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ICSE Examination Paper-2024 Hindi (Second Language) (Solved) Class-10th Maximum Marks: 80 Time allowed: Three hours Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Section A is compulsory - All questions in Section A must be answered. Attempt any four questions from Section: B, answering at least one question each from the two books you have studied and any two questions from the same books you have studied. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ]. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fgUnh esa yxHkx 120 'kCnksa esa i= fyf[k,% (i) vkids ,d fe= us gky gh esa fdlh u, fo|ky; esa os'k fy;k gS ysfdu ogk ds dqN iqjkus fo|kFkhZ mls ijs'kku dj jgs gSaA bl fLFkfr dk fgEeriwoZd lkeuk djus dh lykg nsrs gq, vius bl fe= dks ,d i= fyf[k,A 'kCnksa esa laf{kIr fgUnh ys[k fyf[k,% (ii) vki xk o esa fLFkr fdlh fo|ky; esa x, ogk dh cqjh fLFkfr (i) dqN le; igys fdlh vodk'k ds le; vki lifjokj ns[kdj mlds lq/kkj gsrq f'k{kk ea=h dks i= fyf[k,A fdlh igkM+h LFkku ij ?kweus x,] nqHkkZX;o'k i;ZVdksa dh HkhM+ Question 3 ds dkj.k vkidks cgqr&lh fodV leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk Read the passage given below and answer in Hindi iM+kA vius bl vuqHko dk o.kZu Lrko ds :i esa fyf[k, A the questions that follow, using your own words as (ii) rduhdh fodkl us gekjk thou ljy rFkk lqxe cuk fn;k far as possible: gSA fdlh ,d rduhd ds fo"k; esa foLrkj ls crkrs gq, ;g fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks /;ku ls if<+, vkSj ml ds uhps fy[ks Hkh Li"V dhft, fd ;g rduhd gekjs ns'k ds fodkl esa 'uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,A m kj ;FkklaHko vkids vius lg;ksxh dSls gS\ 'kCnksa esa gksus pkfg,% (iii) vkt egkuxjksa esa cM+s&cM+s ^'kkWfiax ekWy* LFkku&LFkku ij nf{k.k iwohZ ,f'k;k ds nks NksVs fdUrq eg oiw.kZ ns'k gSa& fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA brus ^'kkWfiax ekWy* cuus ds dkj.kksa ij dk'k dacksfM;k vkSj ykvkslA dbZ o"kZ igys dh ckr gS bu nksuksa Mkyrs gq, ,d Lrko fyf[k, fd tc vki vius ifjokj ns'kksa esa igys vPNh fe=rk gqvk djrh Fkh ysfdu vc ;s nks ds lkFk fdlh ekWy esa ?kweus x, rks vki dks ogk fdu&fdu iM+kslh ns'k vkil esa ;q djus dh rS;kjh dj jgs FksA >xM+k pht+ksa us lcls vf/kd vkdf"kZr fd;k rFkk ogk vkius nksuksa ns'kksa esa cgus okyh ,d unh dks ysdj FkkA unh dk uke D;k&D;k [kjhnk\ Fkk ^ehdkax* tks ykvksl ls fudydj dacksfM;k esa cgrh (iv) vkius ogk dh fLFkfr ns[kh vkSj vkids eq g ls fudyk vjs! FkhA nksuksa ns'kksa ds fy, ;g unh cgqr eg oiw.kZ FkhA lkFk ,slk Hkh gksrk gS D;k\ bl okD; ls vkjEHk vFkok vUr djrs gh nksuksa ns'koklh mls iwtrs Hkh FksA unh ds ikuh dh flapkbZ gq, ,d ekSfyd dgkuh fyf[k,A ls nksuksa ns'kksa ds [ksr gjs&Hkjs jgrs FksA nksuksa ns'k ehdkax dks (v) uhps fn, x, fp= dks /;ku ls nsf[k, vkSj fp= dks vk kkj thounkf;uh le>rs Fks nksuksa dk ml ij nkok FkkA bl ekeys cukdj mldk ifjp; nsrs gq,] dksbZ ys[k] ?kVuk vFkok dgkuh dks ysdj fLFkfr bruh fcxM+ xbZ fd ,d ckj os ,d&nwljs ds fyf[k,] ftldk lh/kk o Li"V lEcU/k fp= ls gksuk pkfg,A ns'k ij geyk djus dks rS;kj gks x, vkSj viuh&viuh lsuk, ysdj vkeus&lkeus [kM+s gks x,A vpkud egkRek cq ogk ;q Hkwfe esa igq p x,A mUgksaus ;q ds fy, rS;kj ns'kksa dh fo'kky lsuk, ns[khaA egkRek cq dks bl dkj ogk vpkud ns[kdj nksuksa dh lsukvksa esa [kycyh ep xbZA cq us nksuksa ns'kksa ds jktkvksa] eaf=;ksa rFkk vU; vf kdkfj;ksa dks vius ikl cqyk;kA nksuksa lsukvksa ds chp [kM+s gks dj mUgksaus mu lHkh ls 'u fd;k fd os yksx vkil esa D;ksa ;q djus tk jgs gSa\ cq dks nksuksa lsukvksa ls ;gh tokc feyk fd muds thou dh vk/kkj ^ehdkax* unh ds ty ds fy, ;g Question 2 ;q gksus tk jgk gSA cq us iqu% 'u fd;k fd unh ds ty Write a letter in Hindi of approximately 120 words vkSj ekuo ds j nksuksa esa ls dkSu vf/kd ewY;oku gSA ,d [7] on any one of the topics given below: SECTION-A (40 Marks) Attempt all questions from this Section. Question 1 Write a short composition in Hindi of approximately 250 words on any one of the following topics: [15] fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij yxHkx 250 2 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ-] fgUnh, d{kk X Loj esa nksuksa vksj ls tokc feyk fd ekuo dk jDr fuLlansg unh ds ty ls vf/kd ewY;oku gSA Hkxoku cq us nksuksa i{kksa dks le>krs gq, dgk fd 'kk;n nksuksa ns'kksa dh vkilh bZ";kZ ds dkj.k fLFkfr bruh fcxM+ xbZ Fkh fd mUgsa yxus yxk Fkk fd bl unh ds ty dks ck Vus dh leL;k dk gy dsoy ;q ls gks ldrk gSA cq us mUgsa le>k;k fd leL;kvksa dk gy ;q ds }kjk fudkyuk laHko ugha gSA egkRek cq dh ckrksa dks lqudj nksuksa lsukvksa esa 'kkafr Nk xbZ vkSj nksuksa i{kksa ds yksx lksp esa iM+ x, egkRek cq ds lq>ko ds vuqlkj mu nksuksa ns'kksa us fey dj ,d 'kkafr lHkk cukbZA ml 'kkafr lHkk us nksuksa ns'kksa ds nkos dks /;ku ls lqukA mUgksaus nksuksa ns'kksa esa tkdj vlyh fLFkfr dks viuh vk [kksa ls [kqn ns[kk vkSj le>k fd ;g unh rks bu nksuksa ds fy, gh leku eg o j[krh gSA fQj blds fy, fookn dSlk\ blh fo"k; ij [kwc lksp&fopkj djus ds ckn] var esa ml lHkk us ,d fnu ,slk fu.kZ; fn;k fd nksuksa ns'k eku x,A vkf[kjdkj mu ds chp gksus okyk ;q Vy x;k vkSj nksuksa ns'kksa esa fQj ls fe=rk gks xbZA blfy, dgrs gSa fd euq"; dk foosd vkSj le> ,d ,slh 'kf gksrh gS] ftlds }kjk ekuo fgalkRed vkSj loZuk'kdkjh ;q ksa rd dks jksd ldrk gS vkSj 'kkafr ds lkFk seiwoZd thou fcrk ldrk gS rFkk nwljksa ds fy, sj.kk Hkh cu ldrk gSA (i) dacksfM;k vkSj ykvksl dgk fLFkr gSa vkSj igys bu nksuksa ns'kksa ds vkilh lEcU/k dSls