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New York Regents Earth Science June 2002

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The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, June 18, 2002 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only This is a test of your knowledge of Earth science. Use that knowledge to answer all questions in this examination. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. The Earth Science Reference Tables are supplied separately. Be certain you have a copy of the 2001 edition of these reference tables before you begin the examination. Your answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1 is the last page of this examination booklet. Turn to the last page and fold it along the perforations. Then, slowly and carefully, tear off your answer sheet and fill in the heading. Your answer booklet for Part B 2 and Part C is stapled in the center of this examination booklet. Open the examination booklet, carefully remove your answer booklet, and close the examination booklet. Then fill in the heading of your answer booklet. You are to answer all questions in all parts of this examination according to the directions provided in the examination booklet. Record your answers to the Part A and Part B 1 multiple-choice questions on your separate answer sheet. Write your answers to the Part B 2 and Part C questions in your answer booklet. All work should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to work out the answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers on your answer sheet and answer booklet. When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement printed at the end of your separate answer sheet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Your answer sheet and answer booklet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this declaration. Notice. . . A four-function or scientific calculator and a copy of the 2001 Earth Science Reference Tables must be available for your use while taking this examination. DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN. Part A Answer all questions in this part. Directions (1 35): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. 1 The dashed line on the map below shows a ship s route from Long Island, New York, to Florida. As the ship travels south, the star Polaris appears lower in the northern sky each night. 4 The diagrams below represent four rock samples. Which rock was formed by rapid cooling in a volcanic lava flow? [The diagrams are not to scale.] New York State Bands of alternating light and dark minerals (1) Glassy black rock that breaks with a shell-shape fracture (3) N Easily split layers of 0.0001-cm-diameter particles cemented together Florida (2) The best explanation for this observation is that Polaris (1) rises and sets at different locations each day (2) has an elliptical orbit around Earth (3) is located directly over Earth s Equator (4) is located directly over Earth s North Pole (4) 5 On June 21, some Earth locations have 24 hours of daylight. These locations are all between the latitudes of (1) 0 and 23 1 N 2 (2) 23 1 N and 47 N 2 2 When the dry-bulb temperature is 22 C and the wet-bulb temperature is 13 C, the relative humidity is (1) 10% (3) 41% (2) 33% (4) 59% (3) 47 N and 66 1 N 2 (4) 66 1 N and 90 N 2 6 The Milky Way galaxy is best described as (1) a type of solar system (2) a constellation visible to everyone on Earth (3) a region in space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (4) a spiral-shaped formation composed of billions of stars 3 As the altitude increases within Earth s stratosphere, air temperature generally (1) decreases, only (2) increases, only (3) decreases, then increases (4) increases, then decreases P.S. E./Sci. June 02 Interlocking 0.5-cm-diameter crystals of various colors [2] 7 The diagram below shows the Moon at four positions in its orbit around Earth as viewed from above the North Pole. Earth Moon North X Pole Rays from the Sun (Not drawn to scale) Beginning with the Moon at position X (the new-Moon phase), which sequence of Moon phases would be seen by an observer on Earth during 1 month? (1) (2) (3) (4) P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [3] [OVER] 8 The diagram below represents a simple geocentric model. Which object is represented by the letter X? 13 Which characteristics of a building material would provide the most energy-absorbing exterior covering for a house? (1) dark colored and smooth textured (2) dark colored and rough textured (3) light colored and smooth textured (4) light colored and rough textured x 14 When the time of day for a certain ship at sea is 12 noon, the time of day at the Prime Meridian (0 longitude) is 5 p.m. What is the ship s longitude? (1) 45 W (3) 75 W (2) 45 E (4) 75 E ( Not drawn to scale ) (1) Earth (2) Sun (3) Moon (4) Polaris 15 The occurrence of parallel scratches on bedrock in a U-shaped valley indicates that the area has most likely been eroded by (1) a glacier (3) waves (2) a stream (4) wind 9 Which condition would cause surface runoff to increase in a particular location? (1) covering a dirt road with pavement (2) reducing the gradient of a steep hill (3) planting grasses and shrubs on a hillside (4) having a decrease in the annual rainfall 16 Which weather change usually occurs when the difference between the air temperature and the dewpoint temperature is decreasing? (1) The amount of cloud cover decreases. (2) The probability of precipitation decreases. (3) The relative humidity increases. (4) The barometric pressure increases. 