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GATE 2014 : Biotechnology

12 pages, 65 questions, 15 questions with responses, 28 total responses,

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GATE 2014 Examination BT: Biotechnology Duration: 180 minutes Maximum Marks: 100 Read the following instructions carefully. 1. To login, enter your Registration Number and password provided to you. Kindly go through the various symbols used in the test and understand their meaning before you start the examination. 2. Once you login and after the start of the examination, you can view all the questions in the question paper, by clicking on the View All Questions button in the screen. 3. This question paper consists of 2 sections, General Aptitude (GA) for 15 marks and the subject specific GATE paper for 85 marks. Both these sections are compulsory. The GA section consists of 10 questions. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1-mark each, while question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2-mark each. The subject specific GATE paper section consists of 55 questions, out of which question numbers 1 to 25 are of 1-mark each, while question numbers 26 to 55 are of 2-mark each. 4. Depending upon the GATE paper, there may be useful common data that may be required for answering the questions. If the paper has such useful data, the same can be viewed by clicking on the Useful Common Data button that appears at the top, right hand side of the screen. 5. The computer allotted to you at the examination center runs specialized software that permits only one answer to be selected for multiple-choice questions using a mouse and to enter a suitable number for the numerical answer type questions using the virtual keyboard and mouse. 6. Your answers shall be updated and saved on a server periodically and also at the end of the examination. The examination will stop automatically at the end of 180 minutes. 7. In each paper a candidate can answer a total of 65 questions carrying 100 marks. 8. The question paper may consist of questions of multiple choice type (MCQ) and numerical answer type. 9. Multiple choice type questions will have four choices against A, B, C, D, out of which only ONE is the correct answer. The candidate has to choose the correct answer by clicking on the bubble ( ) placed before the choice. 10. For numerical answer type questions, each question will have a numerical answer and there will not be any choices. For these questions, the answer should be enteredby using the virtual keyboard that appears on the monitor and the mouse. 11. All questions that are not attempted will result in zero marks. However, wrong answers for multiple choice type questions (MCQ) will result in NEGATIVE marks. For all MCQ questions a wrong answer will result in deduction of marks for a 1-mark question and marks for a 2-mark question. 12. There is NO NEGATIVE MARKING for questions of NUMERICAL ANSWER TYPE. 13. Non-programmable type Calculator is allowed. Charts, graph sheets, and mathematical tables are NOT allowed in the Examination Hall. You must use the Scribble pad provided to you at the examination centre for all your rough work. The Scribble Pad has to be returned at the end of the examination. Declaration by the candidate: I have read and understood all the above instructions. I have also read and understood clearly the instructions given on the admit card and shall follow the same. I also understand that in case I am found to violate any of these instructions, my candidature is liable to be cancelled. I also confirm that at the start of the examination all the computer hardware allotted to me are in proper working condition . GATE 2014 SET- 2 General Aptitude -GA Q. 1 Q. 5 carry one mark each. Q.1 Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following sentence. A person suffering from Alzheimer s disease (A) experienced (C) is experiencing Q.2 short-term memory loss. (B) has experienced (D) experiences Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following sentence. (A) Contentment Q.3 (B) Ambition 20 14 ) ____________ is the key to their happiness; they are satisfied with what they have. (C) Perseverance (D) Hunger Which of the following options is the closest in meaning to the sentence below? As a woman, I have no country. E (A) Women have no country. (B) Women are not citizens of any country. (C) Women s solidarity knows no national boundaries. (D) Women of all countries have equal legal rights. In any given year, the probability of an earthquake greater than Magnitude 6 occurring in the Garhwal Himalayas is 0.04. The average time between successive occurrences of such earthquakes is ____ years. Q.5 The population of a new city is 5 million and is