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New York Regents Chemistry January 2012 Exam

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P.S./CHEMISTRY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING CHEMISTRY Thursday, January 26, 2012 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only This is a test of your knowledge of chemistry. Use that knowledge to answer all questions in this examination. Some questions may require the use of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. You are to answer all questions in all parts of this examination according to the directions provided in the examination booklet. The answers to all questions in this examination are to be written in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on the front of your answer booklet. All work should be written in pen, except for graphs and drawings, which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to work out the answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers in your answer booklet. When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement printed on the first page of your answer booklet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowledge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Your answer booklet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this declaration. Notice. . . A four-function or scientific calculator and a copy of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry must be available for you to use while taking this examination. The use of any communications device is strictly prohibited when taking this examination. If you use any communications device, no matter how briefly, your examination will be invalidated and no score will be calculated for you. DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN. P.S./CHEMISTRY Part A Answer all questions in this part. Directions (1 30): For each statement or question, write in your answer booklet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. 1 What is the number of electrons in a completely filled second shell of an atom? (1) 32 (3) 18 (2) 2 (4) 8 7 The elements in Group 2 are classified as (1) metals (3) nonmetals (2) metalloids (4) noble gases 8 Which list includes elements with the most similar chemical properties? (1) Br, Ga, Hg (3) O, S, Se (2) Cr, Pb, Xe (4) N, O, F 2 What is the number of electrons in an atom that has 3 protons and 4 neutrons? (1) 1 (3) 3 (2) 7 (4) 4 37 9 The notation for the nuclide 155Cs gives information about (1) mass number, only (2) atomic number, only (3) both mass number and atomic number (4) neither mass number nor atomic number 3 As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom (1) contains protons, neutrons, and electrons (2) contains a small, dense nucleus (3) has positrons and orbitals (4) is a hard, indivisible sphere 10 Which pair represents two forms of an element in the same phase at STP but with different structures and different properties? (1) I2(s) and I2(g) (3) H2(g) and Hg(g) (2) O2(g) and O3(g) (4) H2O(s) and H2O( ) 4 Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom? (1) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. (2) A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons. (3) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. (4) A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons. 11 The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing (1) atomic mass (3) molar mass (2) atomic number (4) oxidation number 5 Which atom in the ground state has an outermost electron with the most energy? (1) Cs (3) Li (2) K (4) Na 12 What is the IUPAC name for the compound ZnO? (1) zinc oxide (3) zinc peroxide (2) zinc oxalate (4) zinc hydroxide 6 Which particle has the least mass? (1) alpha particle (3) neutron (2) beta particle (4) proton 13 Which atom attains a stable valence electron configuration by bonding with another atom? (1) neon (3) helium (2) radon (4) hydrogen P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [2] 14 An ionic bond can be formed when one or more electrons are (1) equally shared by two atoms (2) unequally shared by two atoms (3) transferred from the nucleus of one atom to the nucleus of another atom (4) transferred from the valence shell of one atom to the valence shell of another atom 20 Which sample of matter is classified as a substance? (1) air (3) milk (2) ammonia (4) seawater 21 Which element has the lowest electronegativity value? (1) F (3) Cl (2) Fr (4) Cr 15 Which sample of CO2 has a definite shape and a definite volume? (1) CO2(aq) (3) CO2( ) (2) CO2(g) (4) CO2(s) 22 At standard pressure, CH4 boils at 112 K and H2O boils at 373 K. What accounts for the higher boiling point of H2O at standard pressure? (1) covalent bonding (3) hydrogen bonding (2) ionic bonding (4) metallic bonding 16 What occurs in order to break the bond in a Cl2 molecule? (1) Energy is absorbed. (2) Energy is released. (3) The molecule creates energy. (4) The molecule destroys energy. 