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2003 Course Process Dynamics & Control

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Total No. of Questions : 12] P1441 [Total No. of Pages : 3 [3764]-321 B.E. (Chemical) PROCESS DYNAMICS & CONTROL (2003 Course) Time : 3 Hours] [Max. Marks : 100 Instructions to the candidates: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Answers to the two sections should be written on separate books. Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Use of logarithmic tables slide rule, Mollier charts, electronic pocket calculator and steam tables is allowed. Assume suitable data, if necessary. SECTION - I Q1) a) Explain the basic needs that should be satisfied by a control system.[8] b) i) ii) Develope the feedback control system for controlling the temperature of liquid inside the stirred tank, which is heated by steam passing through a steam coil immersed in the liquid. Also develope feedforward control scheme for the said purpose based on temperature of liquid entering the tank. [10] OR Q2) a) With reference to CSTR example, explain the basic elements of feedback control used to control the temperature inside the reactor by manipulating the flow rate of jacket fluid. [10] b) State applications of Laplace transform, Z-transform, state-space methods, frequency response methods of analysis for process control systems. [8] Q3) a) Derive the transfer function model of a LTI system modeled by nth order linear differential equation. Define poles and zeros of the system. How will you predict the dynamic behaviour of the process based on the nature of poles and zeros qualitatively. [8] b) A liquid tank has a uniform cross-section area of 0.2 m2 and linear output resistance of 0.1 m2/min. Water enters the tank at a steady rate of 30 lit/ min. Find P.T.O. i) ii) iii) iv) Transfer function for the tank system. Initial steady-state level of water inside the tank. The response equation for height of water inside the tank, if inlet flow rate of water is suddenly changed to a new steady value of 40 lit/min. Find the time required to accomplish 90% change in level. [8] OR Q4) a) Starting from first-order ODE model, derive the transfer function of pure capacitive process. Also derive its step response and sketch it graphically. Give physical examples of such systems. [8] b) Distinguish between interacting and non-interacting liquid tank systems. State their transfer functions and sketch step response for unit step change in input flow rate for the first tank. [8] Q5) a) Draw block diagram of feedback control system. Explain function of each block in the system. Explain servo and regulator operations. [8] b) Explain performance measures of feedback control system. [8] OR Q6) a) Derive servo and regulator transfer functions for a feedback control [8] system. Find poles and zeros of these transfer functions. b) Find the range of Kc for a feedback. Control system having characteristic equation. S4 + 4S3 + 6S2 +4S + (1 + K) = 0 Also find the value of K for which output undergoes sustained oscillations. Also find the corresponding frequency of oscillations and pair of imaginary roots of the equation. [8] SECTION - II Q7) a) Sketch root locus plot for the system having characteristic equation : S3 + 4S2 + 5S + K = 0 Show poles and zeros, break away points, asymptotes and imaginary roots clearly on the sketch. [8] b) What is frequency response of the system? Derive the expressions for AR and for a first-order system. Draw true and asymptotic Bode plot for this system. Find maximum error between peak amplituder on true and asymptotic plot. [8] OR [3764]-321 2 Q8) a) Derive frequency response of second-order system. Derive the expressions for AR & . Draw asymptotic Bode plot for the systems [8] having <1, = 1 & >1. b) Explain Ziegler-Nichols method of tuning a PID-controller. [8] Q9) a) Draw block diagram of cascade control system. Explain cascade control system for controlling temperature of exit fluid stream heated using hot liquid in counter current heat exchanger. The flow rate of hot stream is the manipulated variable which is also considered as the secondary controlled variable. [8] b) Distinguish between feedback control and feedforward control strategies. Explain feedforward control strategy for maintaining liquid level in boiler drum constant by controlling flow rate of feed water and steam achieved by manipulating flow rate of feed water. [8] OR Q10) a) Explain two different methods for controlling ratio of flow rates of wild stream A & uncontrolled stream B . [8] b) Explain override control used to protect boiler system against failure due to low water level inside the drum and high pressure of the steam produced. [8] Q11) Write short notes on the following : [18] a) Process control symbols used in P & ID. b) Batch reactor control. c) pH control. OR Q12) a) Define control system design problem. Explain the decisions to be taken during control system design. List the contents of CDF. [10] b) Explain control strategy for controlling temperature inside jacketed CSTR for i) Endothermic reaction, and ii) Exothermic reaction. The flow rate of jacket fluid is manipulated to achieve the control. [8] [3764]-321 3

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