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New York Regents Earth Science June 2008

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PS/EARTH SCIENCE The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING EARTH SCIENCE Friday, June 20, 2008 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only This is a test of your knowledge of Earth science. Use that knowledge to answer all questions in this examination. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. The Earth Science Reference Tables are supplied separately. Be certain you have a copy of the 2001 Edition (Revised November 2006) of these reference tables before you begin the examination. Your answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1 is the last page of this examination booklet. Turn to the last page and fold it along the perforations. Then, slowly and carefully, tear off your answer sheet and fill in the heading. The answers to the questions in Part B 2 and Part C are to be written in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on the front of your answer booklet. You are to answer all questions in all parts of this examination according to the directions provided in the examination booklet. Record your answers to the Part A and Part B 1 multiple-choice questions on your separate answer sheet. Write your answers to the Part B 2 and Part C questions in your answer booklet. All work should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to work out the answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers on your separate answer sheet and in your answer booklet. When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement printed at the end of your separate answer sheet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Your answer sheet and answer booklet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this declaration. Notice. . . A four-function or scientific calculator and a copy of the 2001 Earth Science Reference Tables (Revised November 2006) must be available for you to use while taking this examination. The use of any communications device is strictly prohibited when taking this examination. If you use any communications device, no matter how briefly, your examination will be invalidated and no score will be calculated for you. DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN. PS/EARTH SCIENCE Part A Answer all questions in this part. Directions (1 35): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. 5 The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth (1) rotates on its axis (2) revolves around the Sun (3) undergoes cyclic tidal changes (4) has a slightly eccentric orbit 1 As viewed from Earth, most stars appear to move across the sky each night because (1) Earth revolves around the Sun (2) Earth rotates on its axis (3) stars orbit around Earth (4) stars revolve around the center of the galaxy 6 The altitude of the ozone layer near the South Pole is 20 kilometers above sea level. Which temperature zone of the atmosphere contains this ozone layer? (1) troposphere (3) mesosphere (2) stratosphere (4) thermosphere 2 The star Algol is estimated to have approximately the same luminosity as the star Aldebaran and approximately the same temperature as the star Rigel. Algol is best classified as a (1) main sequence star (3) white dwarf star (2) red giant star (4) red dwarf star 7 A low-pressure system in the Northern Hemisphere has a surface air-circulation pattern that is (1) clockwise and away from the center (2) clockwise and toward the center (3) counterclockwise and away from the center (4) counterclockwise and toward the center 3 The explosion associated with the Big Bang theory and the formation of the universe is inferred to have occurred how many billion years ago? (1) less than 1 (3) 4.6 (2) 2.5 (4) over 10 8 Air masses are identified on the basis of temperature and (1) type of precipitation (2) wind velocity (3) moisture content (4) atmospheric transparency 4 The diagram below represents the constellation Lyra. Lyra 9 During some winters in the Finger Lakes region of New York State, the lake water remains unfrozen even though the land around the lakes is frozen and covered with snow. The primary cause of this difference is that water (1) gains heat during evaporation (2) is at a lower elevation (3) has a higher specific heat (4) reflects more radiation Which statement best explains why Lyra is visible to an observer in New York State at midnight in July but not visible at midnight in December? (1) Earth spins on its axis. (2) Earth orbits the Sun. (3) Lyra spins on its axis. (4) Lyra orbits Earth. P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [2] 10 The reaction below represents an energy-producing process. Hydrogen + Hydrogen (lighter element) (lighter element) Helium + (heavier element) Energy The reaction represents how energy is produced (1) in the Sun by fusion (2) when water condenses in Earth s atmosphere (3) from the movement of crustal plates (4) during nuclear decay 11 The diagram below shows the spectral lines for an element. Violet Red Which diagram best represents the spectral lines of this element when its light is observed coming from a star that is moving away from Earth? Violet Red Violet Red Violet Red Violet Red (1) (2) (3) (4) P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [3] [OVER] 12 Diagram 1 shows the Moon in its orbit at four positions labeled A, B, C, and D. Diagram 2 shows a phase of the Moon as viewed from New York State. Diagram 1 A B Diagram 2 Sun s rays North Pole Earth D C (Not drawn to scale) At which labeled Moon position would the phase of the Moon shown in diagram 2 be observed from New York State? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 13 The diagram below shows an observer measuring the altitude of Polaris. Line of sight Observer (Not drawn to scale) What is the latitude of the observer? (1) 20 N (2) 20 S P.S./E. Sci. June 08 (3) 70 N (4) 70 S [4] 14 The weather instrument shown below can be used to determine dewpoint. Wet cloth wick Reservoir of water Based on the values shown, the dewpoint is (1) 5 C (3) 8 C (2) 2 C (4) 33 C 15 Which arrangement of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth results in the highest high tides, and the lowest low tides on Earth? (Diagrams are not drawn to scale.) M M S E S S E M E S E M (1) (2) (3) (4) 16 Which station model correctly represents the weather conditions in an area that is experiencing winds from the northeast at 25 knots and has had a steady drop in barometric pressure of 2.7 millibars during the last three hours? 