 4 Pro environmental behaviour means to actively take steps to protect the environment from problems and to promote a healthy environment. Write in detail about any 4 steps for promoting pro-environmental behaviour(4) Question5 What is strange situation test related to the infancy stage. (4) Question 6 What are the therapeutic approaches based on principles of Operant conditioning? (4) Or Groups differ in many respects, based on the number of the members and purpose of the group formation. People may belong to different types of groups. Elaborate on the types of groups. (4) Question7 Working on a test of primary mental abilities, he came to the conclusion that certain mental operations have a primary factor in common which gives them psychological and functional unity and differentiates them from other mental operations.These mental operations constitute a group factor, so there are a number of groups of mental abilities each of which has its own primary factor. a)Identify the theory and the psychologist who proposed this theory (2) Ans: L.L.Thurstone s group factor theory. b)Write about any two factors specified in this theory (2) Question 8 Explain about any two types of bias. (4) SECTION-C Question 9 Traits are tendencies to behave in relatively consistent and distinctive ways across situations. These are the measurable aspects of Personality. The most common way to describe people is to list these traits or qualities possessed by them. Every person develops a unique set of organised tendencies called traits. Traits predispose one to act in a certain way, regardless of the situation. This means that traits should remain consistent across situations and over time, but may vary between individuals. It is presumed that individuals differ in their traits due to genetic differences. i)Discuss any two trait approaches of personality (4) Allport has identified three types of traits cardinal, central and secondary. Cardinal traits are primary and they cover all aspects of an individual s behaviour and attributes. Eysenck grouped traits into definite types. Eysenck developed a very influential model of Personality. Based on the results of factor analysis of responses on personality questionnaires he identified three dimensions of Personality: extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism. He used a technique called factor analysis ii) Discuss the differences between trait and type approaches to personality(3) Question 10 Discuss in detail about the characteristics of a good counsellor. (7) (or) Anxiety is a general feeling of fear and apprehension about possible danger. Individuals are able to adapt and cope when they experience it in moderate degree. Severe anxiety is highly maladaptive as noticed with persons diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Write in detail about any two types of anxiety disorders.(7) Question 11 The image below shows a distribution of IQ scores in the population a)What is the name of the concept represented in the graph? (1) Ans: Normal probability curve b)Define IQ. How to calculate the IQ of a person? (2) c)How do psychologists classify people on the bases of their IQ scores? (4) An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a score derived from a set of standardized tests or subtests designed to assess human intelligence. The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligence quotient. IQ is a measure of your ability to reason and solve problems. It reflects how well you did on a specific test compared to other people of your age group. The average IQ on many tests is 100, and 68% of scores lie between 85 and 115. IQ is traditionally derived by dividing an individual's mental age by his chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. For IQ to remain stable, MA must increase with CA over time. This is true until around 18 years when intellectual abilities are usually fully developed. Question 12 A person who campaigns against animal cruelty may experience discomfort when they continue to wear fur or leather products, going against their values even though they know the consequences. This discomfort often leads them to justify their actions by saying, It s just one item; it doesn t make a big difference. When a person behaves this way, he may engage in attitude -discrepant behaviour and this may sometimes produce changes in the attitudes they hold. Identify the name of the theory based on this principle.(1) Ans: Cognitive dissonance theory Who proposed this theory?(1) Ans: Leon Festinger What are the components of attitude ? (5)

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