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ICSE Notes 2016 : English Paper 2 (English Literature) (HVB Academy, Mumbai)

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Saurabh Hemang Morparia
HVB Academy, Mumbai

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THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Act I Scene I Original Text Modern Translation [Venice] Enter Antonio, Salerio, and Solanio. ANTONIO: In sooth, I know not why I am so sad; It wearies me; you say it wearies you; But how I caught it, found it, or came by it, What stuff 'tis made of, whereof it is born, I am to learn;(5) And such a wantwit sadness makes of me, That I have much ado to know myself. ANTONIO: Really, I don t know why I m so sad; It wearies me; you say it wearies you; But how I caught it, found it, or came by it, What it s made of, where it started, I must find out; And sadness makes me so crazy That I don t know who I am. SALERIO: SALERIO: Your mind is tossing on the Your mind is tossing on the ocean, ocean; Where your ships, with full sails There, where Like gentlemen and rich citizens on the water, your argosies, Or as if they were in a procession of the sea withportly sail, Look over the minor merchants, Like signiors and rich That bow to them, pay them respect, burghers on the flood,(10) As they fly by them with their woven wings. Or, as it were, the pageants of the sea, Do overpeer the petty traffickers, That curt'sy to them, do THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation them reverence, As they fly by them with their woven wings. SOLANIO: SOLANIO: Believe me, sir, had I such Believe me, sir, if I had such venture out there, venture forth,(15) The better part of my thoughts would The better part of my Be with my hope of their safe arrival. I d be affections would Still plucking the grass to know where the wind Be with my hopes abroad. I blows, should be still Looking over maps for ports and piers and roads; Plucking the grass, to And every object that would make me afraid of know where sits the wind; Misfortune to my ships, Peering in maps, for ports, Would make me sad without a doubt. and piers, and roads: And every object that might make me fear(20) Misfortune to my ventures, out of doubt Would make me sad. SALERIO: SALERIO: My wind, cooling my My breath, cooling my soup, broth, Would make me ill, when I thought about Would blow me to an ague, The damage a mighty wind might do at sea. when I thought I shouldn t see the time pass in the sands of an What harm a wind too hour-glass great might do at sea.(25) But I d be thinking about shallows and sandbars, I should not see the sandy And seeing my wealthy ship of war run aground, hour-glass run, Lowering her high top sails lower than her hull But I should think of To sink. Even if I went to church shallows and of flats; And saw the holy building of stone, And see my I d be thinking right away about dangerous wealthy Andrewdock'd in rocks, sand, Which, touching only my gentle vessel's side, Vailing her high-top lower Would scatter all her spices across the water, than her ribs, Spreading my silk cargo across the roaring To kiss her burial. Should I waters, go to church,(30) And, in a word, one minute worth this amount of And see the holy edifice of money, stone, And now worth nothing. If I had the mind And not bethink me To think about all this, and if I lacked the mind straight of dangerous to see rocks, That such a thing could happen, wouldn t it Which, touching but my make me sad? THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text gentle vessel's side, Would scatter all her spices on the stream, Enrobe the roaring waters with my silks,(35) And, in a word, but even now worth this, And now worth nothing? Shall I have the thought To think on this; and shall I lack the thought That such a thing, bechanc'd, would make me sad? But tell not me; I know, Antonio(40) Is sad to think upon his merchandise. Modern Translation But don t tell me; I know Antonio Is sad to think about his shipments. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: Believe me, no; I thank my Believe me, no; I thank my fortune for it, fortune for it, My cargos are not all loaded on one ship, My ventures are not in one Or going to one place, and my whole estate is not bottom trusted, Based on the fortune of this present year; Nor to one place; nor is my So, my shipments don t make me sad. whole estate Upon the fortune of this present year:(45) Therefore my merchandise makes me not sad. SALANIO: Why, then you are in love. SALANIO: ANTONIO: Fie, fie! ANTONIO: Nonsense, nonsense! SALANIO: SALANIO: Not in love neither? Then Not in love either? Then let s say you are sad let us say, you are sad, Because you are not happy; and it s easy to say Because you are not merry: that and 'twere as easy(50) Because you laugh and leap and say you are For you to laugh, and leap, happy, and say you are merry, Because you are not sad. Now, looking at both Because you are not sad. sides, Now, by two-headed Janus, Nature has made strange fellows in her time: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Nature hath fram'd strange fellows in her time: Some that will evermore peep through their eyes, And laugh, like parrots, at a bag-piper;(55) And other of such vinegar aspect, That they'll not show their teeth in way of smile, Though Nestor swear the jest be laughable. Modern Translation Some that will peep through their eyes forever, And laugh like parrots at a bag-piper, And the others of such sour disposition That they'll never smile Although a wise old man swears that the joke is funny. Here comes Bassanio, your most noble relative, Gratiano, and Lorenzo. Goodbye, We leave you now in better company. Enter Bassanio, Lorenzo, and Gratiano. Here comes Bassanio, your most noble kinsman, Gratiano, and Lorenzo: Fare you well;(60) We leave you now with better company. SALERIO: I would have stay'd till I had made you merry, If worthier friends had not prevented me. SALERIO: I d have stayed until I had made you happy, If worthier friends hadn t stopped me. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: Your worth is very dear in I appreciate your concern. my regard. I see your own business needs you, I take it, your own business And you take this opportunity to leave. calls on you,(65) And you embrace the occasion to depart. SALERIO: Good morrow, my good lords. SALERIO: Good morning, my good lords. BASSANIO: Good signiors both, when shall we laugh? say, BASSANIO: Good gentlemen, when are we getting together? Say when. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text when? You grow exceeding strange: must it be so?(70) SALERIO: We'll make our leisures to attend on yours. Modern Translation You re turning into strangers; has it come to that? SALERIO: We'll wait until you re free. Exeunt Salerio, and Solanio. LORENZO: LORENZO: My Lord Bassanio, since My Lord Bassanio, since you have found you have found Antonio, Antonio, We two will leave you; but We ll leave you; but, at dinnertime, at dinner-time, Please remember where we re meeting. I pray you have in mind where we must meet. BASSANIO: I will not fail you.(75) BASSANIO: I won t forget. GRATIANO: GRATIANO: You look not well, Signior You don t look well, Mr. Antonio; Antonio; You re thinking too much about the world; You have too much respect They lose it that buy it with a lot of worry. upon the world: Believe me, you ve changed drastically. They lose it that do buy it with much care: Believe me, you are marvellously chang'd. ANTONIO: I hold the world but as the world, Gratiano;(80) A stage, where every man must play a part, And mine a sad one. ANTONIO: I only think of the world as the world, Gratiano; A stage, where every man must play a part, And my part is a sad one. GRATIANO: GRATIANO: Let me play the fool! Let me play the fool; With mirth and laughter let Let old wrinkles come with happiness and old wrinkles come; laughter; And let my liver rather And let my liver get hot with wine rather heat with wine,(85) Than my heart turns cold with depressing groans. Than my heart cool with Why should a man who s hot-blooded mortifying groans. Sit like a statue of his grandfather, THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Why should a man whose blood is warm within Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster? Sleep when he wakes? and creep into the jaundice By being peevish? I tell thee what, Antonio, (90) I love thee, and it is my love that speaks; There are a sort of men, whose visages Do cream and mantle like a standing pond; And do a wilful stillness entertain, With purpose to be dress'd in an opinion(95) Of wisdom, gravity, profound conceit; As who should say, I am Sir Oracle, And, when I ope my lips, let no dog bark! O, my Antonio, I do know of these, That therefore only are reputed wise,(100) For saying nothing; who, I am very sure, If they should speak, would almost damn those ears Which, hearing them, would call their brothers, fools. I'll tell thee more of this another time: But fish not with this melancholy bait,(105) For this fool-gudgeon, this opinion. Come, good Lorenzo: Fare ye well, awhile: Modern Translation Sleeping when he s awake, and creeping into jaundice By being spiteful? I tell you what, Antonio You are my friend, and it s my friendship that speaks There is a kind of men whose faces Look foamy and covered like a standing pond, And who maintain a stubborn silence, So that people will think they have Wisdom, seriousness, profound ideas, Such as saying I am Sir Fortune Teller, And when I open my lips, don t let any dog bark. Oh, my Antonio, I know about these men That are only considered wise Because they say nothing; when, I am very sure, If they should speak, they would almost damn those ears Which, hearing them, would call their brothers fools. I'll tell you more about this another time. But don t fish for this foolish worthless guppy, This opinion of mine, with this depressing bait. Come, good Lorenzo. Goodbye until later; I'll end my speech after dinner. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation I'll end my exhortation after dinner. LORENZO: LORENZO: Well, we will leave you OK, we ll leave you then until dinnertime. then till dinner-time.(110) I must be one of these same dumb wise men, I must be one of these Because Gratiano never lets me speak. same dumb wise men, For Gratiano never lets me speak. GRATIANO: GRATIANO: Well, keep me company Well, keep me company for only two more years, but two years more, and Thou shalt not know the You ll never know the sound of your own voice. sound of thine own tongue. ANTONIO: Farewell: I'll grow a talker for thisgear.(115) ANTONIO: Goodbye, I'll be a better talker by dinner. GRATIANO: GRATIANO: Thanks, i' faith; for silence Thanks, really, because silence is only is only commendable commendable In a neat's tongue dried, In a cow s dried tongue, and in a girl who s not and a maid not vendible. for sale. [Gratiano and Lorenzo exit.] ANTONIO: Is that any thing now? ANTONIO: Is that anything to think about now? BASSANIO: BASSANIO: Gratiano speaks an infinite Gratiano speaks an infinite deal about nothing, deal of nothing, more more than than any man in all Venice: any man in all Venice. His reasons are like two his reasons are as two grains of wheat hidden grains(120) In two bushels of cornhusks: you can look all of wheat hid in two bushels day before you find of chaff; you shall seek all them, and when you have them, they aren t day ere you find them; and worth the search. when you have them they are not worth the search. