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ISC Class XII Board Exam 2017 : Environmental Science Paper 1 (Theory)

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ISC 12th
Indian School Certificate Examination (ISC), New Delhi

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PAPER 1 (THEORY) (Maximum Marks: 70) (Time allowed: Three hours) (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must NOT start writing during this time.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Answer Question 1 (compulsory) from Part I and five questions from Part II, choosing at least one question from each of the Sections A, B and C. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ]. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PART I (20 Marks) Answer all questions. Question 1 (i) Name any two ways by which a country can acquire carbon credits. [2] (ii) Give any two ways to achieve local self-sufficiency. [2] (iii) What is meant by ecological foot print? [2] (iv) Differentiate between copyright and trade secret. [2] (v) Distinguish between the two schools of thought based on Marx s view on environment. [2] (vi) Give any two examples of ex-situ conservation. Also, name any two biosphere reserves of India. [2] (vii) Name any four types of traditional rain water harvesting systems. [2] (viii) Explain briefly any two biological indicators of soil quality. [2] (ix) What are bio-fertilizers? Give any two examples of bio-fertilizers. [2] (x) Give two ways by which women s employment regulates population. [2] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------This paper consists of 3 printed pages and 1 blank page. 1217-877 Copyright reserved. Turn over PART II (50 Marks) Answer five questions in all, choosing at least one question from each of the Sections A, B, and C. SECTION A Question 2 (a) What is Greenpeace? What is its mission statement? When and where was it founded? Give four main objectives of the organization. [6] (b) Briefly explain Barry Commoner s Laws of Ecology. [4] Question 3 (a) Define water pollution. Name any four sources of water pollution. Discuss how the quality of water can be indicated by each of the following: (i) pH level (ii) Electrical conductivity [6] (iii) Turbidity (iv) Temperature (b) Which Act was passed by the Government to safeguard the relationship between the tribal communities and their surroundings? Enumerate any three rights safeguarded by this Act. [4] Question 4 (a) What is meant by the age structure of a population? Discuss any four factors that have an impact on the birth rate of the population. [6] (b) Discuss the two types of population growth curve. Illustrate your answer with a suitable graphical representation. [4] SECTION B Question 5 (a) What is meant by new urbanism? Discuss any four features of new urbanism. [6] (b) What is mono-cropping? Give three advantages and three disadvantages of mono-cropping [4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 1217-877 Question 6 (a) How was colonial agriculture different from pre-colonial agriculture? Discuss three negative impacts and two positive impacts of colonial agriculture. [6] (b) Discuss any four reasons why a different approach is needed to ensure food security in the Third World Countries. [4] Question 7 (a) Write a short note on Cuba a sustainable country. [6] (b) Explain in detail any four ways by which sustainability can be attained in the field of agriculture. [4] SECTION C Question 8 (a) What is meant by Globalization? Discuss any six advantages of globalization. Also, give four impacts of globalization on the environment. [6] (b) TNCs have a detrimental effect on the environment . Justify this statement by discussing any four ways in which TNCs play a negative role. [4] Question 9 (a) What is Cost-benefit analysis? Give three advantages and three disadvantages of Cost-benefit analysis. [6] (b) Which trade was banned by CITES in 1989? Discuss any three effects of this ban. [4] Question 10 (a) What is meant by ecosystem services? Classify the ecosystem services and explain any two in detail. [6] (b) Mention any four ozone depleting substances and give one source for each one of them. Also, give four impacts of ozone depletion. [4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1217-877

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