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ICSE Class X Sample / Model Paper 2023 : Hindi

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Nikunj Sharma
Seth Juggilal Poddar Academy (SJPA), Malad East, Mumbai

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ICSE Examination-2023 Hindi (Second Language) Solved Paper Class-10th Maximum Marks: 80 Time allowed: Three hours Answer to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answer. Section A is compulsory - All questions in Section A must be answered. Attempt any four questions from Section B, answering at least one question each from the two books you have studied and any two questions from the same books you have studied. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets []. SECTION - A 40 MARKS Attempt all questions from this Section. Question-1. Write a short composition in Hindi of approximately 250 words on any one of the following topics:[15] fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fgUnh esa yxHkx 250 'kCnksa esa laf{kIr ys[k fyf[k,%& (i) ^IykfLVd eqDr Hkkjr LoPN Hkkjr* bl vfHk;ku dks li+Gy cukus gsrq ljdkj ds rFkk vius iz;klksa ij ,d izLrko fyf[k,A (ii) lekt esa QSyh leL;kvksa esa e gxkbZ rFkk tula[;k o`f} ,d xaHkhj leL;k gSA blds dkj.kksa rFkk nq"ifj.kkeksa dk mYys[k djrs gq, ;g Hkh crkb, fd ljdkj rFkk turk blls eqDr gksus ds fy, D;k&D;k iz;kl dj jgh gS\ vius fopkjksa dks izLrko ds :i esa fyf[k,A (iii) Hkkjr fofo krkvksa (Diversity) dk ns'k gS] ;gk ds izR;sd jkT; (State) dh viuh gh fo'ks"krk, gSa* fo"k; dks ;ku esa j[krs gq, fdlh ,d jkT; dh ;k=k dk o.kZu djsa rFkk ogk ds [kku&iku] jgu&lgu rFkk izkd`frd&lkSUn;Z dks Li"V djrs gq, izLrko fyf[k,A (iv) ^dksf'k'k djus okyksa dh dHkh gkj ugha gksrh* iafDr ls vkjEHk djrs gq, vius thou ls lEcfU kr ,d ekSfyd dgkuh fyf[k,A (v) uhps fn, x, fp= dks ;ku ls nsf[k, vkSj fp= dks vk kkj cukdj dksbZ ys[k] ?kVuk vFkok dgkuh fyf[k,] ftldk lh kk o Li"V laca k fp= ls gksuk pkfg,%& Question-2. Write a letter in Hindi in approximately 120 words on any one of the topics given below:- [7] 18 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ- iz'u cSad pSIVjokbl@VkWfIkdokbl fgUnh] d{kk&X fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fganh esa yxHkx 120 'kCnksa esa i= fyf[k,%& (i) bl ckj vkius vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo ,d vukFk&vkJe esa NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk euk;k] mu cPpksa ds lkFk fcrk, gq, iy rFkk [kqf'k;ksa dk o.kZu djrs gq, vius fe= dks i= fyf[k,A (ii) vkius ^,e-vkbZ* (MI) dEiuh vFkok fdlh vU; dEiuh dk eksckby ^vkWuykbZu* [kjhnk FkkA mlesa dqN [kjkch vk xbZ gS og vHkh ^xkjaVh VkbZe* esa Hkh gS mls cnyus dk vuqjks k djrs gq, ml daiuh ds izcU k dks i= fyf[k,A Question-3. Read the passage given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow, using your own words as far as possible:- x|ka'k dks ;kuiwoZd i<+dj mlds uhps fn, x, iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa nhft,A m kj ;FkklaHko vkids vius 'kCnksa esa gksus pkfg,%& clar rq dk vkxeu gks pqdk Fkk] ijarq dks;y vkSj eksj mnkl FksA taxy ds jktk us ,d tk p vk;ksx dk xBu djok;k ftldk izeq[k dkSok cuk;k x;kA tk p }kjk irk pyk fd dks;y vkSj eksj ,d gh ?kj dh eqaMsj ij cSBs Fks fd rHkh mudh ut+j ?kj ij py jgs Vsyhfot+u ij iM+h] ftl ij u`R; dk dk;Z e fn[kk;k tk jgk FkkA nksuksa gh cM+s pko ls dk;Z e ns[kus yxsA u`R;kaxuk eksj ia[k igudj ukp jgh Fkh] xkf;dk e kqj Loj esa xk jgh FkhA dk;Z e dh lekfIr ij nksuksa dks lEekfur fd;k x;kA ;g dk;Z e ns[kdj nksuksa mnkl gks x,A os lkspus yxs fd ge fnu jkr e kqj ok.kh vkSj eueksgd vnkvksa ls lcdk eu cgykrs gSa] ij gekjh iz'kalk esa fdlh us dqN ugha dgkA dkSos dks tc bu ckrksa dk irk pyk rks mlus nksuksa dks le>k;k fd if{k;ksa esa lcls vf kd fujknj dh Hkkouk ls eq>s ns[kk tkrk gSA esjs lkjs xq.kksa dks rkd ij j[k fn;k tkrk gSA ge vklikl ls xanxh+ lki+G dj nsrs gSaA ge vU; if{k;ksa dh rjg >xM+rs ugha gSaA gekjs tSlk HkkbZpkjk rks euq";ksa esa Hkh ugha gksrkA tc gekjk lkFkh ej tkrk gS rks ge lHkh ,d= gksdj dk o&dk o dj viuk nq%[k izdV djrs gSaA ge fe=ksa vkSj esgekuksa ds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsrs gSaA yksx gekjh dnz ugha djrsA xhrk ds mins'k dh rjg ge vius dk;Z dks djrs gSa] Qy dh bPNk ugha djrsA D;k rqe vkt rd iz'kalk vkSj iqjLdkj ds fy, xkrs vkSj ukprs jgsA bl i;kZoj.k dks [kq'k j[kus esa D;k rqEgkjh lcls vge Hkwfedk ugha gS\ dkSos dh ckrsa mu nksuksa dh le> esa vk xbZaA