Fks\ [2] (ii) dkSu&lh unh bu nksuksa ns'kksa ds fy, cgqr eg oiw.kZ Fkh vkSj D;ksa\ [2] (iii) ,d fnu vpkud egkRek cq dgk igq p x, Fks\ ogk tkdj mUgksaus vius ikl fdls vkSj D;ksa cqyk;k\ [2] (iv) var esa dacksfM;k vkSj ykvksl ds chp dh leL;k dks fdl dkj lqy>k;k x;k\ [2] (v) bl dgkuh ls feyus okyh mu f'k{kkvksa dks fyf[k, tks vkt ds le; esa Hkh fo'o esa 'kkafr cuk, j[kus esa dke vk ldrh gSaA [2] Question 4 Answer the following according to the instructions [8] given below: (a) dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlys jgL;e;h gksrs gSaA (b) dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlys xqIrpj gksrs gSaA (c) dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlys xksiuh; gksrs gSaA (d) dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlys vYipfpZr gksrs gSa A ( viii) funsZ'kkuqlkj mfpr okD; crkb,% jksxh dh fn'kk Bhd ugha gSA (js[kkafdr 'kCn ds LFkku ij mfpr 'kCn dk ;ksx dhft,A) (a) jksx (b) n'kk (c) n;k (d) chekjh SECTION-B (40 Marks) Questions from only two textbooks are to be answered. Attempt four questions from this section. You must answer at least one question from each of the two books you have studied and any two other questions from the same books that you have chosen. lkfgR; lkxj & laf{kIr dgkfu;k SAHITYA SAGAR - SHORT STORIES Question 5 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% ^pqipki cSBs rax gks jgk Fkk] dq<+ jgk Fkk fd fe= vpkud cksys & ^^ns[kks og D;k gS\** eSaus ns[kk fd dksgjs dh li+Gsnh esa dqN gh gkFk nwj ls ,d dkyh & lh ewfrZ gekjh rji+G vk jgh Fkh] eSaus dgk & gksxk dksbZA viuk&viuk HkkX;&Jh tSusa dqekj (i) ^eSaus* 'kCn ls fdldh vksj ladsr fd;k x;k gS\ og bl le; fdl LFkku ij gS\ [2] (ii) ^dkyh & lh ewfrZ* fdldh Fkh\ ys[kd us mldh n'kk dk o.kZu fdl dkj fd;k gS\ [2] (iii) ckyd dgk dk jgusokyk Fkk\ mlus vius rFkk vius ifjokj ds fo"k; esa D;k tkudkjh nh\ [3] (iv) Lrqr dgkuh euq"; dh laosnughurk dk ;FkkFkZ fp=.k Lrqr djrh gS &dgkuh dk mnkgj.k nsdj bl dFku dks fl dhft,A [3] Question 6 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% csuh ek/ko flag iqjkus vkneh FksA bu Hkkoksa dks rkM+ x,A mUgksaus fu'p; fd;k fd pkgs dqN Hkh D;ksa u gks] bu }sf"k;ksa dks rkyh ctkus dk volj u nw xkA rqjar dksey 'kCnksa esa cksys csVk] eSa rqe ls ckgj ugha gw A rqEgkjk tks th pkgs djks] vc rks yM+ds ls vijk/k gks x;kA cM+s ?kj dh csVh & sepan (i) dFku ds o k ,oa Jksrk dk ifjp; nhft,A [2] (ii) ^bu Hkkoksa dks rkM+ x,* dFku fdl lanHkZ esa dgk x;k gS\ Jksrk us mls D;ksa ugha le>k Fkk\ Li"V dhft,A [2] (iii) fdl yM+ds ls] dkSu&lk vijk/k gks x;k Fkk vkSj D;ksa\ le>kdj fyf[k,A [3] (iv) D;k Jksrk us vijk/k ds fy, eki+G fd;k\ Jksrk dk n; ifjorZu djkus esa dkSu] fdl dkj lgk;d Fkk\ [3] fuEufyf[kr 'uksa ds m kj funsZ'kkuqlkj fyf[k,% (i) ^vkgkj* dk foykse crkb,% (a) 'kkdkgkj (b) fujkgkj (c) ek lkgkj (d) migkj (ii) ^fnu* dk mfpr i;kZ;okph 'kCn crkb,% (a) fuf'k & oklj (b) fnok & nso (c) fnol & okj (d) jtuh & je.kh (iii) ^dekuk* dh Hkkookpd laKk crkb,% (a) de (b) deh (c) dek (d) dekbZ (iv) ^iRFkj* dk fo'ks"k.k crkb,% (a) iFkjh (b) ikFkjh (c) iRFkjf'kyk (d) iFkjhyk (v) ^irhojrk* 'kCn dk 'kq :i crkb,% (a) irhozrk (b) ifrozrk (c) ifrorkZ (d) izfrozrk (vi) ^mUuhl chl dk vUrj* eqgkojs dk vFkZ crkb,% (a) vR;f/kd vUrj gksuk (b) fxurh dk vUrj gksuk (c) ,d leku gksuk (d) cgqr de vUrj gksuk Question 7 (vii) funsZ'kkuqlkj mfpr okD; crkb,% Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlyksa dks xqIr j[kk tkuk the questions that follow: vko';d gksrk gSA fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ksa 'uksa ds (js[kkafdr okD;ka'k gsrq mi;q 'kCn dk ;ksx fdl fodYi m kj fganh esa fyf[k,% esa gqvk gS\) gy iz'u&i= & 2024 og Hkh vPNh rjg ls fdl&fdl dks ns[ksA vkt dy rks ,slk yxrk gS] ekuks iwjk 'kgj gh vLirky esa meM+ vk;k gSA le> esa ugha vkrk] ,slh HkhM+ D;ksa gS \ HkhM+ esa [kks;k vkneh & yhyk/kj 'kekZ ioZrh; (i) Lrqr iaf ;k fdl lanHkZ esa dgh xbZ gSa \ [2] [2] (ii) Jksrk dgk x;k Fkk vkSj D;ksa \ (iii) ikB esa of.kZr HkhM+ dk D;k dkj.k gS \ bl HkhM+ dk D;k [3] ifj.kke lguk iM+ jgk gS \ (iv) bl HkhM+ ls dSls cpk tk ldrk gS \ ys[kd vius fe= dks HkhM+ dk jgL; D;ksa le>kuk ugha pkgrs gSa \ mnkgj.k lfgr crkb,A [3] lkfgR; lkxj & i| Hkkx SAHITYA SAGAR PADYA BHAG Question 8 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: 3 es?k vk, cM+s cu&Bu ds l oj dsA vkxs&vkxs ukprh xkrh c;kj pyh] njokT+ks&f[kM+fd;k [kqyus yxh xyh&xyh] ikgqu T;ksa vk, gks] xk o esa 'kgj dsA es?k vk, cM+s cu&Bu ds l oj dsA isM+ >qd >k dus yxs xjnu mpdk,] vk /kh pyh] /kwy Hkkxh ?kk?kjk mBk,] ck dh fprou mBk unh fBBdh] ?kw ?kV ljdk, es?k vk, cM+s cu&Bu ds l oj ds A es?k vk, & losZ'oj n;ky lDlsuk (i) es?k dgk vk, gSa vkSj dc vk, gSa \ [2] (ii) c;kj dks fdl dk rhd crk;k x;k gS \ mlds vkus ij xk o [2] okyksa dh D;k fLFkfr Fkh \ (iii) isM+] /kwy Hkjh vk /kh rFkk unh dks fdl&fdl dk rhd crk;k x;k gS \ le>kb,A [3] (iv) Lrqr dfork esa fdl vyadkj dk ;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk ftl rq ds fo"k; esa crk;k x;k gS mlds fo"k; esa pkj [3] iaf ;k fyf[k,A fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% u;k jkLrk & lq"kek vxzoky D;k jkg esa ifjp; dgw ] jkgh gekjk uke gSA NAYA RAASTA SUSHMA AGARWAL pyuk gekjk dke gSA Question 11 thou viw.kZ fy, gq,] ikrk dHkh] [kksrk dHkh] Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi vk'kk&fujk'kk ls f?kjk] g lrk dHkh] jksrk dHkhA the questions that follow: xfr efr u gks vo# ] bldk /;ku vkBksa ;ke gSA fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa pyuk