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Class 10 CBSE Notes 2017 : Biology

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Kencha KN
Christ University, Bengaluru
X - XII CAMS

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NUTRITION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS Nutrition includes the nutrients necessary for the growth, maintenance, and reproduction. All living organisms require food for their survival. There is a large variety of living organisms. These include Microorganisms, Plants and Animals. All living organisms perform activities. These include movement of limbs, respiration, digestion and circulation. Think? a. What gives us energy for performing various life processes? b. What happens when you work rigorously without having a meal? c. Does a non-living thing also need energy? MODES OF NUTRITION: Mode of nutrition helps to classify organisms that use simple raw materials or readymade complex material as their food. It shows different kind of relationship between organisms. Different habitats display these relationships in unique way. The living world has organisms that show mainly two modes of nutrition autotrophic and heterotrophic. Living organisms which can prepare their own food by the simplest raw materials available are called autotrophs and the mode of nutrition is known as autotrophic mode. On the other hand the organisms which depend on other living organisms for food are called heterotrophs and the mode of nutrition is called heterotrophic. While plants prepare their own food from raw materials like carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight, humans prepare their food from plant products or animal products by different ways of cooking. These are boiling, frying, roasting and steaming. Autotrophic mode of nutrition: Autotrophs use carbon dioxide from air and water from soil to convert it to glucose and oxygen. It is observed in all plants, alga and some bacteria. Two types of autotrophs are a. Photo-autotrophs- These organisms derive their energy from sunlight. For exampleGreen Plants. b. Chemo-autotrophs- These organisms use chemical energy. For example-Nitrifying bacteria Is it not a wonder to know that plants can prepare their food with the help of air, water and sunlight? What is the special feature present in the plants that makes this happen? CLASS 7 WWW.SCHOLAR-MINDS.COM 1

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