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Well; tell me now, what lady is the same To whom you swore a secret pilgrimage,(125) That you to-day promis'd to tell me of? Modern Translation Well, tell me now about the lady, The one you swore to make a secret trip to, The one you promised to tell me about today? BASSANIO: BASSANIO: 'Tis not unknown to you, You know, Antonio, Antonio, How much I have wasted my money How much I have disabled By putting on a fancier appearance mine estate, Than my small funds could support; By something showing a I don t come to you now to ask that you more swelling port Forgive my debts, because my chief concern Than my faint means Is to make good on these great debts would grant continuance: Which my behavior, sometimes reckless (130) And wasteful, has left me broke. To you, Nor do I now make moan Antonio, to be abridg'd I owe the most, in money and in friendship, From such a noble rate; but And, from your friendship, I have a guarantee my chief care To get rid of all my plots and intentions as to Is to come fairly off from How to get clear all the debts I owe. the great debts Wherein my time, something too prodigal, Hath left me gag'd. To you, Antonio,(135) I owe the most in money and in love; And from your love I have a warranty To unburthen all my plots and purposes, How to get clear of all the debts I owe. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: I pray you, good Bassanio, Please, good Bassanio, tell me; let me know it;(140) And if it is, honorable, as you yourself still are, And, if it stand, as you Be assured that my purse, my person, yourself still do, My utmost ability can be used for your benefit. Within the eye of honour, be assur'd, My purse, my person, my THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation extremest means, Lie all unlock'd to your occasions. BASSANIO: BASSANIO: In my schooldays, when I When I was in school, when I had lost one arrow, had lost one shaft,(145) I shot another one of identical length I shot his fellow of the In an identical way, with more thoughtful care, self-same flight To find the one I lost, and by risking both, I often The self-same way, with Found both. I m telling you about this childhood more advised watch, event, To find the other forth; and Because I say next is as pure and innocent. by adventuring both I owe you a lot, and, like a willful youth, I oft found both: I urge this I have lost what I owe you, but if you will please childhood proof, Lend me money in the identical way Because what follows is That you lent me the first money, I don t doubt, pure innocence.(150) As I ll be more careful, to find both sums, I owe you much; and, like Or I ll bring your second loan back again a wilful youth, And just owe you thankfully for the first. That which I owe is lost: but if you please To shoot another arrow that self way Which you did shoot the first, I do not doubt, As I will watch the aim, or to find both,(155) Or bring your latter hazard back again, And thankfully rest debtor for the first. ANTONIO: You know me well, and herein spend but time, To wind about my love with circumstance; And, out of doubt, you do me now more wrong(160) In making question of my uttermost, Than if you had made waste of all I have. Then do but say to me what I should do, ANTONIO: You know me well, and waste time here To twist a story about my friendship with examples; And, no doubt, you insult me By questioning the limits of my friendship As if you had wasted everything I have. You only have say to me what I should do That you think I can do, And I am committed to it; so, ask me. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation That in your knowledge may by me be done, And I am prest unto it: therefore speak.(165) BASSANIO: BASSANIO: In Belmont is a lady In Belmont, there is a rich heiress richly left, And she is beautiful and, more beautiful than that And she is fair, and, fairer word, than that word, She has wonderful virtues. Sometimes, I receive Of wondrous virtues. Beautiful, silent messages from her eyes. Sometimes from her eyes Her name is Portia the poet s daughter and I did receive fair The assassin s Portia fall short by comparison. speechless messages: The wide world is not ignorant of her worth, Her name is Portia; Because the four winds blow in famous men who nothing undervalued(170) Want to marry her from every coast, and her To Cato's daughter, Brutus' golden curls Portia. Hang on her head like a golden fleece, Nor is the wide world Which makes Belmont, her home, a rich island ignorant of her worth; in a lake, For the four winds blow in And many sailors and heroes come to find her. from every coast Oh, my Antonio! If I only had the means Renowned suitors, and her To compete with one of them, sunny locks I have a mind that predicts such good luck for Hang on her temples like a me golden fleece;(175) That I will undoubtedly be a very lucky one. Which makes her seat of Belmont, Colchos' strand, And many Jasons come in quest of her. O, my Antonio! had I but the means To hold a rival place with one of them, I have a mind presages me such thrift,(180) That I should questionless be fortunate. ANTONIO: Thou know'st that all my fortunes are at sea; Neither have I money, nor commodity To raise a present sum: ANTONIO: You know that all my funds are invested in ships At sea; I don t have the money or goods To raise such a large sum; So, go out, See what my credit in Venice can do for you, Credit that shall be stretched, even to the outer THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text therefore go forth, Try what my credit can in Venice do;(185) That shall be rack'd, even to theuttermost, To furnish thee to Belmont, to fair Portia. Go, presently inquire, and so will I, Where money is; and I no question make, To have it of my trust, or for my sake.(190) Modern Translation limits, To supply you for your trip to Belmont to beautiful Portia. Go now and ask where money can be found, And I will too, and I will not object To borrowing it on my account or in my name. Exeunt. ACT 1 SCENE 2 Original Text Modern Translation [Belmont] Enter Portia with her waiting woman Nerissa. PORTIA: By my troth, Nerissa, my little body is a-weary of this great world. NERISSA: PORTIA: Honestly, Nerissa, my little body is weary of this great world. NERISSA: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text You would be, sweet madam, if your miseries were in the same abundance as your good fortunes are; and yet, for aught I see, they are as sick that surfeit with too much,(5) as they that starve with nothing. It is no mean happiness, therefore, to be seated in the mean; superfluity come s sooner by white hairs, but competency lives longer. Modern Translation You would be, sweet madam, if your miseries were as abundant as your good fortunes are; and yet, for all I see, they that are sick from over-eating are as sick as those that starve with nothing. It s not an insignificant happiness, therefore, to be well situated in regard to financial resources: having more than enough comes at some time or other to old men, but having a sufficient income lasts longer. PORTIA: Good sentences, and well pronounced. PORTIA: Good sentences, and well said. NERISSA: They would be better, if well followed.