gekjk dke gS f'koeaxy flag lqeu ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% (i) ^jkgh* fdls dgk x;k gS vkSj D;ksa\ [2] yxHkx ,d lIrkg ;gh e pyrk jgkA gj le; ,d O;f (ii) dfo ds vuqlkj R;sd O;f dks thou esa fdl&fdl dkj muds ikl cSBk jgrk A dHkh ek rks dHkh ehuw] dHkh jksfgr rks ds vuqHkoksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS\ [2] dHkh vk'kkA mu lcdh lsok o bZ'oj ds vk'khokZn ls firkth (iii) ^vkBksa ;ke* ls dfo dk D;k vfHk k; gS \ bl le; esa dfo dh n'kk esa dki+Gh lq/kkj gks x;kA vc os /khjs&/khjs vius vki [3] Hkq ls D;k kFkZuk djrs gSa vkSj D;ksa \ cSBus Hkh yxs Fks] vkSj FkksM+h nsj ckrsa Hkh dj ysrs FksA kr% (iv) thou esa fujarj pyrs jguk D;ksa vko';d gS \ ;fn euq"; ds yxHkx ukS cts dk le; FkkA ml le; gYdh&gYdh o"kkZ fny esa yxkrkj pyus dh pkg gh ugha jgs rks bl ds D;k& D;k dh cw nsa iM+ jgh FkhaA rHkh ?kj ds ckgj ,d dkj vkdj #dhA nq"ifj.kke gks ldrs gSa \ dfork ds vk/kkj ij crkb,A [3] (i) ^firkth* dks D;k gqvk Fkk\ MkWDVj us mUgsa D;k lykg nh [2] Fkh\ Question 9 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi (ii) dkj ls dkSu vk, Fks vkSj D;ksa\ [2] the questions that follow: (iii) cqvk th tkrs&tkrs vius HkS;k dks D;k&D;k lykg ns xbZ\ D;k fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds mi;q Z volj ij mudh ;g lykg mfpr Fkh\ le>kb,A [3] m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% (iv) firkth }kjk ehuw dks 'kknh dk lq>ko fn, tkus ij ehuw us mUgsa ,slks dks mnkj tx ekghA D;k dgdj le>k;k\ [3] fcuq lsok tks oS nhu ij jke lfjl dksm ukghA Question 12 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi tks xfr tksx fojkx tru dfj] ufg ikor eqfu & KkuhA the questions that follow: lks xfr nsrs xh/k] lcjh dgq ] Hkq u cgqr ft; tkuhA fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa tks laifr nl lhl vji dfj] jkou flo ig yhUghA ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% lks laink foHkh"k.k dg vfr ldqp lfgr Hkq nhUghA ijarq eSa rks bl i{k esa T+kjk Hkh ugha gw A gekjh Hkkjr ljdkj rqylhnkl lc Hkk fr ije lq[k] tks pkgfl eu esjksA gekjh i<+kbZ ij fdruk iSlk [kpZ djrh gS vkSj ge pan iSlksa rkS Hktq jke] dke lc iwju djS] ikfuf/k rsjks A ds dkj.k fons'kksa esa tk dj cl tk, \ ;fn lHkh cqf thoh fou; ds in& rqylhnkl fons'kksa esa tkdj cl tk, xsa rks gekjs ns'k dh mUufr fdl (i) rqylhnkl th fdl dky ,oa 'kk[kk ds dfo Fks \ mudh dkj laHko gks ldsxhA Hkf Hkkouk ij dk'k Mkfy,A [2] (i) oDrk bl le; fdl ls feyus vkbZ gS\ oDrk ds ;gk vkus (ii) Lrqr in esa ^xfr* 'kCn ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \ jke us xh/k vkSj dk dkj.k Hkh crkb,A [2] lcjh dks ;g xfr dc nku dh Fkh \ [2] (ii) bl le; ;gk fdl O;fDr ds fo"k; esa vkSj D;k ckr dh tk (iii) foHkh"k.k dk ifjp; nhft, A jke us mls dkSu & lh laink [2] jgh gS ftls lqudj oDrk us ;g lc dgk Fkk\ nku dj viuh mnkjrk fn[kkbZ rFkk mnkjrk fn[kkrs le; (iii) Lrqr iafDr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij oDrk ds pfj= dh ^rhu* mudk Hkko fdl dkj dk Fkk \ [3] fo'ks"krkvksa ij dk'k Mkfy,A [3] (iv) in dh vafre nks iaf ;ksa dk Hkko Li"V dhft,A [3] (iv) fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa vius ns'k ds ctk, fons'k esa f'k{kk kIr djus dh Question 10 c<+rh pkg ds dkj.k Hkfo"; esa ns'k dks fdu&fdu leL;kvksa Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gS\ le>kdj fyf[k,A [3] the questions that follow: Question 13 fuEufyf[kr i|ka'k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% the questions that follow: 4 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ-] fgUnh, d{kk X fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa Question 15 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% the questions that follow: ;g lc le; dk Qsj gS] nhnh ! esjs HkkX; esa ;gh lc fy[kk Fkk A eq>s ,d QSDV h esa ukSdjh fey xbZ FkhA eSa vius dks cgqr fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k,% [kq'kulhc le> jgk Fkk fd eq>s bruh NksVh mez esa gh ukSdjh ^i'pkrki rks rqEgsa gksuk pkfg,A eSa D;ksa i'pkrki d: xk\ fey xbZA eSaus ,slk dkSu&lk iki fd;k gS\ eSusa vius eu ds Hkkoksa dks (i) ^nhnh* dg dj fdls lacksf/kr fd;k x;k gS\ oDrk dk xqIr ugha j[kk] eSaus "kM U= ugha fd;k] eSaus xq:tuksa dk o/k [2] laf{kIr ifjp; nhft,A ugha fd;kA* (ii) ^le; dk Qsj* fdls dgk tk jgk gS vkSj bl le; ds Qsj ls egkHkkjr dh ,d lk >&Hkkjr Hkw"k.k vxzoky [2] oDrk ij D;k Hkko iM+k Fkk\ (iii) ^nhnh* us oDrk dh lgk;rk D;ksa] dc vkSj fdl dkj ls dh (i) Lrqr iafDr;ksa ds oDrk vkSj Jksrk dk ifjp; nhft,A [2] [3] (ii) oDrk i'pkrki D;ksa ugha djuk pkgrk\ og vius i{k esa Fkh\ dkSu&dkSu ls rdZ j[krk gS\ [2] (iv) vorj.k esa nh xbZ iafDr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij mnkgj.k lfgr fl vkids vuq l kj i'pkrki fdls gks u k pkfg, Fkk\ oDrk dks ;k (iii) dhft, fd eqlhcr esa iM+s O;fDr dh lgk;rk djuk gh euq"; Jks r k dks rdZ l fgr fyf[k,A [3] dk lc ls cM+k /keZ vkSj drZO; gksrk gSA [3] (iv) Jksrk oDrk ds ikl D;ksa vk;k Fkk\ vUr esa oDrk dk D;k gky ,dkadh lap; gksrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ [3] EKANKI SANCHAY Question 14 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: Question 16 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ksa 'uksa fuEufyf[kr vorj.k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks 'uksa ds m kj fganh esa fyf[k,% ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,% eq>s fdlh us crk;k rd ugha ;fn dksbZ f'kdk;r Fkh rks eq>s u tkus D;k gks jgk Fkk A esjk vareZu dk ius yxk Fkk_ eSa mls feVk nsuk pkfg, FkkA gYdh&lh [kjksap Hkh] ;fn ml ij mUgsa ns[krh