27 \ 27 \ 27 \ (1) P.S./E. Sci. June 08 27 \ (2) (3) [5] (4) [OVER] 17 The diagram below shows weather instruments A and B. 29 20 31 ry Dry Ve 28 30 Change rmy Rai to n 40 60 80 100 0 S 27 26 A B Which table correctly indicates the name of the weather instrument and the weather variable that it measures? Instrument Letter Name A thermometer B wind vane Instrument Letter Name A barometer B anemometer Weather Variable Measured humidity wind direction (1) Instrument Letter Name A thermometer B wind vane Weather Variable Measured wind speed air pressure (3) Instrument Letter Name A barometer B anemometer Weather Variable Measured wind direction humidity (2) Weather Variable Measured air pressure wind speed (4) 18 Which ocean current carries cool water toward Earth s equator? (1) Alaska Current (3) Peru Current (2) East Australia Current (4) North Atlantic Current 19 Equal areas of which surface would most likely absorb the most insolation? (1) smooth, white surface (3) smooth, black surface (2) rough, white surface (4) rough, black surface P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [6] 20 On the map below, the darkened areas represent locations where living corals currently exist. The arrow points to a location where coral fossils have been found in Devonian-age bedrock in New York State. Devonian-age coral fossils found in some New York State bedrock are not located in the same general region that present-day corals are living because during the Devonian Period (1) corals migrated to New York State (2) corals lived everywhere on Earth (3) New York State was closer to the equator (4) New York State had a colder climate 21 Which index fossil may be found in the surface bedrock near Ithaca, New York? P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [7] [OVER] 22 The cross sections below represent three widely separated outcrops of exposed bedrock. Letters A, B, C, and D represent fossils found in the rock layers. A B C A B A A D B D A D A A Which fossil appears to have the best characteristics of an index fossil? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 26 The pie graph below shows the elements comprising Earth s crust in percent by mass. 23 Active volcanoes are most abundant along the (1) edges of tectonic plates (2) eastern coastline of continents (3) 23.5 N and 23.5 S parallels of latitude (4) equatorial ocean floor X Aluminum 24 Which part of Earth s interior is inferred to have convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move? (1) rigid mantle (3) outer core (2) asthenosphere (4) inner core Iron 25 Compared to the continental crust, the oceanic crust is (1) less dense and less felsic (2) less dense and less mafic (3) more dense and more felsic (4) more dense and more mafic P.S./E. Sci. June 08 Oxygen Calcium Sodium Magnesium Potassium Other Which element is represented by the letter X? (1) silicon (3) nitrogen (2) lead (4) hydrogen [8] 27 The block diagrams below show two landscape regions labeled A and B. A B What is the most probable cause of the difference in surface features between A and B? (1) A is the result of a humid climate, while B is the result of a dry climate. (2) A is at a high elevation, while B is located at sea level. (3) A is a plateau region, while B is a mountainous region. (4) A is composed of igneous bedrock, while B is composed of sedimentary bedrock. 28 The block diagram below shows a region that has undergone faulting. Which map shows the stream drainage pattern that would most likely develop on the surface of this region? (1) P.S./E. Sci. June 08 (2) (3) [9] (4) [OVER] 29 The map below shows the bend of a large meandering stream. The arrows show the direction of stream flow. Letters A, B, and C are positions on the streambed where erosion and deposition data were collected. A B C Which table best represents the locations where erosion and deposition are dominant and where an equilibrium exists between the two processes? [A check mark ( ) represents the dominant process for each lettered location.] Erosion Equilibrium A Erosion A B C Deposition B C Deposition (3) Equilibrium Deposition Erosion A B C (1) Erosion Equilibrium Equilibrium A B C (2) Deposition (4) Discharge (1) P.S./E. Sci. June 08 Discharge Velocity Velocity Velocity Velocity 30 Which graph best represents the relationship between the discharge of a stream and the velocity of stream flow? Discharge (2) (3) [10] Discharge (4) 31 The diagrams below represent four different examples of one process that transports sediments. Soil creep Debris flow Gradual downhill movement of soil Mud flow Downward flow of fine particles (mud) and large amounts of water Rapid downslope flow of debris Which process is shown in these diagrams? (1) chemical weathering (2) wind action Rock fall Rapid falling of pieces of rock from a cliff or steep slope (3) mass movement (4) rock abrasion 34 Which rock is sedimentary in origin and formed as a result of chemical processes? (1) granite (3) breccia (2) shale (4) dolostone 32 The cross section below shows a stream flowing downhill. Points A through D are locations in the stream. A B 35 The photograph below shows an igneous rock. Stream C D Lake At which point would most deposition occur? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 33 A stream flowing at a velocity of 250 centimeters per second is transporting sediment particles ranging in size from clay to cobbles. Which transported particles will be deposited by the stream if its velocity decreases to 100 centimeters per second? (1) cobbles, only (2) cobbles and some pebbles, only (3) cobbles, pebbles, and some sand, only (4) cobbles, pebbles, sand, silt, and clay P.S./E. Sci. June 08 What is the origin and rate of formation of this rock? (1) plutonic with slow cooling (2) plutonic with rapid cooling (3) volcanic with slow cooling (4) volcanic with rapid cooling [11] [OVER] Part B 1 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (36 50): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 36 through 39 on the passage and diagram below. The diagram shows the orbits of the four inner planets and the asteroid Hermes around the Sun. Point A represents a position along Hermes orbit. The Curious Tale of Asteroid Hermes It s dogma [accepted belief] now: an asteroid hit Earth 65 million years ago and wiped out the dinosaurs. But in 1980 when scientists Walter and Luis Alvarez first suggested the idea to a gathering at the American Association for Advancement of Sciences, their listeners were skeptical. Asteroids hitting Earth? Wiping out species? It seemed incredible. At that very moment, unknown to the audience, an asteroid named Hermes halfway between Mars and Jupiter was beginning a long plunge toward our planet. Six months later it would pass 300,000 miles from Earth s orbit, only a little more than the distance to the Moon . Hermes approaches Earth s orbit twice every 777 days. Usually our planet is far away when the orbit crossing happens, but in 1937, 1942, 1954, 1974 and 1986, Hermes came harrowingly [dangerously] close to Earth itself. We know about most of these encounters only because Lowell Observatory astronomer Brian Skiff rediscovered Hermes on Oct. 15, 2003. Astronomers around the world have been tracking it carefully ever since. Excerpted from The Curious Tale of Asteroid Hermes, Dr. Tony Phillips, Science @ NASA, November 3, 2003 Orbit of Asteroid Hermes Mercury Sun Mars A Venus Earth (Not drawn to scale) P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [12] 38 Why is evidence of asteroids striking Earth so difficult to find? (1) Asteroids are made mostly of frozen water and gases and are vaporized on impact. (2) Asteroids are not large enough to leave impact craters. (3) Asteroids do not travel fast enough to create impact craters. (4) Weathering, erosion, and deposition on Earth have destroyed or buried most impact craters. 