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New York Regents Earth Science August 2004

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PS/EARTH SCIENCE The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, August 17, 2004 12:30 to 3:30 p.m., only This is a test of your knowledge of Earth science. Use that knowledge to answer all questions in this examination. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. The Earth Science Reference Tables are supplied separately. Be certain you have a copy of the 2001 edition of these reference tables before you begin the examination. Your answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1 is the last page of this examination booklet. Turn to the last page and fold it along the perforations. Then, slowly and carefully, tear off your answer sheet and fill in the heading. The answers to the questions in Part B 2 and Part C are to be written in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on the front of your answer booklet. You are to answer all questions in all parts of this examination according to the directions provided in the examination booklet. Record your answers to the Part A and Part B 1 multiple-choice questions on your separate answer sheet. Write your answers to the Part B 2 and Part C questions in your answer booklet. All work should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to work out the answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers on your separate answer sheet and in your answer booklet. When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement printed at the end of your separate answer sheet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Your answer sheet and answer booklet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this declaration. Notice. . . A four-function or scientific calculator and a copy of the 2001 Earth Science Reference Tables must be available for your use while taking this examination. DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN. PS/EARTH SCIENCE Part A Answer all questions in this part. Directions (1 35): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. 1 One complete cycle of the phases of the Moon takes approximately one (1) day (3) month (2) week (4) year 5 The diagram below is a constructed ellipse. F1 and F2 are the foci of the ellipse. 2 The diagram below shows the Moon at four positions in its orbit around Earth. F1 F2 1 Earth 2 North Pole 4 The eccentricity of this constructed ellipse is closest to the eccentricity of the orbit of which planet? (1) Mercury (3) Saturn (2) Earth (4) Pluto Rays from the Sun 6 The diagram below shows the noontime shadow cast by a vertical post located in New York State. 3 (Not drawn to scale) D An observer on Earth could see a solar eclipse when the Moon is at position (1) 1 (3) 3 (2) 2 (4) 4 C A B 3 Which two stars have the most similar luminosity and temperature? (1) Betelgeuse and Barnard s Star (2) Rigel and Betelgeuse (3) Alpha Centauri and the Sun (4) Sirius and Procyon B Which letter indicates a location west of the post? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 4 Which planet would float if it could be placed in water? (1) Mercury (3) Saturn (2) Earth (4) Pluto P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 7 On March 21, at which location in New York State would sunrise occur first? (1) Riverhead (3) Buffalo (2) Syracuse (4) Massena [2] 8 Earth is farthest from the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere s summer, and Earth is closest to the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere s winter. During which season in the Northern Hemisphere is Earth s orbital velocity greatest? (1) winter (3) summer (2) spring (4) fall 13 Which diagram correctly shows how surface winds are deflected (curved) in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres due to Earth s rotation? Key Original direction of wind Deflected path of wind 9 The diagram below represents the direction of Earth s rotation as it appears from above the North Pole. Point X is a location on Earth s surface. North Pole Rotation (1) Rotation (3) North Pole Rotation (2) Sun s rays North Pole North Pole Point X North Pole Rotation (4) Direction of rotation The time at point X is closest to (1) 9 a.m. (3) 9 p.m. (2) 12 noon (4) 12 midnight 10 As a ship crosses the Prime Meridian, an observer on the ship measures the altitude of Polaris at 60 . What is the ship s location? (1) 60 south latitude and 0 longitude (2) 60 north latitude and 0 longitude (3) 0 latitude and 60 east longitude (4) 0 latitude and 60 west longitude 14 The diagram below shows points A, B, C, and D on a meandering stream. A 11 Which part of the Sun s electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelength? (1) radio wave radiation (2) infrared radiation (3) visible light radiation (4) x-ray radiation B D At which point does the greatest stream erosion occur? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 12 Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling air pressure? (1) Humidity is decreasing. (2) Temperature is decreasing. (3) Skies are clearing. (4) A storm is approaching. P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 C [3] [OVER] 15 The diagram below shows a greenhouse. n atio sol In 17 The California Ocean Current, which flows along the west coast of North America, is a (1) cool current, flowing north (2) cool current, flowing south (3) warm current, flowing north (4) warm current, flowing south Clear glass 18 Which change at a particular location in a stream usually causes more sediments to be deposited at that location? (1) decrease in stream velocity (2) decrease in stream width (3) increase in stream slope (4) increase in stream discharge Greenhouse 19 Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic based primarily on their (1) texture (2) crystal or grain size (3) method of formation (4) mineral composition What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse? (1) The glass reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse. (2) The glass allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and all wavelengths of radiation to escape. (3) The glass allows short wavelengths of radiation to enter, but reduces the amount of longwavelength radiation that escapes. (4) The glass allows long wavelengths of radiation to enter, but reduces the amount of shortwavelength radiation that escapes. 