growing at 20% annually. How many years would it take to double at this growth rate? (B) 4-5 years (C) 5-6 years (D) 6-7 years 02 (A) 3-4 years (G AT Q.4 Q. 6 Q. 10 carry two marks each. In a group of four children, Som is younger to Riaz. Shiv is elder to Ansu. Ansu is youngest in the group. Which of the following statements is/are required to find the eldest child in the group? Statements 1. Shiv is younger to Riaz. 2. Shiv is elder to Som. G A Q.6 (A) Statement 1by itself determines the eldest child. (B) Statement 2 by itself determines the eldest child. (C) Statements 1 and 2 are both required to determine the eldest child. (D) Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to determine the eldest child. GA 1/2 GATE 2014 Q.7 SET- 2 General Aptitude -GA Moving into a world of big data will require us to change our thinking about the merits of exactitude. To apply the conventional mindset of measurement to the digital, connected world of the twenty-first century is to miss a crucial point. As mentioned earlier, the obsession with exactness is an artefact of the information-deprived analog era. When data was sparse, every data point was critical, and thus great care was taken to avoid letting any point bias the analysis. From BIG DATA Viktor Mayer-Schonberger and Kenneth Cukier The main point of the paragraph is: Q.8 20 14 ) (A) The twenty-first century is a digital world (B) Big data is obsessed with exactness (C) Exactitude is not critical in dealing with big data (D) Sparse data leads to a bias in the analysis The total exports and revenues from the exports of a country are given in the two pie charts below. The pie chart for exports shows the quantity of each item as a percentage of the total quantity of exports. The pie chart for the revenues shows the percentage of the total revenue generated through export of each item. The total quantity of exports of all the items is 5 lakh tonnes and the total revenues are 250 crore rupees. What is the ratio of the revenue generated through export of Item 1 per kilogram to the revenue generated through export of Item 4 per kilogram? Exports Item 5 12% (A) 1:2 E Item 3 19% (B) 2:1 Item 6 19% Item 1 12% Item 2 20% Item 5 20% Item 4 6% (C) 1:4 Item 3 23% (D) 4:1 A X is 1 km northeast of Y. Y is 1 km southeast of Z. W is 1 km west of Z. P is 1 km south of W. Q is 1 km east of P. What is the distance between X and Q in km? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 2 10% of the population in a town is HIV+. A new diagnostic kit for HIV detection is available; this kit correctly identifies HIV+ individuals 95% of the time, and HIV individuals 89% of the time. A particular patient is tested using this kit and is found to be positive. The probability that the individual is actually positive is _______ G Q.10 Item 2 20% 02 Item 4 22% Q.9 Item 1 11% (G AT Item 6 16% Revenues END OF THE QUESTION PAPER GA 2/2 GATE 2014 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT Q. 1 Q. 25 carry one mark each. Q.1 1 The eigenvalues of = 2 (A) 2 i 4 are 3 (B) -1, -2 (C) -1 2i (D) non-existent Q.2 If an unbiased coin is tossed 10 times, the probability that all outcomes are same will be ___ x10-5 Q.3 The solution for the following set of equations is, 20 14 ) 5 + 4 + 10 = 13 + 3 + = 7 4 2 + = 0 (A) x=2, y=1, z=1 (B) x=1, y=2, z=0 (C) x=1, y=0, z=2 Q.4 The limit of the function 2 ( ) as t , is _____ The solution to the following set of equations is 2 + 3 = 4 4 + 6 = 0 (A) x=0, y=0 (C) 4x= -6y (D) No solution The unit for specific substrate consumption rate in a growing culture is (A) (C) (B) (D) If the dissociation constant for solute-adsorbent binding is , the retention time of the solute in a chromatography column (A) increases with increasing (B) decreases with increasing (C) passes through minimum with increasing (D) is independent of BT Q.7 (B) x=2, y=0 (G Q.6 AT E Q.5 (D) x=0, y=1, z=2 Q.8 In a batch culture of Penicillium chrysogenum, the maximum penicillin synthesis occurs during the (A) lag phase (B) exponential phase (C) stationary phase (D) death phase BT 1/9 GATE 2014 Q.9 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT The most plausible explanation for a sudden increase of the respiratory quotient (RQ) of a microbial culture is that (A) cells are dying (B) yield of biomass is increasing (C) the fermentation rate is increasing relative to respiration rate (D) the maintenance rate is decreasing Which of the following is employed for the repeated use of enzymes in bioprocesses? (A) polymerization Q.11 (B) immobilization (C) ligation (D) isomerization Since mammalian cells are sensitive to shear, scale-up of a mammalian cell process must consider, among other parameters, the following (given N = rotations/time, D=diameter of impeller) 20 