23 A mixture of sand and table salt can be separated by filtration because the substances in the mixture differ in (1) boiling point (3) freezing point (2) density at STP (4) solubility in water 17 A sealed, rigid 1.0-liter cylinder contains He gas at STP. An identical sealed cylinder contains Ne gas at STP. These two cylinders contain the same number of (1) atoms (3) ions (2) electrons (4) protons 24 Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward (1) lower energy and lower entropy (2) lower energy and higher entropy (3) higher energy and lower entropy (4) higher energy and higher entropy 18 Which statement describes a chemical change? (1) Alcohol evaporates. (2) Water vapor forms snowflakes. (3) Table salt (NaCl) is crushed into powder. (4) Glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen produce CO2 and H2O. 25 In the wave-mechanical model of the atom, an orbital is the most probable location of (1) a proton (3) a neutron (2) a positron (4) an electron 26 Functional groups are used to classify (1) organic compounds (2) inorganic compounds (3) heterogeneous mixtures (4) homogeneous mixtures 19 Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas according to the kinetic molecular theory? (1) The gas particles are arranged in a regular geometric pattern. (2) The gas particles are in random, constant, straight-line motion. (3) The gas particles are separated by very small distances, relative to their sizes. (4) The gas particles are strongly attracted to each other. P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [3] [OVER] 27 Which class of compounds contains at least one element from Group 17 of the Periodic Table? (1) aldehyde (3) ester (2) amine (4) halide 29 When a voltaic cell operates, ions move through the (1) anode (3) salt bridge (2) cathode (4) external circuit 28 In a propanal molecule, an oxygen atom is bonded with a carbon atom. What is the total number of pairs of electrons shared between these atoms? (1) 1 (3) 3 (2) 2 (4) 4 30 When dissolved in water, an Arrhenius base yields (1) hydrogen ions (3) hydroxide ions (2) hydronium ions (4) oxide ions P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [4] Part B 1 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (31 50): For each statement or question, write in your answer booklet the number of the word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions may require the use of the Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. 31 What is the total number of valence electrons in a germanium atom in the ground state? (1) 22 (3) 32 (2) 2 (4) 4 36 Which quantity is equal to 50 kilojoules? (1) 0.05 J (3) 5 103 J (2) 500 J (4) 5 104 J 37 Which compound is formed from its elements by an exothermic reaction at 298 K and 101.3 kPa? (1) C2H4(g) (3) H2O(g) (2) HI(g) (4) NO2(g) 32 Which element is paired with an excited-state electron configuration for an atom of the element? (1) Ca: 2-8-8-2 (3) K: 2-6-8-3 (2) Na: 2-8-2 (4) F: 2-8 38 At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to 80. kPa? (1) 48 C (3) 80. C (2) 73 C (4) 101 C 33 Given the balanced equations representing two chemical reactions: Cl2 + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br2 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 39 At 25 C, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a volume of 145 mL and a pressure of 125 kPa. Then the gas is compressed to a volume of 80. mL. What is the new pressure of the gas if the temperature is held at 25 C? (1) 69 kPa (3) 160 kPa (2) 93 kPa (4) 230 kPa Which types of chemical reactions are represented by these equations? (1) single replacement and decomposition (2) single replacement and double replacement (3) synthesis and decomposition (4) synthesis and double replacement 40 A 2400.-gram sample of an aqueous solution contains 0.012 gram of NH3. What is the concentration of NH3 in the solution, expressed as parts per million? (1) 5.0 ppm (3) 20. ppm (2) 15 ppm (4) 50. ppm 34 An ion that consists of 7 protons, 6 neutrons, and 10 electrons has a net charge of (1) 4 (3) 3+ (2) 3 (4) 4+ 35 Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a molecule having a nonpolar covalent bond? Cl Cl K+ 41 Which equation represents a change that results in an increase in disorder? (1) I2(s) I2(g) (2) CO2(g) CO2(s) (3) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) 2NaCl(s) (4) 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O( ) Br (1) (3) H Cl HS H (2) P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 (4) [5] [OVER] 42 A solution consists of 0.50 mole of CaCl2 dissolved in 100. grams of H2O at 25 C. Compared to the boiling point and freezing point of 100. grams of H2O at standard pressure, the solution at standard pressure has (1) a lower boiling point and a lower freezing point (2) a lower boiling point and a higher freezing point (3) a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point (4) a higher boiling point and a higher freezing point 45 Some solid KNO3 remains at the bottom of a stoppered flask containing a saturated KNO3(aq) solution at 22 C. Which statement explains why the contents of the flask are at equilibrium? (1) The rate of dissolving is equal to the rate of crystallization. (2) The rate of dissolving is greater than the rate of crystallization. (3) The concentration of the solid is equal to the concentration of the solution. (4) The concentration of the solid is greater than the concentration of the solution. 43 Given the balanced ionic equation representing a reaction: 46 Which formula represents the product of the addition reaction between ethene and chlorine, Cl2? 2Al(s) + 3Cu2+(aq) 2Al3+(aq) + 3Cu(s) Cl Cl Which half-reaction represents the reduction that occurs? (1) Al Al3+ + 3e (2) Al3+ + 3e Al (3) Cu Cu2+ + 2e (4) Cu2+ + 2e Cu C C H Cl CI CI H CI Potential Energy (kJ/mol) C H H Cl Cl H C CI H C CH H (2) C H (3) H H C CH H H (4) 47 Based on Reference Table J, which two reactants react spontaneously? (1) Mg(s) + ZnCl2(aq) (3) Pb(s) + ZnCl2(aq) (2) Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq) (4) Co(s) + NaCl(aq) A+B 48 When the pH value of a solution is changed from 2 to 1, the concentration of hydronium ions (1) decreases by a factor of 2 (2) increases by a factor of 2 (3) decreases by a factor of 10 (4) increases by a factor of 10 Reaction Coordinate If each interval on the axis labeled Potential Energy (kJ/mol) represents 10. kJ/mol, what is the heat of reaction? (1) +60. kJ/mol (3) +30. kJ/mol (2) +20. kJ/mol (4) +40. kJ/mol P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 C (1) 44 Given the equation and potential