Fkh rks tSls eksfguh & lh Nk tkrh Fkh A eSa Fkh Hkh rRdky nokbZ uk yxk nh tk,] rks c<+dj ,d cM+k ?kko cu vkSj ugha Hkh A eksgxzLr vkneh gksrk Hkh gS vkSj ugha Hkh gksrk] tkrh gS vkSj ;gh ?kko uklwj gks tkrk gS] fQj yk[k ejge ij gqvk ;gh] eSa ogk u Bgj ldhA yxkvks Bhd ugha gksrkA laLdkj vkSj Hkkouk & fo".kq Hkkdj lw[kh Mkyh & misa ukFk v'd (i) fdldk vareZu dc dk ius yxk Fkk\ [2] (i) dFku dk oDrk dkS u gS \ mldk ifjp; nhft,A [2] (ii) fdUgsa ns[k dj oDrk dks eksfguh&lh Nk xbZ Fkh vkSj D;ksa\ [2] dFku dk Jks r k dkS u gS \ Jks r k us ,s l k D;k dgk Fkk fd oDrk (ii) (iii) var esa ek dk n; ifjorZu dc] D;ksa vkSj fdl dkj gqvk\ dks mi;ZqDr ckr dguh iMh\ [2] [3] (iv) ^laLdkjksa dh nklrk* ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ vk/kqfud ;qx (iii) ^uklwj* 'kCn dk vFkZ fy[kdj crkb, fd bl leL;k ds lek/kku ds fy, oDrk ds D;k fopkj gSa\ [3] esa gekjs fy, laLdkj vf/kd eg oiw.kZ gS ;k Hkkouk, T+;knk [3] (iv) lw[kh Mkyh ,dkadh fdl i`"BHkwfe ij vk/kkfjr gS\ blds eg o j[krh gSa \ rdZ lfgr m kj fyf[k,A [3] 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk ij Hkh dk'k Mkfy,A m kjekyk Answer 1. (i) o"kks igys] SECTION-A vodk'k ds le; esa ge lifjokj igkM+h {ks= esa ?kweus fudysA ;g lkspdj fd ge 'kkafr vkSj k frd lkSan;Z dk vkuan ysaxs] geus lkspk Fkk fd ;g ;k=k gekjs fy, ,d vkjkenk;d vuqHko gksxhA ysfdu tSlk fd dHkh&dHkh gksrk gS] okLrfodrk vU;Fkk lkfcr gqbZA ge igkM+h ds k frd lkSan;Z dks fugkjrs gq, py jgs Fks] vpkud gekjs lkeus ,d cM+h HkhM+ ut+j vkbZA ;g vodk'k dk le; Fkk] vkSj i;ZVdksa dh HkhM+ cgqr gh vf/kd FkhA igkM+h ds ekxZ ij] gesa vusd leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA igyh leL;k Fkh HkhM+ vkSj HkhM+ esa HkVd tkukA bruh HkhM+ esa fcNM+ tkus ij okil feyuk dki+Gh eqf'dy Fkk] vkSj gesa ekxZ dks [kkstus esa dbZ ckj ijs'kkuh gqbZA nwljh leL;k Fkh O;oLFkk dh dehA HkhM+ us LFkkuh; O;oLFkkvksa dks cckZn dj fn;k x;k FkkA [kkus dh O;oLFkk vlaxfBr Fkh vkSj gesa yach ykbuksa esa [kM+k gksdj bart+kj djuk iM+kA rhljh vkSj lcls cM+h leL;k Fkh laj{k.k dh dehA HkhM+ esa fo'ks"k :i ls cPps vkSj o` O;f dks viuh lqj{kk dh fpark gksrh FkhA gesa ckj&ckj lko/kku jgus dh vko';drk Fkh vkSj [krjksa ls cpus ds fy, lrdZ jguk iM+kA bl vuqHko us gesa fl[kk;k fd 'kkafriw.kZ vuqHko dh ryk'k esa gesa /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd i;ZVu ds ek/;e ls gesa vius i;kZoj.k dk lEeku dSls djuk pkfg,A ;g gesa fo'okl gqvk fd vDlj okLrfodrk vkSj lius fHkUu gksrs gSa] vkSj gesa mls Lohdkj djuk pkfg, vkSj lek/kku [kkstuk pkfg,A (ii) rduhdh fodkl us gekjs thou dks ljy vkSj lqxe cuk fn;k gSA blesa ,d rduhd dk mi;ksx djus dk vf}rh; eg o gS O;f xr lapkj midj.kA vktdy] LekVZi+Gksu ,oa baVjusV ds ;ksx ls ge lHkh cgqr tqM+s gq, gSaA ;s midj.k gesa fcuk fdlh fnDdr ds tkudkjh kIr djus] O;kolkf;d laidZ LFkkfir djus vkSj vk/kqfud thou'kSyh dk vkuan ysus esa enn djrs gSaA O;f xr lapkj midj.kksa ds mi;ksx ls ge yksx le; ds [kpZ dks de dj ldrs gSa] D;ksafd vc ge xgjkbZ ls fdlh Hkh tkudkjh dks lh/ks vius gkFkksa esa kIr dj ldrs gSaA blls u dsoy gekjk le; cprk gS] cfYd ge vius dk;ks dks Hkh vkSj vf/kd Hkkoh <ax ls iwjk dj ldrs gSaA O;f xr lapkj midj.kksa dk mi;ksx O;olk;ksa vkSj O;kolkf;d laxBuksa ds fy, Hkh eg oiw.kZ gSA ;s midj.k fofHkUu O;kikfjd dk;ks dks lqxe cukus esa enn djrs gSa] gy iz'u&i= & 2024 5 xqfM+;k ds ut+nhdh nksLr mls ,d cM+k jksyj dksLVj ns[kkrs tSls fd foi.ku] fc h] vkSj xzkgd lsokA blds vykok] O;kolkf;d laxBu bu midj.kksa dk mi;ksx djds vius gSaA xqfM+;k us mls ns[krs gh cM+h mRlqdrk ls dgk] ^^eq>s bls dk;Z dks lqn`<+ cuk ldrs gSa vkSj vius mRiknksa ;k lsokvksa p<+uk gS!** mlds nksLr g lrs gq, mls crkrs gSa] ^^rw bl ij dks vf/kd ls vf/kd yksxksa rd igq pk ldrs gSaAns'k ds p<+ ugha ldrh] xqfM+;k! ;g cgqr gh [krjukd gSA** ysfdu fodkl esa] O;f xr lapkj midj.kksa dk vge ;ksxnku gSA xqfM+;k dks dksbZ euk ugha dj ldrk FkkA mlus mUgsa cM+s bu midj.kksa ds mi;ksx ls yksx vf/kd tkudkjh kIr dj mRlkg ls dgk] ^^eq>s ns[kks] eSa bls p<w xh!** ldrs gSa] vf/kd O;kikfjd lEcU/k cuk ldrs gSa vkSj vius xqfM+;k us jksyj dksLVj dh pkbZ ij p<+dj mldk vuqHko thou dks ljy vkSj lqxe cuk ldrs gSaA blls lkekftd] fd;kA og mRlkfgr Fkh] ysfdu tc og uhps vk jgh Fkh] rks vkfFkZd vkSj rduhdh n`f"V ls ns'k dk fodkl gksrk gSA yksxksa mldk n; /kM+dus yxkA og Mjh Fkh] ysfdu og Mj dks dh thou'kSyh esa Hkh lq/kkj gksrk gSA ugha fn[kkuk pkgrh FkhA xqfM+;k ds ifjokj ds lnL; mls ns[k lEiw.kZ] O;f xr lapkj midj.kksa dk fodkl gesa lapkj ds jgs FksA os mls ns[kdj fpafrr gks x, vkSj mls uhps vkrs gq, {ks= esa ,d u, nkSj esa ys tkrk gS] tks gesa vkilh lEcU/kksa dks lgkjk nsus yxsA xqfM+;k us lgkjk ysrs gq, cksyk] ^^eSa Bhd gw A cuk, j[kus vkSj vius y{;ksa dks kIr djus esa enn djrk gSA eq>s dqN ugha gqvkA** os lc tkurs Fks fd xqfM+;k us Mj dks blls gekjs ns'k dk fodkl vkSj xfr dks c<+kok feyrk gSA ikj fd;k gSA lHkh yksx vpafHkr gksdj cksy isM+ fd vjs! (iii) egkuxjksa esa c<+rs 'kkfiax ekWyksa dk le` fodkl vkt ds ,slk Hkh gksrk gS D;k\ fd dksbZ NksVh cPph jksyj dksLVj dh le; esa ,d eg oiw.kZ fo"k; cu pqdk gSA bu ekWyksa dk pkbZ ls Mjs uA mHkjrk gqvk fr"Bku O;f xr vkSj O;kikfjd nksuksa fn'kkvksa (v) lEiw.kZ l`f"V gh fr dh xksn esa clh gqbZ gSA le;≤ ij k frd vkinkvksa dk vkuk&tkuk Hkh yxk jgrk gSA bUgha esa gSA buds cuus dk eq[k dkj.k rks gekjh ;g pkg gS fd gesa k frd vkinkvksa esa ck<+ Hkh ,d xaHkhj k frd vkink gSA ,d gh LFkku ij lHkh lkeku fey tk,A gesa 'kkfiax ekWyksa esa tSls vU; k frd vkinkvksa ls Hkkjh tu&/ku dh gkfu gksrh fuEufyf[kr lqfo/kk, feyrh