20 The internal atomic structure of a mineral most likely determines the mineral s (1) color, streak, and age (2) origin, exposure, and fracture (3) size, location, and luster (4) hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape 16 The cross section below shows the prevailing winds that cause different climates on the windward and leeward sides of this mountain range. Windward side Prevailing wind 21 How are the minerals biotite mica and muscovite mica different? (1) Biotite mica is colorless, but muscovite mica is not. (2) Biotite mica contains iron and/or magnesium, but muscovite mica does not. (3) Muscovite mica scratches quartz, but biotite mica does not. (4) Muscovite mica cleaves into thin sheets, but biotite mica does not. Leeward side Mountain range Ocean 22 Which three minerals are most commonly found in the igneous rock granite? (1) amphibole, calcite, and hematite (2) amphibole, biotite mica, and gypsum (3) plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine (4) plagioclase feldspar, potassium feldspar, and quartz Compared to the climate conditions on the leeward side of this mountain range, the conditions on the windward side are usually (1) cooler and wetter (2) cooler and drier (3) warmer and wetter (4) warmer and drier P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [4] 23 The cross sections below show different patterns of air movement in Earth s atmosphere. Air temperatures at Earth s surface are indicated in each cross section. Which cross section shows the most likely pattern of air movement in Earth s atmosphere that would result from the surface air temperatures shown? Warm Warm l Coo Earth s surface Coo l Coo l Earth s surface (1) l Coo l (3) Warm Coo Warm Earth s surface Coo l Coo l Earth s surface Coo l (4) (2) 24 The diagrams below represent four permeable sediment samples. The sediments are composed of the same material, but differ in particle size and sorting. Which sediment sample will most likely have the fastest groundwater infiltration rate? (1) (2) P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 (3) (4) [5] [OVER] 25 The diagram below represents three seismograms showing the same earthquake as it was recorded at three different seismic stations, A, B, and C. S P Station A 08:15:00 08:20:00 08:25:00 08:30:00 Key P = P-wave arrival S = S-wave arrival S P 00:00:00 Station B 08:15:00 P 08:20:00 08:25:00 08:30:00 08:25:00 hours minutes seconds 08:30:00 S Station C 08:15:00 08:20:00 Which statement correctly describes the distance between the earthquake epicenter and these seismic stations? (1) A is closest to the epicenter, and C is farthest from the epicenter. (2) B is closest to the epicenter, and C is farthest from the epicenter. (3) C is closest to the epicenter, and A is farthest from the epicenter. (4) A is closest to the epicenter, and B is farthest from the epicenter. P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [6] 26 A camera was placed outside at night and pointed directly at Polaris and several other stars. The lens was kept open and a time-exposure photograph was taken. The diagram below represents that photograph of Polaris and star trails, with an angular protractor to measure apparent motion. 360 0 30 330 trail 2 Sta Star 270 4 trail ar t r 60 t ar St l 1 rai S 300 90 Polaris i tra l6 ar trai l3 5 St 240 il tra tar S 120 150 210 180 How many hours was the lens kept open to create the star trails in this photograph? (1) 1 hour (3) 3 hours (2) 6 hours (4) 4 hours 27 The sequence of bedrock cross sections below represents the same landscape region over a period of geologic time. Narrow canyon Plateau Mesa Plain Butte Sea level 25 million years ago 15 million years ago Present time This sequence best represents (1) an arid region that experienced mostly uplifting forces (2) an arid region that experienced mostly erosional forces (3) a humid region that experienced mostly uplifting forces (4) a humid region that experienced mostly erosional forces P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [7] [OVER] 32 Bedrock outcrops A and B are located at two different locations along the Genesee River in western New York State. Rock layers 1, 2, and 4 are the same in both outcrops. 28 Which method of energy transfer is primarily responsible for energy being lost from Earth into space? (1) conduction (3) solidification (2) convection (4) radiation 29 When a continental crustal plate collides with an oceanic crustal plate, the continental crust is forced to move over the oceanic crust. What is the primary reason that the continental crust stays on top of the oceanic crust? (1) Continental crust is less dense. (2) Continental crust deforms less easily. (3) Continental crust melts at higher temperatures. (4) Continental crust contains more mafic minerals. 4 3 2 2 1 1 Outcrop A Outcrop B Which statement best explains why rock layer 3 is missing from outcrop B? (1) A fault exists between outcrops A and B. (2) Erosion created an unconformity between rock layers 2 and 4 in outcrop B. (3) A volcanic eruption destroyed rock layer 3 in outcrop B. (4) Metamorphism of outcrop A created rock layer 3. 