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2003 Course Process Dynamics Simulation & Control

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Total No. of Questions : 10] P1325 [Total No. of Pages : 4 [3664]-324 B.E. (Petrochemical) PROCESS DYNAMICS SIMULATION AND CONTROL (2003 Course) Time : 3 Hours] [Max. Marks : 100 Instructions to the candidates : 1) Answers 3 questions from each section. 2) Answers to the two sections should be written on separate answer books. 3) Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4) Use of logarithmic tables, slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic pocket calculator and steam table is allowed. 5) Assume suitable data, if necessary. Q1) a) b) Q2) a) b) SECTION - I Discuss the various objectives and benefits of process control. [6] Dynamics of a system can be represented by following set of equations: dx1 = 2 x1 + 3 x 2 + 1 with x1(0) = 0 dt dx 2 = 2 x1 + x 2 + e t with x2(0) = 0 dt i) Use Laplace transforms to obtain corresponding algebraic equations. ii) Solve obtained algebraic equations using Cramer's rule. iii) Use Heaviside expansions for the roots and subsequently report the solutions in time domain. [10] What is damping factor? With help of neat diagram explain its effect on dynamic response of second order system. [4] Determine the transfer function H ( s ) for the liquid level system shown Q( s ) in the figure. Resistances R1 and R2 can be considered to be linear. Flow from tank 3 is maintained constant at a pre-set value M by means of a pump. All 3 tanks are non-interacting with each other. [8] P.T.O. c) Define : Transportation Lag, Overshoot, Response Time, Time constant. [4] Q3) a) b) What are Servo and Regulatory control problems? Derive the overall transfer function of a Feedback loop with a help of block diagram of a Regulatory problem. [8] Crude oil is being heated by saturated steam flowing through an immersed coil as shown in the figure. Derive the transfer function of this system. Comment on the order of this system and write expression for its parameters. [8] Q4) a) b) Derive the expression for transfer function of a Second order system.[8] Density of ideal gas is function of pressure and temperature and can be represented by : = M p( t ) , where symbols have their usual RT ( t ) significances. i) Derive the overall lineralized function for density ( ). ii) If M = 32, T = 500 K, p = 101.3 kPa and R = 8.314 (kPa.m3) / (kmol.K), obtain the density. iii) Calculate density of the gas at 154.2 kPa and 432 C temperature with help of derived linearized equation. [8] Q5) a) b) Derive transfer function for output to input (Fout / Fin) of the following system. Obtain the final response in time domain as well. [6] Solve the differential equation with help of Laplace Transform: d2y dy + 12.6 34.7 y = 23t where y (0) = 0 and y(0) = 2. dt 2 dt [3664] - 324 2 [6] c) Find the overall transfer function of the following system: [6] SECTION - II Q6) a) Draw Bode plots for an open-loop process, whose dynamics can be represented by : [10] 1 1 1 GOL = 100 KC 0.1s + 1 2 s + 1 s + 1 The value of Gain KC can be assumed to be 0.6. b) If all roots of characteristic equation lie on LHS of s - plane, system is considered to be stable - Elaborate and explain your views with help of some suitable example. [6] Q7) a) What are the major advantages of Routh - Hurwitz criterion for examining stability of a system? [4] b) Consider a feedback control system having the characteristic equation.[8] s3 + 2s2 + (2 + KC) s + KC =0 1 i) ii) c) Derive condition of stability for the system with help of Routh Hurwitz Criterion. If KC = 45 and 1 = 0.4, comment on stability. With help of diagram explain Gain Margin and Phase Margin. [4] Q8) a) What are different time - integral performance criteria generally used for Controller Tuning? Explain in brief. [4] b) Justify the selection of control modes of a controller for process parameters such as Temperature, Pressure, flow and Level. [4] [3664] - 324 3 c) Plot the root locus diagram for the following process: [8] Q9) a) With help of neat diagrams explain transformations of Discrete Signals to Continuous and vice - versa. Comment on applicability of these transformations. [8] b) Oil and water are to be separated based on their differences in density. Develop a Programmable Logic Control (PLC) algorithm for this industrially important process. [8] Q10)Write short notes on: [18] a) Z - transform and its applications in Process Control. b) Cascade Control strategy for shell & tube heat exchanger. c) Ziegler - Nichols Controller Settings and implementation precautions. d) Feedback - feed-forward Control strategy merits and demerits. Y [3664] - 324 4

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