mlh le; taxy esa dkys ckny Nk x,A dks;y vkSj eksj >we&>we dj ukpus vkSj xkus yxsA lkjs taxy esa [kq'kh dh ygj nkSM+ xbZA muds lkFk&lkFk lHkh i'kq&i{kh] isM+&ikS ks >weus] xkus vkSj pgpgkus yxsA eksj ukprk jgk] mlds vk lw cgrs jgsA dkSos us dgk] Hkxoku d`".k rqEgkjs ia[k vius flj ij yxkrs gSaA D;k blls Hkh c<+dj rqEgkjk iqjLdkj gks ldrk gS\ blh Hkko ls dks;y dks Hkh le>k;k fd rqe gh rks clar ds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsrh gksA vkeksa dh cgkj vkus dh [kqf'k;k nsrh gksA ;g lc lqu dj nksuksa dh vk [kksa esa [kq'kh ds vk lw FksA (i) eksj vkSj dks;y D;ksa mnkl Fks\ [2] (ii) taxy ds jktk us mudh mnklh dk irk yxkus ds fy, D;k fd;k\ [2] (iii) dkSos us viuk mnkgj.k D;k dg dj fn;k\ [2] (iv) dkSos dh ckrksa dk nksuksa ij D;k izHkko iM+k\ [2] (v) mUgsa vius&vius iqjLdkj fdl :i esa izkIr gq, Fks\ [2] fuEufyf[kr Question-4. Answer the following according to the instructions given below:- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds m kj funsZ'kkuqlkj fyf[k,%& [8] (i) ^vkfn* dk foykse % (a) vkjEHk (b) bR;kfn (c) vUr (d) Jh x.ks'k (ii) ^vfXu* dk i;kZ;okph% (a) vuy & vfuy (b) oklj & ikou (c) ikod & vuy (d) iou & ikgquk (iii) ^ehBk* dh Hkkookpd laKk% (a) feBkbZ (b) phuh (c) fefJr (d) feBkl (iv) ^Je* dk fo'ks"k.k% (a) Jfed (b) vkJfed (c) Jee; (d) Je.k gy iz'u&i= 2023 (v) ^'kksl.k* dk 'kq (a) lks'k.k :i% 19 (b) lks"k.k (c) 'kks"k.k (d) "kksl.k (vi) ^ikiM+ csyuk* eqgkojs dk vFkZ% (a) dke djuk (b) la?k"kZ djuk (c) fuf'pUr gksuk (d) yfTtr gksuk (vii) funsZ'kkuqlkj mfpr okD;% fuxqZ.k HkfDr ds vuqlkj bZ'oj dk dksbZ vkdkj ugha gSA (js[kkafdr okD;ka'k gsrq ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx dhft,A) (a) fuxqZ.k HkfDr ds vuqlkj bZ'oj lkdkj gSA (b) fuxqZ.k HkfDr ds vuqlkj bZ'oj fujkdkj gSA (c) fuxqZ.k HkfDr ds vuqlkj bZ'oj vksadkj gaA (d) fuxqZ.k HkfDr ds vuqlkj bZ'oj fufoZdkj gSA (viii) funsZ'kkuqlkj mfpr okD;% gesa rSjuk ugha vkrk (gesa ds LFkku ij ^ge* dk iz;ksx dhft,) (a) ge rSjuk ugha ldrk A (b) ge rSj ugha ldrsA (c) ge rSjuk ugha tkursA (d) ge rSj ugha ikrsA SECTION - B 40 MARKS Questions from only two of the following textbooks are to be answered. Attempt four questions from this Section. You must answer at least one question from each of the two books you have studied and any two other questions from the same books that you have chosen. lkfgR;+ lkxj % laf{kIr dgkfu;k (SAHITYA SAGAR : SHORT STORIES) Question 5. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follows : fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& eg o ewfrZ ds jax :i ;k dn dk ugha] ml Hkkouk dk gS ojuk rks ns'kHkfDr Hkh vktdy et+kd dh pht+ gksrh tk jgh gSA nwljh ckj tc gkynkj lkgc m kj ls xqt+js rks mUgsa ewfrZ esa dqN varj fn[kkbZ fn;kA ;ku ls ns[kk rks ik;k fd p'ek nwljk gSA usrkth dk p'ek % Lo;a izdk'k Netaji Ka Chashma : Swayam Prakash [2] (i) ;gk fdl ewfrZ dh ckr dh tk jgh gS\ og ewfrZ dgk fLFkr Fkh\ igyh ckj gkynkj lkgc us ewfrZ ij dSlk p'ek ns[kk Fkk\ nwljh ckj mUgsa p'es esa D;k ifjorZu fn[kkbZ fn;k Fkk\ [2] (iii) ^dkSrqd* dk vFkZ fy[kdj crkb, fd gkynkj lkgc dk dkSrqd D;ksa c<+us yxk\ mUgksaus fdl O;fDr ls D;k iz'u fd;k vkSj D;ksa \ [3] (iv) ewfrZdkj dk uke crkb,A gkynkj lkgc ds vuqlkj ewfrZdkj }kjk ewfrZ ij iRFkj dk p'ek u cuk ikus ds D;k&D;k dkj.k gks ldrs Fks \ [3] (ii) Question 6. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& ^^Hkkjr ds fHkUu&fHkUu izns'kksa esa NksVk&eksVk O;olk;] ukSdjh vkSj isV ikyus dh lqfo kkvksa dks [kkstrk gqvk tc rqEgkjs ?kj vk;k] rks eq>s fo'okl gqvk fd eSaus ?kj ik;kA** lansg % Jh t;'kadj izlkn (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Sandeh : Shri Jayshankar Prasad [2] ^eSa* 'kCn dk iz;ksx fdlds fy, fd;k x;k gS\ ;gk oDrk fdlds ?kj dh ckr dj jgk gS\ oDrk ?kj fdls le>rk Fkk vkSj D;ksa\ oDrk vius thou dh lPpkbZ crkrs gq, D;k&D;k dgrk gS\ izLrqr ikB ds 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk Li"V dhft,A [2] [3] [3] 20 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ- iz'u cSad pSIVjokbl@VkWfIkdokbl fgUnh] d{kk&X Question 7. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow :- fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ksa iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& T;ksa&T;ksa pquko lehi vkrk] HksM+ksa dk mYykl c<+rk tkrkA T;ksa&T;ksa pquko lehi vkrk] HksfM+;ksa dk fny cSBrk tkrkA HksM+sa vkSj HksfM+, % Jh gfj'kadj ijlkbZ Bhedein or Bhediya : Shri Harishankar Parsai (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) pquko dgk gksus okyk Fkk vkSj D;ksa\ [2] HksM+ksa ds mYyflr gksus dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\ D;k mudk mYykl fpj LFkk;h jgk\ [2] ^fny cSBuk* eqgkojs dk vFkZ fyf[k,A HksfM+;ksa dk fny cSBus dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\ D;k mudk fny cSBuk mfpr Fkk\ [3] ^HksM+sa vkSj HksfM+,* dgkuh orZeku iztkrkaf=d pquko iz.kkyh dk lPpk Lo:i izLrqr djrh gS& dSls\ ikB ds mnkgj.k ls dFku dks Li"V dhft,A [3] lkfgR; lkxj % i| Hkkx (SAHITYA SAGAR : POEMS) Question 8. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow :- fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& tUes tgk Fks j?kqifr] tUeh tgk Fkh lhrkA Jh d`".k us lqukbZ] oa'kh] iquhr xhrkAA xkSre us tUe ysdj] ftldk lq;'k c<+k;kA tx dks n;k fn[kkbZ] tx dks nh;k fn[kk;kA og ;q Hkwfe esjh] og cq Hkwfe esjhA og tUeHkwfe esjh] og ekr`Hkwfe esjhAA og tUeHkwfe esjh % Jh lksguyky f}osnh Vah Janmbhoomi Meri : Shri Sohanlal Dwivedi (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) j?kqifr dkSu Fks\ mudk tUe fdl ;qx esa gqvk Fkk\ [2] xhrk esa D;k mins'k fn;k x;k gS\ ;g mins'k fdlus fn;k Fkk\ [2] ^xkSre* dk ifjp; nsrs gq, crkb, fd mUgksaus lalkj dks D;k lUns'k fn;k Fkk rFkk ekr`Hkwfe ds ;'k dks fdl izdkj ls c<+k;k Fkk\ [3] izLrqr dfork esa dfo us bl ns'k dh kjrh dks iq.; Hkwfe rFkk keZHkwfe dh laKk D;ksa nh gS] bldks Li"V djrs gq, dfork esa fufgr ns'k dh eq[; fo'ks"krk, Hkh fyf[k,A [3] Question 9. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follows : fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& [khtr tkr] ek[ku [kkrA v#.k ykspu] HkkSag VsM+h] ckj&ckj tEgkrAA dcgq #u>qu pyr ?kqVqju] kwj& kwlj xkrA dcgq >qd ds vyd [ksapr] uSu ty Hkj ykrA dcgq rqrjs cksy cksyr] dcgq cksyr rkrA ^lwj* gfj dh fujf[k lksHkk] fufe[k rtr u ekrAA lwj ds in % lwjnkl Sur Ke Pad : Surdas (i) izLrqr in esa lwjnklth us d`".k ds fdl :i dk fp=.k fd;k gS rFkk d`".k dh >YykgV dk D;k dkj.k gS\ d`".k >YykgV esa D;k&D;k dj jgs gSa\ (iii) lwj dh HkfDr&Hkkouk crkrs gq, mudk laf{kIr ifjp; fyf[k,A (iv) in ds vk kkj ij fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds vFkZ fyf[k,%& ykspu] kwy& kwlj] xkr] fujf[k] rtr] ?kqVqjuA (ii) [2] [2] [3] [3] gy iz'u&i= 2023 21 Question 10. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& lkFk nks cPps Hkh gSa lnk gkFk QSyk,] ck , ls os eyrs gq, isV dks pyrs vkSj nkfguk n;k n`f"V ikus dh vksj c<+k,A Hkw[k ls lw[k vksaB tc tkrs] nkrk&HkkX;] fo kkrk ls D;k ikrs\ ?kw V vk lqvksa ds ih dj jg tkrsA fHk{kqd % lw;Zdkar f=ikBh fujkyk Bhikshuk : Suryakant Tripathi Nirala (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) fHk{kqd ds lkFk dkSu&dkSu gSa vkSj mudh gkyr dSlh gS\ [2] ^n;k n`f"V* dk D;k vFkZ gS\ mUgsa bldh vko';drk D;ksa gS\ [2] fHk{kqd dks ns[kdj dfo dks egkHkkjr dk dkSu&lk ik= ;kn vkrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ [3] ^?kw V vk lqvksa ds ih dj jg tkrs& bl iafDr dk Hkko Li"V djrs gq, fyf[k, fd ykpkj vkSj t:jreanksa ds fy, eu esa izse vkSj laosnuk gksuk D;ksa vko';d gS\ [3] u;k jkLrk % lq"kek vxzoky (NAYA RASTA : SUSHMA AGARWAL) Question 11. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& mlds n; esa rwi+Gku mBrk fd og ,d yM+dh t:j gS] ijUrq mlds vUnj fgEer rFkk lkgl gSA ehuw vHkh viuh i<+kbZ esa rYyhu Fkh fd vpkud mls [;ky vk;k fd ijlksa mls uhfyek dh 'kknh esa tkuk gSA (i) ehuw cpiu ls i<+kbZ esa dSlh Fkh\ vHkh og dkSu&lh i<+kbZ dj jgh Fkh\ [2] (ii) ehuw us uhfyek dh 'kknh esa fdrus fnu igys tkus dk fu'p; fd;k\ rFkk fookgksiy{; esa mls HksaV nsus ds fy, ehuw us D;k [kjhnk\ [2] (iii) uhfyek dkSu Fkh\ mldh 'kknh dgk gks jgh Fkh\ ehuw ds iwNus ij mlus vius gksus okys ifr ds ckjs esa D;k&D;k crk;k\ [3] (iv) uhfyek ds fookg esa ehuw }kjk xk, x, e kqj xhr dh iz'kalk djus okyk uo;qod dkSu Fkk\ mlds eq g ls viuh iz'kalk lqudj ehuw izlUu D;ksa ugha gqbZ\ [3] Question 12. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& oSls gekjs ;gk 'kknh ds ckn rks nkor gksrh ugha gSa igys gh e<+s ij lc fcjknjh okyksa vkSj tku&igpku okyksa dks [kkuk f[kyk nsrs gSaA (i) oDrk dkSu gS\ muds ;gk fdldh 'kknh dh D;k&D;k rS;kfj;k py jgh gSa\ [2] (ii) miU;kl esa ^cM+s ?kj dh csVh* dgdj fdls lacksf kr fd;k x;k gS\ mldk laf{kIr ifjp; nhft,A [2] (iii) kuhey us viuh csVh ds fookg esa ngst nsus ds fy, ek;kjke th ds le{k D;k izLrko j[kk\ ek;kjke th dks mudh fdl ckr ij ks k vk x;k vkSj D;ksa\ [3] (iv) ^u;k jkLrk* miU;kl esa ysf[kdk us fdl lkekftd dqizFkk ij izdk'k Mkyk gS\ vkids vuqlkj bls jksdus esa eg oiw.kZ Hkwfedk fdldh gks ldrh gS\ mnkgj.k lfgr crkb,A [3] Question 13. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& ^^,d ?k.Vs dk le; dgk O;rhr djs] mldh dqN le> esa ugha vk jgk FkkA rHkh mlus ,d if=dk [kjhnh vkSj ikl esa iM+h ,d csap ij cSBdj i<+us yxhA gj nl feuV ds ckn mldh ut+j ?kM+h ij pyh tkrhA ,d&,d iy dkVuk dfBu gks jgk FkkA** (i) ;gk dkSu dgk bart+kj dj jgk gS\ [2] (ii) mls ;g le; cgqr yEck D;ksa yx jgk gS\ [2] 22 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ- iz'u cSad pSIVjokbl@VkWfIkdokbl fgUnh] d{kk&X (iii) (iv) [3] bl bart+kj dk okLrfod m s'; D;k gS\ Li"V djsaA ^^izLrqr miU;kl ds 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk fl djsaA** [3] ,dkadh lap; EKANKI SANCHAY Question -14. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow :- fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& ^^esjh csVh igyk lkou ;gk fcrk,xh] rqEgkjh cgu ds lius dHkh iwjs ugha gksaxs vkSj mlds liuksa ds [kwu dk nkx rqEgkjs gkFkksa vkSj rqEgkjh ek ds vk py ij gksxkA** cgw dh fonk % fouksn jLrksxh (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Bahu Ki Vida : Vinod Rastogi [2] izLrqr dFku ds oDrk vkSj Jksrk dkSu gSa\ oDrk dh ekufldrk crkb,A ;gk cgu ds fdl lius dh ckr gks jgh gS\ D;k og okLro esa liuk gksrk gS\ [2] oDrk us cgu ds lius iwjs u gks ikus dk ft+Eesnkj fdUgsa Bgjk;k vkSj D;ksa] D;k ogh blds ft+Eesnkj gSa\ vkids n`f"Vdks.k ls D;k oDrk dk O;ogkj mfpr Fkk\ rdZ lfgr mRrj nhft,A [3] bl ,dkadh esa lekt dh fdl ToyUr leL;k dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k x;k gS\ bl leL;k ls lekt esa D;k fLFkfr mRiUu gks jgh gS\ ,dkadh dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, Li"V dhft,A [3] Question 15. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow : fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& ^^rqe dqN xk jgh Fkha\ rqe laiw.kZ jktLFkku dks ,drk dh k`a[kyk esa ck kdj ns'k dh Lok khurk ds fy, dqN djus dk vkns'k ns jgh FkhaA fdarq eSa rks bl k`a[kyk dks rksM+us tk jgk gw A nksuksa tkfr;ksa esa tkuh&nq'euh iSnk djus tk jgk gw A** ekr`Hkwfe dk eku % gfjd`".k ^izseh* (i) (ii) (iii) Maatr Bhumi Ka Maan : Hari Krishan 'Premi' ek ;e ls D;k dguk pkg jgh gS\ [2] izLrqr dFku dk oDrk dkSu gS\ Jksrk oDrk dks vius xhr ds oDrk ml k`a[kyk dks rksM+us ds fy, bPNqd D;ksa gS\ [2] ;gk fdu nks tkfr;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS\ mudh fo'ks"krk, fyf[k,A [3] izLrqr ,dkadh ds fdl ik= us vkidks lcls vf kd izHkkfor fd;k\ uke fy[krs gq, ,dkadh dk m s'; fyf[k,A [3] (iv) Question 16. Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follows :- fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k, %& ^^:B x, dq oj! :Bus ls jktoa'k ugha pyrsA tkvks foJke djksA ns[kks] rqEgkjs diM+ksa ij kwy Nk jgh gSA fnuHkj ryokj ls [ksyrs jgs] Fkd x, gksxsA tkvks] 'kS;k ij lks tkvksA eSa rqEgkjh ryokj vyx j[k nw xhA** nhinku % MkW- jkedqekj oekZ Deepdaan : Dr. Ramkumar Verma (i) ^dq oj* dk iz;ksx fdlds fy, fd;k x;k gS\ muds :Bus dk dkj.k crkb,A [2] (ii) mn; flag dk ;ku mRlo ls gVkus ds fy, oDrk us mls eukrs gq,] cgykrs gq, D;k dgk\ [2] (iii) oDrk dk ifjp; nsrs gq, mldh nks pkfjf=d fo'ks"krk, fyf[k,A [3] (iv) oDrk dq oj dks nhinku dk mRlo ns[kus ls D;ksa jksduk pkgrh Fkh\ ,dkadh ds vUr esa mlus ns'kHkfDr rFkk jktHkfDr fdl izdkj ls fn[kkbZ Fkh\ [3] gy iz'u&i= 2023 23 ANSWERS SECTION - A 1. IykfLVd eqDr Hkkjr LoPN Hkkjr (i) vkt ds le; esa vf kdrj IykfLVd dk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA [kkus dh phtsa+ Hkh IykfLVd ds fMCcksa esa iSd gksdj miyC k gksrh gSa tks LokLF; dh n`f"V ls vR;Ur gkfudkjd gSaA tc Hkh ge ckt+kj tkrs gSa rks IykfLVd dh ikSfyfFku dk mi;ksx [kk| oLrq] lCt+h bR;kfn dks j[kus ds fy, djrs gSaA vkt ds le; esa ns'k dks IykfLVd eqDr cukus ds fy, dbZ iz;kl fd, tk jgs gSaA bldh loZizFke 'kq:vkr 2 vDVwcj 2019 dks dsUnz ljdkj }kjk dh xbZ FkhA Hkkjr dks IykfLVd eqDr djus dk ladYi IykfLVd dk mi;ksx de&ls&de fd;k tkuk t+:jh gSA IykfLVd ds cSx ds LFkku ij dkxt+ ds cSx dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg,A IykfLVd dh IysV ds LFkku ij fe h ;k rkEcs ds crZuksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A rkEcs ds crZu gekjs LokLF; dks uqdlku ugha igq pkrs gSaA IykfLVd dks b kj&m kj ugha Qsaduk pkfg, D;ksafd ;s ufn;ksa ds ek ;e ls leqnz esa pyh tkrh gSa ftlls ty esa jgus okys leLr izkf.k;ksa dks uqdlku igq prk gSA cksry esa iSd ikuh dk de&ls&de iz;ksx djsaA IykfLVd