14 ) Q.10 (B) 2 (A) Q.12 (C) 2 Q.13 Gram-positive bacteria are generally resistant to complement-mediated lysis because (D) none of these The degree of reduction of ethanol is _______ AT E (A) thick peptidoglycan layer prevents insertion of membrane attack complex into the inner membrane (B) Gram-positive bacteria import the membrane attack complex and inactivate it (C) membrane attack complex is degraded by the proteases produced by the Gram-positive bacteria (D) Gram-positive bacteria cannot activate the complement pathway A bacterium belonging to cocci group has a diameter of 2 m. The numerical value of the ratio of its surface area to volume (in m 1) is ________ Q.15 Which of the following essential element(s) is/are required as major supplement to enhance the bioremediation of oil spills by the resident bacteria? (G Q.14 (A) Sulfur (C) Iron (D) Carbon The 4-amino or 4-keto group of pyrimidine bases is located in the BT Q.16 (B) Nitrogen and phosphorus (A) major groove of the double stranded DNA (B) minor groove of the double stranded DNA (C) minor groove of the B form DNA but not the A form DNA (D) major groove of the B form DNA but not the A form DNA Q.17 The product(s) resulting from the hydrolysis of maltose is/are (A) a mixture of -D-Glucose and -D-Glucose (B) a mixture of D-Glucose and L-Glucose (C) -D-Glucose only (D) -D-Glucose only BT 2/9 GATE 2014 Q.18 SET-1 Amino acid residue which is most likely to be found in the interior of water-soluble globular proteins is (A) Threonine Q.19 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT (B) Aspartic acid (C) Valine (D) Histidine The 5 ends of the mature forms of the prokaryotic mRNAs and tRNAs are (A) a triphosphate group in mRNAs and a monophosphate group in tRNAs (B) triphosphate groups in both mRNAs and tRNAs (C) monophosphate groups in both mRNAs and tRNAs (D) a monophosphate group in mRNAs and a triphosphate group in tRNAs Prior exposure of plants to pathogens is known to increase resistance to future pathogen attacks. This phenomenon is known as 20 14 ) Q.20 (A) systemic acquired resistance (C) innate immunity Q.21 (B) hypersensitive response (D) antibody mediated response Reactions between antibodies and antigens that are detected by precipitate formation in an agar gel are referred as (A) immunoprecipitation assay (C) immunoaggregation assay (D) immunofixation assay The algorithm for BLAST is based on (A) Dynamic Programming Q.23 (D) Neural Network The statistical frequency of the occurrence of a particular restriction enzyme cleavage site that is 6 bases long can be estimated to be (G (A) once every 24 bases (C) once every 1024 bases Q.24 (B) Hidden Markov Model AT (C) k-tuple analysis E Q.22 (B) immunodiffusion assay (B) once every 256 bases (D) once every 4096 bases The reactions leading to the formation of amino acids from the TCA cycle intermediates are (B) isomerization (C) transamination (D) decarboxylation BT (A) carboxylation Q.25 The growth medium for mammalian cells contains serum. One of the major functions of serum is to stimulate cell growth and attachment. However, it must be filter sterilized to (A) remove large proteins (B) remove collagen only (C) remove mycoplasma and microorganisms (D) remove foaming agents BT 3/9 GATE 2014 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT Q. 26 Q. 55 carry two marks each. Q.26 The concentration profile of a chemical at a location x and time t, denoted by ( , ), changes as per the following equation, ( , ) = 0 2 [ 2 ] 2 where 0 are assumed to be constant. Which of the following is correct? (C) Q.27 = 2 2 2 2 = (B) 2 2 If = , then (A) ( 1) (E) is 2 2 2 2 2 = 2 2 2 (D) (1 + ) Which of the following statements is true for the series given below? (C) 1 1 converges to exp( n) 2 + 3 (B) (D) (G The graph of the function ( ) = 1 2 + 2 +1 (B) + 4 + + 1 converges to n diverges for 0 < x < is (C) (D) BT (A) 1 E converges to log( n) = 1 + AT (A) Q.29 = (B) 1 (C) (1 + ) Q.28 20 14 ) (A) Q.30 BT A T-flask is seeded with 105 anchorage-dependent cells. The available area of the T-flask is 25 cm2 and the volume of the medium is 25 ml. Assume that the cells are rectangles of size 5 m 2 m. If the cells grow to monolayer confluence after 50 h, the growth rate in number of cells/(cm2.h) is ____ x105. 