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ICSE Class X Prelims 2026 : Biology

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IGNITE PAPER 1 Time 2 Hours Maximum Marks - 80 Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [] SECTION A (40 Mark) (Attempt all the questions from this section) Question 1 [15] Choose the correct answer to the question from the given options. i. In which condition of the day amongst the following the transpiration will be maximum? a) Humid and cool c) Hot, dry, windy b) Humid and windy d) Hot and humid ii. From which of these, tears come? a) Eyeball c) Lachrymal glands b) Vitreous chamber d) Aqueous chamber Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas? a) Oxygen c) Methane b) Nitrogen d) Sulphur dioxide The lower surface of leaf will have more number of stomata in a a) Isobilateral leaf d) Both dorsiventral and isobilateral b) Isotopic bilateral leaf leaf c) Dorsiventral leaf Which one of the following is non-biodegradable? a) Cardboard c) Bark of trees b) Vegetable peel d) DDT Assertion (A): Arctic s ozone depletion tends to be milder and short lived than the Antarctic s. Reason (R): CFCs, Frigid temperatures and sunlight are not present at the Arctic at the same time. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. Surgical method of sterilization in a woman involves cutting and trying of : a) Oviduct c) Urethra b) Uterus d) Ureter The structural and functional unit of excretion in the human kidney is the : a) Nephron c) Bowman s capsule b) Ureter d) Renal pelvis A destarched plant in one whose a) Plant is free from starch c) Aerial parts are free from starch b) Leaves are free from chlorophyll d) Leaves are free from starch Fertilization is the process of fusion of male gamete and female gamete to produce a/an : a) Embryo c) Child b) Infant d) Zygote A structure of neuron comprises of a) Cell body, synaptic knob, ganglia d) Synaptic vesicles, ganglia, b) Cell body, dendrites, axon dendrites c) Cell body, dendrites, ganglia Father of genetics is : a) Gregor Mendel c) Abel b) Huxley d) Kimball and Murlin DNA is made up of sugar, mainly a) Fructose c) Triose b) Hexose d) Pentose A point of contact between two neurons is termed as a) Synapse c) Synapsis b) Connector d) Neuromotor junction The prime source of CFC is a) Domestic sewage c) Refrigeration equipment b) Industrial effluents d) Vehicular emission Question 2 i. Fill in the blanks with suitable words: [5] Copy and complete the following by the filling in the blanks 1 to 5 with appropriate words. The human female gonads are ovaries. A maturing egg in the ovary is present in a sac of cell called 1 _______. As the egg grows larger, the follicle enlarges and gets filled with a fluid and is now called the 2______ follicle. The process of releasing the egg from the ovary is called 3______. The ovum is picked up by the oviduct funnel and fertilization takes place in the 4______, In about a week the blastocyst gets fixed in the endometrium of the uterus and this process is called 5______. ii. Choose the odd one out from the following terms and name the category to which the others belong:[5] a) Bile, Urea, Uric acid, Ammonia b) Vasopressin, growth hormone, TSH, ACTH, FSH c) Detergents, X-rays, Sewage, Oil spills d) Formalin, iodine, DDT, Lime e) Addison s disease, Cushing s syndrome, Acromegaly, Leukamia iii. iv. v. The statement given below is incorrect. Rewrite the correct statement by changing the underlined words of the statement. [5] a) The Graafian follicle, after ovulation turns into a hormone producing tissue called corpus callosum. b) Adenine: Thymine : : Cytosine : Uracil c) Osmosis is active transport of molecules in cell. d) Deafness is caused due to the rupturing of the pinna. e) The cell sap of root hair is hypotonic. Name the following : [5] a) The phenomenon by which living or dead plant cells absorb water by surface attraction. b) An apparatus that measures the rate of water uptake in a cut shoot due to transpiration. c) The wax-like layer on the epidermis of leaves which reduces transpiration. d) The hormone that regulates the basal metabolic rate. e) A solution that causes water to move into the cell and swelling up. Match the items given in column 1 with the most appropriate ones in column 2 and rewrite the correct matching pairs. [5] Column 1 Column 2 a) Liver i. Vitreous humor b) Skin ii. Knot-like tuft of blood capillaries in Bowman s capsule. c) Kidney iii. Breakdown of proteins d) Glomerulus iv. Sweet glands e) Protects retina v. Bean-shaped excretory organ Section-B (Attempt any four questions) Question 3 i. ii. iii. iv. v. What is the function of ear ossicles? Given below are two structures, write their special functional activity. a) Myelin sheath b) Relay neuron Name the part of the human brain which is concerned with the following a) Seat of memory b) Coordinates muscular activity Explain briefly: a) Mutation b) Homologous chromosomes Draw a well labeled diagram to show the anaphase stage of mitosis in an animal cell having four chromosomes. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] Question 4 i. ii. Write the genotype of haemophilic son and carrier daughter. Explain the following terms: a) Monohybrid cross b) Phenotype [1] [2] iii. Name a cell that is found arrested in diplotene stage for months and years. Comment in 2-3 lines how it completes cell cycle? [2] iv. v. Explain law of dominance. List any three features of garden pea with their dominant and recessive traits? [2] [3] Question 5 i. ii. iii. iv. v. Briefly explain Lamrack s theory of use and disuse of organs. [1] Explain Darwin s concept of natural selection. [2] Describe Lamrack s theory of evolution. [2] Some great authors have said that a population explosion is far more dangerous than an atomic explosion. Justify the statement. [2] The following diagram represents the human brain as seen in an external view. Study the same and then answer the question that follow: [3] a) Name the part labelled A, B, C and D. b) Mention the difference in the arrangement of the nerve cells in the parts marked A and D. c) Name the sheet of nerve fibres that connect the two halves of the part labelled A. Question 6 i. ii. iii. iv. v. Give one example of the following: An aquatic plant used in the lab to demonstrate oxygen liberation during photosynthesis. Draw a simple labeled diagram of stomatal apparatus as seen in surface view. Define photophosphorylation. Write two factors name which affects the rate of photosynthesis. The diagram given below represents an experiment to prove the importance of a factor in photosynthesis. Answer the questions that follow: [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] a) Which factor is being studied here? b) What is the purpose of keeping KOH in the flask? c) Write a well-balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis. Question 7 i. ii. iii. How does most of the water move within the root? What is the significance of time gap in the passage of impulse from sino-atrial node to the ventricle? Write any two functions of Lymph. [1] [2] [2] iv. v. A village is located near a bank of river. There an industrial setup started in village near river. After the industrial setup, the health of people becomes low. Why? Please explain. [2] Given below is the diagram of the human ear. Study the same and answer the questions that fellow:[3] a) Name the part labeled B and state its function. b) Name the part labeled C and state its function. c) Give the function of ear wax? Question 8 i. ii. iii. iv. v. What is the number of chromosomes in the gametes of human beings? Differentiate between G1 and G2 phase. Can there be DNA replication without cell division? Explain how vestigial organs give an idea about evolution. The diagram given alongside represents the human heart in one phase of its functional activities. Study the same and answer the questions that follow. [1] [2] [2] [2] [3] a) Name the phase. b) Label the parts A, B, and C. c) Which part of the heart is contracting in this phase? Give a reason to support your answer. IGNITE PAPER 2 Time 2 Hours Maximum Marks - 80 Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [] SECTION A (40 Mark) (Attempt all the questions from this section) Question 1. Select the correct answers to the questions from the given options. i. ii. iii. iv. v. Astigmatism can be corrected by: a) Concave lens c) Convex lens b) Cylindrical lens d) Bifocal lens In cholera, patients suffer from vomiting and watery bowels. They may die due to: a) Poisoning by accumulation of high c) Ability of intestine to absorb water into quantity of urea in the body. blood. b) The failure of the kidneys. d) Excretion of almost all water by the kidneys. Assertion (A): The main pulmonary artery pumps oxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs. Reason (R): Inside the lungs the artery divides and divides several times to form capillaries around the air sacs. a) A is True and R is False. c) Both A and R are true. b) A is False and R is True. d) Both A and R are false. The first stable product of photosynthesis is: a) Glucose c) Starch b) Phosphoglyceric acid d) Ribulose phosphate Study the diagram and identify the parts 1 to 4: vi. vii. viii. ix. x. a) Semicircular canals, Vestibule, Cochlea, Ampulla. b) Ampulla, Semicircular canals, Cochlea, Vestibule. c) Semicircular canals, Utriculus, Cochlea, Sacculus. d) Cochlea, Vestibule, Semicircular canal, Utriculus. A destarched plant is one whose: a) Leaves are free from chlorophyll c) Aerial parts are free from starch b) Leaves are free from starch d) Plant is free from starch Assertion (A): Oestrogen is a hormone secreted by the ovary in females. Reason (R): It prepares the uterus for receiving the embryo. a) A is correct but R is false. c) Both A and R are correct. b) A is false but R is correct. d) Both A and R are false. Assertion (A): Non-conventional sources of energy should not be popularised. Reason (R): They cause air pollution and are non-renewable. a) A is correct but R is wrong. c) A is wrong but R is correct. b) Both A and R are correct. d) Both A and R are wrong. Which of the following is the function of the occipital lobe of cerebrum? a) Vision c) Memory b) Hearing d) Body balance Which of the following sentences about photosynthesis is correct? a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll. b) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy. c) Splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. d) Reduction of water to carbohydrates. i) a, b, c, & d iii) Only (a) and (b) ii) d, b, & c xi. xii. xiii. xiv. Raj noticed that when a particular phytohormone was injected into an angiosperm plant there was growth retardation. Identify the hormone responsible for it: a) Ethylene c) Gibberellins b) Abscisic acid d) Indole Acetic Acid While studying the stages in the evolution of man, cranial capacity of about 1450 cm was first seen in: a) Homo sapiens c) Homo erectus b) Homo habilis d) Neanderthal Mr. Pant suffered kidney failure and was put on dialysis. The dialysis fluid should have osmotic pressure: a) Equal to that of blood c) More than that of blood b) Less than that of blood d) Equal to zero If a color-blind man marries a normal female and they have two daughters, they will be: a) Color blind c) Carrier b) Normal d) None xv. Which of the following does not take place during interphase? a) Duplication of chromosomes c) RNA synthesis b) Cell plate synthesis d) DNA synthesis Question 2. Short Answer Questions a) Give the scientific term for the following: i. The process of attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine wall. ii. The adjustment of the eye for a clear vision of objects at different distances. iii. The junction between two neurons. iv. A pair of chromosomes carrying dissimilar alleles for a particular character. v. Group of hormones that influence other endocrine glands to produce hormones. b) Match the pairs (given in the box): Example: Mid-brain Motor activities Words: Thyroid, mid-brain, lachrymal fluid, motor activities, goitre, lubricant, image, umbilical cord, natality, cluster of blood vessels, birth rate, chemical signals, mortality. c) Differentiate the following pairs (basis given in brackets): i. Corpus luteum vs Corpus callosum (function) ii. Auxins vs Cytokinin (process they stimulate) iii. Yellow spot vs Blind spot (type of sensory cells present) iv. Semicircular canals vs Vestibule (function) v. Light reaction vs Dark reaction (site of reaction) d) Rewrite the terms in logical sequence: i. Vagina, ovary, uterus, oviduct, cervix (Pathway of egg after ovulation) ii. Motor, Neuron stimulus receptor, Sensory neuron, Effector, Association neuron (Pathway of reflex) iii. Cortical cells, Root hair, Soil water, Endodermis, Xylem (Entry of water into plant from soil) iv. Pupil, Vitreous humor, Yellow spot, Cornea, Lens, Aqueous humor (Path of light in the eye) v. Tympanum, Oval window, Cochlea, Ear ossicles, Auditory canal, Pinna (Path of sound waves) e) Pick the odd word out: i. Urea, Uric acid, Urochrome, Ammonia ii. Uterine tubes, Seminiferous tubule, Epididymis, Interstitial cells iii. Eustachian tube, Cochlea, Ear ossicles, Middle ear, Oval window iv. Renal artery, Hepatic artery, Dorsal aorta, Pulmonary artery v. Diffusion, Osmosis, Active transport, Imbibition SECTION B Answer any 4 Questions Question 3. a) Define Crossing Over. b) Differentiate the following: [1+2+2+2+3] i. Genotype vs Phenotype (definition) ii. Guttation vs Bleeding (structure involved) c) Give scientific explanations: i. One cannot differentiate flower colors in a moonlit garden. ii. In summer, thicker/more