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CBSE Class 12 Board Exam 2020 : Economics (Series 2)

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H$moS> Z . Code No. amob Z . 58/2/1 narjmWu H$moS >H$mo C ma-nwp VH$m Ho$ _wI-n >na Ad ` {bIo & Roll No. Candidates must write the Code on the title page of the answer-book. (I) ZmoQ> H $n`m Om M H$a b| {H$ Bg Z-n _o _w{ V n > 19 h & (II) Z-n _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE H$moS >Z ~a H$mo N>m C ma-nwp VH$m Ho$ _wI-n > na {bI| & (III) H $n`m Om M H$a b| {H$ Bg Z-n _| >34 Z h & H $n`m Z H$m C ma {bIZm ew $ H$aZo go nhbo, C ma-nwp VH$m _| Z H$m H $_m H$ Ad ` {bI| & Bg Z-n H$mo n T>Zo Ho$ {bE 15 {_ZQ >H$m g_` {X`m J`m h & Z-n H$m {dVaU nydm _| 10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>m Ho$db Z-n H$mo n T>|Jo Am a Bg Ad{Y Ho$ Xm amZ do C ma-nwp VH$m na H$moB C ma Zht {bI|Jo & (IV) (V) NOTE (I) Please check that this question paper contains 19 printed pages. (II) Code number given on the right hand side of the question paper should be written on the title page of the answer-book by the candidate. (III) Please check that this question paper contains 34 questions. (IV) Please write down the Serial Number of the question in the answer-book before attempting it. (V) 15 minute time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question paper will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to 10.30 a.m., the students will read the question paper only and will not write any answer on the answer-book during this period. AW em (g mp VH$) ECONOMICS (Theory) {ZYm [aV g_` : 3 K Q>o A{YH$V_ A H$ : 80 Time allowed : 3 hours .58/2/1 Maximum Marks : 80 1 P.T.O. gm_m ` {ZX}e : {Z Z{b{IV {ZX}em| H$mo ~h V gmdYmZr go n{ T>E Am a CZH$m g Vr go nmbZ H$s{OE : (i) Bg Z-n | Xmo I S> h H$ Am a I & g^r Z A{Zdm h & (ii) Z g m 1 go 10 Am a 18 go 27 A{V bKw-C mar H$ma Ho$ Z h , oH$ Z 1 A H$ H$m h & BZH$m C ma EH$ e X m EH$ dm | Xr{OE & (iii) Z g m 11 Am a 12 Am a 28 Am a 29 bKw-C mar H$ma Ho$ Z h , oH$ Z 3 A H$m| H$m h & BZH$m C ma bJ^J 60 go 80 e Xm| | Xr{OE & (iv) Z g m 13 go 15 Am a 30 go 32 ^r bKw-C mar H$ma Ho$ Z h , oH$ Z 4 A H$m| H$m h & BZH$m C ma bJ^J 80 go 100 e Xm| | Xr{OE & (v) Z g m 16 Am a 17 Am a 33 Am a 34 XrK -C mar H$ma Ho$ Z h , oH$ Z 6 A H$m| H$m h & BZH$m C ma bJ^J 100 go 150 e Xm| | Xr{OE & (vi) C ma g {j V VWm q~X dma hmoZo Mm{hE Am a gmW hr Cn`w V e X gr m H$m Wmg ^d nmbZ H$s{OE & (vii) Z-n _| H$moB g J {dH$ n Zht h & VWm{n, EH$-EH$ A H$ dmbo Xmo Zm| |, VrZ-VrZ A H$m| dmbo Xmo Zm| |, Mma-Mma A H$m| dmbo Xmo Zm| | Am a N> -N> A H$m| dmbo Xmo Zm| | Am V[aH$ {dH$ n {XE JE h & Eogo Zm| | Ho$db EH$ hr {dH$ n H$m C ma Xr{OE & (viii) BgHo$ A{V[a V, Amd H$VmZwgma, oH$ I S> Am a Z Ho$ gmW Wmo{MV {ZX}e {XE JE h & I S> H$ (g_{ Q> AW em ) 1. {X {H$gr AW d Wm H$s g nyU A{V[a V Am H$m Cn^moJ {H$ m OmVm h , Vmo {Zdoe JwUH$ H$m y _________ hmoJm & (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) (A) ey (0) (B) An[a^m{fV (C) EH$ (1) (D) Xg (10) .58/2/1 ( ) 2 1 General Instructions : Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them : (i) This question paper