(10) NERISSA: They would be better sentences, if you followed them well. PORTIA: PORTIA: If to do were as easy as If knowing what to do were as easy as to know what were good knowing what was good to do, to chapels would have been churches, and do, chapels had been poor men's cottages would have churches, and poor been princes' palaces. It is a good prophet men's cottages that follows his own instructions; princes' palaces. It is a It s easier for me to teach twenty people THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text good divine that follows his own instructions: I can easier teach twenty what were good to be done, than be one of the twenty to follow mine own(15) teaching. The brain may devise laws for the blood; but a hot temper leaps o'er a cold decree: such a hare is madness the youth, to skip o'er the meshes of good counsel the cripple. But this reasoning is not in the fashion to choose me a husband: O me, the word choose! I may(20) neither choose whom I would, nor refuse whom I dislike; so is the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father: Is it not hard, Nerissa, that I cannot choose one, nor refuse none? NERISSA: Modern Translation what was good to do than to be one of that twenty and follow my own teaching. The brain may come up with laws to control society, but one hot temper jumps over a cold law; Madness the Youth is just such a jumper, skipping over the nets of Good Advice the Cripple. But thinking this way is not the way to choose a husband for me. Oh, me, the word choose! I cannot choose someone I like or refuse someone I dislike; so is the behavior of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father. Isn t it hard, Nerissa, that I cannot choose one or refuse none? NERISSA: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Your father was ever virtuous; and holy men at their(25) death have good inspirations; therefore, the lottery that he hath devised in these three chests, of gold, silver, and lead, (whereof who chooses his meaning chooses you,) will, no doubt, never be chosen by any rightly, but one who you shall rightly love. But what warmth is there in(30) your affection towards any of these princely suitors that are already come? Modern Translation Your father was always a holy man, and holy men have good ideas when they die; so the lottery that he has thought up in these three chests, made of gold, of silver, and of lead, by means of which whoever chooses the right chest chooses you, will, no doubt, never be chosen by the right man except the one you shall rightly love. But what warmth is there in your affections towards any of these princes that have already come to try? PORTIA: PORTIA: I pray thee, over-name Please say their names again, and, as you them; and as thou name them, I ll namest describe them; and, according to my them I will describe description, you can figure them; and according to out how I feel about them.. my description level at my affection.(35) NERISSA: First, there is the Neapolitan prince. NERISSA: First, there is the Neapolitan prince. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation PORTIA: PORTIA: Ay, that's a colt, indeed, Yes, he s a cunning fellow indeed, because for he doth nothing but he doesn t do a thing talk but talk about his horse; and he makes it a of his horse; and he great attribute to makes it a his own good qualities that he can shoe him great appropriation to himself; I am very afraid, his my lady, his mother had an affair with a own good parts that he blacksmith. can shoe him himself: I am much afraid my lady his mother played false with a smith.(40) NERISSA: Then, is there the county Palatine. NERISSA: Then there is the Count Palatine. PORITA: PORITA: He doth nothing but He doesn t do a thing but frown, as frown; as who should someone would say, If you will say, An you not have me, choose. He hears happy will not have me, tales and doesn t smile: choose; he hears merry I m afraid he will probably be the weeping tales, and smiles philosopher when he grows old, not: I fear he will prove being so full of rude sadness in his youth. I the weeping would rather be married philosopher when he to a skull with a bone in his mouth than to grows old, being so full either of of unmannerly sadness these princes. God defend me from these in his youth.(45) two! I had rather be married to a death's head with a bone in his THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation mouth, than to either of these. God defend me from these two! NERISSA: How say you by the French lord, Monsieur Le Bon? NERISSA: What do you have to say about the French lord, Monsieur Le Bon? PORTIA: PORTIA: God made him, and God made him, and so let him pass for a therefore let him pass man. In for a man.(50) truth, I know it is a sin to be a mocker, but In truth, I know it is a sin him! Why, he has a to be a mocker; but, he! horse better than the Neapolitan's, a better why, he bad habit of hath a horse better than frowning than the Count Palatine; he is the Neapolitan's; a every man in no man. If a better bad habit thrush sings, he starts dancing right away; of frowning than the he will fence with count Palatine: he is his own shadow; if I should refuse him, I every man in no would be refusing twenty man: if a throstle sing husbands. If he would only despise me, I he falls straight would forgive him, because if he a capering; he will loves me like crazy, I ll never be able to fence with his own return such love. shadow: if I should marry him I should(55) marry twenty husbands: If he would despise me I would forgive him; for if he love me to madness I shall never requite THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation him. NERISSA: NERISSA: What say you then to What do you say then about Falconbridge, Falconbridge, the young the young baron of baron England? of England?