ukWu ck;ksfMxzsMscy gSA blds dkj.k i;kZoj.k dks dki+G+h uqdlku igq prk gSA (ii) e gxkbZ rFkk tula[;k o`f ,d xEHkhj leL;k gS c<+rh gqbZ e gxkbZ rFkk tula[;k o`f Hkkjr ds le{k ,d xgu leL;k ds :i esa mHkj dj lkeus izLrqr gqbZ gSA blus thou;kiu dks vR;Ur nq:g dj fn;k gS rFkk blls thou 'kSyh Hkh vf kd izHkkfor gqbZ gSA vkt Hkh Hkkjr dh 60% tula[;k xjhch dh lhek js[kk ls uhps thou;kiu djrh gSA vkt fons'kh iw th vkSj rduhdh us Hkkjr esa fons'kh cgqm s'kh; dEifu;ksa dk lkezkT; LFkkfir dj fn;k gSA Hkkjr dk dqVhj&m|ksx vkSj y?kq m|ksx lekIr gks jgk gSA tula[;k o`f ds dkj.k dke esa foosd dh deh fookg ,oa lUrku izkfIr dh vfuok;Zrk xjhch rFkk fuEu thou Lrj tula[;k o`f dks jksdus ds mik; f'k{kk dk izlkj fookg dh vk;q esa o`f tula[;k fu;U=.k dkuwu e gxkbZ ds dkj.k mRiknksa dh de vkiwfrZ gksuk oLrqvksa vkSj mRiknksa dh dkykckt+kjh djuk e gxkbZ dks de djus ds fy, mi;ksxh jk"V uhfr dh t+:jr gSA tSls&tSls tula[;k c<+ jgh gS ml rjhds ls e gxkbZ dks jksduk cgqr gh t+:jh gSA e gxkbZ dks ctV cukdj de djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk ldrk gSA 2019 dk tula[;k fu;U=.k dkuwu dgrk gS fd izR;sd diy (;qxy) ds ikl nks cPps gksaxs] mlls vf kd lUrku ugha gksxh ysfdu 2022 esa bls okil ys fy;k x;k FkkA (iii) Hkkjr fofo krkvksa dk ns'k gS DsGjy dks psjye uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk FkkA bl jkT; dh jkt kkuh fr:oariqje gS rFkk ;g bl jkT; dk cgqr lqUnj 'kgj Hkh gSA eSa xfeZ;ksa dh Nqf ;ksa esa vius firk th ds lkFk dsjy x;k FkkA ;g jkT; izkd`frd jE; LFkyksa esa ls ,d gS rFkk i;ZVdksa ds fy, lnSo vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz jgk gSA ekykckj {ks= elkyksa ds lkFk&lkFk vkS"kf k;ksa dk Hkh Hk.Mkj jgk gSA ns'k dk lcls cM+k vkS"kf k dsUnz Hkh ;gha gSaA nqfu;kHkj ds yksx vk;qosZn dk bykt djkus ds fy, bl LFkku ij vkrs gSaA ;gk leqnz ds fdukjs fLFkr csdy QksVZ fo'ks"k vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz gSA ;gk fdys ds pkjksa vksj ukfj;y ds isM+ gSa tks bldh 'kksHkk c<+krs gSa rFkk ;gk NksVs&NksVs ty}hiksa esa fLFkr fdys dks ns[kdj izR;sd O;fDr dk eu [kq'k gks tkrk gSA bl jkT; dk eq[; R;ksgkj vks.ke gSA bls fFk:oksue Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ey;kye ekg DsG fpaxkse eghus dks fo'ks"k :i ls ekuk tkrk gSA bl fnu ?kjksa dks Qwyksa ls ltk;k tkrk gSA efUnjksa esa Hkh cM+s&cM+s ikaMky ltk, tkrs gSaA ukSdk nkSM+ izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSA dsjy okfl;ksa dk izeq[k Hkkstu&pkoy gSA ey;kyh lkx&lfCt+;k ] eNyh] ek l] v.Mk bR;kfn ls cuh lfCt+;ksa ls feykdj pkoy [kkuk ilUn djrs gS vr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd eq>s DsGjy jkT; vf kd fiz; yxkA 24 (iv) vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ- iz'u cSad pSIVjokbl@VkWfIkdokbl fgUnh] d{kk&X dksf'k'k djus okyksa dh dHkh gkj ugha gksrh esjs iM+ksl esa ,d jkgqy uke dk yM+dk jgrk FkkA og m ke ;wfuoflZVh ls ch-,l-lh dj jgk FkkA og vius ekrk&firk dh bdykSrh lUrku FkkA eSa vf kdrj mlds lkFk f dsV [ksyuk ilUn djrk Fkk D;ksafd og ckWfyax djrk FkkA ,d fnu og dkj ls viuh ;wfuoflZVh tk jgk Fkk rHkh mldk ,DlhMsUV gks x;kA og N% fnu rd vkbZ-lh-;w esa HkrhZ jgk ysfdu mls gks'k ugha vk;k FkkA lkrosa fnu gks'k vk;k rc MkWDVj us tokc ns fn;k fd og dHkh py ugha ik,xkA ,d eghus ckn mlds ekrk&firk mls ?kj ys vk,A lHkh fujk'k Fks ysfdu mldh ek us fcYdqy gkj ugha ekuhA og fnu&jkr mldh lsok djrh vkSj mlds iSjksa dh ekfy'k fd;k djrh FkhaA khjs& khjs mldh ek us mls viuk lgkjk nsdj [kM+k gksuk fl[kk;k vkSj fQj gkFk idM+ dj pyuk fl[kk;kA izkjEHk esa jkgqy dks cgqr ijs'kkuh gqbZA mlls pyk ugha tkrk FkkA mls cgqr d"V gksrk Fkk ftlds dkj.k mldh ek dh vk [kksa ls Hkh vk lw fudy vkrs FksA ysfdu ek us fgEer ugha gkjh fQj Hkh os jkgqy dks izfrfnu pyus ds fy, izsfjr djrh FkhaA muds ifjJe dk ;g ifj.kke fudyk fd ,d fnu jkgqy fcuk lgkjs ds pyus yxk vkSj viuh ;wfuoflZVh Hkh tkus yxkA blfy, dgk tkrk gS fd dksf'k'k djus okyksa dh dHkh gkj ugha gksrhA (v) bl fp= esa yM+fd;k Ldwy esa v ;;u djrh gqbZ ut+j vk jgh gSaA f'k{kk thou thus dk ,d vfuok;Z vax cu x;k gSA fcuk f'k{kk ds vkt dqN Hkh ugha gSA efgyk ds vf kdkjksa dh j{kk esa f'k{kk lcls eg oiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSA ,d f'kf{kr efgyk esa dkS'ky] izfrHkk vkSj vkRefo'okl gksrk gSA 2009 esa f'k{kk dk vf kdkj vf kfu;e us vfuok;Z fd;k fd U;wure f'k{kk izkIr djuk izR;sd cPps dk vf kdkj gSA 6 ls 14 o"kZ dh vk;q ds lHkh cPpksa ds fy, fcuk 'krZ ds 'kSf{kd voljksa dks igq pkuk vfuok;Z gSA yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk vFkZO;oLFkk dks et+cwr djrh gS vkSj vlekurk dks Hkh de dj nsrh gSA ckfydk f'k{kk dh vko';drk lH; lekt ds fuekZ.k gsrq ckfydkvksa ds lokZxh.k fodkl gsrq iztkrkaf=d lQ yrk gsrq vkfFkZd mUufr gsrq lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa vkSj vU k fo'oklksa dh lekfIr ds fy, bl izdkj ckfydkvksa dh f'k{kk orZeku esa vR;Ur vko';d gSA ySafxd HksnHkkoksa dks nwj djus ds fy, yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk gksuk Hkh t+:jh gS ftlls bu HksnHkkoksa dks lekt esa ls lekIr fd;k tk ldsA ,d iq#"k dks f'kf{kr djds dsoy ns'k ds dqN gh fgLls dks f'kf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gS tcfd ,d efgyk dks f'kf{kr djds iwjs jk"V dks f'kf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA 2 (i) 102] 'kkgxat vkxjk fnukad& 28 vizy S xxxx fo"k;& vukFk&vkJe tkus dk vuqHko crkus gsrqA fiz; fe= lquhy] vk'kk gS rqe ldq'ky gksxAs bl ckj ge vkt+knh dk egksRlo eukus ds fy, vukFk vkJe esa x, FksA ogk dbZ eklwe cPps FksA dqN dh vkokt+ rks vU;Ur gh dksey FkhA tc eSa muds ikl xbZ rks os eq>s gkFk idM+ dj eSnku dh vksj ys x, vkSj eq>s [ksyus ds fy, vkefU=r fd;kA eSaus ogk muds lkFk f dsV [ksykA cgqr et+k vk;kA lp esa ,slk yx jgk Fkk ekuksa fd vius ifjokj ds cPpksa ds lkFk [ksy jgh gw A eSa muds fy, dqN diM+]s [kkusa dh pht+as rFkk dkWih ysdj xbZ Fkh mUgsa ns[krs gh mudh [kq'kh dk fBdkuk gh ugha jgkA muls feydj eq>s cgqr vPNk yxkA ogk ls okil vkus dk Hkh eu ugha dj jgk FkkA rqe tc vkxjk vkvksx]s rks eSa rqEgas ml vkJe ysdj tk xhA rqEgkjh lgsyh iwue c?ksy (ii) lsok esa] ,e-vkbZ- dEiuh izcU kd vkxjk fo"k;%& xkjaVh VkbZe esa eksckby esa [kjkch vkus gsrqA egksn;] esjk uke lqfer gS vkSj eSa deyk uxj vkxjk dk fuoklh gw A 16 ekpZ dks eSaus 'kkg ekdsZV ls vkidh dEiuh dk ,d eksckby [kjhnk Fkk ysfdu 20 ekpZ dks bl iG+ ksu dh fMLIys iwjh rjg vius vki dkyh gks xbZA vHkh bl iG+ ksu dh xkjaVh VkbZe Hkh lekIr ugha gqvk gSA eSa bruk vkfFkZd :i ls l'kDr ugha gw fd nwljk iG+ ksu [kjhn yw A vkils fuosnu gS fd d`i;k esjk eksckby tYn&ls&tYn cnyus dh d`ik djsaA eSa thouHkj vkidk vkHkkjh jgw xkA kU;okn Hkonh;k lqfer deyk uxj] vkxjkA fnukad& xx@03@xxxx gy iz'u&i= 2023 25 3. (i) olUr rq dk vkxeu gks pqdk Fkk ysfdu eksj vkSj dks;y mnkl FksA taxy ds jktk us ,d tk p vk;ksx dk xBu djok;k ftldk izeq[k dkSok cuk;k x;kA (ii) tk p }kjk irk pyk fd dks;y vkSj eksj ,d gh ?kj dh eqaMsj ij cSBs Fks fd rHkh mudh ut+j ?kj ij py jgs Vsyhfot+u ij iM+h ftl ij u`R; dk dk;Z e fn[kk;k tk jgk FkkA ;g dk;Z e ns[kdj nksuksa gh mnkl gks x, vkSj lkspus yxs fd ge fnu jkr e kqj ok.kh vkSj eueksgd vnkvksa ls lcdk eu cgykrs gSa] ij gekjh iz'kalk esa fdlh us dqN ugha dgkA (iii) dkSos us viuk mnkgj.k nsdj le>k;k fd tc gekjk lkFkh ej tkrk gS rks ge lHkh ,d= gksdj dk o&dk o dj viuk nq%[k izdV djrs gSaA ge fe=ksa vkSj esgekuksa ds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsrs gSaA yksx gekjh dnz ugha djrsA xhrk ds mins'k dh Hkk fr ge vius dk;Z dks djrs jgsa vkSj Qy dh bPNk u djsaA (iv) dkSos dh ckrsa mu nksuksa dks le> esa vk xb A mlh le; taxy esa dkys ckny Nk x,A dks;y vkSj eskj >we&>we dj ukpus vkSj xkus yxsA lkjs taxy esa [kq'kh dh ygj nkSM+ xbZA (v) dkSos us eksj ls dgk] Hkxoku d`".k rqEgkjs ia[k vius flj ij yxkrs gSa] D;k blls Hkh c<+dj rqEgkjk iqjLdkj gks ldrk gS\ blh Hkko ls dks;y dks Hkh le>k;k fd rqe gh rks olUr ds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsrh gksA vkeksa dh cgkj vkus dh [kqf'k;k nsrh gksA bl izdkj mUgsa vius&vius iqjLdkj izkIr gq, FksA 4 (i) m kj fodYi (c) lgh gSA O;k[;k& foykse vFkkZr~ foijhrkFkZd 'kCn gSA vkfn dk mYVk vUr gksxkA (ii) fodYi (c) lgh gSA (iii) fodYi (d) lgh gSA (iv) fodYi (a) lgh gSA O;k[;k& laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCnksa dks fo'ks"k.k dgrs gSaA (v) fodYi (c) lgh gSA (vi) fodYi (b) lgh gSA (vii) fodYi (b) lgh gSA (viii) fodYi (c) lgh gSA SECTION - B lkfgR; lkxj % laf{kIr dgkfu;k 5. (i) (Sahitya Sagar : Short Stories) ;gk usrkth dh ewfrZ dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA uxjikfydk ds fdlh mRlkgh cksMZ ;k fdlh iz'kklfud vf kdkjh us ,d ckj 'kgj ds eq[; ckt+kj ds eq[; pkSjkgs ij usrkth dh ,d laxejej dh izfrek yxok nh FkhA (ii) igyh ckj gkynkj lkgc us ewfrZ ij pkSdksj dkyk se okyk p'ek ns[kk FkkA nwljh ckj p'ek xksy eksVs seokyk FkkA (iii) ^dkSrqd* dk vFkZ mRlqdrk gksrk gSA mudh mRlqdrk blfy, c<+h D;ksafd ewfrZ diM+s ugha cny ldrh ysfdu p'ek rks cny gh ldrh gSA mUgksaus iku okys ls iz'u fd;k fd D;ksa