30 Earth s fossil record shows evidence that (1) very few life-forms have become extinct (2) life-forms existed on land before life-forms existed in water (3) more complex life-forms probably have evolved from less complex life-forms (4) older bedrock contains a great variety of lifeforms, while younger bedrock contains less variety of life-forms 33 Fossilized footprints of Coelophysis dinosaurs have been found in bedrock closest to which New York State location? (1) New York City (3) Watertown (2) Old Forge (4) Niagara Falls 31 Large garnet mineral crystals are found in the metamorphic surface bedrock in which New York State landscape region? (1) Catskills (2) Adirondacks (3) Erie-Ontario Lowlands (4) Tug Hill Plateau P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 4 34 A sample of wood that originally contained 100 grams of carbon-14 now contains only 25 grams of carbon-14. Approximately how many years ago was this sample part of a living tree? (1) 2,850 years (3) 11,400 years (2) 5,700 years (4) 17,100 years [8] 35 The block diagram below represents a deeply eroded dome. Which map shows the stream drainage pattern that would most likely develop on this deeply eroded dome? (1) (2) P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 (3) (4) [9] [OVER] Part B 1 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (36 50): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 36 through 38 on the diagram below, which shows the altitude and apparent position of the noontime Sun, as seen from various latitudes on Earth on a particular day of the year. Letters A through D represent locations on Earth s surface. North Pole 0 2 25 1 2 66 1 N 43 Sun s rays A B 41 N tor a Equ 23 1 N 2 Night 0 90 Day Sun s apparent positions at noon C 47 23 1 S 2 2 23 1 D 66 1 S 2 South Pole (Not drawn to scale) 36 Which lettered location will experience the shortest period of daylight during one Earth rotation on this day? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 37 What is the altitude of the noontime Sun at the Equator on this date? (1) 23 1 2 (3) 66 1 2 (2) 43 (4) 90 38 Which season will begin at 41 N latitude, three months after the date represented by this diagram? (1) summer (3) winter (2) fall (4) spring P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [10] Base your answers to questions 39 through 41 on the graph below, which shows the water levels of ocean tides measured in Boston, Massachusetts, for a 2-day period. Monday Midnight 6 a.m. Noon Tuesday 6 p.m. Midnight 6 a.m. Noon 6 p.m. Midnight 6 p.m. Midnight 6 a.m. Noon 6 p.m. Midnight Ocean Tide Water Level (meters) 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 Midnight 6 a.m. Noon Monday Tuesday 39 The graph shows that high tides at Boston occur approximately every (1) 3.5 hours (3) 12.5 hours (2) 6.0 hours (4) 16.0 hours 40 If the trends shown by the graph continue, which statement best describes the next low tide at Boston that is expected to occur on Wednesday? (1) It will occur about 3 a.m. with a 0.4-meter water level. (2) It will occur about 6 a.m. with a 0.6-meter water level. (3) It will occur about 9 p.m. with a 2.6-meter water level. (4) It will occur about 10 p.m. with a 2.8-meter water level. 41 The gravitational pull of the Moon has the greatest influence on the water levels of Earth s ocean tides. If the distance between the Moon and Earth were to decrease steadily for the week following the time shown on the graph, which water-level changes would be expected to occur? (1) High tides would get higher and low tides would get lower. (2) High tides would get lower and low tides would get higher. (3) Both high tides and low tides would get higher. (4) Both high tides and low tides would get lower. P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [11] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 42 through 45 on the satellite image below, which shows a Northern Hemisphere hurricane, and on your knowledge of Earth science. 42 What is the usual surface wind pattern around the eye of Northern Hemisphere hurricanes? (1) clockwise and outward (3) counterclockwise and outward (2) clockwise and inward (4) counterclockwise and inward 43 Which air mass is normally associated with the formation of hurricanes? (1) continental tropical (3) continental polar (2) maritime tropical (4) maritime polar 44 Clouds form in the hurricane because the air is (1) sinking, expanding, and cooling (3) rising, expanding, and cooling (2) sinking, compressing, and warming (4) rising, compressing, and warming 45 When the eye of this hurricane reaches 43 N latitude, this hurricane will most likely be pushed by planetary winds toward the (1) northwest (3) southwest (2) northeast (4) southeast P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [12] Base your answers to questions 46 through 48 on the diagram below, which shows details of a section of a rift valley in the center of a mid-ocean ridge. The vertical lines in the diagram represent faults and fractures within the ocean floor bedrock. Depth Below Sea Level (km) Lava flows 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 1 2 3 4 Width (km) 5 6 46 What will be the primary result of the continuation of the geologic processes indicated at this location? (1) Earth s magnetic field will reverse direction. (2) Continental crust will be forced downward. (3) Earth s circumference will increase. (4) New oceanic crust will form. 47 Which type of crustal plate boundary is shown in this diagram? (1) divergent (3) universal (2) convergent (4) transform 48 The dark-colored lava flows shown in the diagram were pushed from the magma chamber onto the surface of the ocean floor. Which characteristics are present in the solid rock that formed when the lava flows cooled? (1) generally small