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2003 Course Fuel Cell Technology

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Total No. of Questions : 12] P1013 [Total No. of Pages : 3 [3664]-291 B.E. (Chem.) FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY (409348) (2003 Course) Time : 3 Hours] [Max. Marks : 100 Instructions to the candidates: 1) Answers to the two sections should be written in separate books. 2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary. 3) Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4) Use of logarithmic tables, slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic pocket calculator and steam tables is allowed. 5) Assume suitable data, if necessary. 6) All questions are compulsory. SECTION - I Q1) a) Describe the salient features of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Draw a figure. [8] b) Draw a figure and explain the working principle of SOFC. [8] OR Q2) a) Explain the basic concepts of fuel cell. [7] b) What are the desired properties of materials used for the construction of various components of fuel cells? [9] Q3) At STP condition, Gibbs free energy for the formation of water vapor is 55.14 cal/mole. In the typical SOFC, pure methane is fed at the pressure of 3 atm. Total pressure of gases on anodic side of the fuel cell is observed to be 3.6 atm. Air is supplied at 1.3 atm. Fuel and air is supplied at the same operating temperature of 850 C. Faraday constant is 96486 J/V.mol. Calculate a) Standard open circuit potential. [9] b) Open circuit potential at the operating conditions. [9] P.T.O. OR Q4) a) In a typical SOFC, current density of 10 A/m2 is obtained when pure hydrogen is fed at the pressure of 2 atm. Inside the fuel cell, total pressure of gases on anodic side is observed to be 2.5 atm. Air is supplied at 1.5 atm. The cell is operated at 1000 C. The diffusivities of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor are 95, 70 and 55 C/s.m2 atm. Calculate concentration overpotentials across anode and cathode. [9] b) Calculate fuel utilization factor, air ratio, power output and fuel efficiency of SOFC using the given data: [9] Average current density: 10 A/m2 Fuel flow rate = 20 mole/h Active anode surface area: 0.2 m2 Air flow rate = 15 mole/h Fuel composition = hydrogen : 90% , carbon monoxide: 10% Output potential = 220 V Lower heating value of fuel = 30,000 kcal/kg. Q5) In a typical SOFC, pure oxygen is used as an oxidiser. Derive Nernst equation to calculate open circuit potential of SOFC for the following conditions: [16] a) Pure ethane as fuel and b) Methane and ethane in the proportion of 50% each. OR Q6) Calculate material balance for SOFC generating 200 kW power at 80% CHP efficiency, using hydrogen as a fuel and 50% theoretical excess air as an oxidiser. [16] SECTION - II [9] Q7) a) Explain Kr ger-Vink defect structure in solids. b) Explain the mechanism by which oxygen vacancies are generated in crystal structure. [9] OR Q8) a) Why internal steam, reforming is preferred over external steam reforming? [9] b) Explain reaction mechanism and salient features of oxidative reforming of methane. [9] [3664]-291 -2- Q9) a) Power density of tubular fuel cell is 2.2 kW/m2. Single tube has a diameter of 18 mm and active length of 1800 mm. In order to obtain 200 kW power, calculate: [8] i) total anode surface area required, ii) total number of tubes required. b) Calculate mole fraction of detects in a pure crystal at 100 and 1000 C temperature. Defect energy is 50 kJ/mole. Comment on the significance of result. [8] OR Q10) a) Explain the mechanism of charge transfer in three phase boundary (TPB). [8] b) Derive Butler-Volmer form of the charge transfer rates. [8] Q11) Explain the basic concepts involved in the design of hybrid cycle combining biomass gasification with SOFC for 200 kW power generation capacity. [16] OR Q12) a) Differentiate between planar and tubular structure of SOFC. [8] b) What are the recent advancements in the materials of anode and their advantages and disadvantages? [8] [3664]-291 -3-

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