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ICSE Class IX Board Exam 2020 : History and Civics

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ICSE Examination Paper, 2020* Class IX History & Civics (Two hours) Answer to this paper must be written on the paper provided separately. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. The time given at the head of this paper is the time allowed for writing the answers. Attempt all questions from Part I (Compulsory). A tota of five questions are to be attempted from Part II, two out of three questions from Section A and three out of five questions from Section B. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ]. PART I (30 marks) Attempt all questions from this Part Question 1. (a) Define the term Constitution. (b) What is meant by Universal Adult Fracnchise ? (c) What is Directive Principles of State Policy ? (d) Write any one Findamental duty of an Indian citizen. (e) What is known as General Elections ? (f) Name the system of election to the office of the President of India. (g) Who appoints the Election Commissioners ? (h) Name the three-tier system of the Panchayati Raj. (i) Mention any one function of Zila Parishad. (j) What is a Municipal Committee ? Question 2. (a) State any two features of urban town planning in the Harappan Civilizations. (b) What are the Jatakas ? (c) Name the oldest Veda composed during early Vedic period. (d) Define Megaliths . (e) Who wrote Arthashastra ? What is it about ? (f) Name the Chola ruler who adopted the title Gangaikonda ? (g) State any two steps that Alauddin Khilji took to establish control over the markets. (h) In what way did Gupta period make progress in the field of Education ? (i) Mention any two works of William Shakespeare. (j) Define Industrial Revolution. [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] PART II (50 marks) SECTION A Attempt any two questions from this Section Question 3. With reference to the Indian Constitution and its salient features answer the following : (a) Why was 26th January chosen as the date for the enforcement of the Indian Constitution ? [3] (b) Explain the meaning of Single Citizenship and state the reason why it has been incorporated in the Indian Constitution. [3] (c) What is Welfare State ? [4] Question 4. In the context of Elections, answer the following : *The answers of this Question Paper have been merged chapterwise/topicwise within the book. Kindly refer respective chapters for these answers. 2 | Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX (a) State the meaning of Mid-term Election . (b) Explain what is meant by Indirect election? (c) What do you understand by the term By-elections ? [3] [3] [4] Question 5. With reference to Local Self-Government in India, answer the following : (a) What is Gram Panchayat ? State any two functions of the Gram Panchayat. (b) List any three functions of Panchayat Samiti. (c) What is a Municipal Corporation ? [3] [3] [4] SECTION B Attempt any three questions from this Section. Question 6. In the context of the Harappan Civilization and the Vedic Age, answer the following : (a) State any three valuable pieces of information that the Seals provide about the Harappan Civilization. (b) Explain briefly the important of Epics in the Vedic period. (c) Differentiate between the Early Vedic Age and the Later Vedic Age with reference to its Economy. [3] [3] [4] Question 7. With reference to the rise of Jainism, Buddhism and the Mauryan Empire answer the following : (a) State any three causes that led to the rise of Jainism and Buddhism in the 6th century B.C. in India. (b) State any three features of Ashoka s Dhamma. (c) Explain any four features of the central government under the Mauryan administration. [3] [3] [4] Question 8. In the context of the Mughal Empire and the growth of a composite culture in medieval India answer the following : (a) (i) Identify the outstanding monument in the picture above. (ii) Where is it located ? (iii) Name the Mughal Emperor who built it. (b) State any three features of Emperor Akbar s Mansabdari system. [3] [3] Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX | 3 (c) Explain the significance of Bhakti movement on Indian culture. [4] Question 9. Several factors interplayed to bring about the Renaissance in Europe. In the above context, answer the following : (a) How did the capture of Contantinople lead to the Renaissance ? (b) How did the Printing Press bring about a new awakening in Europe ? (c) Explain any two contribution of Copernicus that challenged the belief in the field of Science. [3] [3] [4] Question 10. With reference to the Reformation Movement in Europe answer the following : (a) What was meant by Sale of Indulgences ? (b) State any three contributions of Martin Luther. (c) Define Counter Reformation . [3] [3] [4] qq ANSWERS PART I (30 Marks) 1. (a) A constitution is defined as a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is to be governed. The