36 When Hermes is located at position A and Earth is in the position shown in the diagram, the asteroid can be viewed from Earth at each of the following times except (1) sunrise (3) 12 noon (2) sunset (4) 12 midnight 37 How does the period of revolution of Hermes compare to the period of revolution of the planets shown in the diagram? (1) Hermes has a longer period of revolution than Mercury, but a shorter period of revolution than Venus, Earth, and Mars. (2) Hermes has a shorter period of revolution than Mercury, but a longer period of revolution than Venus, Earth, and Mars. (3) Hermes has a longer period of revolution than all of the planets shown. (4) Hermes has a shorter period of revolution than all of the planets shown. 39 According to the diagram, as Hermes and the planets revolve around the Sun, Hermes appears to be a threat to collide with (1) Earth, only (2) Earth and Mars, only (3) Venus, Earth, and Mars, only (4) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars 40 The map below shows the location of Grenville-age bedrock found in the northeastern United States. In which New York State landscapes is Grenville-age bedrock exposed at Earth s surface? (1) Erie-Ontario Lowlands and St. Lawrence Lowlands (2) Catskills and Allegheny Plateau (3) Tug Hill Plateau and Atlantic Coastal Plain (4) Hudson Highlands and Adirondack Mountains P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [13] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the climate graphs below, which show average monthly precipitation and temperatures at four cities, A, B, C, and D. J F M AM J J A S ON D City C 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Precipitation (cm) Precipitation (cm) City A 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 J F M AM J J A S ON D Month Month City D J F M AM J J A S ON D 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Precipitation (cm) Precipitation (cm) City B 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 J F M AM J J A S ON D 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Month Month Key Precipitation Temperature 41 City A has very little variation in temperature during the year because city A is located (1) on the dry side of a mountain (2) on the wet side of a mountain (3) near the center of a large landmass (4) near the equator 42 During which season does city B usually experience the month with the highest average precipitation? (1) spring (3) fall (2) summer (4) winter P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [14] 43 It can be concluded that city C is located in the Southern Hemisphere because city C has (1) small amounts of precipitation throughout the year (2) large amounts of precipitation throughout the year (3) its warmest temperatures in January and February (4) its warmest temperatures in July and August 44 Very little water will infiltrate the soil around city D because the region usually has (1) a frozen surface (3) a small amount of runoff (2) nearly flat surfaces (4) permeable soil Base your answers to questions 45 through 47 on the block diagram below, which shows a portion of Earth s crust. Letters A, B, C, and D indicate sedimentary layers. Key Igneous rock D C A Contact metamorphism B 45 Which event occurred most recently? (1) formation of layer A (2) formation of layer D (3) tilting of all four sedimentary rock layers (4) erosion of the igneous rock exposed at the surface 46 The igneous rock is mostly composed of potassium feldspar and quartz crystals that have an average grain size of 3 millimeters. The igneous rock is most likely (1) granite (3) gabbro (2) pegmatite (4) pumice 47 Which processes produced rock layer B? (1) subduction and melting (2) uplift and solidification P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [15] (3) heat and pressure (4) compaction and cementation [OVER] Base your answers to questions 48 through 50 on the map of Long Island, New York. AB, CD, EF, and GH are reference lines on the map. Map nd d Sou slan ong I L C ine l Mora e bor Hil ash Har Outw orain o ma M D Ronkonk ash Outw A H E G F Atlantic Ocean B N 48 Which agent of erosion transported the sediments that formed the moraines shown on the map? (1) water (3) ice (2) wind (4) mass movement 49 The cross section below represents the sediments beneath the land surface along one of the reference lines shown on the map. Harbor Hill Moraine Outwash Ronkonkoma Moraine Outwash Along which reference line was the cross section taken? (3) EF (1) AB (2) CD (4) GH 50 A major difference between sediments in the outwash and sediments in the moraines is that the sediments deposited in the outwash are (1) larger (3) more angular (2) sorted (4) older P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [16] Part B 2 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (51 65): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 51 through 53 on the cross section in your answer booklet, which shows limestone bedrock with caves. 51 In the empty box on the left side of the cross section in your answer booklet, draw a horizontal line to indicate the level of the water table. [1] 52 The precipitation in this area is becoming more acidic. Explain why acid rain weathers limestone bedrock. [1] 53 Identify one source of pollution caused by human activity that contributes to the precipitation becoming more acidic. [1] Base your answers to questions 54 through 58 on the satellite image shown in your answer booklet. The satellite image shows a low-pressure system over a portion of the United States. Air-mass symbols and frontal boundaries have been added. Line XY is one frontal boundary. Points A, B, C, and D represent surface locations. White areas represent clouds. 