10 An increase in which gas would cause the most greenhouse warming of Earth s atmosphere? (1) nitrogen (3) carbon dioxide (2) oxygen (4) hydrogen 11 Scientists believe that Earth s early atmosphere changed in composition as a result of (1) the appearance of oxygen-producing organisms (2) the drifting of the continents (3) the changes in Earth s magnetic field (4) a transfer of gases from the Sun 17 In which list are the forms of electromagnetic energy arranged in order from longest to shortest wavelengths? (1) gamma rays, x rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light (2) radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays (3) x rays, infrared rays, blue light, gamma rays (4) infrared rays, radio waves, blue light, red light 12 Which atmospheric conditions would cause smoke from a campfire on a beach to blow toward the ocean? (1) warm air over the land and cool air over the ocean (2) humid air over the land and dry air over the ocean (3) low-density air over the land and highdensity air over the ocean (4) high air pressure over the land and low air pressure over the ocean P.S. E./Sci. June 02 18 On a clear summer day, the surface of land is usually warmer than the surface of a nearby body of water because the water (1) receives less insolation (2) reflects less insolation (3) has a higher density (4) has a higher specific heat [4] 22 The diagram below shows land features that have been disrupted by an earthquake. 19 The diagram below represents the present number of decayed and undecayed atoms in a sample that was originally 100% radioactive material. Road Road Key Which type of crustal movement most likely caused the displacement of features in this area? (1) vertical lifting of surface rock (2) folding of surface rock (3) down-warping of the crust (4) movement along a transform fault Decayed atoms Undecayed atoms If the half-life of the radioactive material is 1,000 years, what is the age of the sample represented by the diagram? (1) 1,000 yr (3) 3,000 yr (2) 2,000 yr (4) 4,000 yr 23 The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth (1) rotates (3) has seasons (2) has a tilted axis (4) revolves 20 Earth s outer core is best inferred to be (1) liquid, with an average density of approximately 4 g/cm3 (2) liquid, with an average density of approximately 11 g/cm3 (3) solid, with an average density of approximately 4 g/cm3 (4) solid, with an average density of approximately 11 g/cm3 24 Which interaction between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere causes most surface ocean currents? (1) cooling of rising air above the ocean surface (2) evaporation of water from the ocean surface (3) friction from planetary winds on the ocean surface (4) seismic waves on the ocean surface 21 The table below shows the rate of erosion and the rate of deposition at four stream locations. 25 On a field trip 40 kilometers east of the Finger Lakes, students observed a boulder of gneiss on the surface bedrock. This observation best supports the inference that the (1) surface sedimentary bedrock was weathered to form a boulder of gneiss (2) surface sedimentary bedrock melted and solidified to form a boulder of gneiss (3) gneiss boulder was formed from sediments that were compacted and cemented together (4) gneiss boulder was transported from its original area of formation Location Rate of Erosion Rate of Deposition (tons/year) (tons/year) A 3.00 3.25 B 4.00 4.00 C 4.50 4.65 D 5.60 5.20 A state of dynamic equilibrium exists at location (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [5] [OVER] 28 Which stream-drainage pattern most likely developed on the surface of a newly formed volcanic mountain? 26 The diagram below shows granite bedrock with cracks. Water has seeped into the cracks and frozen. The arrows represent the directions in which the cracks have widened due to weathering. Ice (1) (2) Which statement best describes the physical weathering shown by the diagram? (1) Enlargement of the cracks occurs because water expands when it freezes. (2) This type of weathering occurs only in bedrock composed of granite. (3) The cracks become wider because of chemical reactions between water and the rock. (4) This type of weathering is common in regions of primarily warm and humid climates. (3) (4) 29 The cross section below shows sedimentary rocks being eroded by water at a waterfall. 27 The table below shows the density of four mineral samples. Mineral Density (g/cm3) Cinnabar 8.2 Magnetite 5.2 Quartz 2.7 Siderite 3.9 The sedimentary rock layers are being weathered and eroded at different rates primarily because the rock layers (1) formed during different time periods (2) contain different fossils (3) have different compositions (4) are horizontal If the shape and size of the four mineral samples are the same, which mineral will settle most slowly in water? (1) cinnabar (3) quartz (2) magnetite (4) siderite P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [6] Base your answers to questions 30 and 31 on the photograph below, which shows an outcrop of sedimentary rock layers that have been tilted and slightly metamorphosed. 