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Chapter 3.8 - Lighting System

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8. LIGHTING SYSTEM Syllabus Lighting System: Light source, Choice of lighting, Luminance requirements, and Energy conservation avenues 8.1 Introduction Lighting is an essential service in all the industries. The power consumption by the industrial lighting varies between 2 to 10% of the total power depending on the type of industry. Innovation and continuous improvement in the field of lighting, has given rise to tremendous energy saving opportunities in this area. Lighting is an area, which provides a major scope to achieve energy efficiency at the design stage, by incorporation of modern energy efficient lamps, luminaires and gears, apart from good operational practices. 8.2 Basic Terms in Lighting System and Features Lamps Lamp is equipment, which produces light. The most commonly used lamps are described briefly as follows: Incandescent lamps: Incandescent lamps produce light by means of a filament heated to incandescence by the flow of electric current through it. The principal parts of an incandescent lamp, also known as GLS (General Lighting Service) lamp include the filament, the bulb, the fill gas and the cap. Reflector lamps: Reflector lamps are basically incandescent, provided with a high quality internal mirror, which follows exactly the parabolic shape of the lamp. The reflector is resistant to corrosion, thus making the lamp maintenance free and output efficient. Gas discharge lamps: The light from a gas discharge lamp is produced by the excitation of gas contained in either a tubular or elliptical outer bulb. The most commonly used discharge lamps are as follows: Fluorescent tube lamps (FTL) Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) Mercury Vapour Lamps Sodium Vapour Lamps Metal Halide Lamps Bureau of Energy Efficiency 152

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