grain size and mafic composition (2) generally small grain size and felsic composition (3) generally large grain size and mafic composition (4) generally large grain size and felsic composition P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [13] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 49 and 50 on the cross section below. The cross section shows a typical bedrock structure where oil and natural gas deposits are found. Oil well Natural gas well Saturated with natural gas Saturated with oil Saturated with saltwater Saturated with saltwater Key Shale Sandstone Sandstone saturated with oil 49 The natural gas, oil, and saltwater have formed layers at different levels in the same rock layer due to the (1) principle of superposition (2) principle of original horizontality (3) differences in the density of the three materials (4) differences in the geologic age of the three materials 50 According to the diagram, in which type of rock are these natural gas and oil deposits found? (1) coarse-textured igneous rock (2) foliated metamorphic rock (3) porous clastic sedimentary rock (4) intrusive crystalline sedimentary rock P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [14] Part B 2 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (51 63): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 51 and 52 on the weather map below, which shows the position of a lowpressure system. The L is the center of the low. The shaded portion represents an area of precipitation. A weather station model for Albany, New York, is shown on the map. 38 38 Albany L N 51 What type of front extends eastward from the low-pressure center? [1] 52 In your answer booklet, complete the weather data table for Albany, New York, based on the station model shown on the map. [2] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [15] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 53 and 54 on the diagram below, which shows a clear plastic tube containing water and a beaker containing a mixture of rounded quartz grains of different sizes. Tube containing water Beaker containing mixture of quartz grains (2 4 mm in diameter) (Not drawn to scale) 53 When the rounded quartz grains are poured all at once into the tube, the grains will settle to the bottom of the tube. On the cross section provided in your answer booklet, draw the approximate grain sizes and pattern of arrangement of the rounded quartz grains at the bottom of the tube. [1] 54 The side-view diagram below shows the same mixture and amount of rounded quartz grains being poured all at once into a moving stream with a depth of 3 meters. Side View of Stream Particles being poured Top of stream Direction of streamflow Bottom of stream 12 meters Describe the general location of the 2-mm-diameter rounded quartz grains compared to the 4-mm-diameter rounded quartz grains as they are transported and deposited downstream. [1] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [16] Base your answers to questions 55 and 56 on the weather map provided in your answer booklet, which shows surface air-pressure readings, in millibars, at various locations in the United States and Canada. The 1020-millibar isobars have been drawn and labeled. 55 Draw the 1024- and 1028-millibar isobars on the weather map provided in your answer booklet. [2] 56 What weather instrument was most likely used to measure these air pressures? [1] Base your answers to questions 57 through 60 on the geologic cross section below. Radioactive dating indicates that the granite intrusion is 279 million years old and the vesicular basalt is 260 million years old. The rock layers have not been overturned. Sandstone Vesicular basalt Key Shale Contact metamorphism Limestone Granite intrusion Siltstone 57 List the six rock units in the order from the oldest to the youngest. 58 During which geologic time period did the shale layer form? [1] [1] 59 The granite intrusion caused part of the limestone layer to undergo metamorphism. What metamorphic rock would most likely be found in this zone of contact metamorphism? [1] 60 Describe the rate of cooling that must occur for magma to form vesicular basalt. [1] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [17] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 61 through 63 on the information, table, and photographs below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Herkimer Diamonds Gem-quality Herkimer Diamonds are hexagonal-shaped quartz crystals found in some of the surface bedrock of Herkimer, New York. Herkimer is located at approximately 43 north latitude and 75 west longitude. The oldest of these gemstones are believed to be approximately 500 million years old. These quartz crystals are magnificent works of nature that have a natural diamondlike geometric shape formed when the quartz crystallized. Natural Herkimer Diamonds were not cut or shaped by humans. Due to their appearance, Herkimer Diamonds are commonly used in jewelry. These quartz crystals are not true diamonds. Mineral Characteristics of Herkimer Diamonds (Quartz) and True Diamonds Mineral Color Chemical Composition Luster Hardness Dominant Form of Breakage Herkimer Diamond (quartz) Colorless or variable SiO2 Glassy 7 Fracture True diamond Colorless or variable C Glassy 10 Cleavage Photographs of Herkimer Diamonds (Quartz) 61 List two mineral characteristics that differ between Herkimer Diamonds and true diamonds. [1] 62 State one use for Herkimer Diamonds (quartz), other than their use in jewelry. [1] 63 On the New York State map provided in your answer booklet, mark with a dot the location of Herkimer, New York. Draw a small circle around your dot ( ) to make the dot easily seen. [1] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [18] Part C Answer all questions in this