Indian constitution defines the position and powers of the three organs of the govenment the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. [1] (b) Universal Adult Franchise refers to the Right to Vote that is given to all citizens irrespective of their caste, creed, gender, religion etc. In India the eligible voting age is 18 years and above. [1] (c) The Directive Principles of State Policy are an important feature of our constitution. These are included in Part IV of the constitution, which comprises of Articles 36 to 51. [1] (d) They are incorporated in our Constitution so as to create social and economic conditions under which the citizens can lead a good life. [1] 1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem. 2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom. 3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India. 4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so. 5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women. 6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture. 7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures. 8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform. 9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence. 10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement. 11. Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years. (Any One) (e) The elections held to elect the members of the Lok Sabha after expiry of the normal term of five years are called the General Elections . [1] (f) The President of India is elected indirectly, where the election takes place in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote. [1] (g) The Election Commisioners are appointed by the President of India. [1] (h) The three-tier system of the Panchayati Raj are : (i) Gram Panchayats at village level. (ii) Panchayat Samiti at block level or middle level. 4 | Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX (iii) Zila Parishad at district level. [1] (i) The Zila Parishad advises the State Government on all matters relating to the Gram Panchayats and Panchayat Samitis under their own jurisdiction. [1] (j) A municipal committee is a set up for smaller towns. A mayor is elected to serve as the supposed head of a municipal corporation, it deals with the State Government through the District Administration. It is also called Municipal Board or Municiplaity. [1] 2. (a) The two features of urban town planning in the Harappan Civilization are : (i) The streets crossed the main road at right angles, dividing the city into square or rectangular blocks. (ii) The houses at street corners were rounded to allow carts to pass easily. [1 2 = 2] (b) Jatakas refer to the tales which describe the previous births of Buddha, in both human and animal form. The Jataka tales teach us about the moral values, ethics and principles of Buddhism. [2] (c) The oldest veda composed during early vedic period is Rig Veda. It is also known as the the first testament of mankind . It contains hymns dedicated by the sages to gods. 250 hymns are devoted to Indra. It also contains the famous Gayatri Mantra . [2] (d) Megaliths are huge stones found at most burial sites. These are memorial stones listing the achievements of the person buried at the site. Since they were built by megalith builders and so these graves are called Megaliths. [2] (e) Kautilya, also known as Vishnugupta or Chanakya wrote Arthashastra. He was the advisor and Prime Minister of Chandragupta. Arthashastra is written in Sanskrit. It is a comprehensive manual that deals with politics, rules of diplomacy, principles of administration and other such political topics. [2] (f) Rajendra Chola adopted the title Gangaikonda . Rajendras Campaigns were daring. Once his armies marched up to the east coast of India, through Odisha, and up to the Ganga river. The Chola army defeated Mahipala, King of Bengal. To Commemorate this victory, Rajendra adopted the title of Gangaikonda and built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. [2] (g) (i) Alauddin Khilji fixed the cost of all commodities such as food grains, sugar and cooking oil. (ii) For this purpose, he set up three markets at Delhi one market for food grains, the second costly cloth, and the third for horses, slaves and cattle. (iii) Each market was put under the charge of a controller of market (Shahna). (iv) Very strict punishments were prescribed for cheating and underweighing goods. [Any two points][1 2 = 2] (h) (i) The Gupta rulers encouraged higher learning and patronised centres of higher education at Nalanda, Takshila, Ujjain and Valabhi. Each of these universities specialised in a particular field of study. (ii) During the Gupta period, between the 7 th and 8th centuries CE, these universities became great centres of higher studies, attracting scholars from all parts of India and from several foreign countries as well. (iii) These educational institutions were financed by grants of land and liberal donations from