54 In your answer booklet, draw the proper symbol to represent the most probable front on line XY. [1] 55 State one process that causes clouds to form in the moist air along the cold front. [1] 56 Describe one piece of evidence shown on the map that suggests location A has a lower relative humidity than location B. [1] 57 Explain why location C most likely has a cooler temperature than location D. [1] 58 State the compass direction that the center of this low-pressure system will move over the next few days if it follows a normal storm track. [1] P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [17] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 59 and 60 on the data table below, which provides information about four of Jupiter s moons. Data Table Moons of Density Jupiter (g/cm3) Io Europa Ganymede Callisto 3.5 3.0 1.9 1.9 Diameter (km) Distance from Jupiter (km) 3630 3138 5262 4800 421,600 670,900 1,070,000 1,883,000 59 Identify the planet in our solar system that is closest in diameter to Callisto. [1] 60 In 1610, Galileo was the first person to observe, with the aid of a telescope, these four moons orbiting Jupiter. Explain why Galileo s observation of this motion did not support the geocentric model of our solar system. [1] Base your answers to questions 61 and 62 on the cross section below, which shows a portion of Earth s interior layers and the location of an earthquake epicenter. Letter A represents a seismic station on Earth s surface. Letter B represents a location in Earth s interior. A B Mantle Outer core Earthquake epicenter Inner core (Not drawn to scale) 61 Explain why seismic station A receives P-waves but not S-waves from this earthquake. [1] 62 What is the approximate depth at location B? P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [18] [1] Base your answers to questions 63 through 65 on the diagram below, which shows Earth s water cycle. Numbers indicate the estimated volume of water, in millions of cubic kilometers, stored at any one time in the atmosphere, the oceans, and on the continents. The yearly amount of water that moves in and out of each of these three portions of Earth is also indicated in millions of cubic kilometers. TOTAL STORED IN ATMOSPHERE 0.013 Water vapor transport Evaporation/transpiration from land 0.073 Precipitation onto land 0.110 TOTAL STORED ON CONTINENTS 38.631 Precipitation into ocean 0.386 S t re Evaporation from ocean 0.423 am runo ff TOTAL STORED IN OCEANS 1370.000 63 Calculate the total amount of water stored in the atmosphere, the oceans, and on the continents together at any one time. [1] 64 Explain why the yearly total precipitation over the oceans is greater than the yearly total precipitation over the continents. [1] 65 Describe two surface characteristics that will affect the rate of stream runoff into the ocean. [1] P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [19] [OVER] Part C Answer all questions in this part. Directions (66 84): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. Base your answers to questions 66 through 68 on the data table below, which shows the radioactive decay of carbon-14. The number of years required to complete four half-lives has been left blank. Radioactive Decay of Carbon-14 1 Percentage of Original Carbon-14 Remaining 100 50 25 12.5 6.3 3.1 1.6 Number of Half-Lives 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time (years) 0 5700 11,400 17,100 28,500 34,200 66 On the grid in your answer booklet, construct a graph that shows the radioactive decay of carbon-14 by plotting an X to show the percentage of original carbon-14 remaining after each half-life. Connect the X s with a smooth, curved line. [1] 67 How long does it take for radioactive carbon-14 to complete four half-lives? [1] 68 The cross section below shows part of Earth s crust. The objects in parentheses indicate materials found within each rock unit or deposit. Ordovician shale Pleistocene glacial deposits (pl reta ag ce ioc ou las s d e c io rys rite tal ) (graptolite) (tree trunk) Cambrian sandstone (trilobite) C Precambrian gneiss (garnet crystal) Which object in parentheses could be accurately dated using carbon-14? Explain your answer. [1] P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [20] Base your answers to questions 69 through 73 on the passage and cross section below, which explain how some precious gemstones form. The cross section shows a portion of the ancient Tethys Sea, once located between the Indian-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. Precious Gemstones Some precious gemstones are a form of the mineral corundum, which has a hardness of 9. Corundum is a rare mineral made up of closely packed aluminum and oxygen atoms, and its formula is Al2O3. If small amounts of chromium replace some of the aluminum atoms in corundum, a bright-red gemstone called a ruby is produced. If traces of titanium and iron replace some aluminum atoms, deep-blue sapphires can be produced. Most of the world s ruby deposits are found in metamorphic rock that is located along the southern slope of the Himalayas, where plate tectonics played a part in ruby formation. Around 50 million years ago, the Tethys Sea was located between what is now India and Eurasia. Much of the Tethys Sea bottom was composed of limestone that contained the elements needed to make these precious gemstones. The Tethys Sea closed up as the Indian-Australian Plate pushed under the Eurasian Plate, creating the Himalayan Mountains. The limestone rock lining the seafloor underwent metamorphism as it was pushed deep into Earth by the Indian-Australian Plate. For the next 40 to 45 million years, as the Himalayas rose, rubies, sapphires, and other gemstones continued to form. A Portion of the Tethys Sea 50 Million Years Ago Tethys Sea IndianAustralian Plate Eurasian Plate North Limestone 69 Which element replaces some of the aluminum atoms, causing the bright-red color of a ruby? [1] 70 State one physical property of rubies, other than a bright-red color, that makes them useful as gemstones in jewelry. [1] 71 Identify the metamorphic rock in which the rubies and sapphires that formed along the Himalayas are usually found. [1] 72 During which geologic epoch did the events shown in the cross section of the Tethys Sea occur? [1] 73 What type of tectonic plate boundary is shown in the cross section? P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [21] [1] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 74 through 77 on the diagrams below. Diagram 1 shows Earth s location in its orbit on the first day of each of the four seasons, labeled A through D. Diagram 2 shows a north polar view of Earth on March 21. Point E represents a location on Earth s surface. Longitude lines are shown at 15 intervals. Diagram 1 N or C N t Equa Arctic Circle Night Day Sun N Day N Night D A (Not drawn to scale) Diagram 2 Sun s rays Noon E March 21 P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [22] B 74 How does the altitude of the Sun at solar noon appear to change each day for an observer in New York State as Earth moves from position A to position B to position C? [1] 75 Explain