comprises two sections A and B. All questions are compulsory. (ii) Question numbers 1 10 and 18 27 are very short-answer questions carrying 1 mark each. They are required to be answered in one word or one sentence each. (iii) Question numbers 11 12 and 28 29 are short-answer questions carrying 3 marks each. Answers to them should not normally exceed 60 80 words each. (iv) Question numbers 13 15 and 30 32 are also short-answer questions carrying 4 marks each. Answers to them should not normally exceed 80 100 words each. (v) Question numbers 16 17 and 33 34 are long answer questions carrying 6 marks each. Answers to them should not normally exceed 100 150 words each. (vi) Answers should be brief and to the point. Also the above word limit be adhered to as far as possible. (vii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in 2 questions of one mark, 2 questions of three marks, 2 questions of four marks and 2 questions of six marks. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted. (viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. SECTION A (Macro Economics) 1. If the entire additional income of an economy is consumed, the value of investment multiplier will be _________ . (Choose the correct alternative) (A) zero (0) (B) not defined ( ) (C) one (1) (D) ten (10) .58/2/1 3 1 P.T.O. 2. EH$ J h W mam H $ H$s JB H$ma EH$ _________ h 1 & (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) (A) (B) (C) (D) EH$b Cn moJ ny OrJV d Vw EH$b Cn moJ Cn^mo $m d Vw {Q>H$mD$ Cn^mo $m d Vw AY -{Q>H$mD$ Cn^mo $m d Vw AWdm {Z Z{b{IV | go H$m Z-gm gy gH$b am Q >r C nmX (A) _m { H$ GNP dm V{dH$ GNP 100 (B) dm V{dH$ GNP _m { H$ GNP 100 (C) dm V{dH$ GNP _w m \$s{V H$s Xa _| n[adV Z 100 (D) _w m \$s{V H$s Xa _| n[adV Z dm V{dH$ GNP 100 (GNP) Ad $s{VH$ H$mo Xem Vm h ? (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) 3. EH$ ~ X AW d Wm | g_J m J Ho$ Xmo KQ>H$m| Ho$ Zm {b{IE & 4. __________ 5. 6. 1 ^maV gaH$ma H$m EO|Q> ( {V{Z{Y) VWm gbmhH$ma hmoVm h & (ghr C ma mam [a V WmZ H$s ny{V H$s{OE) C boI H$s{OE {H$ {Z Z{b{IV H$WZ g h m Ag : _w m \$s{V H$mo H$ H$aZo Ho$ {bE, Ho$ r ~ H$ H$mo Z H$X Ama{jV AZwnmV H$aZm Mm{hE & 4 1 1 (CRR) H$mo H$ ajm Xm| na hmoZo dmbm gaH$mar , gaH$mar ~OQ> H$m _________ H$m EH$ H$ma h & (ghr C ma mam [a V WmZ H$s ny{V H$s{OE) .58/2/1 1 1 2. A car purchased by a household is a _________ . 1 (Choose the correct alternative) (A) single use capital good (B) single use consumer good (C) durable consumer good (D) semi-durable consumer good OR GNP deflator is represented by which of the following formulae ? 1 (Choose the correct alternative) (A) Nominal GNP 100 Real GNP (B) Real GNP 100 Nominal GNP (C) Real GNP 100 Change in Rate of Inflation (D) Change in Rate of Inflation 100 Real GNP 3. Name the two components of Aggregate Demand in a closed economy. 4. _________ is the agent and adviser to the Government of India. 1 (Fill in the blank with correct answer) 5. 1 State whether the following statement is true or false : 1 To reduce inflation, the Central Bank should reduce Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR). 