33 The diagram below shows a stream profile before and after an earthquake. Points A and B are locations along the streambed. Before Earthquake Direction of flow A B Streambed After Earthquake New position of streambed Direction of flow Original position of streambed A B Original position of streambed Fault What is the probable relationship between erosion and deposition at points A and B after the earthquake? (1) There is more deposition at point A and more erosion at point B. (2) There is more erosion at point A and more deposition at point B. (3) There is more deposition than erosion at points A and B. (4) There is more erosion than deposition at points A and B. 30 The tilted rock structure shown in the photograph is most likely the result of the (1) deposition of rock fragments on a mountain slope (2) reversal of past magnetic poles (3) passage of seismic waves (4) collision of crustal plates 31 Tilted, slightly metamorphosed rock layers such as these are typically found in which New York State landscape region? (1) Taconic Mountains (2) Atlantic Coastal Plain (3) Tug Hill Plateau (4) Erie-Ontario Lowlands Note that questions 34 and 35 have only three choices. 32 A stream with a water velocity of 150 centimeters per second decreases to a velocity of 100 centimeters per second. Which sediment size will most likely be deposited? (1) pebbles (3) boulders (2) sand (4) cobbles 35 Compared to the average density of the terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars), the average density of the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) is (1) less (2) greater (3) the same P.S. E./Sci. June 02 34 As air on the surface of Earth warms, the density of the air (1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same [7] [OVER] Part B 1 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (36 50): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 36 through 38 on the diagram below, which represents the elliptical orbit of a planet traveling around a star. Points A, B, C, and D are four positions of this planet in its orbit. D Star A C Foci Direction of movement B (Drawn to scale) 36 The calculated eccentricity of this orbit is approximately (1) 0.1 (3) 0.3 (2) 0.2 (4) 0.4 38 As the planet revolves in orbit from position A to position D, the orbital velocity will (1) continually decrease (2) continually increase (3) decrease, then increase (4) increase, then decrease 37 The gravitational attraction between the star and the planet will be greatest at position (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [8] Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the Properties of Common Minerals chart in the Earth Science Reference Tables. 39 The cross section below shows how prevailing winds have caused different climates on the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range. Wet (windward side) 41 Which mineral leaves when rubbed against plate? (1) galena (2) graphite Dry (leeward side) Prevailing wind Rain shadow Mountain range 43 Which statement about the minerals plagioclase feldspar, gypsum, biotite mica, and talc can best be inferred from the chart? (1) These minerals have the same chemical and physical properties. (2) These minerals have different chemical properties, but they have similar physical properties. (3) These minerals have different physical and chemical properties, but they have identical uses. (4) The physical and chemical properties of these minerals determine how humans use them. Amount of Precipitation Amount of Precipitation 40 Which graph best shows the average annual amounts of precipitation received at different latitudes on Earth? 90 60 30 0 30 60 90 South 44 Minerals from this chart are found in several different rocks. Which two rocks are primarily composed of a mineral that bubbles with acid? (1) limestone and marble (2) granite and dolostone (3) sandstone and quartzite (4) slate and conglomerate 90 60 30 0 30 60 90 North South (1) (3) Amount of Precipitation Latitude ( ) Amount of Precipitation Latitude ( ) 90 60 30 0 30 60 90 North South (3) hematite (4) pyrite 42 Which mineral scratches dolomite and is scratched by olivine? (1) galena (2) quartz (3) potassium feldspar (4) muscovite mica Why does the windward side of this mountain have a wet climate? (1) Rising air compresses and cools, causing the water droplets to evaporate. (2) Rising air compresses and warms, causing the water vapor to condense. (3) Rising air expands and cools, causing the water vapor to condense. (4) Rising air expands and warms, causing the water droplets to evaporate. North a green-black powder an unglazed porcelain 90 60 30 0 30 60 90 North South Latitude ( ) Latitude ( ) (2) (4) P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [9] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 45 through 49 on the cross sections below, which show widely separated outcrops at locations X, Y, and Z. Location X Location Z Location Y Gray limestone Unconsolidated glacial deposits (till) Conglomerate Brown siltstone -containing mammal skeletal fossils Brown siltstone -containing mammal skeletal fossils Red sandstone Gray limestone Gray limestone Black shale -containing trilobite fossils Conglomerate Tan limestone -containing ammonoid fossils Red sandstone -containing dinosaur footprints Black shale -containing trilobite fossils Green shale -containing trilobite and coral fossils Black shale -containing trilobite fossils