part. Directions (64 77): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 64 and 65 on the topographic map shown below. Points A, B, C, and D are reference points on the map. Elevations are measured in meters. C 35 0 A B 25 0 300 Lo ng Cr ee k D Contour interval = 10 meters N 0 1 2 kilometers 64 On the grid provided in your answer booklet, construct a topographic profile along line AB, by plotting a point for the elevation of each contour line that crosses line AB and connecting the points with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile. [2] 65 Calculate the gradient of Long Creek between points C and D and label the answer with the correct units. [2] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [19] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 66 and 67 on the map below, which shows one method of classifying Earth s surface into latitudinal climate belts. In the tropical climate belt, the average monthly temperatures never drop below 18 C. In the polar climate belts, the average monthly temperatures never rise above 10 C. The isotherms show the average monthly temperature of the coolest and warmest months. Effects of elevation have been omitted. 10 C isotherm of warmest month Polar climates (no summer) Latitude 60 N 18 C isotherm of coolest month 40 N Mid-latitude climates 20 N Tropical climates (no winter) 0 20 S 18 C isotherm of coolest month Mid-latitude climates 40 S Polar climates 10 C isotherm of warmest month (no summer) 60 S 66 According to the isotherms on the map, locations in the mid-latitude climate belts have average monthly temperatures between what values? [1] 67 Describe a specific characteristic of insolation received in the tropical climate belt region that causes the average monthly temperature to remain warm all year. [1] 68 New York State s Adirondacks are classified as a mountain landscape region. Describe one bedrock characteristic and one land surface characteristic that were used to classify the Adirondacks as a mountain landscape region. [2] 69 The map provided in your answer booklet shows six source regions for different air masses that affect the weather of North America. The directions of movement of the air masses are shown. Using the standard two-letter air-mass symbols from the Earth Science Reference Tables, label the air masses by writing the correct symbol in each circle on the map. [2] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [20] Base your answers to questions 70 and 71 on the information below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Accurate observations of the Sun were made by a New York State observer. This person observed the time of sunrise and the position of sunrise along the eastern horizon for each day during the month of May. 70 Describe how the time of sunrise changed for the observer each day during the month of May. [1] 71 State the actual Earth motion that causes the Sun to appear to rise each day. [1] Base your answers to questions 72 and 73 on the data table below, which shows the amount of water vapor, in grams per cubic meter, that will saturate 1 cubic meter of air at different temperatures. Amount of Water Vapor That Will Saturate 1 Cubic Meter of Air at Different Temperatures Air Temperature ( C) Water Vapor (g/m3) 20 1 10 2 0 5 10 9 20 17 30 29 40 50 72 On the grid provided in your answer booklet, construct a line graph of the data, following the directions below. a Place the name of the correct variable along the y-axis. Include the correct units. [1] b Mark an appropriate numerical scale showing equal intervals along the y-axis. [1] c Plot the amount of water that will saturate 1 cubic meter of air at the temperatures shown in the data table. Connect the points with a smooth, curved line. [1] 73 Describe the relationship between the air temperature and the amount of water vapor necessary to saturate the air. [1] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [21] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 74 through 77 on the information below and on your knowledge of Earth science. In the 1930s, most scientists believed that Earth s crust and interior were solid and motionless. A small group of scientists were talking about continental drift, which is the idea that Earth s crust is not stationary, but is constantly shifting and moving. From seismic data, geophysical evidence, and laboratory experiments, scientists now generally agree that lithospheric plates move at the surface. Both Earth s surface and interior are in motion. Solid rock in the mantle can be softened and shaped when subjected to the heat and pressure within Earth s interior over millions of years. Subduction processes are believed by many scientists to be the driving force of plate tectonics. At present, this theory cannot be directly observed and confirmed. The lithospheric plates have moved in the past and are still moving today. The details of why and how they move will continue to challenge scientists. 74 Earth s crust is described as constantly shifting and moving. Give one example of geologic evidence that supports the conclusion that continents have drifted apart. [1] 75 The information given suggests that subduction processes are the driving force of plate tectonics. Identify a specific location of a subduction zone on Earth. [1] 76 According to the Earth Science Reference Tables, at what inferred depth is mantle rock partially melted and slowly moving below the lithospheric plates? [1] 77 According to the geologic record, during which geologic time period did the lithospheric plates that made up Pangea begin to break up? [1] P.S./E. Sci. Aug. 04 [22] The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING Tear Here EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, August 17, 2004 12:30 to 3:30 p.m., only ANSWER SHEET Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sex: Male Female Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Record your answers to Part A and Part B 1 on this answer sheet. Part B 1 Part A 1 ............ 