why the duration of insolation is 12 hours at both the Arctic Circle and the equator when Earth is at position C. [1] 76 Describe one piece of evidence shown in the diagram which indicates that the Northern Hemisphere is experiencing winter at position D. [1] 77 State the hour of the day at point E. [1] Base your answers to questions 78 through 80 on the map in your answer booklet. The map shows the water depth, measured in feet, at the north end of one of the Finger Lakes. Points A and B are locations at the lake s shoreline. Points X and Y are locations on the bottom of the lake. 78 On the map in your answer booklet, draw the 20-foot-depth isoline. The isoline must extend to the edge of the map. [1] 79 On the grid in your answer booklet, construct a profile along the line from point A to point B. Plot the depth along line AB by marking an X at each numbered point where a water depth is shown. Complete the profile by connecting the X s with a smooth, curved line. The X s for point A and point B have been plotted. [2] 80 Calculate the gradient between point X and point Y. Label your answer with the correct units. [1] P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [23] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 81 through 84 on the map below, which shows a portion of southwestern United States. On January 17, 1994, an earthquake occurred with an epicenter at Northridge, California. Oakland NEVADA UTAH CALIFORNIA Bakersfield ARIZONA Northridge San Diego Yuma 81 State the latitude and longitude of Northridge, California. Include the correct units and compass directions in your answer. [1] 82 Explain why earthquakes are common in this region of California. [1] 83 Of the cities shown on the map, explain why Oakland was the last city to receive P-waves from this earthquake. [1] 84 List two actions that a homeowner could take to prepare the home or family for the next earthquake. [1] P.S./E. Sci. June 08 [24] The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING Tear Here EARTH SCIENCE Friday, June 20, 2008 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only ANSWER SHEET I Male I Female Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sex: Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Record your answers to Part A and Part B 1 on this answer sheet. Part B 1 Part A 1 ............ 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . . . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 ............ 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ............ 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ............ 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ............ 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ............ 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ............ 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ............ 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ............ 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . Part B 1 Score Part A Score Write your answers to Part B 2 and Part C in your answer booklet. Tear Here The declaration below must be signed when you have completed the examination. I do hereby affirm, at the close of this examination, that I had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that I have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Signature PS/EARTH SCIENCE Tear Here Tear Here PS/EARTH SCIENCE The University of the State of New York Performance Test Score (Maximum Score: 16) REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING EARTH SCIENCE A Friday, June 20, 2008 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only ANSWER BOOKLET I Male Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sex: I Female Teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maximum Score Part Grade . . . . . . . . . Answer all questions in Part B 2 and Part C. Record your answers in this booklet. 35 B 1 15 B 2 15 C Student s Score 20 Total Written Test Score (Maximum Raw Score: 85) Final Score (from conversion chart) Raters Initials: Rater 1 . . . . . . . . . . Rater 2 . . . . . . . . . . For Raters Only Part B 2 51 Box Precipitation 51 River KEY Water Caves For Raters Only 52 52 53 53 54 C Y X 54 cP A B mT D N 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 [2] For Raters Only 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 km 63 62 millions of cubic kilometers 63 64 64 65 Characteristic 1: 65 Characteristic 2: Total Score for Part B 2 [3] [OVER] For Raters Only Part C 66 Radioactive Decay of Carbon-14 Percentage of Original Carbon-14 Remaining 100 90 80 70 60 66 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number of Half-Lives 67 67 yr 68 Object: Explanation: 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 Epoch 73 73 [4] For Raters Only 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 [5] [OVER] For Raters Only 78 Water Depths (feet) 4 9 3 11 4 2 6 5 2 11 8 17 14 9 7 15 10 4 11 2 8 18 17 19 19 18 16 17 11 5 8 20 21 21 5 13 18 15 10 16 A 16 17 7 8 21 24 25 24 21 15 11 2 5 9 78 13 18 13 X 13 16 15 17 Y 25 26 29 24 21 23 26 26 5 5 10 4 17 13 24 B 3 N 7 30 33 23 13 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 mile 79 A 0 Lake Surface B 0 10 Depth (ft) 10 79 20 20 30 30 Distance (mi) [6] For Raters Only 80 80 Gradient: 81 Latitude: 81 Longitude: 82 82 83 83 84 Action 1: 84 Action 2: Total Score for Part C [7] PS/EARTH SCIENCE PS/EARTH SCIENCE Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science June 2008 Chart for Converting Total Test Raw Scores to Final Examination Scores (Scaled Scores) To determine the student s final score, locate the student s Total Performance Test Score across the top of the chart and the Total Written Test Score down the side of the chart. The point where the two scores intersect is the student s final examination score. For example, a student receiving a Total Performance Test Score of 10 and Total Written Test Score of 72 would receive a final examination score of 90. Total Performance Test Score Total Written Test Score 16 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 100 99 99 98 97 97 97 96 96 95 94 94 93 92 92 91 91 90 89 88 87 86 86 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 80 79 78 77 76 75 75 73 72 71 70 69 15 99 99 99 98 97 97 96 95 95 95 94 94 93 92 91 90 90 90 89 88 87 86 85 85 84 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 14 99 98 98 98 97 97 96 95 95 94 93 93 92 92 91 90 90 89 88 87 87 86 85 85 84 83 82 81 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 75 74 72 71 70 70 69 13 99 98 98 97 96 96 95 95 95 94 93 93 92 91 90 89 89 89 88 87 86 85 84 84 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 12 98 98 98 97 96 96 95 94 94 93 92 92 92 91 90 89 89 88 87 86 86 85 84 84 83 82 81 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 75 74 73 71 70 