gSa gS mlh rjg ck<+ ls Hkh Hkkjh uqdlku gksrk gSA dHkh&dHkh (d) fofo/krk vkSj lqxerk% 'kkfiax ekWy esa fofHkUu czkaM~l vR;f/kd o"kkZ gksus ls] ufn;ksa esa vf/kd ikuh c<+ tkus ls ck /k ds fofHkUu oL=] migkj] jlksbZ?kj ds lkexzh] [kk|&inkFkZ] VwV tkrs gSaA bl fLFkfr esa ikuh dh xfr bruh c<+ tkrh gS fd jax&fcjaxs f[kykSus vkfn ,d LFkku ij miyC/k gksrs gSaA ;g euq";ksa dks l Hkyus dk ekSdk Hkh ugha fey ikrkA gt+kjksa QqV gesa fofo/krk ds vkuan ysus dk volj nku djrk gS vkSj gesa pkSM+h nhokj ds cjkcj ikuh dh ijr tc meM+ dj pyrh gS ,d LFkku ij lHkh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus dh lqxerk rks xk o ds xk o vkSj uxj ds uxj u"V gks tkrs gSaA ikuh dh bl nsrk gSA fouk'kyhyk dks gh ck<+ dgrs gSaA R;sd dk;Z ds ihNs dksbZ u ([k) euksjatu vkSj vkjkenk;d okrkoj.k% 'kkfiax ekWyksa esa dksbZ dkj.k gksrk gSA ck<+ vkus ds ihNs Hkh ,sls gh vusd dkj.k le; fcrkuk vkjkenk;d gksrk gSA ;gk gesa vPNh fi+GYesa] gSaA o`{kksa dh vU/kk/kqU/k dVkbZ bldk ,d eq[k dkj.k gSA xsfeax t+ksu] vkSj vU; euksjatu lEcfU/kr lqfo/kk, feyrh gSa] euq"; viuh vkfFkZd] lkekftd ,oa nSfud vko';drkvksa tks gekjs vkSj gekjs ifjokj ds lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk le; fcrkus dh iwfrZ gsrq taxy ds taxy dkV dj jgk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i dk et+k nsrh gSaA fr dk lUrqyu fcxM+ jgk gSA isM+ ikuh dk lUrqyu cuk, (x) O;f xr lapkj% 'kkfiax ekWy ,d lkekftd LFky ds :i j[kus vkSj viuh tM+ksa ls i`Foh ds uhps ls ikuh [khap dj esa Hkh dk;Z djrs gSa] tgk yksx vius nksLrksa vkSj ifjokj ds lw[ks dh fLFkfr esa Hkh i`Foh dks xhyh j[kus esa ;ksxnku nsrs lkFk le; fcrkrs gSa vkSj muds lkFk laokn djrs gSaA tc eSa gSaA blls o"kkZ lUrqfyr gksrh gS rFkk ck<+ ugha vkrhAA bldk vius ifjokj ds lkFk fdlh ekWy esa ?kweus tkrk gw ] rks lcls nwljk dkj.k gS fd fctyh mRiUu djus ds fy, rFkk ty vf/kd eq>s ogk dk euksjatu vkSj fofo/krk ilan vkrk gSA Hk.Mkj.k gsrq cgrh gqbZ ufn;ksa ij ck /k cuk fn, tkrs gSaA ;s gesa ogk fofHkUu czkaM~l dh fofo/k oLrqvksa dk p;u djus ck /k khjs& khjs ufn;ksa ds ty ds ?k"kZ.k ls det+ksj gks tkrs dk ekSdk feyrk gS] vkSj ge ogk vius pkgus okys vkbVe gSa rFkk /khjs&/khjs VwV tkrs gSa ftlls tyjkf'k rst+h ls cgdj [kjhnus dk vkuan ysrs gSaA ogk jsLrjka vkSj vPNh xq.ko kk ds y; dk :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gSA tula[;k o`f ] ck<+ ds Hkkstu dk Hkh vkuan fy;k tkrk gS vkSj vkjkenk;d okrkoj.k dksi dk ,d vU; eq[k dkj.k gSA ;fn Hkwfe ij vR;f/kd esa euksjatu ds fy, dbZ lqfo/kk, gksrh gSaA ncko iMrk gS rks kdfrd vkink, tSls ck<+] HkwdEi] lqukeh eSa dy vius ifjokj ds lkFk flVh ekWy ?kweus x;k ogk eq>s vkfn dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA ekSle p ds vuk;kl cPpksa ds f[kykSuksa us dki+Gh vkdf"kZr fd;k lkFk gh cPpksa ifjorZu Hkh ck<+ dks vkefU=r djrs gSaA vfro`f"V ls mFkyh ds diM+ksa us HkhA eSaus ml ekWy ls cPpksa ds f[kykSus&diM+s ufn;ksa dk ty Hkh fo'kky :i /kkj.k dj ysrk gSA ck<+ dk [kjhnsA Hkko vR;Ur Hk;kud gksrk gSA ck<+ ls i+Glysa u"V gks tkrh (iv) vjs! ,slk Hkh gksrk gS D;k\ ;g dgkuh gS ,d NksVs ls xk o gSa ftlls vdky iM+us dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA euq";ksa dh] tgk lcdks viuh ilan dh jksVh feyrh Fkh vkSj yksxksa }kjk cuk, x, lqn`<+ edku vkfn /oLr gks tkrs gSaA euq"; rFkk dk lkFk Hkh cgqr I;kjk FkkA ,d NksVh&lh cPph Fkh] uke Fkk i'kq&i{kh Hkh cs?kj gks tkrs gSaA xqfM+;kA og ges'kk fdlh u fdlh eLrh esa yxh jgrh FkhA ,d fnu xqfM+;k ds firkth us mls crk;k fd muds vPNs nksLr ck<+ esa taxy] igkM+] cfLr;k ty ls Hkj tkrh gSaA thotUrq ds 'kgj esa ,d cM+k esyk vk jgk gSA xqfM+;k us tc lquk rc ejdj lM+us yxrs gSaA ty iwjh rjg nwf"kr gks tkrk gSA mldh vk [kksa esa ped vk xbZA og [kq'kh ls ukpus yxh vkSj lhyu o lM+u ls thok.kq mRiUu gks tkrs gSa ftuls vusd vius firkth ls cM+h mEehn ls iwNh] D;k ge tk ldrs gSa dkj ds jksx gks tkrs gSaA pkjksa vkSj egkekjh QSy tkrh gS] firkth\ ^^firkth us g lrs gq, dgk] gk ] csVk] ge tk ldrs vikj /ku&tu dh gkfu gksrh gSA okLro esa ck<+ fr dh gSaA** xqfM+;k us [kq'kh ls mNy&dwn djrs gq, dgk] ^^okg! Hk;kog vkink gSA blls cpus ds fy, gesa gj lEHko ;kl ogk et+k vk,xk!** djus pkfg,A loZ Fke gesa isM+ksa dh dVkbZ ij l[rh ls esys ds fnu] xqfM+;k vkSj mldk ifjokj esys dh /kwe/kke esa jksd yxkuh pkfg,A ljdkj us Hkh bl vksj /;ku fn;k gSA O;Lr gks x,A ogk igq pdj mUgsa cM+h [kq'kh gqbZA yksx fofHkUu ^fpidks* vkUnksyu blh ;kl dk ifj.kke gSA ufn;ksa rFkk dkj ds [ksy&dwn vkSj vU; euksjatu dk vkuan ys jgs FksA rkykcksa ij vfr e.k ugha djuk pkfg,A ty ds Hk.Mkj.k ds 6 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ-] fgUnh, d{kk X fy, lqjf{kr ;kl djus pkfg,A ty fudklh dh leqfpr O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A bu lko/kkfu;ksa ds pyrs ge dqN gn rd ck<+ ds dksi ls cp ldrs gSaA Answer 2. (i) ijh{kk Hkou ubZ fnYyh fnukad 21 ekpZ] 20XX f ; jes'k] ueLrsA eq>s [kq'kh gS fd rqeus gky gh esa u, fo|ky; esa os'k fy;k gSA ;g ,d u;k vuqHko gksxk vkSj eSa rqEgsa c/kkbZ nsrk gw fd rqeus ;g eg oiw.kZ dne mBk;kA eq>s nq%[k gS fd rqEgsa dqN iqjkus fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds dkj.k leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA ;g tkudj nq%[k gqvk fd rqEgsa ,sls fo|kFkhZ ijs'kku dj jgs gSa fdUrq rqe fpark er djukA esjh lykg gS fd bl fLFkfr dk fgEeriwoZd lkeuk djksA /kS;Z vkSj le>nkjh ds lkFk vius m s';ksa dh vksj c<+ksA fdlh Hkh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk eqf'dy gks ldrk gS] ysfdu bldk eryc ;g ugha gS fd rqe gkj ekuksA /kS;Z vkSj lgkuqHkwfr ls] rqe