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . . . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ............ 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ............ 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ............ 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ............ 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ............ 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ............ 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ............ 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ............ 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . Part B 1 Score Part A Score Write your answers to Part B 2 and Part C in your answer booklet. Tear Here The declaration below should be signed when you have completed the examination. I do hereby affirm, at the close of this examination, that I had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that I have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Signature PS/EARTH SCIENCE Tear Here Tear Here PS/EARTH SCIENCE FOR TEACHERS ONLY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PS ES PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE Tuesday, August 17, 2004 12:30 to 3:30 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions to the Teacher: Refer to the directions on page 3 before rating student papers. Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be posted on the New York State Education Department s web site during the rating period. Visit the site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ and select the link Latest Information for any recently posted information regarding this examination. This site should be checked before the rating process for this examination begins and at least one more time before the final scores for the examination are recorded. Part A and Part B 1 Allow 1 credit for each correct response. Part B 1 Part A 1 . . . . . .3 . . . . . . 13 . . . . . .3. . . . . . 25 . . . . .3 . . . . . . 36 . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 44 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . .4 . . . . . . 14 . . . . . .3. . . . . . 26 . . . . .4 . . . . . . 37 . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . 45 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . .3 . . . . . . 15 . . . . . .3. . . . . . 27 . . . . .2 . . . . . . 38 . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 46 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . .3 . . . . . . 16 . . . . . .1. . . . . . 28 . . . . .4 . . . . . . 39 . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . 47 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . .4 . . . . . . 17 . . . . . .2. . . . . . 29 . . . . .1 . . . . . . 40 . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 48 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 6 . . . . . .2 . . . . . . 18 . . . . . .1. . . . . . 30 . . . . .3 . . . . . . 41 . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 49 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . .1 . . . . . . 19 . . . . . .3. . . . . . 31 . . . . .2 . . . . . . 42 . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 50 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . .1 . . . . . . 20 . . . . . .4. . . . . . 32 . . . . .2 . . . . . . 43 . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . .4 . . . . . . 21 . . . . . .2. . . . . . 33 . . . . .1 . . . . . . 10 . . . . . .2 . . . . . . 22 . . . . . .4. . . . . . 34 . . . . .3 . . . . . . 11 . . . . . .1 . . . . . . 23 . . . . . .2. . . . . . 35 . . . . .2 . . . . . . 12 . . . . . .4 . . . . . . 24 . . . . . .1. . . . . . Part A Score 2 [1] Part B 1 Score PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Directions to the Teacher Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Physical Setting/Earth Science examination. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information Booklet for Administering and Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences. Use only red ink or red pencil in rating Regents papers. Do not correct the student s work by making insertions or changes of any kind. On the detachable answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1, indicate by means of a checkmark each incorrect or omitted answer. In the box provided at the end of each part, record the number of questions the student answered correctly for that part. At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of each student s responses to the Part B 2 and Part C open-ended questions. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score all the open-ended questions on a student s answer paper. Students responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge as indicated by the examples in the rating guide. In the student s answer booklet, record the number of credits earned for each answer in the box printed to the right of the answer lines or spaces for that question. Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given to a response. Units need not be given when the wording of the questions allows such omissions. Raters should enter the scores earned for Part A, Part B 1, Part B 2, and Part C on the appropriate lines in the box printed on the answer booklet and then should add these four scores and enter the total in the box labeled Total Written Test Score. The student s score for the Earth Science Performance Test should be entered in the space provided. Then, the student s raw scores on the performance test and written test should be converted to a scaled score by using the conversion chart that will be posted on the Department s web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ on Tuesday, August 17, 2004. The student s scaled score should be entered in the labeled box on the student s answer booklet. The scaled score is the student s final examination score. All student answer papers that receive a scaled score of 60 through 64 must be scored a second time. For the second scoring, a different committee of teachers may score the student s paper or the original committee may score the paper, except that no teacher may score the same open-ended questions that he/she scored in the first rating of the paper. The school principal is responsible for assuring that the student s final examination score is based on a fair, accurate, and reliable scoring of the student s answer paper. Because scaled scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one examination to another, it is crucial that for each administration, the conversion chart provided in the scoring key for that administration be used to determine the student s final score. The chart in this scoring key is usable only for this administration of the examination. [3] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part B 2 Allow a total of 15 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 51 [1] Allow 1 credit for an occluded front. 52 [2] The correct responses are shown below. Weather Data Table for Albany Relative humidity (%) Wind direction from Wind speed (knots) Present weather 100 NNW or NW or in words 25 ( 2) Rain Allow 2 credits if all four weather variables are correct. Allow only 1 credit if only two or three weather variables are correct. Note: Do not allow credit for precipitation as the response to present weather because it is too general. 53 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response that shows a pattern of sorting from large on the bottom to small on top. Grains do not have to be drawn to actual size. The student drawing does not have to completely fill the cross section either vertically or horizontally. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Cross Section of the Bottom of the Tube 54 Cross Section of the Bottom of the Tube [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: The 2-millimeter grains settle farther downstream than the 4-millimeter grains. The 2-millimeter grains settle farther to the right. The larger grains are not carried as far. [4] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 55 [2] An example of correctly drawn isobars is shown below. Surface Air Pressures 1018 1022 1021 1020 1023 1026 1022 1024 1028 1022 1022 1024 1020 1027 1015 1015 1015 1012 1020 1020 1025 1025 1028 1019 1 1022 1024 1020 1009 1020 0 02 1019 1017 1024 1029 1029 1023 1022 1012 4 02 1021 1 1024 1015 1018 1022 1013 1024 1024 1006 1015 1016 1021 1018 1020 1026 1018 1023 1028 1024 1025 8 1026 102 1026 1024 1019 1025 1024 1020 1020 1023 1024 1024 1015 1020 1019 1022 1020 1016 1024 1018 1023 1018 1018 1023 1016 1018 1014 1011 1022 1019 1022 1010 1017 1020 1020 1014 1020 1019 Allow 2 credits if all three isobars are drawn correctly. If more than the three required isobars are drawn, all isobars must be correct for full credit. Allow only 1 credit if only one or two isobars are drawn correctly. or Allow only 1 credit if more than the three required isobars are drawn, and the three required isobars are drawn correctly but the additional isobars are drawn incorrectly. Note: Isobars do not have to be labeled. Isobars must touch all equal value points to receive credit. 56 [1] Allow 1 credit for barometer or barograph. [5] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 57 [1] Allow 1 credit for the correct response shown below. Oldest (1) siltstone (2) limestone (3) granite intrusion or granite or intrusion (4) shale (5) vesicular basalt or basalt Youngest (6) sandstone 58 [1] Allow 1 credit for Permian. 59 [1] Allow 1 credit for marble or hornfels. 60 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: fast rate rapid cooling 61 [1] Allow 1 credit for two correct responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: hardness chemical composition dominant form of breakage or fracture/cleavage 62 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: production of glass electronics as an abrasive [6] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 63 [1] Allow 1 credit for the location of the dot within the box shown on the map. Allow credit even if a circle is not drawn around the dot. 75 74 45 76 79 78 77 44 Lake Ontario 43 43 Lake Erie 42 42 79 78 77 76 75 41 74 73 Note: It is recommended that an overlay be used to ensure uniformity in scoring. [7] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part C Allow a total of 20 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. [2] The correct responses are shown below. Profile Along Line AB 320 310 300 Elevation (meters) 64 290 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 A Distance (km) B Allow 2 credits if 12 to 14 points are plotted correctly and are correctly connected with a smooth, curved line and the line extends below the lowest plotted points to show the valley. Allow only 1 credit if 12 to 14 points are plotted correctly, but no line is drawn or the line is incorrectly drawn. or Allow only 1 credit if only 7 to 11 points are plotted correctly and are correctly connected with a smooth, curved line and the line extends below the lowest plotted points to show the valley. Note: The center of the plotted point must be on the horizontal line within the circle shown. Allow credit even if the points are not visible, but the line is visible within the circle. Allow credit even if the student uses a symbol other than a dot. Do not allow credit if a straight line is drawn between the lowest plotted points or if the valley extends to the next elevation line or below. It is recommended that an overlay be used to ensure uniformity in scoring. [8] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 65 [2] Allow 1 credit for 27.6 ( 2.0). and Allow 1 credit for meters m or . kilometer km 66 [1] Allow 1 credit for 10 C and 18 C or 18 C and 10 C. 67 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: This region receives a high angle of insolation each day. High-intensity insolation is received all year. The Sun is higher in the sky all year. The tropical region receives more intense sunlight. Note: Do not allow credit for The region is near the Equator (0 latitude), or receives more sunlight because the response does not describe a specific characteristic of insolation. 