6. Government expenditure incurred on defence items is a type of _________ expenditure in the Government Budget. 1 (Fill in the blank with correct answer) .58/2/1 5 P.T.O. 7. C boI H$s{OE {H$ {Z Z{b{IV H$WZ g h m Ag : ~ {YV {VaVr {d{Z Xa Umbr | gaH$ma j $n go {d{Z Xa H$mo {Z { V H$aVr h & 8. {dXoem| go m V XmZ ^wJVmZ g VwbZ ImVo Ho$ _________ (O m/Zm o) nj | XO {H$ m OmEJm & (ghr C ma mam [a $ WmZ H$s ny{V H$s{OE) 1 9. J a-H$a AmJ (amO d) m{ V m| Ho$ H$moB Xmo CXmhaU Xr{OE & 1 10. mZ br{OE {H$ EH$ H$m n{ZH$ AW d Wm |, Am H$s am{e < 500 H$amo S> go ~ T> H$a < 600 H$amo S> hmo OmVr h & n[aUm V , Cn^moJ < 400 H$amo S> go ~ T> H$a < 500 H$amo S> hmo OmVm h & Bg n[ap W{V | gr m V Cn^moJ d { m H$m mZ _________ hmoJm & (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) 1 11. 12. (A) 0 8 (B) 0 4 (C) 1 0 (D) 0 6 gH$b Kaoby C nmX (GDP) {H$gr Xoe> H$s AW d Wm Ho$ Am{W H$ H$ mU H$m gdm} m_ gyMH$ Zht h & {XE JE H$WZ H$m _m ` H$maUm| g{hV g W Z AWdm I S>Z H$s{OE & {X g J Amny{V (AS) H$s VwbZm | g J m J g m moOZ V H$s H$m Umbr H$s MMm H$s{OE & AWdm {X EH$ AW d Wm | : ma {^H$ {Zdoe _| n[adV Z gr_m V ~MV d { m (a) {Zdoe JwUH$ (b) A {V Am | n[adV Z .58/2/1 : (K) ( Y) 6 3 A{YH$ hmo, Vmo Cg n[ap W{V | ( I) = < 1,000 H$amo S>, (MPS) = 0 2. {Z Z{b{IV Ho$ y kmV H$s{OE (AD) 1 3 3 7. State whether the following statement is true or false : 1 Under a managed floating exchange rate system, the Government directly controls the exchange rate. 8. Charity from Abroad will be recorded on _________ (credit/debit) side of the Balance of Payment accounts. (Fill in the blank with correct answer) 1 9. Give any two examples of non-tax revenue receipts. 1 10. Suppose in a hypothetical economy, the income rises from < 500 crores to < 600 crores. As a result, the consumption expenditure rises from < 400 crores to < 500 crores. Marginal propensity to consume in such a case would be _________ . 11. 12. (Choose the correct alternative) 1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is not the best indicator of the economic welfare of a country. Defend or refute the given statement with valid reasons. 3 Discuss the working of the adjustment mechanism if, Aggregate Demand (AD) is greater than Aggregate Supply (AS). 3 (A) 0 8 (B) 0 4 (C) 1 0 (D) 0 6 OR If in an economy : 3 Change in initial investment ( I) = < 1,000 crores, Marginal propensity to save (MPS) = 0 2. Find the value of the following : (a) Investment multiplier (K) (b) Change in final income ( Y) .58/2/1 7 P.T.O. 13. ~ qH$J Umbr H$s gmI {Z m U j Vm H$m {ZYm aU H$aZo | gmI JwUH$ H$s m ^y{ H$m h g m H$ CXmhaU mam g PmBE & ? 4 AWdm 14. 15. 16. ^maVr [a Od ~ H$ mam, gmI {Z U | aIZo Ho$ {bE Cn moJ {H$E OmZo dmbo {H$ ht Xmo gmYZm| H$s {d Vma go {ddoMZm H$s{OE & 4 {nN>bo EH$ mh | A o[aH$s S>m ba (US $) | 0 75 n go {V S>m ba (p/$) H$s CN>mb XO h B h ; h n[ap W{V AbJ-AbJ H$ma Ho$ mnm[a m| ({Z`m VH$m| VWm Am`mVH$m|) Ho$ {bE w Hw$amhQ> m CXmgr bm gH$Vr h & {XE JE H$WZ H$m Am {M {g H$s{OE & 4 EH$ Xoe Ho$ gaH$mar ~OQ> | amO d KmQ>o Ho$ Ap V d Ho$ {~Zm amOH$mofr KmQ>m Zht hmo gH$Vm & {XE JE H$WZ H$m g W Z AWdm I S>Z H$s{OE & 4 (a) EH$ Xmo-jo H$ AW