the Gupta Kings as well as from other affluent people. [Any two][1 2 = 2] (i) (i) William Shakespeare was an English poet, a playwright and an actor, who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s pre-eminent dramatist. (ii) He wrote 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and few other verses. (iii) He also wrote several comedies during his early period : A Midsummer Night s Dream, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It and Twelfth Night. [Any two][1 2 = 2] (j) Industrial Revolution is the name given to a series of changes that bought about a transition from production by hand to production by machine and from small-scale production to large-scale production. It denotes all those changes that took place in the field of industry during the second-half of the 18 th century and the first-half of the 19th century. [2] PART II (50 marks) SECTION A 3. (a) The date 26th January was chosen as the date for the enforcement of the Indian Constitution for the following reasons : (i) The date January 26, 1950 was specially selected because of its historical importance. (ii) It was on this date, January 26, in 1929 that the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress held for the first time given the call of Purna Swaraj or Complete Independence. (iii) Since then, the day was celebrated as Independence Day upto 1947. [1 3 = 3] (b) The Indian Constitution provides for a single citizenship. This means that all Indians irrespective of the state of their domicile are the citizens of India. | 5 Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX (c) 4. (a) (b) (c) 5. (a) (b) (c) It has been incorporated in the Indian Constitution as this has been done to ward-off seperatist tendencies and promote fraternity and unity among the people. [1 + 1 = 3] (i) A welfare state is a state which seeks to ensure the maximum happiness of maximum number of people living within its territory. (ii) The Constitution of India seeks to establish India as a welfare state. Although the words Welfare State are not specifically mentioned in the constitution, the aims and objectives of a welfare state are clearly pointed out in the Directive Principles of State Policy. (iii) These directives emphasise that the goal of the Indian Polity is a welfare state, where the state has a positive duty to ensure to its citizens social and economic justice and dignity to the individual. (iv) Both the union and State governments, have over the past decades taken steps to implement Directive Principles, which aim at establishing social and economic democracy, the basic goal of a welfare state. Our planning process or the Five Year Plans are directed towards achieving this goal. [1 4 = 4] (i) The mid-term election is held when a State Legislative Assembly or the Lok Sabha is dissolved before the completion of its full term (5 years). (ii) The new house will normally have a full five year term. This election is called mid-term election. [1 + 1 = 3] (i) In an indirect election voters do not directly choose their representatives. (ii) The elected representatives of the people elect the members of the Rajya Sabha, the Vidhan Sabha, the Vidhan Parishad, the President and the Vice-President of India. (iii) In the case of the Legislative Council, members are elected by members of the Legistaive Assembly from amongst person who are not the members of the Legislative Assembly. [1 3 = 3] When a seat held by any member of the Legislative Assembly in the Centre or State falls vacant on account of death, resignation of the member before completion of his/her term, to fill up this vacancy the election which is held is called the by-election. The person so elected remains the member for the unexpired term of the House. [4] A Gram Panchayat is the local self government organisation in India of the Panchayati Raj system. It is a basic village institute that address issues at grass root level. The two functions of the Gram Panchayat are : (i) Providing primary education. (ii) Sanitation, health, setting up of health centres and dispensaries. [1 + 2 = 3] The three functions of the panchayat samiti are: (i) To supervise and co-ordinate the working of the Gram Panchayats. (ii) To provide dirinking water and execute other community development programmes. (iii) To act as a link between the Gram Panchayat and Zila Parishad. [1 3 = 3] Municipal Corporation is a local self-government unit in big cities. The Municipal Corporation carries out its functions through well organized divisions or departments. For example, water supply and Sewage Disposal Undertaking, Housing Board, Education Department and Electricity Department. Each of these departments are looked after by experienced and qualified persons. [4] SECTION B 6. (a) (i) The Harappan seals provide us an insight about the religious beliefs of the people. For eg: The Pashupati Seal. (ii) Trade practices, contacts and commercial relations.are also revealed through these