(60) PORTIA: You know I say nothing to him; for he understands not me, nor I him: he hath neither Latin, French, nor Italian; and you will come into the court, and swear that I have a poor pennyworth in the English. He is a proper man's picture; but, alas! who can converse with a dumb show? How(65) oddly he is suited! I think he bought his doublet in Italy, his round hose in France, his bonnet in Germany and his behaviour everywhere. PORTIA: You know I say nothing to him, because he doesn t understand me, and I don t understand him: He doesn t know Latin, French, or Italian, and you will come into the court and swear that I only know a penny s worth of English. He s the picture of a proper man, but alas, who can talk with someone who can t talk? How oddly he is dressed! I think he bought his shirt in Italy, his hose in France, his hat in Germany, and his behavior everywhere. NERISSA: What think you of the Scottish lord, his NERISSA: What do you think about the Scottish lord, his neighbor? THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation neighbour? PORTIA: PORTIA: That he hath a I think that he has neighborly charity in him, neighbourlycharity in because he borrowed him; for he borrowed(70) a moneybox from the Englishman, and a box of the ear of the swore he would pay him Englishman, and swore again when he was able; I think the he would Frenchman became his guarantor pay him again when he and it was sealed by another. was able: I think the Frenchman became his surety, and sealed under for another. NERISSA: How like you the young German, the Duke of Saxony's nephew?(75) NERISSA: How do you like the young German, the Duke of Saxony's nephew? PORTIA: PORTIA: Very vilely in the Very disgusting in the morning when he is morning, when he is sober, and most sober; and most disgusting in the afternoon when he is vilely in the afternoon, drunk: when he is best, he is when he is drunk: when a little worse than a man, and when he is he is best, worst, he is little he is a little worse than better than a beast. If the worst that could a man; and when he is happen happens, I hope I ll worst, he is be able to go on without him. little better than a beast: and the worst fall that ever fell, I hope I shall make shift THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation to go without him.(80) NERISSA: NERISSA: If he should offer to If he offers to choose, and chooses the choose, and choose the right chest, right you would be refusing to perform your casket, you should father's will, if you refuse to perform your refused to accept him. father's will, if you should refuse to accept him. PORTIA: Therefore, for fear of the worst, I pray thee, set a deep glass of Rhenish wine on thecontrary casket; for, if the(85) devil be within and that temptation without, I know he will choose it. I will do anything, Nerissa, ere I will be married to a sponge. PORTIA: So, for fear of the worst, please set a deep glass of Rhenish wine on the wrong chest; because if the devil were within the chest and that temptation on top of it, I know he will choose it. I will do anything, Nerissa, before I ll be married to a sponge. NERISSA: NERISSA: You need not fear, lady, You don t need to be afraid, lady, of having the having any of these any of these lords; lords: they have they have told me their intentions, which is acquainted me with indeed to go back to their homes, and to their determinations:(90) trouble you with no more which is, indeed, to suits, unless you may be won by some return to their home, other way than your father's and to command, that getting you depends on the THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text trouble you with no more suit; unless you may be won by some other sort than your father's imposition, depending on the caskets. Modern Translation chests. PORTIA: PORTIA: If I live to be as old If I live to be as old as Sibylla the witch, I ll as Sibylla I will die die as pure as as chaste as(95) Diana the goddess of purity, unless I am Diana, unless I be obtained by the letter of my father's will. obtained by the manner I am glad this batch of would-be husbands of my father's are so reasonable; because there isn t will. I am glad this one of them that I am not foolishly in love parcel of wooers are so with his very absence, and I pray God reasonable; grant them a fair departure. for there is not one among them but I dote on his very absence, and I pray God grant them a fair departure. NERISSA: NERISSA: Do you not remember, Don t you not remember, lady, in your lady, in your father's father's time, a Venetian, a time,(100) scholar and a soldier, that came here in the a Venetian, a scholar company of the Marquis and a soldier that came of Montserrat? hither in company of the Marquis of Montferrat? PORTIA: PORTIA: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Yes, yes, it was Bassanio; as I think, so was he called. Modern Translation Yes, yes, it was Bassanio, I think, or so he was called. NERISSA: NERISSA: True, madam; he, of all True, madam; he, that, of all the men that I the men that ever my have ever seen foolish(105) with my foolish eyes, was the most eyes looked upon, was deserving of a beautiful lady. the best deserving a fair lady. PORTIA: I remember him well; and I remember him worthy of thy praise. PORTIA: I remember him well, and I remember him worthy of your praise. How is it now! What s the news? Enter a Servingman. How now! what news? SERVINGMAN: SERVINGMAN: The four strangers seek The four strangers are looking for you, for you, madam, to madam, to say their goodbyes, take(110) and there is a messenger come from a fifth, their leave: and there is the Prince of a forerunner come from Morocco, who brings word the Prince, his a fifth, master, will be here the Prince of Morocco; tonight. who brings word, the prince, his master, will be here tonight. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Original Text Modern Translation PORTIA: PORTIA: If I could bid the fifth If I could welcome the fifth with as good a welcome with so good a heart as I heart can bid the other four goodbye, I would be as I can bid the other happy of his four farewell, I should arrival; if he has the condition of a saint and be glad of(115) the complexion his approach: if he have of a devil, I would rather he heard my the condition of a saint confession than marry me. and the Come, Nerissa. Servant, go ahead of me. complexion of a devil, I While we shut the gate on one would-be had rather he should husband, another knocks at the shrive me door. than wive me. Come, Nerissa. Sirrah, go before; whiles we shut the gate upon one wooer, another knocks at the door.(120) Exeunt. ACT 1 SCENE 3 Original Text [Venice] Modern Translation THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Enter Bassanio with Shylock the Jew. SHYLOCK: Three thousand ducats, well. SHYLOCK: Three thousand dollars; right? BASSANIO: BASSANIO: Ay, sir, for three months. Yes, sir, for three months. SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: For three months, well. For three months; right? BASSANIO: For the which, as I told you, Antonio shall be bound.(5) BASSANIO: For which, as I told you, Antonio shall be obligated. SHYLOCK: Antonio shall become bound, well. SHYLOCK: Antonio shall be obligated; right? BASSANIO: BASSANIO: May you stead me? Will Will you help me? Will you make me you pleasure me? Shall I happy? Can I know your know your answer? answer? SHYLOCK: Three thousand ducats, for three months, and Antonio bound.(10) SHYLOCK: Three thousand dollars, for three months, and Antonio obligated. BASSANIO: Your answer to that. BASSANIO: Your answer to that. SHYLOCK: Antonio is a good man. SHYLOCK: Antonio is a good man. BASSANIO: BASSANIO: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Have you heard any imputationto the contrary? Have you heard any suggestion to the contrary? SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: Ho! no, no, no, no; my Hey, no, no, no, no: my meaning in saying meaning in saying he is he is a good man a is to have you understand me, that he is good man, is, to have sufficiently credit-worthy, you understand me that yet his money is all tied up: he has a large he issufficient:(15) merchant ship going to Yet his means are Tripoli, another to the Indies; I understand, in supposition: he hath moreover, in the Marketplace, an argosy he has a third to Mexico, a fourth to bound to Tripolis, England, and other ventures he another to the Indies; I has wasted abroad. But ships are only understand moreover boards of wood, sailors only upon the Rialto, he hath men; there are land-rats and water rats, a third at Mexico, a land-thieves and fourth for water-thieves, I mean pirates, and then England; and other there is the peril of ventures he waters, winds, and rocks. The man is, in hath, squander'd abroad spite of all this, sufficiently . But credit worthy. Three thousand dollars - I ships are but boards, think I may take his promise to pay. sailors but men: there be land-rats and(20) water-rats, land-thieves and water-thieves; I mean, pirates; and then, there is the peril of waters, winds, and rocks. The man is, notwithstanding, sufficient; three thousand ducats; THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare I think I may take his bond. BASSANIO: BASSANIO: Be assured you may.(25) Be assured you may. SHYLOCK: I will be assured I may; and that I may be assured, I will bethink me. May I speak with Antonio? SHYLOCK: I ll be assured that I may; and, that I may be assured, I will think it over. May I speak with Antonio? BASSANIO: If it please you to dine with us. BASSANIO: If it pleases you to dine with us. SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: Yes, to smell pork; to eat Yes, to smell pork; to eat in the temple that of the habitation which your your prophet, the Nazarene, conjured the devil prophet, the Nazarite, into. I ll buy with conjured the devil into! I you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with will buy(30) you, and so with you, sell with you, following; but I ll not eat with you, drink with talk with you, walk with you, nor pray you, and with you. What s the news in the so following; but I will not Marketplace? Who s coming here? eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you. What news on the Rialto? Who is he comes here? Enter Antonio. BASSANIO: BASSANIO: THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare This is Signior Antonio. This is Mr. Antonio. (35) SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: How like a He looks like a flattering tax collector! fawning publican he I hate him because he is a Christian; looks! But more, because, in his low simplicity, I hate him for he is a He lends out money free, and brings down Christian: The rate of interest with us here in Venice. But more, for that, in low If I can catch him once at a disadvantage, simplicity, I ll feed the ancient grudge I bear him until He lends out it s fat. money gratis, and brings He hates our sacred nation; and he abuses down me, The rate of usance here Even there where merchants congregate with us in Venice.