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ICSE BIOLOGY GENETICS NOTES

23 pages, 1 questions, 1 questions with responses, 4 total responses,

Tanay Nayak
Avalon Heights International School, Mumbai

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~1~ 2. Genetics Genetics Scope of Syllabus: Monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross. The following terms are to be covered: gene, allele, heterozygous, homozygous, dominant, recessive, mutation, variation, phenotype, genotype. Sex determination in human beings. Sex-linked inheritance of diseases to include haemophilia and colour blindness (only criss cross inheritance). ~ Part A ~ HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS I. Definitions and Explanations 1. Genetics 2. Heredity 3. Variation 4. Characters Genetics is the study of transmission of body features (both similarities and differences) from parents to offspring and the laws relating to such transmission. The transmission of genetically based characteristics from parents to offspring is known as heredity. The small differences between organisms are known as variations. Any heritable feature is known as a character. Example: height of organism II. Questions-Answers 1. Explain the term like begets like . begets like means that young ones of organisms always look like their parents. Example: The young one of an elephant looks like its parent. A mango seed germinates into a mango plant. Multiplying lactobacilli in curd look exactly like each other. ANSWER Like (i) (ii) (iii) Explain the concept of heredity and variations . ANSWER In nature, there is transmission of genetically based characteristics from parents to offspring. This is known as heredity. But at the same time, there are variations between individuals of the same species. Even two siblings born of the same parents will be unlike in many ways. This is known as variation. The study of genetics is the study of both heredity and variations. 3. What are the applications of genetics in recent times? (Extra) ANSWER In recent times, genetics is applied in:(i) Genetic Engineering: It is a technique in which the genetic constitution of an organism is altered by introducing new genes into its chromosomes. This brings about quick multiplication of modified organisms. (ii) Genetic Counselling: It is a practice in which newly married couples are advised by a specialist regarding the possibilities of any undesirable trait which their children might inherit from them. This can be used to prevent diseases such as thalassemia, sickle cell anaemia and haemophilia. 2.

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Additional Info : ICSE Biology Notes by Bhomik Acharya (bhomik1018)
Tags : icse genetics biology, ICSE Notes and Tips.

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