seals. (iii) The Bull Seal depicts a humped bull of great vigour. The figure shows the artistic skill and a good knowledge of animal anatomy.. [Any three][1 3 = 3] (b) The importance of the Epics : (i) The Epics serve as the main source of information on the political institutions and the social and cultural organization of the Epic Age. (ii) The Epics are considered as the finest literary works of the ancient period and are acclaimed for their literary and philosophical value. (iii) They reveal the high ideals of family life of the Aryans. [1 3 = 3] (c) Economy : Early Vedic Age (i) Later Vedic Age In the beginning, the main occupation was Agriculture became the chief occupation while domestication of animals and agriculture was domestication of animals also continued. secondary 6 | Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX Early Vedic Age Later Vedic Age (ii) Cattle was an important source of wealth. Land was an important source of wealth. (iii) Many engaged in trade and commerce. Dyeing, Traders guild had come up and trade become embroidery, carpentry, weaving, pottery, crafts in very important. Besides occupations of earlier gold and iron were important occupations. period, many new occupations like physicians, musicians, etc. emerged. [4] 7. (a) Causes for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism : (i) Reaction against Ritualism : Religious ceremonies by then had become very expensive, beyond the means of ordinary people. Some priests hardly realised the sufferings of the common man. This was an important cause that gave rise to faiths that were simple and inexpensive. (ii) Political Situation : In the sixth century BC, Magadha was ruled by Bimbisara and later by Ajatashatru. Both these rulers were liberal and tolerant. They too were free from Brahmanic influence and condemed certain social evils in their kingdoms. When the opportunity came, they patronised both Jainism and Buddhism. (iii) Difficult Language : Sanskrit was considered a sacred language. Most of the vedic literature was composed in Sanskrit. The priestly class gave discourses and chanted mantras in this language, which the common people found difficult to understand. Therefore, many people began to look for an alternative religion that they could understand better. [1 3 = 3] (b) Features of Dhamma : (i) Respect to elders and love to children. (ii) Ahimsa or non-violence. (iii) Good deeds or good karma would give happiness to man in the next birth. (iv) He taught people to respect all religions. (v) He disapproved empty rituals. [Any three][1 3 = 3] (c) Features of the Central Government under the Mauryan administration : (i) At the central level, the king was assisted by the Council of Ministers (Mantri Parishad) headed by the Prime Minister. Each minister was responsible for his department. (ii) The Council of Ministers included the Chief Pujari of the State called Purohit; Senapati, who advised the king on matters related to war and peace; the head treasurer called Sannidhata and Samaharta, the taxation expert. (iii) The other important officers were accountant general, one incharge of agriculture, superintendent of mines, superintendent of ports, controller of commerce, as well as the superintendent of weighs and measures. (iv) The king was the supreme authority and his throne was heriditary. He was also the supreme judge. [1 4 = 4] 8. (a) (i) The outstanding picture is of The Taj Mahal. (ii) It is located in Agra (Uttar Pradesh). (iii) It was built by Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan in the memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. [1 3 = 3] (b) Mansabdari System : (i) The Mansabdari system introduced by Akbar was a unique feature of the administrative system of the Mughal empire. Under this system, every officer was assigned a rank (Mansab). Thus, the term Mansabdar refers to an individual who holds a Mansab, meaning a position or rank. (ii) The Mansabdars formed the ruling group in the Mughal empire. Almost the whole nobility, the bureaucracy as well as the military hirearchy, had Mansabs. The lowest rank in the system was 10, and the highest was 5000 for the nobles. (iii) The Mansabdars received their salary as revenue assignment called jagirs. However, most of the Mansabdars did not actually reside in or administer their Jagirs. They only had rights to the revenue of their assignments which was collected for them by their servants while the Mansabdars themselves served in some other part of the country. [1 3 = 3] (c) Significance of Bhakti movement on Indian culture : (i) Bhakti saints preached universal brotherhood and emphasised equality of all men. (ii) Thus, preached in the language of the people. Languages such as Hindi, Bhojpuri, Maithili and Oriya became popular. Among important literary works of this period were Ramcharitmanas by Tulsidas, Gurmukhi literature of the Sikh Gurus and the Vaishnava literature in Bengal. Oswaal ICSE Solved Paper - 