energy diagram representing a reaction: A+B H [6] 50 Given the equation representing a reversible reaction: 49 Given the balanced equation representing a nuclear reaction: 2 1H 3 + 1H 4He + 1n 2 0 NH3(g) + H2O( ) According to one acid-base theory, the reactant that donates an H+ ion in the forward reaction is (1) NH3(g) (3) NH4+(aq) (2) H2O( ) (4) OH (aq) Which phrase identifies and describes this reaction? (1) fission, mass converted to energy (2) fission, energy converted to mass (3) fusion, mass converted to energy (4) fusion, energy converted to mass P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 NH4+(aq) + OH (aq) [7] [OVER] Part B 2 Answer all questions in this part. Directions (51 65): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. Base your answers to questions 51 through 54 on the information below. The atomic radius and the ionic radius for some Group 1 and some Group 17 elements are given in the tables below. Atomic and Ionic Radii of Some Elements Group 1 Particle Group 17 Radius (pm) Particle Radius (pm) Li atom Li+ ion 130. 78 F atom F ion 60. 133 Na atom Na+ ion 160. 98 Cl atom Cl ion 100. 181 K atom K+ ion 200. 133 Br atom Br ion 117 ? Rb atom Rb+ ion 215 148 l atom l ion 136 220. 51 Estimate the radius of a Br ion. [1] 52 Explain, in terms of electron shells, why the radius of a K+ ion is greater than the radius of an Na+ ion. [1] 53 Write both the name and the charge of the particle that is gained by an F atom when the atom becomes an F ion. [1] 54 State the relationship between atomic number and first ionization energy as the elements in Group 1 are considered in order of increasing atomic number. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [8] Base your answers to questions 55 through 57 on the information below. Starting as a gas at 206 C, a sample of a substance is allowed to cool for 16 minutes. This process is represented by the cooling curve below. Cooling Curve for a Substance 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Time (min) 55 What is the melting point of this substance? [1] 56 At what time do the particles of this sample have the lowest average kinetic energy? [1] 57 Using the key in your answer booklet, draw two particle diagrams to represent the two phases of the sample at minute 4. Your response must include at least six particles for each diagram. [1] Base your answers to questions 58 and 59 on the information below. Two hydrocarbons that are isomers of each other are represented by the structural formulas and molecular formulas below. Hydrocarbon 1 H H H C C H C H H C C Hydrocarbon 2 H H H C5H8 H C C C H H H H H C C H C5H8 58 Explain, in terms of bonds, why these hydrocarbons are unsaturated. [1] 59 Explain, in terms of structural formulas and molecular formulas, why these hydrocarbons are isomers of each other. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [9] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 60 through 62 on the information below. The diagram below represents an operating electrolytic cell used to plate silver onto a nickel key. As the cell operates, oxidation occurs at the silver electrode and the mass of the silver electrode decreases. Ni(s) Power source AgNO3(aq) Ag(s) electrode 60 Identify the cathode in the cell. [1] 61 State the purpose of the power source in the cell. [1] 62 Explain, in terms of Ag atoms and Ag+(aq) ions, why the mass of the silver electrode decreases as the cell operates. [1] Base your answers to questions 63 through 65 on the information below. In a titration, a few drops of an indicator are added to a flask containing 35.0 milliliters of HNO3(aq) of unknown concentration. After 30.0 milliliters of 0.15 M NaOH(aq) solution is slowly added to the flask, the indicator changes color, showing the acid is neutralized. 63 The volume of the NaOH(aq) solution is expressed to what number of significant figures? [1] 64 Complete the equation in your answer booklet for this neutralization reaction by writing the formula of each product. [1] 65 In the space in your answer booklet, show a numerical setup for calculating the concentration of the HNO3(aq) solution. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [10] Part C Answer all questions in this part. Directions (66 85): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions may require the use of the Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. Base your answers to questions 66 through 69 on the information below. During a fireworks display, salts are heated to very high temperatures. Ions in the salts absorb energy and become excited. Spectacular colors are produced as energy is emitted from the ions in the form of light. The color of the emitted light is characteristic of the metal ion in each salt. For example, the lithium ion in lithium carbonate, Li2CO3, produces a deep-red color. The strontium ion in strontium carbonate, SrCO3, produces a bright-red color. Similarly, calcium chloride is used for orange light, sodium chloride for yellow light, and barium chloride for green light. 66 Write the formula for the salt used to produce green light in a fireworks display. [1] 67 Identify the two types of chemical bonds found in the salt used to produce a deep-red color. [1] 68 Determine the oxidation state of carbon in the salt used to produce a bright-red color. [1] 69 Explain, in terms of subatomic particles and energy states, how the colors in a fireworks display are produced. [1] Base your answers to questions 70 and 71 on the information below. A scientist makes a solution that contains 44.0 grams of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl(g), in 200. grams of water, H2O( ), at 20. C. This process is represented by the balanced equation below. HCl(g) H2O H+(aq) + Cl (aq) 70 Based on Reference Table G, identify, in terms of saturation, the type of solution made by the scientist. [1] 71 Explain, in terms of the distribution of particles, why the solution is a homogeneous mixture. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [11] [OVER] Base your answers to questions 72 through 74 on the information below. Iron has been used for thousands of years. In the air, iron corrodes. One reaction for the corrosion of iron is represented by the balanced equation below. Equation 1: 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s) In the presence of water, iron corrodes more quickly. This corrosion is represented by the unbalanced equation below. Equation 2: Fe(s) + O2(g) + H2O( ) Fe(OH)2(s) 72 Identify one substance in the passage that can not be broken down by a chemical change. [1] 73 Using equation 1, describe one chemical property of iron. [1] 74 Balance the equation in your answer booklet, using the smallest whole-number coefficients. [1] Base your answers to questions 75 through 78 on the information below. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is water soluble and cannot be produced by the human body. Each day, a person s diet should include a source of vitamin C, such as orange juice. Ascorbic acid has a molecular formula of C6H8O6 and a gram-formula mass of 176 grams per mole. 75 What is the color of the indicator thymol blue after it is added to an aqueous solution of vitamin C? [1] 76 Determine the number of moles of vitamin C in an orange that contains 0.071 gram of vitamin C. [1] 77 In the space in your answer booklet, show a numerical setup for calculating the percent composition by mass of oxygen in ascorbic acid. [1] 78 Write the empirical formula for ascorbic acid. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [12] Base your answers to questions 79 through 81 on the information below. Several steps are involved in the industrial production of sulfuric acid. One step involves the oxidation of sulfur dioxide gas to form sulfur trioxide gas. A catalyst is used to increase the rate of production of sulfur trioxide gas. In a rigid cylinder with a movable piston, this reaction reaches equilibrium, as represented by the equation below. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) + 392 kJ 79 Explain, in terms of collision theory, why increasing the pressure of the gases in the cylinder increases the rate of the forward reaction. [1] 80 Determine the amount of heat released by the production of 1.0 mole of SO3(g). [1] 81 State, in terms of the concentration of SO3(g), what occurs when more O2(g) is added to the reaction at equilibrium. [1] Base your answers to questions 82 through 85 on the information below. Nuclear radiation is harmful to living cells, particularly to fast-growing cells, such as cancer cells and blood cells. An external beam of the radiation emitted from a radioisotope can be directed on a small area of a person to destroy cancer cells within the body. Cobalt-60 is an artificially produced radioisotope that emits gamma rays and beta particles. One hospital keeps a 100.0-gram sample of cobalt-60 in an appropriate, secure storage container for future cancer treatment. 82 State one risk to human tissue associated with the use of radioisotopes to treat cancer. [1] 83 Compare the penetrating power of the two emissions from the Co-60. [1] 84 Complete the nuclear equation in your answer booklet for the beta decay of the Co-60 by writing an isotopic notation for the missing product. [1] 85 Determine the total time that will have elapsed when 12.5 grams of the original Co-60 sample at the hospital remains unchanged. [1] P.S./Chem. Jan. 12 [13] P.S./CHEMISTRY Printed on Recycled Paper P.S./CHEMISTRY FOR TEACHERS ONLY The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION P.S. CH PHYSICAL SETTING/CHEMISTRY Thursday, January 26, 2012 1:15 to 4:15 p.m., only SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE Directions to the Teacher: Refer to the directions on page 2 before rating student papers. Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be posted on the New York State Education Department s web site during the rating period. Check this web site at: http://www.p12.nysed.gov/apda/ and select the link Scoring Information for any recently posted information regarding this examination. This site should be checked before the rating process for this examination begins and several times throughout the Regents Examination period. Part A and Part B 1 Allow 1 credit for each correct response. Part B 1 Part A 1 .....4..... 11 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 21 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 31 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 41 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 2 .....3..... 12 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 22 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 32 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 42 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 3 .....2..... 13 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 23 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 33 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 43 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 4 .....3..... 14 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 24 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 34 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 5 .....1..... 15 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 25 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 35 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 45 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 6 .....2..... 