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ICSE Class X Notes 2019 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)

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Aiyra Baig
St. Helena's School and Junior College, Pune

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English II: Merchant of Venice: Mythological References (NOTES) Compiled by Dr. Ulfat Baig and Aiyra Baig Helpline for ICSE Students (Class 10) Janus: A Roman god of doors, who had two faces, one frowning and the other smiling; one head looking inwards and the other looking out. His reference is given to indicate that nature creates two different types of men with different outlooks. Nestor: Nestor was an Argonaut who helped fight the centaurs. He was an old and wise Greek general, who fought in the Trojan War along with his sons Antilochus and Thrasymedes on the side of the Achaeans. A joke had to be extremely funny if Nestor laughed at it. Oracle: Oracle was believed to be the voice of the gods, uttered through the mouth of the priests. In classical antiquity, an oracle was a person or agency considered to provide wise and insightful counsel or prophetic predictions or precognition of the future, inspired by the gods. Portia: She was the daughter of Cato (a Roman statesman) and the second wife of Brutus (a brave Roman general), the leader of the conspiracy against Julius Caesar. She is famous for her suicide, reputedly by swallowing hot coals. Jason: He was an ancient Greek mythological hero who was the leader of the Argonauts and whose quest for the Golden Fleece featured in Greek literature. He was the son of Aeson, the rightful king of Iolcus. He was married to the Sorceress Medea. He was also the greatgrandson (through his mother's side) of the messenger god Hermes. Golden Fleece: In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece is the fleece of the gold-haired winged ram, which was held in Colchis. The fleece is a symbol of authority and kingship. Argonauts: The Argonauts were a band of heroes in Greek mythology, who in the years before the Trojan War, around 1300 BC, accompanied Jason to Colchis in his quest to find the Golden Fleece. Their name comes from their ship, Argo, named after its builder, Argus. "Argonauts" literally means "Argo sailors". Colcho s Strand: The ancient kingdom of Colchis or Colchos Heraclitus: A Greek philosopher who lived before the time of Socrates. He was a native of the city of Ephesus. His philosophy of life is famous for its confusing nature. He was also known as the weeping philosopher. Sibylla: The Sibyl is a prophetess in Roman mythology. Apollo granted her as many years of life as there were sand grains she held in her hand. She is used as the traditional old woman. Diana: The goddess of virginity in Roman mythology. She was also the goddess of the hunt, the moon, chastity and nature, associated with wild animals and woodland and who had the power to talk to and control animals. She fell in love with the beautiful Endymion and came down from heaven every night to live with him. Visit us at https://icsehelpline101.com| Connect with us on Twitter and Instagram @icsehelpline101

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