d Wm | Am H$m dVw b dmh Bg d {g (axiom) na AmYm[aV h {H$ {H$gr EH$ H$m X gao H$s Am hmoVr h & _m ` VH$m] g{hV AnZo C ma H$m g_W Z H$s{OE & (b) C nmXZ Ho$ y VWm y d { | A Va n Q> H$s{OE & 4+2 AWdm EH$ H$m n{ZH$ AW d Wm Ho$ {Z Z{b{IV Am H$ S>m| Ho$ Cn moJ go, {XE JE dfm] Ho$ {bE dm V{dH$ gH$b Kaoby C nmX (GDP) H$s JUZm d VwbZm H$s{OE : df _m { H$ GDP Xa 2015 16 2016 17 8 4% 9% 140 125 GDP Ad \$s{VH$ .58/2/1 8 6 13. What role does credit multiplier play in determining the credit creation capacity of the banking system ? Use a numerical illustration to explain. 4 OR Elaborate any two instruments of credit control, exercised by the Reserve Bank of India. 14. 4 US dollar has recorded a jump of 0 75 paise per dollar (p/$) in the last one month; this situation might bring smiles and sorrows to different types of traders (exporters and importers). Justify the given statement. 15. 4 The Government Budget of a country cannot have fiscal deficit without the existence of revenue deficit. Defend or refute the given statement. 16. (a) 4 Circular flow of income in a two-sector economy is based on the axiom that one s expenditure is other s income. Support your answer with valid reasons. (b) Distinguish between value of output and value added . 4+2 OR Using the following data of an imaginary economy, calculate and compare the Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the given years : Year .58/2/1 2015 16 2016 17 Nominal GDP Rate 8 4% 9% GDP deflator 140 125 9 6 P.T.O. 17. {XE JE {M |, KT A Vamb m X{e V H$aVm h ? Bg n[ap W{V Ho$ g mYmZ Ho$ {bE {H$ ht Xmo amOH$mofr Cnm`m| H$m C oI d MMm H$s{OE & { Q>~m{YV N>m m| Ho$ {bE 6 : Ad $s{V A Vamb H$m m AW h ? Ad \$s{V A Vamb H$s n[ap W{V Ho$ g mYmZ Ho$ {bE {H$ ht Xmo amOH$mofr Cnm m| H$m C oI d MMm H$s{OE & 6 I S> I (^maVr AW d Wm H$m {dH$mg) 18. df _________ | ^maV gaH$ma Zo 6 go VWm A{Zdm H$a Xr Wr & (A) (B) 2001 2009 (C) (D) 2003 2007 14 df Ho$ ~rM g^r ~ m| Ho$ {bE {ejm {Z:ew H$ (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) AWdm {Z Z{b{IV | go H$m Z-gm g JR>Z ^maV | dm jo H$mo {Z { V H$aVm h ? (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) (A) (B) (C) ICMR UGC AICTE (D) RBI .58/2/1 10 1 1 17. In the given figure, what does the gap KT represent ? State and discuss any two fiscal measures to correct the situation. 6 For Visually Impaired Candidates : What is meant by deflationary gap ? State and discuss any two fiscal measures to correct the situation of deflationary gap. 6 SECTION B (Indian Economic Development) 18. In the year _________, the Indian Government made education free and compulsory for all children between 6 14 years. 1 (Choose the correct alternative) (A) 2001 (B) 2009 (C) 2003 (D) 2007 OR Which one of the following organisations regulates the health sector in India ? (Choose the correct alternative) (A) ICMR (B) UGC (C) AICTE (D) RBI .58/2/1 11 1 P.T.O. 19. C boI H$s{OE {H$ {Z Z{b{IV H$WZ g h AWdm Ag : ^y{ gr m {ZYm aU H$m AW h {H$gr { V Ho$ {bE ^y{ -YmaU H$s yZV gr m {ZYm [aV H$aZm h & 20. H$m b I | Xr JB g WmAm| Ho$ H$m Ho$ gmW { bmZ H$aHo$ H$m b Ho$ ghr AZwH $ H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE 1 H$m b II (WTO) a. {d d `mnma g JR>Z b. ^maVr` [a Od ~ H$ c. A Vam Q >r` _w m H$mof d. A Vam Q >r` nwZ{Z _m U Am a {dH$mg ~ H$ (IBRD) (RBI) (IMF) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) {Z Z{b{IV _| go ghr {dH$ n H$m M`Z H$s{OE (A) a-(ii), b-(i), c-(iii), d-(iv) (B) a-(ii), b-(iv), c-(iii), d-(i) (C) a-(ii), b-(iii), c-(iv), d-(i) (D) a-(ii), b-(iv), c-(i), d-(iii) mAmo Zo J oQ> brn $m adS> H$s ew AmV df (A) 1951 (B) 1955 (C) 1958 (D) 1962 | {XE JE {dH$ nm| : H$m b I 21. II 1 ^wJVmZ g VwbZ H$s g m H$mo hb H$aZo Ho$ {bE A nH$mbrZ G$U XmZ H$aVm h & EH$ ~h njr mnma dmVm {ZH$m h & nwZ{Z m U Am a {dH$mg Ho$ {bE G$U XoZo H$s gw{dYm XmZ H$aVm h & ^maV H$m Ho$ r ~ H$ h & : _________ | H$s Wr & (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) 1 22. ^maV | J m rU {d mnmofU Ho$ {bE erf g Wm H$m Zm {b{IE & 1 23. ^maV H$s W gmV n Mdfu moOZmAm| | _________ Zr{V H$m AZwJ Z Kaoby C moJm| Ho$ g ajU Ho$ {bE {H$ m J m Wm & (ghr C ma mam [a V WmZ H$s ny{V H$s{OE) 1 .58/2/1 12 19. State whether the following statement is true or false : 1 Land ceiling means fixing the minimum limit of land holding for an individual. 20. Identify and match the correct sequence of alternatives of organisations given in Column I with their respective functions in Column II : Column I 1 Column II a. WTO (i) b. RBI (ii) c. IMF d. IBRD provides short-term loans to solve the Balance of Payments problem. is a multilateral trade negotiating body. (iii) facilitates lending for reconstruction and development. (iv) is the Central Bank of India. Choose the correct alternative from the following : 21. (A) a-(ii), b-(i), c-(iii), d-(iv) (B) a-(ii), b-(iv), c-(iii), d-(i) (C) a-(ii), b-(iii), c-(iv), d-(i) (D) a-(ii), b-(iv), c-(i), d-(iii) Mao initiated the Great Leap Forward in the year ___________ . (Choose the correct alternative) (A) 1951 (B) 1955 (C) 1958 (D) 1962 1 22. Name the apex institution for rural financing in India. 1 23. ___________ policy was implemented in the first seven five-year plans of India, to protect domestic industries. 1 (Fill in the blank with the correct answer) .58/2/1 13 P.T.O. 24. 25. _________ D$Om Ho$ mdgm{ H$ moV H$m EH$ CXmhaU h & (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) (A) ObmD$ bH$ S>r (B) H$mo bm (C) H ${f H$m Hy$ S>m-H$Mam (D) gyIr Jmo~a Ho$ Cnbo C boI H$s{OE {H$ {Z Z{b{IV H$WZ g h AWdm Ag : 1 1 nm{H$ VmZ H$s VwbZm |, ^maV | Jar~r aoIm go ZrMo ahZo dmbo bmoJm| H$m AZwnmV A{YH$ h & 26. {H$gr EH$ hma Z H$ nZr H$m Zm {b{IE & 1 27. {Z Z{b{IV | go H$m Z-gm O {dH$ IoVr H$m EH$ bm^ Zht h ? (ghr {dH$ n H$m M Z H$s{OE) 1 28. (A) g Vo AmJV (B) {Zdoe na AmH$f H$ {V $b (C) Am mV H$s A{YH$ g ^mdZmE (D) C nmofU mZ ^maV | {~Obr (e{ $) jo H$mo H$B _wI MwZm {V m| H$m gm Zm H$aZm n S>Vm h & {XE JE H$WZ H$s _m ` VH$m] g{hV MMm H$s{OE & 3 AWdm 29. 1964 66 Ho$ {ejm Am moJ H$s {g \$m[aem| H$mo bmJy H$aZo | ^maV Ag $b ahm h & {XE JE H$WZ Ho$ g W Z | _m ` VH $ VwV H$s{OE & 3 ^maV gaH$ma Zo hmb hr | ~ T>Vr h B hm{Z m| Ho$ H$maU MTNL VWm BSNL Ho$ {db H$s KmofUm H$s h & ^maV gaH$ma mam CR>mE JE H$X_m| H$m Am {M {g H$s{OE & 3 .58/2/1 14 24. 