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ICSE Class 8 Sample / Model Paper 2026 : Biology : ICSE Biology Model Paper

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Rekha More
Wisdom World School, Hadapsar, Pune

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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER Section 1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1. An athlete is performing a complex gymnastic routine that requires perfect balance and precise control over their muscular movements. Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for coordinating these activities? o (a) Cerebrum o (b) Cerebellum o (c) Medulla oblongata o (d) Spinal cord o Correct Answer: (b) Cerebellum 2. While you are asleep, your heart continues to beat and your lungs continue to breathe without any conscious effort. The control center for these vital, involuntary actions is the: o (a) Cerebrum o (b) Cerebellum o (c) Medulla oblongata o (d) Spinal cord o Correct Answer: (c) Medulla oblongata 3. An artist is carefully painting a detailed landscape, requiring intense concentration and conscious thought. Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for this seat of intelligence and will power? o (a) Cerebellum o (b) Medulla oblongata o (c) Cerebrum o (d) Spinal cord o Correct Answer: (c) Cerebrum 4. A person accidentally steps on a sharp object and immediately withdraws their foot without thinking. This rapid, automatic response is controlled by the: o (a) Cerebrum o (b) Cerebellum o (c) Medulla oblongata o (d) Spinal cord o Correct Answer: (d) Spinal cord 5. To lift a book, a command must be sent from the central nervous system to the muscles in the arm. The nerves that specialize in carrying these messages to the muscles are called: o (a) Sensory nerves o (b) Motor nerves o (c) Mixed nerves o (d) Association nerves o Correct Answer: (b) Motor nerves True/False Statement: The cerebellum is the largest part of the human brain and contains about 9 billion neurons. Answer: False. The source states, "Cerebrum is the largest portion of the brain," and "The human cerebrum contains about 9 billion neurons." Statement: The central nervous system is composed solely of the brain and its protective membranes. Answer: False. According to the source, the central nervous system "consists of the brain and the spinal cord." Statement: A nerve is just another name for a single, long neuron. Answer: False. The source defines a nerve as "a bundle of axons (nerve fibres) enclosed in a tubular medullary sheath." Statement: Association neurons are responsible for carrying impulses directly from sense organs like the eyes to the brain. Answer: False. The source specifies that "Sensory neurons carry impulses from the sensory cells or sense organs to the spinal cord or brain," while "Association neurons lie in the spinal cord" and function as connectors, transmitting impulses from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron as shown in Fig. 6.3. Statement: When you decide to stand up, the idea originates in the cerebrum, but the cerebellum is responsible for coordinating the muscles to perform the action. Answer: True. The source explains, "The cerebrum decides an action, whereas the cerebellum implements the action. For example, if you get an idea to stand up and walk, it arises in the cerebrum, but the muscles involved in this process... lies under the control of cerebellum." Section 2 Case Study: Coordinated Action Consider the coordinated activity described in the text: "When you feel hungry, you eat food. The act of eating food involves a number of coordinated activities. Your eyes look at the food placed on the table. Your brain records this information and the action starts. The arms get the message and they are raised and the hands hold the plate... The fingers pick up the food and push it into the mouth." Analyze this process by answering the following questions: What is the initial external stimulus that begins this coordinated process? The initial stimulus is the sight of the food on the table. Identify the sense organs involved. The primary sense organs involved in initiating this action are the eyes, which transmit the visual information. Which part of the central nervous system records the information and initiates the action? The brain records the visual information and starts the action. Based on its functions, this conscious decision-making process originates in the cerebrum. Trace the pathway from stimulus to response. What type of nerves would carry the commands from the brain to the arm and hand muscles to complete the sequence? After the brain initiates the action, motor nerves carry the commands to the effectors (muscles). They deliver the messages that cause the arms to raise, the hands to hold the plate, and the fingers to pick up the food and bring it to the mouth, completing the coordinated activity. Structural Identification: The Brain Identify the part of the brain responsible for each of the core functions listed below. Function Corresponding Part of the Brain Intelligence, consciousness, and will power Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata Pathway Identification: Nerve Impulses The diagram 'Fig. 6.3' illustrates the connection between three types of neurons. Identify these neurons and describe the specific role each one plays in transmitting an impulse from a receptor (like a skin cell) to an effector (a muscle or gland). 1. Sensory Neuron: This neuron's role is to carry impulses from the sensory cells or sense organs to the central nervous system (the spinal cord or brain). 2. Association Neuron: This neuron lies within the spinal cord. Its role is to act as a connector, transmitting impulses from one neuron to another, specifically from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron. 3. Motor Neuron: This neuron's role is to carry messages from the brain or spinal cord to the effector (a gland or muscle), causing it to respond. Section 3 Scenario 1: Loss of Coordination. An individual finds they are unable to walk in a straight line or coordinate their muscular movements properly. Based on the source text, which specific part of the brain is most likely affected? Justify your answer by explaining this brain part's primary function. o Scenario 2: The Critical Core. Why would a severe injury to the Medulla Oblongata likely result in immediate death? Substantiate your conclusion by listing the vital, involuntary activities it controls as mentioned in the text. o Answer: The cerebellum is the most likely affected part of the brain. The source text explicitly states that the main function of the cerebellum is "to balance the body and coordinate muscular activities." To illustrate this point, the text notes that "an alcoholic is unable to coordinate his muscular movements properly" because the cerebellum is affected by alcohol. Answer: A severe injury to the Medulla Oblongata would likely be fatal because it controls the body's most critical and automatic life-sustaining functions. The source text confirms this directly, stating, "Injury to the medulla may result in immediate death of a person." The vital, involuntary activities it controls include the "beating of the heart, breathing, swallowing, digestion, sneezing, etc." Without the medulla's constant regulation of heartbeat and breathing, life cannot be sustained. Scenario 3: The Spinal Cord's Dual Role. Using only information from the source, contrast the function of the spinal cord in two different situations: (A) controlling a reflex below the neck, and (B) sending the sensation of touch from your hand to the brain. Explain how it acts as both a control center and a message conductor. o Answer: The spinal cord demonstrates its dual role in these two situations. (A) As a Control Center: In the case of a reflex below the neck, such as pulling a foot away from a sharp object, the spinal cord acts as the primary control center. One of its three main functions is to "control reflexes below the neck," meaning it can receive a sensory signal and issue a motor command directly without first sending the information to the brain for processing. (B) As a Message Conductor: When feeling the sensation of touch on the hand, the spinal cord functions as a message conductor or relay system. Another of its main functions is to "conduct messages from the skin and muscles to the brain." In this role, it doesn't make the decision itself but faithfully transmits the sensory information up to the cerebrum, which then interprets the sensation.

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