lHkh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk dj ldrs gksA ;fn rqEgsa fdlh pht+ dh vko';drk gks ;k fdlh lykg dh t+:jr gks] rks eq>ls laidZ djuk er HkwyukA eSa ges'kk rqEgkjs lkFk gw vkSj rqEgkjh enn djus ds fy, rS;kj gw A esjh 'kqHkdkeuk, rqEgkjs lkFk gSaA viuk /;ku j[kuk] rqEgkjk fe= eukst (ii) ijh{kk Hkou ubZ fnYyh fnukad 21 ekpZ] 20XX f'k{kk foHkkx m kj ns'k fo"k;% xk o esa fLFkr fo|ky; dh vO;ofLFkr fLFkfr ds lEcU/k esaA ekuuh; f'k{kk ea=h th] eSa vkyksd] dkuiqj dk fuoklh gw A eSa vkidks bl i= ds ek/;e ls ,d eg oiw.kZ vkSj fparktud eq s ds ckjs esa lwfpr djuk pkgrk gw A kFkfed fo|ky; tks gekjs xk o esa fLFkr gS] dh orZeku fLFkfr cgqr gh fparktud gSA ;gk dh f'k{kk vkSj 'kklfud O;oLFkk esa dbZ dfe;k gSa tks fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh f'k{kk dks Hkkfor dj jgh gSaA dqN eq[; leL;k, fuEufyf[kr gSa% 1. v/;kidksa dh deh% fo|ky; esa v/;kidksa dh deh gS ftlls ikB; e le; ij iwjk ugha gks ik jgk gS vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks mudh f'k{kk esa xaHkhj vHkko gks jgk gSA 2. v/;kiu xq.ko kk dh deh% mu v/;kidksa dh tks 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld :i ls ;ksX;rk ugha j[krs gSa] mUgsa fu;qDr fd;k tk jgk gS] ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh v/;;u lkeF;Z ij vlj iM+ jgk gSA 3. v/;kiu ds lk/kuksa dh deh% fo|ky; esa f'k{kk ds fy, vko';d lk/kuksa dh deh gS] tSls fd iqLrdsa] ;ksx'kkyk lkexzh] vkSj v/;kiu dh lkexzhA 4. 'kSf{kd ca/ku dh deh% fo|ky; ds ca/ku esa O;oLFkk dh deh gS] tks fd f'k{kk vkSj 'kklfud dk;Z e dks leFkZu nku djus esa vleFkZ gSA ekuuh; ea=h th] eSa vkils vuqjks/k djrk gw fd vki bl ekeys dks xaHkhjrk ls ysdj mfpr dk;Zokgh djsa vkSj gekjs xk o esa f'k{kk ds Lrj dks lq/kkjus esa gekjh enn djsaA vk'kk gS fo|ky; dh fLFkfr dks lq/kkjus esa vkidk lf ; lg;ksx gesa kIr gksxkA vkils 'kh?kz dk;Zokgh dh vis{kk djrs gq,A /kU;oknA Hkonh; vkyksd Answer 3. (i) dacksfM;k (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) vkSj ykvksl nf{k.k iwohZ ,f'k;k esa fLFkr nks eg oiw.kZ ns'k gSaA igys bu nksuksa ns'kksa ds vkilh lEcU/k cgqr vPNs FksA ehdkax unh bu nksuksa ns'kksa (dacksfM;k vkSj ykvksl) ds fy, cgqr eg oiw.kZ Fkh D;ksafd ml unh ds ikuh ls gh mudh i+Glyksa dh flapkbZ gksrh Fkh blhfy, nksuksa ns'koklh ml unh dks iwtrs Hkh FksA ,d fnu vpkud egkRek cq ml LFkku ij igq p x, tgk dacksfM;k vkSj ykvksl nksuksa ns'kksa dh lsuk, ,d&nwljs ls yM+us ds fy, vkeus&lkeus [kM+h gks xb FkhaA ogk igq pdj egkRek cq us nksuksa ns'kksa ds jktkvksa] eaf=;ksa vkSj vU; vf kdkfj;ksa dks vius ikl le>kus ds fy, cqyk;k rkfd os vkil esa yM+kbZ u djsaA var esa dacksfM;k vkSj ykvksl nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp dh leL;k dks egkRek cq us viuh le>nkjh ls mUgsa ;g crkrs gq, lqy>k;k fd ;g unh nksuksa ns'kksa ds fy, leku eg o j[krh gSA lkFk gh euq";ksa dk jDr unh ds ikuh ls T+;knk eg oiw.kZ gSA bl dgkuh ls gesa ;g f'k{kk feyrh gS fd bl lalkj dh fdlh Hkh leL;k dk lek/kku ;q ugha gSA 'kkafr vkSj vfgalk ds ekxZ ij pydj ge fo'o dk dY;k.k dj ldrs gSa D;ksafd ;q ksa ls lnSo vusd dkj dh gkfu gh gksrh gSA Answer 4. (i) (b) fujkgkj O;k[;k% vkgkj dk foykse fujkgkj gksrk gSA (ii) (c) fnol&okj O;k[;k% fnu dk i;kZ;okph fnol vkSj okj gksrk gSA (iii) (d) dekbZ O;k[;k% dekuk dk Hkkookpd 'kCn dekbZ gSA (iv) (d) iFkjhyk O;k[;k% iRFkj 'kCn dk fo'ks"k.k iFkjhyk gksrk gSA (v) (b) ifrozrk O;k[;k% irhojrk 'kCn dk 'kq :i ifrozrk gSA (vi) (d) cgqr de varj gksuk O;k[;k% ^mUuhl&chl dk varj gksuk* eqgkojs dk vFkZ cgqr de varj gksuk gksrk gSA ( vii) (c) dbZ ckj ns'k dh j{kk ls tqM+s QSlys xksiuh; gksrs gSaA O;k[;k% ^xqIr j[kk tkuk* okD;ka'k ds fy, ^xksiuh;* 'kCn ;qDr gksrk gSA ( viii) (b) n'kk O;k[;k% jksxh dh fn'kk Bhd ugha gSA js[kkafdr 'kCn ds LFkku ij n'kk 'kCn dk iz;ksx mfpr gksxkA n'kk 'kCn voLFkk dk cks/k djkrk gS tcfd fn'kk 'kCn f{kfrt eaMy ds pkjksa Hkkxksa dk cks/k djkrk gSA Answsr 5. (i) ^eSaus* (ii) SECTION-B 'kCn ls ys[kd dh vksj ladsr fd;k x;k gSA og bl le; uSuhrky eas fdlh lM+d ds fdukjs csap ij cSBk gqvk gSA ^dkyh&lh ewfrZ* ,d xjhc yM+ds dh FkhA xjhc yM+dk uaxs iSj] uaxs flj] xksjs jax dk gS ij eSy&ls dkyk iM+ x;k gSA vk [ksa vPNh cM+h gSa ij lwuh gSaA gy iz'u&i= & 2024 (iii) ckyd ,d xk o dk jgus okyk Fkk tks 'kgj ls yxHkx 15 dksl nwj FkkA mlus vius rFkk vius ifjokj ds fo"k; esa crk;k fd og dbZ HkkbZ&cgu gSaA xk o esa firk csjkst+xkj gSa ftl dkj.k ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks Hkkstu Hkh ugha fey ikrkA blhfy, og ?kj NksM+dj 'kgj Hkkx vk;kA (iv) tSusa dqekj dh dgkuh ^viuk&viuk HkkX;* esa ys[kd us lkekftd fo"kerk dk ;FkkFkZ fp=.k fd;k gSA bl dgkuh esa ys[kd us lkekftd vlekurk ds fr rFkkdfFkr cqf thfo;ksa dh mis{kkiw.kZ mnklhurk ,oa vleFkZrk dh eukso`f k ij Hkh rh[kk O;aX; fd;k gSA izLrqr dgkuh esa ys[kd us crk;k gS fd ckyd dh lgk;rk le; ij ugha dh tkrh ftlds dkj.k og e`R;q dks izkaIr gks tkrk gSA ;fn mls le; ij enn fey tkrh rks og lekt dk ,d ft+Eesnkj ukxfjd gksus dh Hkwfedk vnk djrkA Answer 6. (i) mi;qZDr (ii) (iii) (iv) dFku ds oDrk csuh ek/ko flag th gSa tks xkSjhiqj xk o ds t+ehankj vkSj uacjnkj Fks rFkk Jksrk mudk cM+k csVk Jhdkar flag tks xzstq,V gS vkSj bykgkckn esa ukSdjh djrk gSA ^bu Hkkoksa dks rkM+ x,* dFku nksuksa csVksa vkSj cgw ds chp gksus okys >xM+s dks lquus vkus okys xk o ds yksxksa ds ckjs esa dgk x;k gS tks fdlh&u&fdlh cgkus csuh ek/ko flag th ds ?kj vk jgs Fks fdarq vuqHko dh deh vkSj >Yykus ds dkj.k mudk cM+k csVk Jhdkar ugha le> ldkA csuh ek/ko flag th ds NksVs csVs yky fcgkjh flag vkSj mldh