Tan limestone -containing ammonoid fossils Gray siltstone -containing trilobite and brachiopod fossils Tan limestone -containing ammonoid fossils Green shale -containing trilobite and brachiopod fossils Red sandstone 45 Which rock layer is oldest? (1) gray siltstone (2) green shale (3) tan limestone (4) brown siltstone 48 The fossils in the rock formations at location X indicate that this area was often covered by (1) tropical rain forests (2) glacial ice (3) desert sand (4) seawater 46 At location Y, the boundary between the red sandstone and the black shale marks the (1) beginning of the Cenozoic Era (2) beginning of the Mesozoic Era (3) end of the Cenozoic Era (4) end of the Mesozoic Era 49 Which rock layer was formed by the compaction and cementation of particles that were all less than 0.0004 centimeter in diameter? (1) red sandstone (2) green shale (3) brown siltstone (4) conglomerate 47 An unconformity can be observed at location Z. Which rock layer was most probably removed by erosion during the time represented by the unconformity? (1) conglomerate (3) black shale (2) gray siltstone (4) brown siltstone P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [10] 50 The diagram below is a seismogram of the famous San Francisco earthquake of 1906, recorded at a seismic station located 6,400 kilometers from San Francisco. P-wave arrival S-wave arrival Which time scale best represents the arrival-time difference between P-waves and S-waves at this station? 0 P-wave arrival 4 Time (min) (1) 0 P-wave arrival P.S. E./Sci. June 02 0 S-wave arrival P-wave arrival 0 5 Time (min) (2) S-wave arrival P-wave arrival [11] 5 Time (min) (3) 5 S-wave arrival 10 Time (min) (4) S-wave arrival [OVER] Part B 2 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (51 60): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. 51 Using the proper format, place the following data on the weather station model provided in your answer booklet. [2] Dewpoint = 74 F Cloud cover = 100% Base your answers to questions 52 through 54 on the data table below, which shows one cycle of equinoxes and solstices for the northern hemispheres of several planets in the solar system and the tilt of each planet s axis. Data for the planets are based on Earth s time system. Data Table Planet Spring Equinox Summer Solstice Autumn Equinox Winter Solstice Tilt of Axis (degrees) Venus June 25 August 21 October 16 December 11 3.0 Earth March 21 June 21 September 23 December 22 23.5 Jupiter 1997 2000 2003 2006 3.0 Saturn 1980 1987 1995 2002 26.8 Uranus 1922 1943 1964 1985 82.0 Neptune 1880 1921 1962 2003 28.5 52 State the length, in years, of the spring season on Uranus. [1] 53 Describe the relationship between a planet s distance from the Sun and the length of a season on that planet. [1] 54 Identify two factors that cause seasons on Earth. [2] Base your answers to questions 55 and 56 on the data table below, which shows the volume and mass of three different samples, A, B, and C, of the mineral pyrite. Pyrite Sample Volume (cm3) Mass (g) A 2.5 12.5 B 6.0 30.0 C 20.0 100.0 55 On the grid provided in your answer booklet, plot the data (volume and mass) for the three samples of pyrite and connect the points with a line. [2] 56 State the mass of a 10.0-cm3 sample of pyrite. P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [12] [1] Base your answers to questions 57 through 59 on the topographic map below of an area in New York State. Points X and Y are locations on Squab Hollow Creek. 77o 37' 30'' 42o 07' 30'' 77o 30' 42o 07' 30'' 600 C o o ve r 0 60 Hi ck Hollow Yo u n g 600 600 or y 0 60 Hollo 50 0 w Cr eek 600 X Hollow Sq u a b Cr ee k Creek Y 60 0 0 60 42o 00' 42o 00' 77o 37' Contour interval 50 meters 30'' kilometers 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 77o 30' 7 8 9 10 57 In the space provided in your answer booklet, determine the gradient of Squab Hollow Creek between point X and point Y by following the directions below. a Using the Earth Science Reference Tables, write the equation used to determine the gradient. b Substitute values into the equation. [1] c Solve the equation and label the answer with the correct units. [2] 58 Describe one way to determine the direction of flow of Coover Hollow Creek from information shown on the map. [1] 59 Based on the latitude and longitude coordinates given, identify the New York State landscape region in which this map region is located. [1] P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [13] [OVER] 60 Some marine organisms swim or float in the ocean, and others live on or in the sediment of the ocean floor. A group of floating organisms called graptolites were common in some ancient seas that covered New York State and are found in some New York State bedrock. Floating graptolites State one reason why certain species of graptolites are used as an index fossil. P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [14] [1] Part C Answer all questions in this part. Directions (61 72): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 61 and 62 on the graph below and on the Luminosity and Temperature of Stars graph in the Earth Science Reference Tables. The graph below shows the inferred stages of development of the Sun, showing luminosity and surface temperature at various stages. Inferred Stages of Development 1,000,000 Luminosity 10,000 100 1 Sun Dust and gases White Dwarf