16 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 26 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 36 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 46 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 7 .....1..... 17 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 27 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 37 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 47 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 8 .....3..... 18 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 28 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 38 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 48 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 9 .....3..... 19 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 29 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 39 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 49 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 10 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 20 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 30 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 40 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 50 . . . . . 2 . . . . . Directions to the Teacher Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Physical Setting/Chemistry examination. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information Booklet for Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences. Use only red ink or red pencil in rating Regents papers. Do not correct the student s work by making insertions or changes of any kind. For Part A and Part B 1, indicate by means of a check mark each incorrect or omitted answer. In the box provided at the end of each part, record the number of questions the student answered correctly for that part. At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of each student s responses to the Part B 2 and Part C open-ended questions. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score more than approximately one-half of the open-ended questions on a student s answer paper. Students responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge, as indicated by the examples in the rating guide. Complete sentences are not required. Phrases, diagrams, and symbols may be used. In the student s answer booklet, record the number of credits earned for each answer in the box printed to the right of the answer lines or spaces for that question. Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given to a response. Units need not be given when the wording of the questions allows such omissions. Raters should enter the scores earned for Part A, Part B 1, Part B 2, and Part C on the appropriate lines in the box printed on the answer booklet and then should add these four scores and enter the total in the box labeled Total Written Test Score. Then, the student s raw score should be converted to a scale score by using the conversion chart that will be posted on the Department s web site at: http://www.p12.nysed.gov/apda/ on Thursday, January 26, 2012. The student s scale score should be entered in the labeled box on the student s answer booklet. The scale score is the student s final examination score. On the front of the student s answer booklet, raters must enter their initials on the lines next to Rater 1 or Rater 2. Schools are not permitted to rescore any of the open-ended questions on this exam after each question has been rated once, regardless of the final exam score. Schools are required to ensure that the raw scores have been added correctly and that the resulting scale score has been determined accurately. Because scale scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one administration to another, it is crucial that for each administration the conversion chart provided for that administration be used to determine the student s final score. P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [2] Part B 2 Allow a total of 15 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 51 [1] Allow 1 credit for an ionic radius value greater than 181 pm and less than 220. pm. 52 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: A K+ ion has three electron shells and an Na+ ion has only two. A sodium ion has fewer electron shells than a potassium ion. 53 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Particle: electron Charge of particle: 1 Particle: electron Charge of particle: negative 54 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: As the elements in Group 1 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, first ionization energy decreases. As atomic number increases, first ionization energy decreases. 55 [1] Allow 1 credit for 90 C 2 C. 56 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: minute 16 at 16 minutes P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [3] 57 [1] Allow 1 credit. Particles of the gas must be drawn farther apart than particles of the liquid. Example of a 1-credit response: One phase of the sample at minute 4 A different phase of the sample at minute 4 58 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: A hydrocarbon 1 molecule has two carbon-carbon double bonds and a hydrocarbon 2 molecule has one carbon-carbon triple bond. Both hydrocarbons have at least one multiple covalent bond between two carbon atoms. 59 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The molecular formulas of the two hydrocarbons are the same, but the structural formulas are different. 60 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Ni(s) key key nickel 61 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The cell requires electrical energy for the nonspontaneous reaction to occur. The power source causes some Ag(s) atoms to oxidize. P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [4] 62 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Silver atoms lose electrons and become silver ions in the solution. Some of the Ag atoms become Ag+ ions. Silver atoms are oxidized to silver ions. 63 [1] Allow 1 credit for 3 or three. 