concentrated urine is produced. d) i. State the location of the thyroid gland. ii. Name the main hormone secreted by the thyroid gland and one function. e) i. Draw a chloroplast and label 4 parts. ii. Name the two phases of photosynthesis and end products of the two phases. Question 4. [1+2+2+2+3] a) Example of a plant with variegated leaves. b) i) Define Photophosphorylation. ii) Where does it takes place? c) Mr. Raj noticed that black ants were seen frequently around the toilet which he used regularly. What according to you could the reason be? State the cause of the above observation. d) Draw a neat diagram of a human sperm and label four parts. e) The figure alongside represents an experiment performed to demonstrate a particular aspect of photosynthesis. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow. i. ii. iii. What is the aim of the experiment? What will happen if boiled water is taken instead of pond water? Write the overall equation of the above physiological process. Question 5 . a) Define "Acid Rain" b) State 2 harmful effects of acid rain. c) i) What is the symbol of Family Welfare. ii) State 2 aspects of Family Welfare. d) i) Define "Demography" ii) Give 2 reasons for the sharp rise in world population. e) i) What is natural selection? ii) Give an example of Natural Selection. iii) Give one important point of difference between theories of Lamarck and Darwin. [1+2+2+2+3] Question 6 [1+2+2+2+3] a) Define "Implantation". b) i) Where does fertilization take place in a human female? ii) State one change that would take place in a female ovary after fertilization. c) i) State the location and function of Amniotic fluid. ii) Trace the path of the sperm from the sperm duct till it reaches the oviduct of the female. d) Explain: (i) Adrenaline is called the emergency hormone. ii) Pancreas is called a heterocrine gland. e) Two heterozygous pea plants having green pods (Gg) are crossed with each other i) Write down the phenotypic ratio and phenotype of the offsprings. ii) What will be the genotypic ratio of offsprings? iii) State the law which supports this inheritance. Question 7 [1+2+2+2+3] a) Define "Accommodation" b) Identify the parts of the eye based on the description: i) The pigmented part which provides nutrition to be eye ball. ii) The anterior transparent bulged part of the eyeball. c) The diagram below shows a section of the human brain. Answer the questions. i) Name the parts labelled 1,2,3 and 4. ii) State the difference in the arrangement of neurons in part 1 and 4 iii) Write the Important role of the part mentioned as 2. d) Differentiate between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves (location and function). e) Draw a neat diagram of the L.S of the Kidney and label 4 parts. Question 8 a) What is "Apical Dominance"? b) Study the diagrams A and B [1+2+2+2+3] i) Identify structure A and B ii) Identify the tropism and the stimulus for this tropism. c) Write down the special functional activity of the following structures:i) Leaf spines and _____________ ii) Spindle fibres and _____________ d) Blood group of Gita and Maya was tested to determine the group. Their blood samples were mixed with solutions containing either antibody 'a' or antibody 'b'. The following table shows the result. Study and answer the questions:Person Reaction with antibody 'a' Reaction with antibody 'b' Maya No reaction Agglutination Gita Agglutination Agglutination i) ii) Identify the blood groups of Maya and Gita Why did agglutination not take place when Maya's blood was mixed with a solution containing antibody a. e) Given below is he diagram of a certain stage of cell division in a cell. Study the diagram and answer the questions. i) Identify the stage and give a reason to support your answer. ii) Draw a neat diagram of the stage which follows this stage and label any 4 parts. IGNITE PAPER 3 SECTION A (Attempt all questions from this Section.) Question 1 Select the correct answers to the questions from the given options. [15] i) The secretion of seminal vesicles contains. (a) mucus only (c) fructose (b) testosterone (d) spermatozoa ii) Maximum number of individuals an environment can support is called: (a) biotic potential (c) birth rate (b) carrying capacity (d) mortality iii) The organ that acts like a natural dialysis chamber in the human body is: (a) Heart (c) Kidneys (b) Brain (d) Pancreas iv) Blood circulation takes the following course in the human heart: (a) left atrium left ventricle lungs right atrium right ventricle (b) right atrium aorta lungs left ventricle left