HkbZ D;k ckr gS\ ;g rqEgkjs usrkth dk p'ek gj ckj cny dSls tkrk gS\ (iv) ewfrZdkj ,d v ;kid Fkk ftldk uke ekLVj eksrhyky FkkA cspkjs us eghus Hkj esa ewfrZ cukdj iVd nsus dk oknk fd;k gksxkA cuk Hkh yh gksxh ysfdu iRFkj esa ikjn'khZ p'ek dSls cuk;k tk,& dk pokyk ;g r; ugha dj ik;k gksxk ;k p'ek VwV x;k gksxkA 6. (i) ^eSa* 'kCn dk iz;ksx jkefugky ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA oDrk ';kek ds ?kj dh ckr dj jgk gSA (ii) oDrk tgk ukSdjh djrk gS mlh dks viuk ?kj eku ysrk gS D;ksafd ogk lqf'kf{kr vkSj lTtu yksx gSa vkSj mls ekurs Hkh cgqr gSaA (iii) oDrk vius thou dh lPpkbZ crkrs gq, dgrk gS fd esjh eg okdka{kk] esjs mUufr'khy fopkj eq>s cjkcj nkSM+krs jgsA eSa viuh dq'kyrk ls vius HkkX; dks kks[kk nsrk jgkA ;g Hkh esjk isV Hkj nsrk FkkA dHkh&dHkh eq>s ,slk ekywe gksrk fd ;g nk o cSBk fd eSa vius vki ij fot;h gqvkA fdUrq og e`x&ejhfpdk FkhA (iv) jkefugky lUnsg dks vius eu esa txg nsrk gS fd euksjek mlls izse djrh gS vkSj ';kek dks lUnsg gS fd jkefugky ls euksjek izse ugha djrh gSA ;g dgkuh lUnsg ds nk;js esa ?kwerh ut+j vkrh gSA bl dkj.k bl dgkuh dk 'kh"kZd lkFkZd gSA 7. (i) pquko ou izns'k esa gksus okyk Fkk D;ksafd os vPNh 'kklu&O;oLFkk viukuk pkgrs Fks tks iztkrkaf=d gksA HksM+ksa us lkspk fd os vius izfrfuf k;ksa ls d+kuwu cuok, xsa ftlls mUgsa dksbZ u lrk,A (ii) HksM+ksa ds mYykflr gksus dk dkj.k ou&izns'k esa iztkrU= dh LFkkiuk FkkA mudk ;g mYykl fpj LFkk;h ugha jgkA (iii) ^fny cSBuk* vFkkZr~ cgqr cqjh rjg nq%[kh gksuk gSA HksfM+;ksa dk fny cSBus dk dkj.k ou izns'k esa pquko gksuk FkkA os lksp jgs Fks fd mudk jkT; rks vc x;k] blfy, mudk fny cSBuk Hkh mfpr FkkA (iv) ^HksM+ vkSj HksfM+,* dgkuh orZeku iztkrkaf=d pquko iz.kkyh dk lPpk Lo:i izLrqr djrh gSA jktusrk pquko thrus ds fy, Hkksyh&Hkkyh turk dks rjg&rjg ds izyksHku nsdj pquko thr tkrs gS vkSj vUr esa vius okns ls eqdj tkrs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,& ^^gj HksfM+, ds vklikl nks&pkj fl;kj jgrs gh gSaA tc HksfM+;k viuk f'kdkj [kk ysrk gS] rc ;s fl;kj gf ;ksa esa yxs ek l dks dqrjdj [kkrs gSa vkSj gf ;k pwlrs jgrs gSaA** 26 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ- iz'u cSad pSIVjokbl@VkWfIkdokbl fgUnh] d{kk&X lkfgR; lkxj % i| Hkkx (Sahitya Sagar : Poems) 8. (i) j?kqifr jkek;.k ds uk;d Jh jke gSaA Jhjke dk tUe j?kqdqy esa =srk ;qx vFkkZr~ }kij ;qx ls igys gqvk FkkA (ii) egkHkkjr ds ;q esa xhrk dk mins'k nsdj euq"; dks fu"dke deZ dh f'k{kk nhA ;g mins'k Jh d`".k us fn;k gSA (iii) ckS keZ ds laLFkkid xkSre cq us ekuo dks izse vkSj vfgalk dk ikB i<+k;k rFkk muds eu ds nhid ls vkt fo'o ds vusd ns'k vkyksfdr gSaA (iv) Hkkjr ds nf{k.k esa fLFkr fgeky; ioZr ls cgus okyh 'khry vkSj lqxaf kr gok izkf.k;ksa ds ru&eu dks LQwfrZ ls Hkj nsrh gSA ;gk vusd keksZa dh LFkkiuk gqbZ ftlls euq"; dks ,d ubZ thou n`f"V feyhA ;g ns'k deZ iz kku gSA 9. (i) lwjnkl us Jh d`".k dh f'k'kq voLFkk dk o.kZu fd;k gSA d`".k dh >YykgV dk dkj.k eD[ku gSA (ii) d`".k epyrs gq,] fpM+fpM+krs gq, eD[ku [kk jgs gSaA mUgsa uhan vk jgh gS blfy, mudh vk [ksa yky vkSj mudh HkkSagsa Vs<+h gks jgh gSaA (iii) lwjnkl dh HkfDr l[kk Hkko dh FkhA lwjnkl cYyHkkpk;Z ds f'k"; rFkk v"V Nki ds izeq[k dfo;ksa esa ls ,d gSaA iqf"V ekxZ esa nf{kr gksus ds ckn tks in mUgksaus jps os izsey{k.kk HkfDr ls lEcfU kr gSaA (iv) ykspu& us= kwy& kwlj & kwy&fe h xkr& 'kjhj fujf[k& ns[kdj rtr& rarq ?kqVqju& ?kqVuksa ds cy pyuk 10. (i) fHk{kqd ds lkFk mlds nks cPps Hkh gSaA mudh fLFkfr vR;Ur n;uh; gSA Hkw[ks jgus ds dkj.k muds gksaB Hkh lw[k tkrs gSaA (ii) ^n;k n`f"V* vFkkZr~ n;k djus ds ;ksX; n`f"V j[kus okykA mUgsa bldh vko';drk blfy, gS D;ksafd og Hkw[ks gSaA ,d gkFk ls viuk isV Hkh ey jgs gSa ftlls mudh dksbZ lgk;rk dj nsA (iii) fHk{kqd dks ns[kdj egkHkkjr dk vfHkeU;q ik= ;kn vkrk gSA dfo fHk{kqd dks vfHkeU;q ds leku vius vf kdkjksa ls yM+us dh izsj.kk ns jgk gSA (iv) vieku vkSj nq%[k ds dkj.k os vk lqvksa dk ?kw V ihdj jg tkrs gSa vFkkZr~ os viuk eu elksldj jg tkrs gSaA ykpkj vkSj t+:jreUnksa ds fy, eu esa izse vkSj laosnuk gksuk blfy, vko';d gS ftlls mudh lgk;rk dh tk ldsA u;k jkLrk % lq"kek vxzoky (Naya Rasta : Sushma Agarwal) ehuw cpiu ls i<+kbZ esa cgqr gksf'k;kj FkhA vHkh og odhy cuus dh i<+kbZ dj jgh FkhA ehuw us uhfyek dh 'kknh esa nks fnu igys tkus dk fu'p; fd;k rFkk fookgksiy{; esa mls HksaV nsus ds fy, ,d lqUnj&lh nhokj ?kM+h [kjhn yhA (iii) uhfyek ehuw dh ge mez lgsyh gSA mldh 'kknh ehjkiqj esa gks jgh FkhA ehuw ds iwNus ij mlus vius gksus okys ifr ds