4/9 GATE 2014 Q.31 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT Consider a continuous culture provided with a sterile feed containing 10 mM glucose. The steady state cell density and substrate concentration at three different dilution rates are given in the table below. Dilution rate (h-1) 0.05 0.5 5 Cell density (g L-1) 0.248 0.208 0 Substrate concentration (mM) 0.067 1.667 10 The maximum specific growth rate m (in h 1), will be _____. Cholera toxin increases cAMP levels by (A) (B) (C) (D) modifying Gi protein modifying Gs protein binding to adenylate cyclase activating cAMP phosphodiesterase 20 14 ) Q.32 Triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxy acetone phosphate (DHAP) to glyceraldehyde-3phosphate (G-3-P) in a reversible reaction. At 298 K and pH 7.0, the equilibrium mixture contains 40 mM DHAP and 4 mM G-3-P. Assume that the reaction started with 44 mM DHAP and no G-3-P. The standard free-energy change in kJ/mol for the formation of G-3-P [R = 8.315 J/mol.K] is _________. Q.34 The plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction digestion using the enzyme EcoRI and analysed on an agarose gel. Assuming digestion has worked (the enzyme was active), match the identity of the DNA bands shown in the image in Group I with their identity in Group II. BT (G AT E Q.33 Group I Group II P. Bands labeled as A Q. Band labeled as B R. Band labeled as C S. Band labeled as D 1. Nicked 2. Supercoiled 3. Concatemers 4. Linear (A) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4 (C) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2 BT (B) P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2 (D) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 5/9 GATE 2014 Q.35 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT In a relatively large but finite and closed population of sexually reproducing diploid organisms, the frequency of homozygous genotype PP changes from 0.40 to 0.50 and that of pp changes from 0.40 to 0.41 in a span of 10 generations. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the above change in frequency of the PP genotype? (A) Non-random mating (C) Selection (D) Combination of non-random mating and random genetic drift Topological winding number of a 2.0 kb covalently closed circular DNA was found to be 191 with a writhing number of -4. Hence, its LINKING NUMBER and the NUMBER OF BASE PAIR PER TURN when the molecule is laid flat on the surface is _______ and_________, respectively. (A) 187, 10.69 Q.37 Q.38 (B) 195, 10.25 (C) 200, 10.00 (D) 187, 10.50 Consider a population of 10,000 individuals, of which 2500 are homozygotes (PP) and 3000 are heterozygotes (Pp) genotype. The frequency of allele p in the population is _________ . Match the following photoreceptors with their prosthetic groups and spectral specificity Moiety that absorbs light 1. Chromobilin 2. FAD 3. FMN Absorption (nm) a. 400-500 b. 600-800 c. 500-600 E Photoreceptor P. Phototropin Q. Cryptochrome R. Phytochrome (A) P-3-a, Q-2-a, R-1-b (B) P-1-b, Q-1-a, R-3-b (D) P-2-c, Q-1-c, R-1-a AT (C) P-3-a, Q-1-a, R-1-c Q.39 20 14 ) Q.36 (B) Random genetic drift Match the following plant sources with their secondary metabolites and medical uses Secondary metabolites 1. Menthol 2. Atropine 3. Digitalin 4. Taxol (G Source plant P. Belladona Q. Foxglove R. Pacific yew S. Eucalyptus Medical use a. Cancer treatment b. Heart disease c. Eye examination d. Cough (B) P-3-c, Q-2-a, R-1-d, S-4-b (C) P-2-c, Q-4-b, R-1-a, S-3-d (D) P-1-b, Q-4-c, R-2-d, S-3-a BT (A) P-2-c, Q-3-b, R-4-a, S-1-d Q.40 The pungency of mustard seeds is primarily due to secondary metabolites such as isothiocyanate and nitrile. The pungency is usually felt only when the seeds are crushed. This is because of (A) the coat of the intact seeds blocks the pungent volatiles from being released (B) the pungent chemicals are stored as inactive conjugates and compartmentalized from the enzymes that convert them into active chemicals (C) the pungent chemicals are formed only after the reaction with atmospheric oxygen (D) the pungent chemicals are formed only after the reaction with atmospheric carbondioxide Q.41 BT In a mouse genome, the numbers of functional V , J , V , D , J gene segments are 79, 38, 21, 2 and 11, respectively. The total number of possible combinations for T cell receptors are _____x106. 6/9 GATE 2014 Q.42 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT The percentage SIMILARITIES and IDENTITIES, respectively, between the two peptide sequences given below will be ______% and _____%. Peptide I : Ala-Ala-Arg-Arg-Gln-Trp-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Lys-Ile-Met-Ser-Glu Peptide II: Ala-Ala-Arg-Glu-Gln-Tyr-Ile-Ser-Phe-Thr-Lys-Ile-Met-Arg-Asp (A) 80, 80 (B) 80, 60 (C) 60, 60 (D) 90, 60 In an affine gap penalty model, if the gap opening penalty is -20, gap extension penalty is -4 and gap length is 8, the gap score is _________. Q.44 For their efficient translation, eubacterial mRNAs possess a Shine-Dalgarno sequence for its recognition by an anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence (ASD) in the ribosomes. The correct statement is 20 14 ) Q.43 (A) ASD is present in 5S rRNA (B) ASD is present in 23S rRNA (C) ASD is present in 16S rRNA (D) ASD is