atrium (c) left atrium left ventricle pulmonary artery lungs right ventricle (d) right atrium right ventricle lungs left atrium left ventricle v) Endocrine glands play a vital role in human body by producing and secreting hormones that regulate various physiological process including growth, metabolism and reproduction. Which of the following statements about endocrine glands is correct? (a) Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream. (b) Endocrine glands release hormones into ducts that carry them to target organs. (c) Endocrine glands primarily function in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. (d) Endocrine glands are responsible for producing and releasing enzymes for digestion. vi) Light reaction takes place in the: (a) grana of chloroplast (c) mitochondria (b) stroma of chloroplast (d) cytoplasm vii) Assertion (A): Radiation pollution is caused by excessive noise levels in the environment. Reason (R): Radiation pollution occurs when radioactive materials are released into the environment and cause potential harm. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true (c) (A) is true and (R) is false (b) Both (A) and (R) are false (d) (A) is false and (R) is true viii) Palak was asked to tell about different valves found in human heart. She tabulated two such valves as follows: Valve Characteristics P Found between the left atrium and left ventricle. Q Found between the right atrium and right ventricle. (a) P- Tricuspid alive. Q Bicuspid valve (b) P Bicuspid, Q Tricuspid (c) P Tricuspid, Q Mitral (d) P Mitral, Q - Bicuspid ix) The first vaccine was developed to provide protection from: (a) Polio (c) Chicken Pox (b) Smallpox (d) Tuberculosis x) Contraction of uterus during childbirth is caused by: (a) TSH (c) FSH (b) oxytocin (d) glucagon xi) Which of the following statements accurately compares tubectomy and vasectomy? (a) Tubectomy and vasectomy are both surgical procedures performed on males to achieve permanent contraception. (b) Tubectomy and vasectomy are both surgical procedures performed on females to achieve permanent contraception. (c) Tubectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the cutting or blocking of the fallopian tubes in females, while vasectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the cutting or blocking of the vas deferens in males. (d) Tubectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the cutting or blocking of the vas deferens in males, while vasectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the cutting or blocking of the fallopian tubes in females. xii) The human brain is a complex organ responsible for processing and storing information, coordinating bodily functions, and generating thoughts and emotions. It is composed of different structures. Among the listed options, identify the structures of forebrain. P - Corpus callosum Q - Cerebral peduncle R - Hypothalamus S - Optic lobes (a) P and R (c) R and S (b) Q and R (d) P, Q and R xiii) Which of the following statements accurately compares haemophilia and colour blindness in terms of their symptoms? (a) Both haemophilia and colour blindness primarily affect the visual perception of individuals. (b) Haemophilia is characterised by prolonged bleeding and difficulty in blood clotting, while colour blindness is characterised by the inability to perceive certain colours. (c) Haemophilia is characterised by the inability to perceive certain colours, while colour blindness is characterised by prolonged bleeding and difficulty in blood clotting (d) Both haemophilia and colour blindness have no noticeable symptoms and are typically diagnosed through genetic testing xiv) Which of the following is formed during light dependent phase of photosynthesis? (a) Sugar (c) Oxygen and carbon dioxide (b) NADPH (d) CO2 xv) A colourless ground substance present inside the chloroplast is. (a) Stroma (c) Stoma (b) Grana (d) Lamellae Question 2 (i) Name the following: (a) Raw materials of photosynthesis (b) Conditioned reflexes are controlled by which part of the brain (c) The largest detoxifying gland present in our body (d) The middle coat of the eye (e) The nitrogenous waste that passes from foetus to mother through placenta [5] (ii) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (iii) Arrange and rewrite the terms in each group in the correct order, so as to be in a logical sequence beginning with the term that is underlined. . [5] Midbrain, diencephalon, cerebrum, medulla oblongata, cerebellum Choroid, sclera, vitreous body, retina Bowman's capsule, Renal