ckjs esa crk;k fd yM+dk esjB dk gh gSA mldh viuh QSDV h gSA mldk uke lqjsUnz gSA (iv) uhfyek ds fookg esa ehuw }kjk xk, x, e kqj xhr dh iz'kalk djus okyk uo;qod vfer FkkA vfer dks ns[kdj ehuw dh vrhr dh ;knsa rkt+k gks xb ] blfy, mlds eq g ls viuh iz'kalk lqudj ehuw izlUu ugha gqbZA 12. (i) oDrk ek;kjke th gSaA ;gk muds yM+ds dh 'kknh dh fofHkUu rS;kfj;k py jgh gSaA (ii) miU;kl esa ^cM+s ?kj dh csVh* dgdj lfjrk dks lEcksf kr fd;k x;k gSA og kuhey dh iq=h gSA (iii) kuhey us viuh csVh lfjrk ds fj'rs dh ckr dh vkSj mldh 'kknh esa ik p yk[k #i, yxkus ds fy, dgkA ek;kjke th ngst fojks kh gSa blfy, mUgksaus dgk fd ge vHkh ,d yM+dh ns[kdj vk, gSa vkSj og yM+dh lcdks ilUn gSA (iv) ^u;k jkLrk* miU;kl esa ysf[kdk us ngst izFkk rFkk lqUnj yM+dh dh pkg tSlh lkekftd dqizFkk ij izdk'k Mkyk gSA bldks jksdus esa ehuw vkSj ek;kjke th us eg oiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA ek;kjke th kuhey dh csVh ls fookg djus ds fy, euk dj nsrs gSaA 11. (i) (ii) 13. (i) ;gk ehuw vLirky ds ckgj cSBdj vfer dk bUrt+kj dj jgh gSA (ii) mls ;g le; cgqr yEck blfy, yx jgk gS D;ksafd og vfer ls feyus ds fy, vLirky vkbZ gqbZ gSA vfer dh dkj dk czsd QSy gks x;k Fkk vkSj mlds gkFk&iSjksa dh gf ;k pdukpwj gks xbZ gSaA (iii) bl bart+kj dk okLrfod m s'; vfer ds LokLF; ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ysuk FkkA ehuw dks ns[kdj vfer ds psgjs ij [kq'kh nkSM+ xbZA vfer dks viuh xyrh dk vglkl gksrk gS fd mlus xyr fu.kZ; fy;k FkkA (iv) ^u;k jkLrk* iwjh rjg lkFkZd gSA ehuw vius lk oysiu vkSj de ngst ds dkj.k ckj&ckj fookg ls vLohd`r gks tkrh gSA og dM+h esgur ls odhy curh gS vkSj vUr esa vfer ds ifjokj okys mlds fy, fj'rk ek xus vkrs gSaA bl izdkj ehuw us u;k jkLrk p;u fd;kA gy iz'u&i= 2023 27 ,dkadh lap; (Ekanki Sanchay) izLrqr dFku dk oDrk thouyky gS rFkk Jksrk izeksn gSA oDrk dh ekufld fLFkfr vR;Ur {kh.k gSA og ngst izFkk dks izksRlkfgr djrk gSA (ii) cgu dk igys lkou esa viuh l[kh&lgsfy;ksa ds lkFk g l&[ksydj fcrkus dk liuk Fkk tks okLro esa liuk gh jg x;kA (iii) oDrk us cgu ds lius iwjs u gksus dk ft+Eesnkj cgu ds ekrk&firk vkSj HkkbZ dks Bgjk;k tcfd og blds ft+Eesnkj ugha gSaA esjh n`f"V ls oDrk dk O;ogkj mfpr ugha Fkk D;ksafd ngst izFkk ljdkj }kjk Hkh lekIr dh tk pqdh gSA ngst dh ot+g ls fdlh L=h dks izrkfM+r ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A (iv) bl ,dkadh esa lekt dh det+ksj ekufldrk vkSj ngst izFkk dh ToyUr leL;k dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k x;k gSA bl leL;k ls lekt ds yksx xHkZ esa gh csVh dks ejok nsrs gSa ftlls mUgsa ngst u nsuk iM+sA thouyky dgrk gS fd ^^tkvks] dg nsuk viuh ek ls fd vxj csVh dks fonk djkuk pkgrh gSa] rks igys ml ?kko ds fy, ejge HkstsaA** 15. (i) izLrqr dFku dk oDrk egkjk.kk yk[kk gSA pkj.kh jaxeap ds insZ ds ihNs ,d xhr xk jgh gS ftldk fo"k; gS fd jktLFkku ds ohj jktiwrksa dh 'kfDr dks cgqr esgur ls laxfBr fd;k x;k gSA mUgsa vlaxfBr u gksus fn;k tk,A (ii) egkjk.kk yk[kk cwanh ds gkM+k ohjksa dh k`"Vrk ds dkj.k cwanh ds fdys esa lsuk ds lkFk izos'k dh izfrKk dj ysrk gS D;ksafd uhejk ds eSnku esa cwanh ds eqV~Bh Hkj gkM+kvksa ls ijkftr gksdj egkjk.kk yk[kk dks Hkkxuk iM+k Fkk ftlls muds vkRe fo'okl dks Bsl igq ph FkhA (iii) egkjk.kk yk[kk vkSj cwanh ds gkM+kvksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA cwanh ds gkM+k 'kfDr vkSj lk ku esa esokM+ ls NksVs gSa fQj Hkh os ohj gSaA (iv) izLrqr ,dkadh esa ohj flag us eq>s vf kd izHkkfor fd;kA ^ekr`Hkwfe dk eku* j[kus ds fy, ohj flag us vius izk.kksa dks U;ksNkoj dj fn;kA bl ,dkadh dk ;gh m s'; gS fd gesa vius ns'k dh j{kk ds fy, lnSo rRij jguk pkfg,A 16. (i) ^dq oj* dk iz;ksx mn; flag ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA muds :Bus dk dkj.k ;gh gS fd iUuk ^ kk;* us mUgsa nhinku mRlo esa tkus ugha fn;kA (ii) mn; flag dk ;ku mRlo ls gVkus ds fy, oDrk us mls eukrs gq,] cgykrs gq, dgk fd :Bus ls jktoa'k ugha pyrsA tkvks foJke djksA ns[kks rqEgkjs diM+ksa ij kwy Nk jgh gSA (iii) oDrk iUuk kk; gSA og ,d d kZO;fu"B lkglh efgyk FkhA iUuk esa vVwV jktHkfDr gS ftlds dkj.k os vius iq= dk cfynku Hkh dj nsrh gSA (iv) oDrk dq oj dks nhinku dk mRlo ns[kus ls blfy, jksduk pkgrh gS D;ksafd egkjktk laxzke flag dq oj dh gR;k dk "kM~;U= jprk gSA ,dkadh ds vUr esa iUuk kk; us dq oj ds LFkku ij vius iq= pUnu dks 'kS ;k ij fyVk fn;k vkSj laxzke flag dq oj le> dj mldh gR;k dj nsrk gSA bl izdkj mlus ns'kHkfDr rFkk jktHkfDr fn[kkbZ FkhA 14. (i)

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