stage 0.01 0.0001 20,000 10,000 5,000 2,500 Surface Temperature ( C) 61 Describe the changes in luminosity of the Sun that will occur from its current Main Sequence stage to its final White Dwarf stage. [1] 62 Which star shown on the Luminosity and Temperature of Stars graph in the Earth Science Reference Tables is currently at the Sun s final predicted stage of development? [1] P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [15] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 63 and 64 in part on the news article and map below. Points A and B on the map are reference points. Huge Quake Possible in Oregon Valley Scientists have warned for years that a magnitude 8 or 9 earthquake could strike about 30 miles off the Oregon coast, causing huge tsunamis (large ocean waves) and tremendous damage. Now scientists say these earthquakes could be centered much farther inland and cause severe damage to a larger area, including cities in Oregon such as Portland, Salem, and Eugene. Geologic evidence suggests that strong quakes in this area occur about every 400 years, plus or minus 200 years. The last one, believed to be a magnitude 9, occurred 300 years ago. A magnitude 8 quake can cause tremendous damage. The San Francisco quake of 1906 has been estimated at 7.9. The Mexico City quake of 1985 that left thousands dead was measured at 8.1. Explorer Ridge EXPLORER Sovanco PLATE Fracture Zone Va n co er Isl an d Juan d A e Fuc a Ridg e Nootka Fracture Zone uv JUAN DE FUCA PLATE Portland Salem Mt. Hood B Eugene Oregon Gorda Ridge Blanco Fracture Zone GORDA PLATE Mendocino Fracture Zone Pacific Ocean N 0 P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [16] 200 mi 63 The cross section in your answer booklet shows the lithosphere and asthenosphere between points A and B on the map. a On the cross section provided in your answer booklet, draw an arrow in the Juan de Fuca Plate to indicate the direction of the relative movement of the plate. [1] b Identify the type of tectonic plate boundary that exists at the Juan de Fuca Ridge. [1] c Identify the name of the plate in the cross section labeled x. [1] d How does the average earthquake depth beneath the Oregon coastline compare to the average earthquake depth beneath Mt. Hood? [1] 64 An emergency management specialist in Portland, Oregon, is developing a plan that would help save lives or prevent property damage in the event of a future earthquake. Describe two actions or ideas that should be included in the plan. [2] Base your answers to questions 65 and 66 in part on the maps below, which show areas of hurricane formation and normal hurricane paths in the Atlantic Ocean during May, July, and September. The areas of hurricane formation usually have surface ocean-water temperatures greater than 80 F. May North America July Atlantic Ocean North America Atlantic Ocean 40o N 40o W Equator 0o North America Atlantic Ocean 80o W 40o W 40o N 40o N 20o N 20o N 80o W September 20o N Equator 0o 80o W 40o W Equator 0o Key Area of hurricane formation Normal hurricane paths 65 How does the area of hurricane formation change from May to September? [1] 66 State one reason why most hurricane paths curve northeastward as hurricanes move north of 30 N latitude. [1] P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [17] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 67 through 69 on the weather map provided in your answer booklet. The weather map shows a low-pressure system over part of North America. Five weather stations are shown on the map. Lines AB, BC, and BD represent surface frontal boundaries. Line AB represents an occluded front that marks the center of a low-pressure system. Symbols cP and mT represent different air masses. 67 On the weather map provided in your answer booklet, place the proper front symbols on lines AB, BC, and BD. Place the front symbols on the correct side of each line to show the direction of front movement. [3] 68 Name the geographic region over which the mT air mass most likely formed. [1] 69 Other than low pressure, state two weather conditions associated with a lowpressure center. [2] Base your answers to questions 70 through 72 in part on the newspaper article shown below, taken and adapted from the Los Angeles Times. Volcanic Blast Shaped Earth Study finds eruption split an ancient continent, creating Atlantic Ocean The largest volcanic eruption in Earth s history so powerful it split an ancient supercontinent and created the Atlantic Ocean spewed millions of square miles of searing lava that extinguished much of life on ancient Earth. From hundreds of basalt outcrops that rim the Atlantic coasts, scientists have pieced together evidence of the titanic eruption 200 million years ago. Researchers said that the eruption set the fractured landmasses adrift and, by wedging them apart, gradually opened the gulf that created the Atlantic giving the map of the world the form it has today. This is one of the biggest things that has ever happened in Earth s history. This is a gigantic, igneous event and it all seems to have occurred in an amazingly brief amount of time. To reconstruct the ancient catastrophe, a team of scientists analyzed basalt dikes, sills, and lavas from the New Jersey Palisades, the Brazilian Amazon, Spain, and West Africa. By studying the chemical composition and dating the residual radioisotopes in the basaltic