formed by the interaction of the 16S rRNA with the 23S rRNA upon docking of the 50S subunit on the 30S subunit of the ribosomes Match the items in Group I with Group II Group I Receptor tyrosine kinase Cyclic GMP (cGMP) GTPase activating protein (GAP) Nuclear receptor 1 2 3 4 Group II Inactivation of G-proteins Reception of insulin signal Thyroid hormone Receptor guanylyl cyclase AT P Q R S E Q.45 (A) P-1, Q-3, R-4, S-2 (C) P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2 (D) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3 Match the immunoglobulin class in Group I with its properties in Group II (G Q.46 (B) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1 Group I BT P. IgG Q. IgA R. IgE S. IgM Group II 1. Major antibody in external secretions such as bronchial mucus 2. Protects against parasites 3. Antibody that appears first in serum after exposure to an antigen 4. Antibody present in highest concentration in serum (A) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 (C) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2 BT (B) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4 (D) P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2 7/9 GATE 2014 Q.47 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT In a genetic cross between the genotypes WWXX and wwxx, the following phenotypic distributions were observed among the F2 progeny: WX, 562; wx, 158; Wx, 38; and wX, 42. Likewise, a cross between XXYY and xxyy yielded the following results: XY, 675; xy, 175; Xy, 72; and xY, 78. Similarly, a cross between WWYY and wwyy yielded: WY, 292; wy, 88; Wy, 12; and wY, 8. In all the genotypes, capital letters denote the dominant allele. Assume that the F1 progeny were self-fertilized in all three crosses. Also, double cross-over does not occur in this species. Which of the following is correct? The length of the minimum unique stretch of DNA sequence that can be found only once in a 3 billion base pairs long genome is (A) 14 Q.49 (B) 15 (D) 18 Lysine is being produced in a lab-scale reactor by a threonine auxotroph. After 2 weeks of operation it was observed that the concentration of lysine in the reactor was gradually decreasing. Microbiological assays of reactor samples showed absence of contamination and recorded data showed no change in the operating conditions. The most probable reason for decrease in lysine concentration may be attributed to (A) accumulation of ethanol (B) growth of revertants (D) unutilized phosphoenol pyruvate AT (C) production of citric acid Q.50 (C) 16 E Q.48 20 14 ) (A) Relative position: W-X-Y Distances: W-X = 5 map units, X-Y = 17 map units (B) Relative position: X-Y-W Distances: X-Y = 15 map units, Y-W = 11 map units (C) Relative position: Y-W-X Distances: Y-W = 5 map units, W-X = 11 map units (D) Relative position: X-W-Y Distances: X-W = 5 map units, W-Y = 10 map units If a plant is shifted to cold temperature, which of the following changes would take place in its membrane? If protoplasts are placed in distilled water, they swell and burst as a result of endosmosis. The plot representing the kinetics of burst is BT Q.51 (G (A) Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would increase (B) Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would decrease (C) Absolute amount of both fatty acids would increase keeping the ratio same (D) Absolute amount of both fatty acids would remain unchanged BT 8/9 GATE 2014 Q.52 SET-1 BIOTECHNOLOGY BT Which of the following statements with respect to the orientation of the nitrogenous bases to the pentose sugars, and the puckering of the sugar, is correct? (A) Anti, and 2 -endo in A form DNA (C) Syn, and 3 -endo in A form DNA Q.53 (B) Anti, and 2 -endo in B form DNA (D) Syn, and 3 -endo in B form DNA A dioecious plant has XX sexual genotype for female and XY for male. After double fertilization, what would be the genotype of the embryos and endosperms? Q.54 The amino acid substitution matrices in decreasing order of stringency for comparing protein sequences are (A) PAM250, PAM120, PAM100 (B) PAM100, PAM120, PAM250 (C) PAM250, PAM100, PAM120 (D) PAM120, PAM250, PAM100 The active site in the alpha/beta barrel structures is usually located E Q.55 20 14 ) (A) 100% ovules will have XXX endosperm and XX embryo (B) 100% ovules will have XXY endosperm and XY embryo (C) 50% ovules will have XYY endosperm and XY embryo, while other 50% will have XXY endosperm and YY embryo (D) 50% ovules will have XXX endosperm and XX embryo, while the other 50% will have XXY endosperm and XY embryo (B) at the amino side of the strands AT (A) inside the barrel (D) at any arbitrary site (G (C) at the carboxy side of the strands BT END OF THE QUESTION PAPER BT 9/9

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