2020, HISTORY & CIVICS, Class-IX 9. (a) (b) (c) 10. (a) (b) (c) | 7 (iii) The teachings of Kabir, Guru Nanak, Ravidas helped reform Indian society. They tried to evolve a new social order by following the principle of equality and by the denouncing caste distinctions. By exposing the futility of empty rituals, they did away with the domination of priests. Thus, the Bhakti movement brought in social changes. [4] Capture of Constantinople : Constantinople was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and was a centre of Greek and Roman cultures. It had valuable manuscripts of Greek and Roman writers. But constantinople fell into the hands of the Turks in 1453. Many Greek and Roman scholars were thus, forced to shift to Rome and other parts of Europe with their manuscripts. Rome, then became the centre of Greek culture. These scholars were geniuses, men of liberal outlook, humanism and logical thinking. Wherever they went, they spread their new spirit and ideas. In this way, they revived the interest of the people in the study of Greek philosophy, science, art and literature. The revival of the learning of Greek classics paved the way for Renaissance. [3] Invention of the Printing Press : The first printing press was set up in Germany by Gutenberg in the middle of the 15th century. Later on, Caxton introduced it in England. The invention of the printing press in the middle of the 15th century in Europe made it possible to produce books in large numbers. The Bible and many other religious and classical books were printed and made available all over Europe. The Printing Press spread knowledge far and wide. Scholars found it easier to read printed books than hand-written manuscripts. In the middle ages, books were few and they were beyond the reach of the ordinary people. The Printing Press enabled Europe to multiply books and put them within the reach of people. Printing and distribution of books influenced peoples attitude to life and brought about a new awakening in Europe. [3] Nicolaus Copernicus was a mathematician and an astronomer. He proposed new astonomical principles which shocked the church, but opened the gates for scientists to make further discoveries. In the ancient times, Greek thinkers held that the Earth was flat and that all the heavenly bodies moved around it. In the middle-ages, such theories could never be examined or quesioned as the church had accepted them to be absolutely true and it did not tolerate any questioning of its beliefs. Copernicus, however, affirmed the principle that the Earth is round and it moves around the Sun, which is also is the centre of the planetary system. He gave proofs in support of his theory which came to be called as the Copernican Theory. This theory brought about a revolution in the field of astronomy and had important influence on later scientific thinkers such as Galileo Galilei, Sir Issac Newton and German scientist John Kepler proved that the earth and other planets moved round the Sun not in a circular but in elliptical orbits. Galileo invented the telescope and Sir Issac Newton discovered the Law of Gravitation. [4] In the middle-ages, the Church had vast properties, which gave ample income to the Church. Besides, onetenth of the income of a person was given to the Church. This was called the tithe . In addition to this, the Clergy collected another sum called the Peters Pence from the people. Pope Leo X wanted to build St. Peter s Church. So he issued Pardon certificates called Indulgences to those who gave money to build the Church. Indulgences were letters which remitted punishments of the sinners who bought them, both in this life and after their death. Normally, the priests imposed a penance or punishment on a person who had sinned and he was required to perform a special service or make a pilgrimage to a holy place. But now, they could be freed from doing penance for their sins by buying a Letter of Indulgence . [3] (i) Martin Luther openly criticised papacy. He accused the Church for the sale of indulgences. (ii) In 1517, Luther wrote Ninety-five theses or statements dealing with the difference between the beliefs and practices of the Church and nailed them on a Church door at Wittenburg. (iii) Earlier in 1512, he undertook a pilgrimage to Rome and found that some of the Clergymen were living a luxurious life. This made him a strong opponent of the Church. (iv) Luther devoted his time translating the Bible into German and set up an independent Church. [Any three][3] The reformation movement was against the Roman Catholic Church and brought about the birth of the protestant Church. In order to restore the credibility of the Catholic Church, a large number of dedicated Christians including some Popes introduced certain reforms within the Church. This movement is known as the Counter Reformation. A Church Council was convened at Trent in Northern Italy in 1545 by Pope Paul III. [4]

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