rocks, the researchers determined that the rocks all originated from the same eruption. Once they realized the outcrops were linked, they were able to determine that, in the distant past, the rocks all had been located together at the center of an immense continent called Pangea that once stretched, unbroken, from pole to pole. 70 Name the geologic time period when this major volcanic eruption initially opened the Atlantic Ocean. [1] 71 Scientists stated that rocks from the volcanic eruption that separated the continents are basalt. List two observable characteristics that are normally used to identify basaltic rock. [2] 72 Basaltic outcrops are not the only evidence of this ancient continental splitting. Describe another piece of evidence that supports the idea that the present-day continents were once part of the large ancient continent, Pangea, that split apart. [1] P.S. E./Sci. June 02 [18] The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING Tear Here EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, June 18, 2002 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only Student ANSWER SHEET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sex: Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Male Female Grade .......... .................................. Record your answers to Part A and Part B 1 on this answer sheet. Part B 1 Part A 1 ........... 13 . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . . . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . 44 . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ........... 14 . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . 45 . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ........... 15 . . . . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ........... 16 . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ........... 17 . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . 40 . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ........... 18 . . . . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ........... 19 . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ........... 20 . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ........... 21 . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . . Part B 1 Score Part A Score Write your answers to Part B 2 and Part C in your answer booklet. Tear Here The declaration below should be signed when you have completed the examination. I do hereby affirm, at the close of this examination, that I had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that I have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Signature Tear Here Tear Here The University of the State of New York Performance Test Score (Maximum Score: 23) REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING EARTH SCIENCE A Tuesday, June 18, 2002 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only ANSWER BOOKLET Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maximum Score Part Male Sex: Female 35 B 1 15 B 2 15 C Student s Score 20 Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grade . . . . . . . . Answer all questions in Part B 2 and Part C. Record your answers in this booklet. Total Written Test Score (Maximum Raw Score: 85) Final Score (from conversion chart) Raters Initials: Rater 1 . . . . . . . . . Rater 2 Part B 2 ......... For Raters Only 51 51 52 52 years 53 53 54 (1) 54 (2) [a] [OVER] For Raters Only 55 110 100 90 80 Mass (grams) 70 60 55 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 Volume (cm3) 56 57 grams 56 a Gradient = b Gradient = 57b Gradient = c c [b] For Raters Only 58 58 59 59 60 60 Total Score for Part B 2 Part C 61 61 62 62 63 a ge A x O n cea uc eF nd Jua id aR e nd Jua te Fuc la aP Sea level North American Plate 30 mi 60 mi ch n Tre e stlin Coa lem d Sa Hoo B Mt. 63a Asthenosphere 90 mi b plate boundary b c Plate c d d 64 (1) 64 (2) [c] [OVER] For Raters Only 65 65 66 66 67 Canada New York State A 35 40 cP B 76 42 mT 81 D 67 Atlantic Ocean C Gulf of Mexico N Mexico 100 300 500 miles 68 68 69 (1) 69 (2) 70 Period 70 71 (1) 71 (2) 72 72 [d] Total Score for Part C FOR TEACHERS ONLY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PS ES PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, June 18, 2002 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions to the Teacher: Refer to the directions on page 3 before rating student papers. Part A and Part B 1 Allow 1 credit for each correct response. Part B 1 Part B 1 Part A 4 1 ........... 13 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 25 . . . . . 4. . . . . . 2 36 . . . . . . . . . . . 44 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 2 2 ........... 14 . . . . . 3. . . . . . 26 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 1 37 . . . . . . . . . . . 45 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 2 3 ........... 15 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 27 . . . . . 3. . . . . . 3 38 . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 3 4 ........... 16 . . . . . 3. . . . . . 28 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 3 39 . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 4 5 ........... 17 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 29 . . . . . 3. . . . . . 2 40 . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . 4. . . . . . 4 6 ........... 18 . . . . . 4. . . . . . 30 . . . . . 