(40) most of the time, If I can catch him once Insulting me, my bargains, and my wellupon the hip, won success, I will feed fat the ancient Which he calls interest. Cursed be my tribe grudge I bear him. of Israel He hates our sacred If I forgive him! nation; and he rails, Even there where merchants most do congregate, On me, my bargains, and my well-won thrift, (45) Which he calls interest. Cursed be my tribe If I forgive him! BASSANIO: Shylock, do you hear? BASSANIO: Shylock, do you hear me? SHYLOCK: I am debating of my SHYLOCK: I am debating about my present monies, THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare present store: And, by the near guess of my memory,(50) I cannot instantly raise up the gross Of full three thousand ducats. What of that? Tubal, a wealthy Hebrew of my tribe, Will furnish me. But soft: how many months Do you desire? Rest you fair, good signior:(55) Your worship was the last man in our mouths. And, by the nearest guess, I remember that I cannot instantly raise up the whole sum Of three thousand dollars. What about that? Tubal, a wealthy Hebrew of my tribe, Will supply me. But wait! How many months Do you want? Relax, good sir; We were just talking about you. ANTONIO: Shylock, albeit I neither lend nor borrow, By taking, nor by giving of excess, Yet, to supply the ripe wants of my friend, I'll break a custom: Is he yet possess'd(60) How much you would? ANTONIO: Shylock, although I don t lend or borrow By taking or by giving excess money, Still, to supply the urgent wants of my friend, I'll break a custom. SHYLOCK: Ay, ay, three thousand ducats. SHYLOCK: Yes, yes, three thousand dollars. ANTONIO: And for three months. ANTONIO: And for three months. SHYLOCK: I had forgot; three SHYLOCK: I had forgotten; three months; you told me Does he know How much you want? THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare months. You told me so. Well then, your bond; and, let me see. but hear you:(65) Methought you said, you neither lend nor borrow, Upon advantage. ANTONIO: I do never use it. so. Well then, your promise to pay; and, let me see. But listen, I thought you said you don t lend or borrow By charging interest. ANTONIO: I never charge interest. SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: When Jacob graz'd his When Jacob grazed his uncle Laban's uncle Laban's sheep, sheep, This Jacob from our holy This Jacob was the son of our holy Abram was(70) Abraham, (As his wise mother As his wise mother said he was, wrought in his behalf) The third possessor; yes, he was the third, The third possessor; ay, he was the third. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: And what of him? did he And what about him? Did he charge take interest? interest? SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: No, not take interest; No, not charge interest; not, as you would not, as you would say, say, Directly interest: mark Directly charge interest; listen to what what Jacob did.(75) Jacob did. When Laban and himself When Laban and he agreed were compromis'd That all the lambs which were streaked That all and multicolored the eanlings which were Should be given to Jacob, the ewes, being streak'd and pied divided, Should fall, as Jacob's Were bred with the rams at the end of hire; the ewes, being autumn; rank, And just when the rams and the ewes THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare In the end of autumn turned to the rams: And when the work of generation was,(80) Between these woolly breeders, in the act, The skilful shepherd pill'd me certain wands, And, in the doing of the deed of kind, He stuck them up before thefulsome ewes; Who, then conceiving, did in eaning-time(85) Fall party-colour'd lambs, and those were Jacob's. This was a way to thrive, and he was blest; And thrift is blessing, if men steal it not. Were in the act of procreation, The skilful shepherd peeled certain sticks, And, at the moment of mating, He stuck them up before the fat ewes, Who, then conceiving, did in lambing time Gave birth to multicolored lambs, and those were Jacob's. This was a way to thrive, and he was blest; And good luck is blessing, if men don t steal it. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: This was a venture, sir, This was an enterprise, sir, that Jacob that Jacob serv'd for; worked for; A thing not in his power A thing that was not in his power to bring to to bring to pass,(90) pass, But sway'd and fashion'd But swayed and fashioned by the hand of by the hand of Heaven. heaven. Was this inserted to Are you telling me this to make interest make interest good? good? Or is your gold and silver Or is your gold and silver ewes and rams? ewes and rams? SHYLOCK: I cannot tell; I make it breed as fast: SHYLOCK: I cannot tell; I make it breed as fast as ewes and rams. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare But note me, signior.(95) But listen to me, sir. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: Mark you this, Bassanio, Pay attention, Bassanio, The devil can cite The devil can cite Scripture for his Scripture for his purpose. purpose. An evil soul producing holy witness An evil soul producing Is like a villain with a smiling cheek, holy witness A good apple rotten at the heart. Is like a villain with a Oh,, what a good outside lying has! smiling cheek; A goodly apple rotten at the heart;(100) O, what a goodly outside falsehood hath! SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: Three thousand ducats; Three thousand dollars; it s a good round 'tis a good round sum. sum. Three months from Three months from twelve; then let me see twelve, then let me see; the rate. the rate. ANTONIO: Well, Shylock, shall we be beholden to you? ANTONIO: Well, Shylock, shall we be indebted to you? SHYLOCK: Signior Antonio, many a time and oft,(105) In the Rialto you have rated me About my moneys, and my usances: Still have I borne it with a patient shrug, For sufferance is the badge of all our tribe: SHYLOCK: Mr. Antonio, many times and often In the Marketplace you have abused me About my monies and my interest rates; I still have taken it with a patient shrug, Because suffering is the badge of all our tribe; You call me misbeliever, cut-throat dog, And spat on my Jewish clothes, And all because of using of that which is my own. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare You call me, misbeliever, cut-throat dog,(110) And spet upon my Jewishgaberdine, And all for use of that which is mine own. Well then, it now appears you need my help: Go to then: you come to me, and you say, Shylock, we would have monies; you say so;(115) You, that did void your rheumupon my beard, And foot me, as you spurn a stranger cur Over your threshold; monies is your suit. What should I say to you? Should I not say, Hath a dog money? is it possible(120) A cur can lend three thousand ducats? or Shall I bend low, and in a bondman's key, With 'bated breath, and whispering humbleness, Say this, 'Fair sir, you spat on me on Wednesday last;(125) You spurn'd me such a Well then, it now appears you need my help; Come on, then; you come to me, and you say 'Shylock, we would have money. You say so: You that spit on my beard, And kick me as you spurn a strange dog On your doorstep; money is what you ask for. What should I say to you? Shouldn t I say Has a dog got money? Is it possible A dog can lend you three thousand dollars? Or Shall I bend low and, in a bondman's voice, With soft breathing and whispering humbleness, Say this: Fair sir, you spit on me on Wednesday last; You spurned me such a day; another time You called me dog; and for these courtesies I'll lend you thus much money? THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare day; another time You call'd me dog; and for these courtesies I'll lend you thus much moneys?' ANTONIO: ANTONIO: I am as like to call thee I am likely to call you so again, so again, To spit on you again, to spurn you too. To spit on thee again, to If you will lend this money, don t lend it spurn thee too.(130) As if to your friends, because when did If thou wilt lend this friendship take money, lend it not Race as pure proof of his friend s As to thy friends; (for worthiness? when did friendship take But lend it rather to your enemy, A breed for barren metal Who, if he defaults may face of hisfriend?) Exact the penalty better. But lend it rather to thine enemy; Who, if he break, thou mayst with better face(135) Exact the penalty. SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: Why, look you, how you Why, look, how you get angry! storm! I wish to be friends with you, and have I would be friends with your friendship, you, and have your love, Forget the shames that you have stained Forget the shames that me with, you have stain'd me Supply you need right now, and don t pay with, a jot Supply your present Of interest for my money, and you'll not wants, and take no hear me complain: doit(140) I offer you kindness. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare Of usance for my monies, and you'll not hear me: This is kind I offer. BASSANIO: This were kindness. BASSANIO: This was kindness? SHYLOCK: SHYLOCK: This kindness will I I will show you this kindness. show: Go with me to a notary, seal your single Go with me to a notary, promise seal me there(145) to pay me there; and, in a happy sport, Your single bond; and, in If you don t repay me on such a day, a merry sport, In such a place, such sum or sums as are If you repay me not on Expressed in the conditions, let the penalty such a day, Be an equal pound In such a place, such Of your beautiful flesh, to be cut off and sum, or sums, as are taken Express'd in the In whatever part of your body that pleases condition, let the forfeit me. Be nominated for an equal pound(150) Of your fair flesh, to be cut off and taken In what part of your body pleaseth me. ANTONIO: Content, in faith; I'll seal to such a bond, And say there is much kindness in the Jew. ANTONIO: Happily, in faith; I'll put my seal to such a promise to pay, And say there is much kindness in the Jew. BASSANIO: BASSANIO: You shall not seal to You shall not put your seal to such a such a bond for me;(155) promise to pay I'll rather dwell in my For me; I d rather live in my poverty. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare necessity. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: Why, fear not, man, I will Why, don t be afraid, man; I won t default not forfeit it; in payment; Within these two Within the next two months, that's a month months, that's a month before before This promise to pay expires, I expect to get This bond expires, I do a return expect return Of three times three of the value of this Of thrice three times the promise to pay. value of this bond.(160) SHYLOCK: O father Abram, what these Christians are, Whose own hard dealings teaches them suspect The thoughts of others! Pray you, tell me this; If he should break his day, what should I gain By the exaction of the forfeiture?(165) A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man, Is not so estimable, profitable neither, As flesh of muttons, beefs, or goats. I say, To buy his favour, I extend this friendship; If he will take it, so; if not, adieu;(170) And, for my love, I pray you wrong me not. SHYLOCK: Oh, father Abraham, what are these Christians, Whose own hard dealings teach them to suspect The thoughts of others. Please, tell me this; If he should break his promise, what should I gain By taking his forfeit? A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man, Is not so valuable, or profitable either, As flesh of mutton, beef, or goat. I say, To buy his good will, I extend this friendship; If he will take it, okay; if not, goodbye; And, for my friendship, please don t insult me. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare ANTONIO: Yes, Shylock, I will seal unto this bond. ANTONIO: Yes, Shylock, I ll put my seal to this promise to pay. SHYLOCK: Then meet me forthwith at the notary's; Give him direction for this merry bond, And I will go and purse the ducats straight;(175) See to my house, left in the fearful guard Of an unthrifty knave; and presently I will be with you. SHYLOCK: Then meet me immediately at the notary's; Give him directions for confirming this happy promise to pay, And I ll go and get the dollars right away, Check on my house, left in the care Of an unlucky rogue, and I ll be with you Soon. Exit. ANTONIO: ANTONIO: Hie thee, gentle Jew. Hurry, gentle Jew. This Hebrew will turn This Hebrew will become a Christian: he s Christian; he grows kind. getting kind. (180) BASSANIO: BASSANIO: I like not fair terms and a I don t like fair terms and a villain's mind. villain's mind. ANTONIO: Come on; in this there can be no dismay, My ships come home a month before the day. Exeunt. ANTONIO: Come on; in this transaction, there can be no fear; My ships come home a month before the due date. THE MERCHANT OF VENICE William Shakespeare

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