HkkHkh vkuanh esa ?kh dks ysdj >xM+k gks x;k vkSj og >xM+k bruk c<+ x;k fd yky fcgkjh us [kM+k pykdj ekj fn;k ftlls vkuanh dk gkFk pksfVy gks x;kA blh vijk/k ij og i'pkrki dj jgk FkkA gk Jksrk (Jhdkar) us vius NksVs HkkbZ dks eki+G dj fn;kA Jhdkar dk n; ifjorZu vkuanh us mls le>k dj djk;k fd HkkbZ dk se vewY; gSA Answer 7. (i) Lrqr 7 (iii) ^vkBksa ;ke* dk vFkZ gj fnu] gj le; vFkkZr~ fr{k.k gksrk gSA dfo R;sd {k.k ;gh kFkZuk djrs gSa fd mudh efr dh xfr vo# u gksA (iv) thou esa vius y{; dks kIr djus ds fy, fujarj pyrs jguk vko';d gSA ;fn euq"; ds fny esa yxkrkj pyus dh pkg gh ugha jgs rks blds dbZ nq"ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA tSls og viuk y{; ugha kIr dj ik,xk] iwjs le; iNrkrk jgsxk vkSj nwljksa ds fy, vuqdj.kh; ugha gks ik,xk vkfnA Answer 9. (i) rqylhnkl (ii) (iii) (iv) th HkfDrdky ,oa lxq.k 'kk[kk ds dfo FksA rqylhnkl th jke ds vuU; HkDr FksA mUgsa fganh dkO; txr dk lw;Z dgk tkrk gSA Lrqr in esa ^xfr* 'kCn dk rkRi;Z eks{k ls gSA jke us xh/k dks mlds vkReR;kx vkSj 'kcjh dh Hkf Hkkouk ls lUu gksdj mUgsa eks{k nku fd;k FkkA foHkh"k.k jko.k ds HkkbZ FksA Hkq Jhjke us mUgsa yadk :ih og laink nku dh Fkh ftls jko.k us dfBu riL;k djds f'ko ls kIr fd;k FkkA ml laink dks nsrs le; Jh jke cgqr ladksp esa Fks fd eSaus bUgsa dqN fn;k gh ughaA rqylhnkl th dgrs gSa fd jke gh lcls mnkj gSa ftudh vkjk kuk ls eks{k kIr gksrk gS vr% ldy lq[k ikus dh dkeuk ftlds eu esa Hkh gks og lq[k ls jke dh vkjk/kuk djus ls kIr gks tkrk gS D;ksafd os ik fuf/k gSaA Answer 10. (i) es?k xk o (ii) (iii) esa ml le; vk, tc lHkh dks ;g fo'okl gks x;k Fkk fd bl o"kZ es?k ugha vk, xsA c;kj gok dk rhd gS mlds vkus ij xk o okys [kq'kh ls >we mBrs gSa vkSj vius&vius njokts+ ,oa f[kM+fd;ksa dks [kksydj es?k :ih esgeku dk n'kZu djus dks vkrqj gks tkrs gSaA isM+ xk o ds vke vkneh dk rhd gS tks esgeku dks ns[kus ds fy, mRlqd jgrk gSA /kwy Hkjh vk /kh xk o dh NksVh yM+dh dh rhd gSA unh fookfgrk L=h dk rhd gS tks vHkh Hkh inkZ djrh gSA Lrqr dfork ^es?k vk,* esa ekuohdj.k vyadkj dk ;ksx fd;k x;k gSA dfork esa olar rq dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA dfork esa crk;k x;k gS fd olar rq esa ioZrksa dh pksfV;ksa ij ci+GZ fi?kyus yxrh gSA [ksrksa vkSj ckxkuksa esa u;k thou vk tkrk gS vkSj rkt+xh Hkj tkrh gSA Qwy f[kyus yxrs gSa vkSj kjrh u, jax esa lt tkrh gSA dfork esa dbZ rjg ds fr r oksa ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS tks olar ds le; vkrs gSaA iafDr;k ';keydkar th dh iRuh }kjk vLirky ls ykSVus ij dgh xbZ gSaA (ii) Jksrk gfj}kj x;k Fkk D;ksafd mls vius vfHkUu fe= ckcw (iv) ';keydkar dh yM+dh ds fookg esa 'kkfey gksuk FkkA (iii) ikB esa of.kZr HkhM+ dk eq[; dkj.k tula[;k o`f gSA tula[;k o`f dk Hkko iwjs ns'k ij iM+rk gSA ns'k ds k frd lk/ku ;k nwljs lk/ku lhfer gksrs gSaA vf/kd tula[;k dk Hkko bu lk/kuksa ij iM+rk gSA jgus ds fy, edkuksa dh deh iM+ tkrh gSA yksxksa dks [kkus ds fy, vukt dh deh iM+ tkrh gSA ns'k esa csjkst+xkjh c<+rh tkrh gSA ns'k dk mRiknu turk ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k esa gh lekIr gks tkrk gSA Answer 11. bldk Hkko ns'k dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ij iM+rk gSA ns'k dh (i) firkth dks fny dk nkSjk iM+k Fkk ftl dkj.k MkWDVj us mUgsa vFkZO;oLFkk esa leL;k, [kM+h gks tkrh gaSA vLoLFk okrkoj.k] vkjke djus dh lykg nh FkhA jsy vkSj lM+d ij HkhM+ ds dkj.k nq?kZVuk, ] turk esa vuq'kklu (ii) dkj ls ehuw dh cqvk th vkSj muds ?kj ds yksx ehuw ds dh deh] lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij fu;e vkSj O;oLFkk dk ikyu firkth dks ns[kus ds fy, vk, Fks D;ksafd ehuw ds firkth dks u gksuk vkfn dk Hkko ns'k ij iM+rk gSA fny dk nkSjk iM+k FkkA (iv) bl HkhM+ ls cpus ds fy, tula[;k ij fu;a=.k ikuk vfr (iii) cqvk th tkrs&tkrs vius HkkbZ dks ehuw vkSj vk'kk nksuksa csfV;ksa vko';d gS vU;Fkk ge ,d fnu blh HkhM+ esa [kks tk, xsA dh 'kknh dj nsus dh lykg ns xbZA bl volj ij ,slh lykg ys[kd vius fe= dks bl HkhM+ ds jgL; dks blfy, ugha nsuk fdlh Hkh rjg Bhd ugha Fkk D;ksafd ehuw ds firkth vHkh le>kuk pkgrs Fks D;ksafd os Lo;a bl foink dks >sy jgs FksA Bhd Hkh ugha gq, Fks vkSj MkWDVjksa us muls ,slh ckrsa u djus dh Answer 8. (i) ^jkgh* dfo ;k dfo dh Hkk fr viuh eaft+y dh ryk'k djus lykg nh FkhA okyksa ds fy, ;qDr gqvk gS D;ksafd tks eaft+y dh ryk'k esa (iv) firkth }kjk ehuw dks 'kknh dk lq>ko nsus ij ehuw us mUgsa ;g gksrs gSa os ykHk&gkfu] vk'kk&fujk'kk dh fpark fd, fcuk vius dgdj le>k;k fd vxj eSaus 'kknh dj yh rks esjs odkyr y{; dh vksj vkxs c<+rs jgrs gSa vkSj mls kIr djrs gSaA dk liuk v/kwjk jg tk,xk vkSj ;g vkidks Hkh vPNk ugha (ii) dfo ds vuqlkj R;sd O;fDr dks [kksuk&ikuk] vk'kk&fujk'kk] yxsxkA ehuw us ,slk blfy, dgk D;ksafd og vius iSjksa ij g luk&jksuk vkfn vuqHkoksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA [kM+k gksuk pkgrh FkhA 8 vksloky vkbZ-lh-,l-bZ-] fgUnh, d{kk X (iv) ^laLdkjksa dh nklrk* vFkkZr iqjkuh /kfeZd ekU;rkvksa esa ca/k bl le; vius cpiu dh lgsyh uhfyek ls dj thou O;rhr djukA vk/kqfud ;qx esa gekjs fy, laLdkj feyus vkbZ gSA ehuw dh lgsyh uhfyek vius llqjky ls ls vf/kd eg oiw.kZ Hkkouk, gSA ysfdu ek vius iqjkus laLdokil vkbZ gSA blh dkj.k ehuw uhfyek ds ikl vkbZ gSA kjksa dh nklrk ls eqDr ugha gks ikrhA og la kafr dky dh ukjh (ii) bl le; ;gk uhfyek ds HkkbZ v'kksd ds fo"k; esa ckr gks jgh gS vkSj laLdkjksa ls c /kh gSA og kphu jhfr&fjokt+ksa ls ckgj gS D;ksafd og MkWDVjh i<+dj vesfjdk pyk x;k gS vkSj ogha ugha vk ikrhA cM+s csVs us ,d fotkrh; caxkyh yM+dh ds jg jgk gSA blhfy, ehuw dks mi;qZDr ckrsa dguh