4. . . . . . 4 41 . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 2 7 ........... 19 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 31 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 3 42 . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . 3. . . . . . 1 8 ........... 20 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 32 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 4 43 . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9 ........... 21 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 33 . . . . . 2. . . . . . 3 10 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . 4. . . . . . 34 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 1 11 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 35 . . . . . 1. . . . . . 4 12 . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . 3. . . . . . Part B 1 Score Part A Score 2 [1] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Directions to the Teacher Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Physical Setting/Earth Science examination. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information Booklet for Administering and Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences. Use only red ink or red pencil in rating Regents papers. Do not correct the student s work by making insertions or changes of any kind. On the detachable answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1, indicate by means of a checkmark each incorrect or omitted answer. In the box provided at the end of each part, record the number of questions the student answered correctly for that part. At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of each student s responses to the Part B 2 and Part C open-ended questions. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score all the open-ended questions on a student s answer paper. Students responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge as indicated by the examples in the rating guide. In the student s answer booklet, record the number of credits earned for each answer in the box printed to the right of the answer lines or spaces for that question. Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given to a response. Units need not be given when the wording of the questions allows such omissions. Raters should enter the scores earned for Part A, Part B 1, Part B 2, and Part C on the appropriate lines in the box printed on the answer booklet and then should add these four scores and enter the total in the box labeled Total Written Test Score. The student s score for the Earth Science Performance Test should be entered in the space provided. Then, the student s raw scores on the performance test and written test should be converted to a scaled score by using the conversion chart printed at the end of this Scoring Key and Rating Guide. The student s scaled score should be entered in the labeled box on the student s answer booklet. The scaled score is the student s final examination score. All student answer papers that receive a scaled score of 60 through 64 must be scored a second time. For the second scoring, a different committee of teachers may score the student s paper or the original committee may score the paper, except that no teacher may score the same open-ended questions that he/she scored in the first rating of the paper. The school principal is responsible for assuring that the student s final examination score is based on a fair, accurate, and reliable scoring of the student s answer paper. Because scaled scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one examination to another, it is crucial that for each administration, the conversion chart provided in the scoring key for that administration be used to determine the student s final score. The chart in this scoring key is usable only for this administration of the examination. [3] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part B 2 Allow a total of 15 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 51 [2] 74 Allow 1 credit for placing 74 in the proper location. Do not allow credit for 74 or 74 F. and Allow 1 credit for shading in the station circle completely. 52 [1] Allow 1 credit for 20 or 21 or 22 years. 53 [1] Allow 1 credit for a response that indicates that the length of a planet s season increases with increasing distance from the Sun. 54 [2] Allow 2 credits, 1 credit for each of two correct responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: tilt of Earth s axis parallelism of Earth s axis Earth s revolution around the Sun [4] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 55 [2] 110 100 90 80 Mass (grams) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 Volume (cm3) Allow 1 credit if all three points are plotted correctly for the pyrite samples ( 2 units). and Allow 1 credit for correctly connecting with a line all three points plotted by the student. 56 [1] Allow 1 credit for 50.0 grams or 50 g. or Allow 1 credit for a response that is consistent with the student s graph in question 55. [5] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 57 [3] a Allow no credit for writing the equation. b Allow 1 credit for substituting the value of both acceptable measurements into the equation given in part a. Allow 0.7 km. Allow credit even if the units are not given. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: g = 600 m 500 m 5 km g = 100 m 5 km c Allow 1 credit for a response that correctly solves the equation with the numerical substitutions that are consistent with the student s answer to part b. and Allow 1 credit for the correct units (m/km) that are consistent with the student s answer to part b. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: gradient = 20 m/km g = 20 m/km 58 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses should indicate an understanding of map reading. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Contour lines bend upstream when crossing the creek. The stream flows from higher elevations toward lower elevations. Note: Do not allow credit for water flows downhill from the source toward the mouth. 59 [1] Allow 1 credit for Allegheny Plateau or Appalachian Plateau. 60 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Graptolites floated freely in the ocean and could distribute themselves easily over a wide geographic area. Certain species of graptolite existed for a limited geologic time. Certain species of graptolite are unique and easily identified. [6] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part C Allow a total of 20 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 61 [1] Allow 1 credit for a response that states that luminosity increases, then decreases. 62 [1] Allow 1 credit for Procyon B. 63 [4] ge A x n cea O uc eF nd Jua id aR Jua e nd a Fuc te Pla ch n Tre Sea level North American Plate 30 mi 60 mi tline oas m C e d Sal . Hoo B Mt Asthenosphere 90 mi a Allow 1 credit for correctly drawing an arrow in the direction of the relative movement in the Juan de Fuca Plate. Student answers should appear generally like the diagram. b Allow 1 credit for divergent or mid-ocean ridge plate boundary. c Allow 1 credit for the Pacific Plate. d Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, this example: Earthquakes along the Oregon coastline are not as deep as earthquakes that occur beneath Mt. Hood. 64 [2] Allow 2 credits, 1 credit for each of two correct responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: plan evacuation routes identifying relative earthquake hazard zones or areas that are subject to damage during an earthquake plan emergency communication procedures (radio broadcast) developing emergency information brochures store food, supplies, and fresh water build earthquake-proof structures practice emergency rescue drills identify shelter locations [7] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 65 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: The area of hurricane formation increases from May to September. The area spreads eastward. 66 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Hurricanes turn northeast due to the planetary wind belt they move into. The jet stream causes the path of most hurricanes to curve toward the northeast. 67 [3] Canada New York State A 35 40 cP B 76 42 D mT 81 Atlantic Ocean C Gulf of Mexico N Mexico 100 300 500 miles Line AB is an occluded front. Line BC is a cold front. Line BD is a warm front. Allow 2 credits for the placement of the correct symbol on all three fronts, regardless of which side of the line the symbols are on. Allow only 1 credit for the placement of the correct symbol on only one or two of the three fronts, regardless of which side of the line the symbols are on. and Allow 1 credit for placing all three correct front symbols on the correct side of the line. [8] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 68 [1] Allow 1 credit for Gulf of Mexico or Atlantic Ocean. 69 [2] Allow 2 credits, 1 credit for each of two correct responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: high relative humidity greater cloud cover increased precipitation 70 [1] Allow 1 credit for Jurassic Period. 71 [2] Allow 2 credits, 1 credit for each of two correct responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: fine grained (crystals less than 1 mm) glassy texture vesicular texture dark colored mafic (high Fe and Mg content) high density (3.0 g/cm3) mineral composition: plagioclase feldspar pyroxene olivine amphibole 72 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Continents fit together like puzzle pieces. Continents have matching bedrock types along coastlines. Continents have correlating fossils. strips of magnetic reversals found in ocean bedrock [9] Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science June 2002 Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score (Use for June 2002 examination only.) To determine the student s final examination score, locate the student s total performance test score across the top of the chart and the student s total written test score down the side of the chart. The point where those two scores intersect is the student s final examination score. For example, a student receiving a total performance test score of 14 and a total written test score of 68 would receive a final examination score of 85. Total Written Test Score Total Performance Test Score Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science June 2002 Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score (Use for June 2002 examination only.) Total Written Test Score Total Performance Test Score PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE concluded Map to Core Curriculum [12]

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