68 [2] Allow 1 credit for a correct bedrock characteristic. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: The Adirondacks have faulted, folded, and deformed bedrock. The Adirondacks have intensely metamorphosed bedrock. The oldest bedrock is near the center of the Adirondacks. and Allow 1 credit for a correct land surface characteristic. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: The Adirondacks have high elevations. The Adirondacks have steep slopes. The Adirondacks are a partially eroded dome. [9] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 69 [2] The correct responses are shown below. 3 mP _____ 1 2 mP _____ cA or cP _____ 5 6 cT _____ 4 mT _____ mT _____ Allow 2 credits if five or six air-mass symbols are correct. Allow only 1 credit if only three or four air-mass symbols are correct. or Allow only 1 credit if five or six air masses are correctly labeled with words instead of the two-letter symbol. For example: mT is labeled maritime tropical. Note: Allow credit for either upper- or lower-case letters because it is difficult to identify some students lower-case letters. For example, allow credit for MP or Mp or mp or mP. Do not allow credit if the letters are reversed. [10] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 70 [1] Allow credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, this example: The Sun appeared to rise earlier each day during May. Note: Do not allow credit for The days get longer because the response does not describe the time of sunrise. 71 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Earth s rotation spinning on its axis [3] An example of a correct response is shown below. 50 40 Water Vapor (g/m3) 72 30 20 10 0 20 10 0 10 20 30 Air Temperature ( C) 40 50 a Allow 1 credit for labeling the y-axis water vapor, including units (g/m3). b Allow 1 credit for marking an appropriate numerical scale along the y-axis. c Allow 1 credit for correctly plotting six or seven points and connecting them with a line. Allow credit even if the student uses a symbol other than a dot. Note: Allow credit for a line that passes through six or seven correct points, even if the points are not visible beneath the line. [11] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE concluded 73 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: As air temperature increases, the amount of water vapor that the air can hold increases. Warm air can hold more water vapor than cool air. It is a direct relationship. The higher the air temperature, the greater the amount of water vapor required to saturate the air. 74 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: Continent shapes fit together like puzzle parts. Sea-floor spreading occurs at mid-ocean ridges. Bedrock can be correlated on the opposite sides of some oceans. Fossil evidence is found in the matching bedrock of South America and Africa. matching mountain ranges between continents 75 [1] Allow 1 credit for a correct response. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to, these examples: west coast of South America Aleutian Trench boundary of Juan de Fuca Plate and North American Plate 76 [1] Allow 1 credit for any response from 70 to 700 kilometers. 77 [1] Allow 1 credit for Triassic Period. [12] The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the August 2004 Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science will be posted on the Department s web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ on Tuesday, August 17, 2004. Conversion charts provided for previous administrations of the Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science must NOT be used to determine students final scores for this administration. [13] [OVER] Map to Core Curriculum August 2004 Physical Setting/Earth Science Question Numbers Key Ideas/Performance Part A Part B Indicators Math Key Idea 1 Math Key Idea 2 Standard 1 4,5 Part C 65 Math Key Idea 3 Sci. Inq. Key Idea 1 Sci. Inq. Key Idea 2 Sci. Inq. Key Idea 3 Eng. Des. Key Idea 1 37,41,55, 58,63 64,72,73 44,49,53,57 8,25,26,34 67,73,74 56 Standard 2 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Standard 6 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Key Idea 4 Key Idea 5 68, 69 2,5,6,9,11, 13,15,16,17, 21,22,23,27 3,5,11,25 18 6,12,23 36,37,54 66,72,76,77 38,39,40,41, 42,45,46,49, 54,59,60 70,71 Key Idea 6 Standard 7 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Performance Indicator 1 Performance Indicator 2 Performance Indicator 3 ESRT 2001 Edition Standard 4 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 37,39,40, 8,9,10,13,24, 41,57,58 26,30,32,33 11,12,14,15,16, 36,38,42,44,45, 17,18,23,25,27 46,47,48,49,51, 28,29,31,35 52,53,54,55,56 19,20,21,22 48,59,60,61,62 Reference Tables 3,4,5,11,13,17, 43,47,48,49,51, 21,22,23,25,29, 52,58,59,60,62 30,31,33,34 [14] 70,71 64,65,66,67, 68,69,72,73, 74,75,76,77 68,69,75,76,77

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