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ICSE Class X Notes 2019 : Geography

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Smit Sakhala
Ashoka Universal School (AUS), Chandsi, Nashik
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Q. 7. MINERAL RESOURCES 1. Minerals Definition Distinguish between: Metallic & Non-Metallic Minerals Ferrous & Non-Ferrous Minerals Organic & Inorganic Minerals Mention the characteristics of Minerals. G.R.: The economic development of a country is influenced by the availability of minerals. 2. Iron Ore G.R.: Iron ore forms the backbone of modern civilisation / foundation of our basic industry. G.R.: Iron ore is well utilised in several iron and steel plants. Name four varieties of iron ore found in India. Haematite Characteristics Where found Magnetite Characteristics G.R.: Magnetite is considered to be the best quality of iron Where found Limonite Characteristics Where found Siderite Characteristic Where found Uses of Iron Ore Name the main iron ore deposit areas in India. Name the largest deposit of iron ore. From where does Bhilai, Asansol, Bokaro, Durgapur, Jamshedpur and Rourkela Iron & Steel plant get its iron ore. Who provides iron ore to Bhadravati Iron Works? Name the main Iron ore exporting ports in India. 3. Manganese Definition Uses of Manganese G.R.: Manganese is an important raw material for the iron & steel industry. Name the main buyers of Manganese. Name the areas from where manganese is mined in India. 4. Copper Definition Uses G.R.: Copper is used for making electric wires. Name the areas where copper is found in India 5. Bauxite Definition Name the ore of aluminium Uses G. R.: Aluminium is used in aircrafts. Name the areas where bauxite is found in India. Where is the largest integrated aluminium plant located and from where does it get its supply from? ********************** CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY 1. Conventional Sources Definition Characteristics Name them 2. Coal Definition What is it composed of? How does it occur? How is coal formed? Why? Name the different types of coal Anthracite Where found Characteristics Bituminous Where found Characteristics G. R.: Bituminous is used for industrial as well as for household use. G.R.: Coking coal is high grade bituminous coal. Lignite Where found Characteristics Largest lignite deposit field Peat Where found Characteristics How is it formed? G. R.: Lignite & Peat are inferior quality of coal. Oldest Coalfield Largest Coalfield Advantages Disadvantages Name the two by-products of coal Distinguish between Gondwana & Tertiary Coalfields 3. Petroleum Definition G.R.: Petroleum is called liquid gold . Name the liquid and solid form of petroleum. Where is petroleum found? Name the products of petroleum. Advantages G.R.: Petroleum has broad area for applications as a source of energy. Disadvantages 4. Oil Refineries 21 Refineries 17 in Public Sector 2 in Private Sector 2 in Joint Sector Name the first refinery in the Private sector. G.R.: Most of the refineries are located near the oilfield or near the coast. 5. Main areas of mineral oil deposits Mumbai High What do you understand by Mumbai High? Why is it so called? What is Sagar Samrat? Largest Oil field Eastern Region Oldest & Biggest Oilfield Western Region Cambay (Khambhat) 6. Natural Gas Definition How is it formed? / G.R.: Natural gas deposits mostly accompany oil deposits. Two types of Natural Gas LPG uses, advantages and disadvantages. CNG - uses, advantages and disadvantages. Where found Advantages of Natural Gas Disadvantages of Natural Gas 7. Hydel Power Definition Advantages of multi-purpose projects. G.R.: Hydel power is the most widely used form of renewable energy. Name the first hydel power plants in Asia. Advantages Disadvantages **************************** NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY 1. Non-Conventional Sources Definition Characteristics Name them 2. G.R.: These sources of energy are considered as the energy resources of the future 3. Solar Energy Definition Uses of Solar Energy G.R.: India is fortunate to receive higher amount of solar energy Advantages Disadvantages 4. Different techniques of Solar Energy and Advantages Solar Cells Solar Cooker Solar Water Heater 5. Wind Energy Definition and How is it obtained? Define Wind Farms States of India having wind farms Advantages Disadvantages 6. Tidal Energy Definition Prospective sites for exploitation of tidal energy Advantages Disadvantages 7. Geothermal Energy Definition Advantages Disadvantages Name a Geothermal Plant in India Name some geothermal provinces in India 8. Nuclear Power Definition Define nuclear fission Name two types of nuclear reactors Name some power plants in India Name the minerals used to derive nuclear energy. Name the states where found Advantages Disadvantages 9. Biogas Definition How is it produced? What do you understand by Gobar Gas Plant ? State its uses. Advantages Disadvantages MNES and its role **************************

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