64 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: NaNO3(aq) + H2O( ) HOH + NaNO3 65 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: MA(35.0 mL) = (0.15 M)(30.0 mL) 0.15 30 35 P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [5] Part C Allow a total of 20 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part. 66 [1] Allow 1 credit for BaCl2. 67 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: ionic bonds and polar covalent bonds covalent and ionic 68 [1] Allow 1 credit for +4. 69 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: When electrons in the ions move from higher energy states to lower energy states, lights of specific wavelengths are emitted. Light is emitted when electrons return from higher electron shells to lower electron shells. 70 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: unsaturated solution unsaturated 71 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The H+ ions and the Cl ions are distributed uniformly throughout the solution. There is an even distribution of H+(aq) and Cl (aq). 72 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Fe oxygen P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [6] 73 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Iron reacts with oxygen to form a compound. An iron atom can lose three electrons. The Fe atoms can form positive ions. 74 [1] Allow 1 credit for ___2___ Fe(s) + _______O2(g) + ___2___ H2O( ) ___2___ Fe(OH)2(s). Allow credit even if the coefficient 1 is written in front of O2(g). 75 [1] Allow 1 credit for yellow. 76 [1] Allow 1 credit. Significant figures do not need to be shown. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: 4.0 10 4 mol 0.000 40 mol 77 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: 6(16 g/mol) 100 176 g/mol (96)(100) 176 78 [1] Allow 1 credit for C3H4O3. The order of the elements can vary. 79 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: When the pressure in the cylinder is increased, the SO2(g) molecules and O2(g) molecules collide more frequently, producing more SO3(g). 80 [1] Allow 1 credit for 196 kJ. 81 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: The concentration of SO3(g) increases. P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [7] 82 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Nuclear radiation is harmful to all living cells. Radioisotopes can cause gene mutations. Treatments can cause stomach problems, such as nausea. 83 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: Gamma radiation has greater penetrating power. Beta particles have weaker penetrating power. 84 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: 60Ni 28 60Ni nickel-60 85 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: 15.813 y 15.8 y P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [8] Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry January 2012 Chart for Converting Total Test Raw Scores to Final Examination Scores (Scale Scores) The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the January 2012 Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry will be posted on the Department s web site at: http://www.p12.nysed.gov/apda/ on Thursday, January 26, 2012. Conversion charts provided for previous administrations of the Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry must NOT be used to determine students final scores for this administration. Online Submission of Teacher Evaluations of the Test to the Department Suggestions and feedback from teachers provide an important contribution to the test development process. The Department provides an online evaluation form for State assessments. It contains spaces for teachers to respond to several specific questions and to make suggestions. Instructions for completing the evaluation form are as follows: 1. Go to http://www.forms2.nysed.gov/emsc/osa/exameval/reexameval.cfm. 2. Select the test title. 3. Complete the required demographic fields. 4. Complete each evaluation question and provide comments in the space provided. 5. Click the SUBMIT button at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form. P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 [9] Map to Core Curriculum January 2012 Physical Setting/Chemistry Question Numbers Key Ideas/Performance Indicators Part A Standard 1 Math Key Idea 1 Math Key Idea 2 Math Key Idea 3 Science Inquiry Key Idea 1 Part B Part C 36, 54, 56, 63 34, 51, 65 49, 52, 61, 62 66, 68, 77, 80 67, 69, 71 32, 41, 46, 50, 53, 59 78 Science Inquiry Key Idea 2 Science Inquiry Key Idea 3 Engineering Design Key Idea 1 Standard 2 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 72, 73 Standard 6 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Key Idea 4 Key Idea 5 48 81 38 Standard 7 Key Idea 1 Key Idea 2 Key Idea 3 Key Idea 4 Key idea 5 Key Idea 3 Key Idea 4 Key Idea 5 2011 Edition P.S./Chem. Rating Guide Jan. 12 76, 82 Standard 4 Process Skills 31, 33, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45, 47, 54, 57, 58, 60, 64 37, 44, 55 35 Standard 4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 31, 32, 33, 39, 40, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 54, 57, 58, 59, 60, 30 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 36, 37, 44, 55, 56 10, 13, 14, 16, 21, 34, 35, 38, 49, 53 22, 28 Reference Tables 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 31, 35, 38, 39, 40, 11, 12, 13, 21, 26, 46, 47, 65 27, 28, 30 [10] 74, 75, 79, 83 84, 85 70 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83 82, 84, 85 67, 70 66, 67, 68, 70, 75, 76, 77, 84, 85

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