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ICSE Class X Sample / Model Paper 2023 : Computer Applications

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Surekha Vishwanath
Sharada Vidyalaya Public School, Bangalore

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Chapter - 1 REVISION OF CLASS - IX SYLLABUS Revision Notes In Object Oriented programming, the data and its methods are enclosed in a class. The basic concepts of OOP include Data Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism and Modularity. Java is an Object-Oriented Language. It is a language that has the Object-Oriented feature, Java supports the following fundamental concepts. Polymorphism : Ability of an object to take on many forms. Inheritance : A mechanism in which one object acquires all the properties and behaviours of parent class. Encapsulation : A process of wrapping code and data together into a single unit i.e., class. Abstraction : Process of hiding the implementation details from the user. Object : Objects have states and behaviours. Example: A dog has states - colour, name, breed as well as behaviours like - wagging the tail, barking, eating etc. An object is an instance of a class. Class : A class can be defined as a template/blueprint that describes the behaviour/state that the objects of its type support. Instance : An object is an instance of a class. Method : A method is a collection of statements that are grouped together to perform the specified task. Local variables : Variables which are defined inside methods, constructors or blocks are called local variables. The variable will be declared and initialized within the method and the variable will be destroyed when the method has completed. Instance variables : Instance variables are variables which are defined within a class but outside any method. These variables are initialized when the class is instantiated. Instance variables can be accessed inside any method, constructor or blocks of that particular class. Class variables : Class variables are variables declared within a class, outside any method, with the static keyword. Data Types in Java : Data Type NonPrimitive Primitive Boolean boolean String Numeric Character char Array Integral Integer Floating point byte float short double int long

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