69 69 68 11 98 97 97 96 95 95 94 94 94 93 92 92 91 90 89 88 88 88 87 86 85 84 83 83 82 82 81 80 79 78 77 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 10 97 96 96 95 95 95 94 93 93 92 91 91 90 90 89 88 88 87 86 85 84 84 83 83 82 81 80 79 78 78 77 76 75 74 73 73 72 70 69 68 67 67 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 96 96 96 95 94 94 93 92 92 91 90 90 90 89 88 87 87 86 85 85 84 83 82 82 81 80 79 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 73 72 71 69 68 68 67 66 96 95 95 94 93 93 92 91 91 91 90 90 89 88 87 86 86 85 85 84 83 82 81 81 80 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 74 73 72 71 70 68 68 67 66 65 95 94 94 93 92 92 91 91 91 90 89 89 88 87 86 85 85 85 84 83 82 81 80 80 79 79 78 77 76 75 74 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 94 93 93 92 91 91 90 89 89 89 88 88 87 86 85 84 84 84 83 82 81 80 79 79 78 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 93 92 92 91 90 90 89 88 88 88 87 87 86 85 84 83 83 82 82 81 80 79 78 78 77 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 71 70 69 68 67 65 65 64 63 62 91 91 91 90 89 89 88 87 87 86 86 86 85 84 83 82 82 81 80 80 79 78 77 77 76 75 74 74 73 72 71 70 69 69 68 67 66 64 63 63 62 61 90 89 89 88 88 88 87 86 86 85 84 84 83 82 82 81 81 80 79 78 77 77 76 76 75 74 73 72 71 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 65 63 62 61 60 60 88 88 88 87 86 86 85 84 84 83 83 83 82 81 80 79 79 78 77 77 76 75 74 74 73 72 71 71 70 69 68 67 66 66 65 64 63 61 60 60 59 58 87 86 86 85 84 84 83 83 83 82 81 81 80 79 78 77 77 77 76 75 74 73 72 72 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 85 84 84 83 82 82 82 81 81 80 79 79 78 77 77 76 76 75 74 73 72 71 71 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 65 64 63 62 61 60 60 58 57 56 55 54 Total Performance Test Score June 2008 Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science continued Total Written Test Score 16 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 69 68 66 65 64 63 63 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 53 52 52 50 49 47 46 45 44 42 41 41 39 37 36 35 34 32 31 29 28 27 25 24 23 21 19 18 17 15 15 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 57 56 56 55 53 52 51 50 49 47 46 44 44 42 41 40 39 37 36 34 33 32 31 29 27 27 25 23 22 21 19 18 16 15 14 68 67 65 64 64 63 62 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 49 48 47 46 44 43 41 41 40 38 36 36 34 33 31 30 29 27 26 24 23 22 20 19 18 16 14 13 67 67 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 56 55 55 54 52 51 50 49 48 46 45 44 43 41 40 39 38 36 35 33 33 31 30 28 27 26 24 22 21 20 18 17 16 14 12 Total Performance Test Score 11 10 9 8 7 67 66 64 64 63 62 61 59 58 58 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 48 47 46 45 43 42 41 40 39 37 35 35 33 32 30 30 28 26 25 24 22 21 19 18 17 15 13 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 55 54 54 53 51 50 49 48 47 45 44 43 42 40 39 38 37 35 34 32 31 30 29 27 26 25 23 21 20 19 17 16 14 13 66 65 63 62 61 61 60 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 50 50 49 47 46 44 44 42 41 39 39 38 36 34 33 32 31 29 28 27 25 24 22 21 20 18 16 16 14 12 65 64 62 62 61 60 59 57 56 56 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 46 45 44 43 41 40 39 38 37 35 34 33 31 30 28 28 26 24 23 22 20 19 17 16 15 13 11 Page 2 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 53 52 51 51 49 48 47 46 45 43 42 40 40 38 37 36 34 33 32 30 29 28 27 25 23 23 21 19 18 17 15 14 12 11 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 52 51 51 50 48 47 46 45 44 42 41 40 39 37 36 35 34 32 31 29 28 27 26 24 23 22 20 18 17 16 14 13 11 10 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 51 50 50 49 47 46 45 44 43 41 40 38 38 36 35 34 33 31 30 28 27 26 25 23 21 21 19 17 16 15 13 12 10 9 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 50 49 48 48 46 45 44 43 42 40 39 37 37 35 34 33 31 30 29 27 26 25 24 22 20 20 18 16 15 14 12 11 9 8 60 59 57 57 56 55 54 52 52 51 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 41 40 39 38 36 35 34 33 32 30 29 28 26 25 23 23 21 19 18 17 15 14 12 11 10 8 6 59 58 56 55 54 54 53 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 43 43 42 40 39 37 37 35 34 32 31 31 29 27 26 25 24 22 21 20 18 17 15 14 13 11 9 9 7 5 57 56 54 54 53 52 51 49 49 48 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 38 37 36 35 33 32 31 30 29 27 26 25 23 22 20 20 18 16 15 14 12 11 9 8 7 5 3 55 55 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 44 43 43 42 40 39 38 37 36 34 33 32 31 29 28 27 26 24 23 21 21 19 18 16 15 14 12 10 9 8 6 5 4 2 54 53 51 50 49 48 48 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 38 37 37 35 34 32 31 30 29 27 26 26 24 22 21 20 19 17 16 14 13 12 10 9 8 6 4 3 2 0 FOR TEACHERS ONLY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PS ES PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE Friday, June 20, 2008 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions to the Teacher: Refer to the directions on page 3 before rating student papers. Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be posted on the New York State Education Department s web site during the rating period. Check this web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ and select the link Examination Scoring Information for any recently posted information regarding this examination. This site should be checked before the rating process for this examination begins and several times throughout the Regents examination period. Part A and Part B 1 Allow 1 credit for each correct response. Part B 1 Part B 1 Part A 1 . . . . .2. . . . . . . 13 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 25 . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 36 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 44 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 2 . . . . .1. . . . . . . 14 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 26 . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 37 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 45 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 3 . . . . .4. . . . . . . 15 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 27 . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 38 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 46 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 4 . . . . .2. . . . . . . 16 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 28 . . . . 3 . . . . . . . 39 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 47 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 5 . . . . .1. . . . . . . 17 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 29 . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 40 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 48 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 6 . . . . .2. . . . . . . 