iM+hA lkFk se&fookg fd;k FkkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd mlus vfouk'k (iii) Lrqr iaf ;ksa ds vk/kkj ij ehuw dh pkfjf=d fo'ks"krk, dh iRuh dks viuh cgw ds :i esa Lohdkj ugha fd;k vkSj ;gh fuEufyf[kr gSa dkj.k Fkk fd og vius csVs ls Hkh nwj gks xbZA gekjs fopkj esa (d) ehuw ,d dq'ky vkSj lkglh odhy gSA og dM+d vkokt+ esa tkfr] /keZ] {ks=h;rk vFkok kphu laLdkj ekuo&fojks/kh ugha vdkV~; rdZ Lrqr djrh gSA gks ldrsA vius laLdkjksa ds uke ij gesa viuh larku ls nwj ([k) ehuw n`<+ bPNk 'kfDr'kkyh gSA og lekt esa O;kIr #f<+;ksa ds ugha gksuk pkfg,A f[kyki+G [kM+h gksrh gSA Answer 15. (x) ehuw ,d etcwr vkSj Lora= efgyk gSA og tksf[ke ysus ls (i) Lrqr iafDr;ksa dk oDrk (nq;ksZ/ku) gS tks /k`rjk"V dk iq= ugha Mjrh vkSj vius fo'okl ds fy, [kM+h gksrh gSA gS vkSj Jksrk (;qf/kf"Bj) gS tks ik pksa ikaMoksa esa lcls cM+s gSa (?k) ehuw ck/kkvksa dk lkeuk djus ds ckotwn vius liuksa dks iwjk ftUgsa /keZjkt ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA djus ds fy, lkgl vkSj n`<+ ladYi j[krh gSA (ii) oDrk (nq;ksZ/ku) i'pkrki ugha djuk pkgrk D;ksafd mls (iv) fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa vius ns'k ds ctk, fons'k esa f'k{kk kIr djus yxrk gh ugha fd mlus dksbZ iki fd;k gSA og vius i{k dh pkg ds dkj.k Hkfo"; esa ns'k dks vusd leL;kvksa dk esa rdZ nsrk gS fd eSaus vius eu ds Hkkoksa dks xqIr ugha j[kk] lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA tSls ns'k esa vPNs MkWDVjksa] eSaus "kM a= ugha fd;k] eSaus vius xq#tuksa dk o/k ugha fd;k v/;kidksa] bathuh;jksa] oSKkfudksa] O;kikfj;ksa dh deh gks vkfnA tk,xh vkSj ns'k xgjs ladV esa Mwc tk,xkA (iii) esjh n`f"V esa i'pkrki oDrk (nq;ksZ/ku) dks djuk pkfg, Fkk] Answer 13. u fd Jksrk ;qf/kf"Bj dks D;ksafd egkHkkjr dk ;q nq;ksZ/ku (i) ^nhnh* dgdj ehuw dks lacksf/kr fd;k x;k gSA oDrk (euksgj) vkSj 'kdquh ds dkj.k gh gqvk FkkA 'kdquh nq;ksZ/ku dk ekek jktw dk ppsjk HkkbZ gSA FkkA vxj 'kdquh u gksrk rks 'kk;n egkHkkjr dk ;q u gksrk (ii) ^le; dk Qsj* vPNs vkSj cqjs fnuksa ds vkus&tkus dks dgk vkSj u dq#{ks= dh /kjk ohjksa ds ygw ls yky gksrhA x;k gSA le; ds Qsj ls oDrk ds thou esa ,d rji+G ukSdjh (iv) Jksrk (;qf/kf"Bj) oDrk (nq;ksZ/ku) ds ikl mls ns[kus ds fy, feyus dh [kq'kh vkbZ rks nwljh rji+G daiuh esa ?kk;y gks tkus vk, Fks vkSj ;fn og fdlh ihM+k esa gks rks mldh ihM+k dks ds dkj.k og csjkst+xkj gks x;k FkkA de Hkh djuk pkgrs FksA var esa ;qf/kf"Bj for gq, vkSj mUgsa (iii) ^nhnh* us o k (euksgj) dh lgk;rk ml le; dh tc og nq;ksZ/ku dh bl ckr ij i'pkrki gqvk tc mlus dgk fd ;fn fnO;kax gks x;k FkkA ehuw ds eu esa fnO;kaxksa ds fy, ges'kk esjs firk va/ks ugha gksrs rks esjh ;g n'kk ugha gksrhA Lusg dk Hkko jgkA ehuw us viuh 'kknh esa gksus okys fQtwy Answer 16. [kpsZ esa ls ik p gt+kj #i, cpkdj euksgj ds fy, ,d iku (i) dFku ds oDrk nknk ewyjkt gSa tks lnSo ;g pkgrs gSa fd dh nqdku [kqyokdj mldh lgk;rk dhA mudk ifjokj ,d lkFk laxfBr gksdj oV o`{k dh Hkk fr jgsA (iv) mi;qZDr vorj.k esa nh xbZ iaf ;ksa ds vk/kkj ij ehuw us viuh (ii) mi;qZDr dFku dk Jksrk nknk ewyjkt dk e >yk yM+dk 'kknh esa gksus okys fQtwy [kpsZ esa ls ik p gt+kj #i, cpkdj deZpan gSA mlus vius firk ls dgk fd vc vius bl euksgj ds fy, ,d iku dh nqdku [kqyokdj mldh lgk;rk ifjokj :ih isM+ ls ,d Mkyh VwVdj vyx gks tk,xhA blh dhA blls ;g fl gksrk gS fd eqlhcr esa iM+s O;f dh ckr ij nknkth dks iwjh ckr dguh iM+hA lgk;rk djuk gh euq"; dk lcls cM+k /keZ vkSj drZO; gksrk (iii) ^uklwj* ,d ,slk ?kko gksrk gS ftlesa ls cjkcj eokn fudyrk gSA jgrk gS rFkk tks dHkh Hkjrk ugha gSA bl leL;k ds lek/kku Answer 14. ds fy, nknk us crk;k fd ?k`.kk dks ?k`.kk ls ugha feVk;k tk (i) mek dk vareZu dk ius yxk D;ksafd mek dh HkkHkh us mls ldrk mlds fy, se vko';d gSA vrqy ls nwj jgus okyh ckr dgh FkhA (iv) ^lw[kh Mkyh* lq fl ,dkadhdkj misU ukFk v'd th }kjk (ii) vrqy dks ns[kdj oDrk (mek) dks eksfguh&lh Nk xbZ Fkh fy[kh ,d ikfjokfjd i`"BHkwfe ij vk/kkfjr fl ,dkadh D;ksafd og mlls vR;f/kd Lusg djrh FkhA gSA ifjokj esa lHkh yksx fey&tqy dj jg jgs gSaA ifjokj esa (iii) ^laLdkj vkSj Hkkouk* ikB ds eqrkfcd] ek dk n; rc u, lnL; ds vk tkus ds dkj.k ls ifjokj esa gypy ep cnyrk gS tc ek dks irk yxk fd mldh cM+h cgw us mlds tkrh gSA ifjokj ds eqf[k;k nknk th us ifjokj dks ,dlw= cM+s csVs vfouk'k dh cgqr lsok dh gS vkSj gStk tSlh chekjh esa ck /k j[kk gSA os oV o`{k dh dgkuh ls Hkkfor gSa] tks ls mls cpk fy;k gS] rc mldk n; cny tkrk gS vkSj tc viuh Mkfy;ksa dks lkFk j[kus ds fy, dqN Hkh dj ldrk gSA mls irk pyrk gS fd vc vfouk'k dh cgw ej.kklUu gS] rks Mkfy;k lkFk jgrh gSa rks gjh&Hkjh jgrh gSaA isM+ ls vyx gksus cgw ds fr eerk vkSj Lusg tkxus ds dkj.k og vfouk'k ds ds ckn os lw[k tkrh gSaA mldk dksbZ otwn ugha jgrk gSA nknk ;gk tkus dks rS;kj gks tkrh gSA rc og dgrh gS] og fueZe th dh fLFkfr Hkh egku~ oV o`{k tSlh gSA ifjokj ds lHkh gS] ij eSa ek gw A eq>s fueZe ugha gksuk pkfg,A eSa mlds ikl lnL; mudh ckr ekurs gSa ysfdu tc ifjokj dks lkFk j[kus pyw xhA dh ckr vkrh gS rks os lcdks le>krs gSa vkSj ?kj ds lnL; dks blds ckn] okrkoj.k esa 'kkafr vkSj fLuX/krk vk tkrh gSA mek vyx gksus ls jksdrs gSaA os viuh fdlh Hkh Mkyh dks lw[kus dks iqLrd ds okD; ;kn vk tkrs gSa vkSj og QqlQqlkdj ugha nsuk pkgrs gSaA bl dkj lw[kh Mkyh ,dkadh dk 'kh"kZd dgrh gS] ftu ckrksa dk ge k.k nsdj Hkh fojks/k djus dks vkjaHk ls ysdj var rd lkFkZd gSA rS;kj jgrs gSa] ,d le; vkrk gS] rc pkgs fdlh dkj.k ls Hkh gks] ge mUgha ckrksa dks pqipki Lohdkj dj ysrs gSaA Answer 12. (i) oDrk (ehuw)
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