25. __________ is an example of a commercial source of energy. (Choose the correct alternative) (A) Firewood (B) Coal (C) Agricultural waste (D) Dried dung cakes State whether the following statement is true or false : 1 1 Proportion of people living below poverty line is more in India as compared to Pakistan. 26. Name any one Maharatna company. 1 27. Which of the following is not an advantage of organic farming ? (Choose the correct alternative) 1 28. (A) Cheap inputs (B) Attractive returns on investment (C) Greater possibilities for import (D) High nutritional value Power sector in India has major challenges to face. Discuss the given statement with valid reasons. 3 OR India has failed to implement the recommendations of Education Commission of 1964 66. Give valid arguments in support of the given statement. 29. 3 Recently the Government of India has decided to merge MTNL and BSNL on account of rising losses. Justify the steps taken by the Government of India. .58/2/1 15 3 P.T.O. 30. g jon | MMm H$s{OE {H$, {H$g H$ma g WmJV gwYmam| (^y{ gwYmam|) Zo ^maVr H ${f H$mo ~XbZo | h dnyU ^y{ H$m {Z^mB h & 4 AWdm 31. 32. {dXoer w m ^ S>ma H$s ~MV d Am -{Z^ aVm Ho$ Xmohao C o m| Ho$ gmW ^maV | Am mV {V~ Y bJmE JE Wo & m VH$m] g{hV {XE JE H$WZ H$m Am {M {g H$s{OE & 4 dV Vm H$s nyd -g m na ^maV H$s mdgm{ H$ g aMZm H$s {H$ ht Xmo w {deofVmAm| na {Q> nUr H$s{OE & 4 d Y H$maUm| Ho$ gmW, ^maV Am a MrZ Ho$ {XE JE Am H$ S>m| H$s VwbZm d {d bofU H$s{OE (2015) qbJmZwnmV ( {V hOma nw f) ^maV 1 2% 929 MrZ 0 5% 941 Xoe> OZg `m H$s dm{f H$ d { Xa moV : {d d {dH$mg g Ho$VH$, 33. {Z Z{b{IV H$mo n[a^m{fV H$s{OE n`m daU H$s YmaU j Vm (B) O {dH$ H $nmo Q> ImX (C) YmaUr {dH$mg (D) n`m daU H$s Ademofr j Vm .58/2/1 4 2015 : (A) : 6 16 30. Discuss briefly, how institutional reforms (land reforms) have played a significant role in transforming Indian agriculture. 4 OR Import restrictions were imposed in India with the dual objective to save foreign exchange reserves and to be self-sufficient. Justify the given statement with valid arguments. 31. 4 Comment upon any two salient features of occupational structure of India on the eve of Independence. 32. 4 Compare and analyse the given data of India and China with valid reasons : 4 Country Annual growth rate of population (2015) Sex ratio (per thousand males) India 1 2% 929 China 0 5% 941 Source : World Development Indicators, 2015 33. Define the following : 6 (a) Carrying capacity of environment (b) Bio-composting (c) Sustainable Development (d) Absorptive capacity of the environment .58/2/1 17 P.T.O. 34. (a) ^maV | l ~b Ho$ AZm nMmarH$aU na {Q> nUr H$s{OE & (b) l{ H$-OZg m AZwnmV H$s n[a^mfm {b{IE & 4+2 AWdm ^maV _| dV Vm go A~ VH$ H$m`m p dV {H$E JE Jar~r C _ybZ H$m` H $_m| Ho$ n[aUm_m| H$m 6 AmbmoMZm _H$ narjU H$s{OE & .58/2/1 18 34. (a) Comment upon the informalisation of labour force in India. (b) Define the worker-population ratio. 4+2 OR Critically examine the results of Poverty Alleviation Programmes implemented in India since independence. .58/2/1 19 6 P.T.O.

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