18 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 30 . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 41 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 49 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 7 . . . . .4. . . . . . . 19 . . . . .4 . . . . . . . 31 . . . . 3 . . . . . . . 42 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 50 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 8 . . . . .3. . . . . . . 20 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 32 . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 43 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 9 . . . . .3. . . . . . . 21 . . . . .3 . . . . . . . 33 . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . 22 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . 34 . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 23 . . . . .1 . . . . . . . 35 . . . . 4 . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 24 . . . . .2 . . . . . . . Part A Score Part B 1 Score PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Directions to the Teacher Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Physical Setting/Earth Science examination. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information Booklet for Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences. Use only red ink or red pencil in rating Regents papers. Do not correct the student s work by making insertions or changes of any kind. On the detachable answer sheet for Part A and Part B 1, indicate by means of a check mark each incorrect or omitted answer. In the box provided at the end of each part, record the number of questions the student answered correctly for that part. At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of each student s responses to the Part B 2 and Part C open-ended questions. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score all the open-ended questions on a student s answer paper. Students responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge as indicated by the examples in the rating guide. In the student s answer booklet, record the number of credits earned for each answer in the box printed to the right of the answer lines or spaces for that question. Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given to a response. Units need not be given when the wording of the questions allows such omissions. Raters should enter the scores earned for Part A, Part B 1, Part B 2, and Part C on the appropriate lines in the box printed on the answer booklet and then should add these four scores and enter the total in the box labeled Total Written Test Score. The student s score for the Earth Science Performance Test should be entered in the space provided. Then, the student s raw scores on the performance test and written test should be converted to a scaled score by using the conversion chart that will be posted on the Department s web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ on Friday, June 20, 2008. The student s scaled score should be entered in the labeled box on the student s answer booklet. The scaled score is the student s final examination score. All student answer papers that receive a scaled score of 60 through 64 must be scored a second time. For the second scoring, a different committee of teachers may score the student s paper or the original committee may score the paper, except that no teacher may score the same open-ended questions that he/she scored in the first rating of the paper. The school principal is responsible for assuring that the student s final examination score is based on a fair, accurate, and reliable scoring of the student s answer paper. Because scaled scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one examination to another, it is crucial that for each administration, the conversion chart provided for that administration be used to determine the student s final score. [3] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part B 2 Allow a total of 15 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 51 [1] Allow 1 credit. The student s line must be at the same level as the black line shown below. Example of a 1-credit response: Box Precipitation River KEY Water Caves 52 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The acid rain dissolves the limestone. The calcite in limestone chemically reacts with the acid. 53 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: burning fossil fuels exhaust emission from automobiles smoke from factories [4] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 54 [1] Allow 1 credit for the warm-front symbol drawn on the correct side of line XY. Example of a 1-credit response: C Y X cP A B mT D N 55 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: condensation expanding air cooling to the dewpoint rising air deposition (sublimation) 56 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Location A is influenced by a cold, dry air mass. Location A has clear skies. Location B is in a warm, moist air mass. Location B has cloud cover. 57 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Location C is cooler because it is farther north. C is in a continental polar air mass, which is cold, dry air. Location C has clouds that block some of the sunlight. [5] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 58 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: east northeast ENE 59 [1] Allow 1 credit for Mercury. 60 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: These moons orbit Jupiter, not Earth. The geocentric model has all celestial objects revolving around Earth. 61 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: P-waves can travel through the liquid outer core, but S-waves cannot. P-waves travel through all parts of Earth s interior. S-waves do not pass through the outer core. 62 [1] Allow 1 credit for any value from 2800 to 3000 km. 63 [1] Allow 1 credit for any value from 1408 to 1409 millions of cubic kilometers. 64 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The oceans cover a larger portion of Earth s surface than the continents. Air over oceans has more moisture than air over land. More evaporation occurs over the oceans. 65 [1] Allow 1 credit for two acceptable characteristics. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: slope of the land surface soil type or composition vegetation or lack of vegetation land use/a paved surface degree of soil saturation porosity of the soil permeability or impermeability of the surface [6] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued Part C Allow a total of 20 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 66 [1] Allow 1 credit if the centers of all Xs are correctly plotted within the circles shown below and the Xs are correctly connected with a line that falls within the circles. Example of a 1-credit graph: Radioactive Decay of Carbon-14 Percentage of Original Carbon-14 Remaining 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number of Half-Lives Note: It is recommended that an overlay be used to ensure uniformity in scoring. 