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Organic Chemistry-II 1. Occurrence of methane gas : 1. Methane occurs as marsh gas in low wetlands. 2. 70% of natural gas contains methane. 3. 25% 40% of coal gas (found in coal mines) contains methane. 4. Gobar gas; sewage gas; biogas obtained by the microbial decomposition of cattle dung; human excreta; garbage, etc., contain a large amount of methane gas. 2. Laboratory preparation of methane gas : 1. It is prepared by heating a mixture of soda lime and sodium acetate. CaO CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3 heat 2. It is prepared by the action of water on aluminium carbide. Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4 3. Physical properties of methane : 1. It is a colourless; odourless and tasteless gas, which is insoluble in water. 2. It is lighter than air, its V.D. being 8 and that of air being 14.4. 3. The methane molecule reflects radiant heat 20 times more than carbon dioxide. Thus, it contributes a lot in the greenhouse effect. 4. Chemical properties of methane : 1. Methane burns in air or oxygen with a pale blue flame, forming carbon dioxide and water. However, if the supply of oxygen is limited, it forms carbon monoxide and water. 2. Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight to form substitution products like CH3Cl; CH2Cl2; CHCl3 and CCl4. 3. When methane is heated to a temperature of 1000 C, it decomposes to form carbon and hydrogen. The process of decomposition of organic compound into elements, on heating is called pyrolysis. 1 Key Points

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