arteriole, Loop of Henle, Collecting tubule Embryo, foetus, blastocyst, zygote Oviduct, fimbriae, uterus, cervix Match the items in Column "A' with those which are most appropriate in Column 'B'. Rewrite the matching pairs as shown in the example: Column A Column B (i) Bolting (a) Control of automobile exhaust (ii) Leydig cells (b) Water (iii) Utriculus (c) Gibberellin (iv) Hydrotropism (d) Dynamic equilibrium (v) Euro IV norms (e) Testosterone (f) Sudden change in genes (g) Static equilibrium (iv) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (v) Choose the odd one out from the following terms and name the category to which the others belong: Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen Imbibition, diffusion, active transport, osmosis Chlorophyll, water, transpiration, sunlight Ureter, urethra, uterus, testis Dura matter, pia matter, arachnoid, grey matter Given below is the cross section of human heart showing valves and arteries. Read the information below and fill in the blanks. The heart consists of four chambers, two aorta (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). There is a valve through which blood passes before leaving each chamber of the heart. The valves prevent the (a)_____flow of blood. The four heart valves include (b)______ valve, located between the right atrium and the right ventricle,_______(c) valve, located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, (d) ______valve, located between the left atrium and the left ventricle and the aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the e)__________ SECTION B (Attempt any four questions from this Section.) Question 3 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Define hydathodes. Differentiate between erythrocytes and leucocytes (function). What is parthenogenesis? Give example. What is goitre? Mention the measures to prevent it. The figure given below represents the vertical section of a leaf. (a) Name the given structure. (b) Give an example of two plants where this structure is present. (c) Which physiological process takes place through this structure? Question 4 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Expand - FSH and LH. Differentiate between Natality and Mortality. How does a female body changes after the onset of menstruation? (iv) Sickness leads to poverty and poverty to sickness. Explain. Refer to the picture and answer the questions that follow: (a) Mention the function of part labelled as 1. (b) Identify the structure labelled as 2 and write its signiticance. (c) What would happen if the structure marked as 4 was absent? Question 5 (i) Define - greenhouse effect. (ii) What is the significance of eustachian tube in ear? (iii)A mature mammalian erythrocyte lacks nucleus and mitochondria. Explain. (iv) Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body? (v) Draw a neat diagram of a single Malpighian corpuscle and label the following parts: Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, Afferent arteriole, and Efferent arteriole. Question 6 (i) Define cerebrospinal fluid. (ii) Differentiate between vasopressin and oxytocin. (iii)State the function of pinna. (iv) Twins may or may not be identical. Explain. (v) The diagram given below shows the male urinogenital system of a human being. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow: (a) Label the parts labelled as 1 and 2. (b) Name the corresponding structure of part (1) in female reproductive system. (c) What is the role of part labelled as 3? Question 7 (i) Define placenta. (ii) Draw a Punnett square to show the gametes and offspring when both the plants have heterozygous round seeds (Rr). (iii)State the Monohybrid cross given by Mendel. (iv) How does a cell wall and a cell membrane differ in their permeability? (v) Draw a labelled diagram showing major endocrine glands in human body. Name the gland which is exo-endocrine gland. Question 8 (i) Define plasmolysis. (ii) Briefly explain the term 'biomedical waste' why it is considered harmful? (iii)Differentiate between - midbrain and hindbrain. (iv) Describe Darwin's theory of natural selection. (v) The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of a part of root hair zone. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow: (a) Is the root hair unicellular or multicellular? (b) Name the process responsible for the entry of water molecules from the soil into root hair. (c) What pressure is responsible for the movement of water in the direction indicated by arrows?

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