67 [1] Allow 1 credit for 22,800 yr. 68 [1] Allow 1 credit for tree trunk and an acceptable explanation. Acceptable explanations include, but are not limited to: The tree trunk is a recent organic remain. Carbon-14 is used to date recent remains. [7] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 69 [1] Allow 1 credit for chromium or Cr. 70 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: hardness luster crystal shape 71 [1] Allow 1 credit for marble. 72 [1] Allow 1 credit for Eocene Epoch. 73 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: convergent plate boundary subduction zone collision boundary 74 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The Sun will appear higher in the sky as Earth moves to position B, then lower in the sky as it moves to position C. The angle increases as it approaches B, and decreases as it approaches C. The altitude will increase, then decrease. 75 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: On an equinox, all locations will have the same duration of insolation. The Sun s direct rays are at the equator on this day. Each location is in sunlight for half of the 24-hour Earth rotation. 76 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Earth s Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. The Arctic Circle is dark and has 24 hours of night. Less sunlight is received in the Northern Hemisphere. 77 [1] Allow 1 credit for 4 p.m. or 1600 hours. Do not allow credit for 4 or 4 a.m. [8] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 78 [1] Allow 1 credit for correctly drawing the 20-foot-depth isoline. It must extend to the edge of the map to receive credit. If other isolines are drawn, all lines must be correct to receive credit. Example of a 1-credit response: Water Depths (feet) 4 9 3 11 4 2 6 5 2 11 8 17 14 9 7 15 10 4 11 2 8 18 17 19 19 18 16 17 11 5 8 20 21 21 5 13 18 15 10 16 A 16 17 7 8 21 24 25 24 21 13 18 15 11 13 2 X 5 9 13 16 15 17 Y 25 26 29 24 26 21 23 26 5 13 24 33 23 B 10 4 17 7 30 5 3 N 13 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 mile [9] [OVER] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE continued 79 [2] Allow a maximum of 2 credits, allocated as follows: Allow 2 credits if the centers of all ten student-plotted X s are within the circles shown below and the X s are correctly connected with a line that falls within the circles. Allow 1 credit if the centers of only eight or nine student-plotted X s are within the circles shown below and the X s are correctly connected with a line that falls within the circles. or Allow 1 credit if all ten student-plotted X s are within the circles shown below, but not correctly connected with a line. Example of a 2-credit response: A Lake Surface 0 B 0 10 20 20 Depth (ft) 10 30 30 Distance (mi) 80 [1] Allow 1 credit for any value from 28 to 32 with correct units. Acceptable units include, but are not limited to: feet/mile ft/mi feet per mile [10] PHYSICAL SETTING/EARTH SCIENCE concluded 81 [1] Allow 1 credit if all values, units, and compass directions for latitude and longitude are correct, as shown. Latitude: 34 N Longitude: 118.5 W 118 30' W 82 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: It is near a plate boundary. The San Andreas Fault is nearby. The bedrock contains many faults. 83 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Oakland is farthest from the epicenter. 84 [1] Allow 1 credit for two acceptable responses. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: secure heavy objects prepare an emergency medical kit plan an evacuation route locate the nearest shelter reinforce house structure [11] Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science June 2008 Chart for Converting Total Test Raw Scores to Final Examination Scores (Scaled Scores) The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the June 2008 Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science will be posted on the Department s web site http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/ on Friday, June 20, 2008. Conversion charts provided for previous administrations of the Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Earth Science must NOT be used to determine students final scores for this administration. Submitting Teacher Evaluations of the Test to the Department Suggestions and feedback from teachers provide an important contribution to the test development process. The Department provides an online evaluation form for State assessments. It contains spaces for teachers to respond to several specific questions and to make suggestions. Instructions for completing the evaluation form are as follows: 1. Go to www.emsc.nysed.gov/osa/exameval. 2. Select the test title. 3. Complete the required demographic fields. 4. Complete each evaluation question and provide comments in the space provided. 5. Click the SUBMIT button at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form. [12] Map to Core Curriculum June 2008 Physical Setting/Earth Science Key Ideas/Performance Indicators Math Key Idea 1 Math Key Idea 2 Math Key Idea 3 Science Inquiry Key Idea 1 Science Inquiry Key Idea 2 Science Inquiry Key Idea 3 Engineering Design Key Idea 1 Question Numbers Part A Part B Part C Standard 1 63 66, 79, 80 26, 30, 33 37, 38, 41, 42, 43 59 67 1, 4, 14 36, 39, 44, 45, 68, 69, 82 50, 52, 60, 64 6 37, 38, 46, 47, 59 71, 72 Standard 2 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Standard 6 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Key Idea 4 Key Idea 5 Key Idea 6 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 35 2 12 65 36, 40, 45, 48, 49, 51, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63 69, 70 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83 80, 81 55, 56, 57, 58 67, 80 Standard 7 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 ESRT 2001 Edition (Revised) 53 84 Standard 4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 20, 21, 22 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 26, 34, 35 36, 37, 38, 39, 44, 45, 51, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65 66, 67, 68, 72, 77, 81 39, 40, 41, 42, 73, 74, 75, 76, 43, 48, 49, 50, 78, 79, 80, 82, 52, 53, 54, 55, 83, 84 56, 57, 58, 61, 62 46, 47 Reference Tables 2, 3, 6, 14, 16, 37, 38, 46, 47, 18, 20, 21, 23, 54, 59, 62 24, 25, 26, 33, 34, 35 69, 70, 71 67, 71, 72, 73, 80, 82

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Additional Info : Refer: Answer Booklet at page 29, Conversion Chart at page 37 and Scoring Key at page 39
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