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NSW HSC 2002 : GEOGRAPHY

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2002 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N Geography Total marks 100 General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes Working time 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Board-approved calculators may be used A Stimulus Booklet is provided with this paper Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of pages 9, 11, 13 and 15 Section I Pages 2 6 15 marks Attempt Questions 1 15 Allow about 25 minutes for this section Section II Pages 9 15 25 marks Attempt Questions 16 19 Allow about 45 minutes for this section Section III Page 17 60 marks Attempt Questions 20 22 Allow about 1 hour and 50 minutes for this section 161 Section I 15 marks Attempt Questions 1 15 Allow about 25 minutes for this section Refer to the Stimulus Booklet Use the multiple-choice answer sheet. Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely. Sample: 2+4= (A) 2 A (B) 6 (C) 8 B C (D) 9 D If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new answer. A B C D If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows. correct A B C 2 D Refer to Source A to answer Questions 1 and 2. 1 In 2000, what percentage of Sao Paulo s population were females between the ages of 30 and 39? (A) 3% (B) 4% (C) 7% (D) 8% 2 In 2000, approximately how many people living in Sao Paulo were in the 5 9 age group? (A) 979 000 (B) 1 780 000 (C) 1 958 000 (D) 2 136 000 Refer to Source B to answer Questions 3 and 4. 3 Which of the following geographical concepts are illustrated by the population changes recorded in the table? (A) Social structure and ethnicity (B) Urbanisation and urban growth (C) Commercial and industrial development (D) Future trends and ecological sustainability 4 What is the percentage increase in total population in Brazil between 1990 and 2000? (A) 5% (B) 6% (C) 9% (D) 10% 3 5 Refer to Source C. What type of housing is shown in Photograph 1? (A) Squatter settlement (B) Government housing (C) High rise housing (D) Low density settlement Refer to Source D to answer Questions 6 and 7. 6 What is the general direction of flow for the river located in AR 3291? (A) North-east (B) South-west (C) South-east (D) North-west 7 What is the distance by road between Wapet Camp (AR 3896) and Town Point (AR 4000)? (A) 4.5 km (B) 5.5 km (C) 7.5 km (D) 8.5 km 8 Refer to Sources D and F. Which direction was the photographer facing when Photograph 1 in Source F was taken? (A) North (B) South (C) North-west (D) North-east 4 9 Refer to Sources F and G. Which of the following concepts are relevant to both Sources F and G? (A) The biophysical interactions of ecosystems at risk and their functioning. (B) Human modification of ecosystems at risk and the vulnerability of ecosystems. (C) The biophysical interactions of ecosystems at risk and their human modifications. (D) Human modification of ecosystems at risk and the use of ecosystem management. 10 Refer to Source H. Which of the following best describes the precipitation pattern on Barrow Island? (A) Evenly distributed (B) Unevenly distributed (C) Summer maximum (D) Winter maximum 11 Refer to Sources D, F and H. Which of the following best explains the ecosystem evident in Photograph 4, Source F? (A) Low precipitation and low elevation (B) High precipitation and high elevation (C) Low precipitation and high elevation (D) High precipitation and low elevation 12 Refer to Source I. How much oil was produced by the African region in 2000? (A) 41 billion barrels (B) 76 billion barrels (C) 98 billion barrels (D) 273 billion barrels 5 13 Which of the following are urban dynamics of change? (A) Consolidation, culture of place and exurbanisation (B) Suburbanisation, consolidation and spatial exclusion (C) Exurbanisation, urban decay and industrial development (D) Ecological sustainability, urban decay and suburbanisation Refer to Source J to answer Questions 14 and 15. 14 Which world city has the greatest number of TNC headquarters? (A) Tokyo (B) London (C) Sydney (D) New York 15 Which feature does Source J best illustrate about the global economic activities shown? (A) Their spatial pattern (B) Their future trends (C) Their even global distribution (D) Their responses to changes in technology 6 BLANK PAGE 7 BLANK PAGE 8 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2002 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Geography Centre Number Section II Student Number 25 marks Attempt Questions 16 19 Allow about 45 minutes for this section Use the Stimulus Booklet and your knowledge of geography to answer Questions 16 19 in the spaces provided. Marks Question 16 (6 marks) Refer to Source C. Using evidence from the photographs, identify ONE challenge of living in mega cities in the developing world and describe TWO responses to this challenge. ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... 162a 9 6 BLANK PAGE 10 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2002 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Geography Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Marks Question 17 (7 marks) (a) Using Sources A and B, calculate the percentage of Brazil s population living in Sao Paulo in the year 2000. 1 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Using Source A, identify TWO features of the population pyramid that make it typical of a mega city in the developing world. 2 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (c) Describe ONE health issue and ONE social issue that a mega city in the developing world could face in the next decade. Health issue .......................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Social issue ........................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 162b 11 4 BLANK PAGE 12 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2002 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Geography Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Marks Question 18 (5 marks) Refer to Sources D, E and F. An environmental impact report must be written before drilling for oil in AR 3593. (a) From the sources, identify ONE ecosystem that could be placed at risk as a result of drilling for oil. 1 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Outline TWO likely impacts that the drilling could have on the ecosystem identified in part (a). ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 162c 13 4 BLANK PAGE 14 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2002 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Geography Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Marks Question 19 (7 marks) (a) Using Source I, describe the spatial pattern of the global production of oil in 2000. 3 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Describe TWO factors influencing the future direction of a global economic activity you have studied. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 162d 15 4 BLANK PAGE 16 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2002 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Geography Section III 60 marks Attempt Questions 20 22 Allow about 1 hour and 50 minutes for this section Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available. In your answers you will be assessed on how well you: present a sustained, logical and well-structured answer to the question communicate geographical information, ideas and issues refer to appropriate case studies, illustrative examples and the Stimulus Booklet where appropriate Question 20 (20 marks) With reference to at least ONE ecosystem you have studied, explain the biophysical interactions which lead to diverse ecosystems and their functioning. Question 21 (20 marks) Examine the role of world cities and the operation of these cities within global networks. Question 22 (20 marks) Account for the location of an economic enterprise you have studied at a local scale, and describe the ecological dimensions related to this enterprise. End of paper 163 17 BLANK PAGE 18 Board of Studies NSW 2002 2 0 0 2 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N Geography Stimulus Booklet Source A Population Sao Paulo, 2000 Source B The Changing Population Age group 0 0 2 Percentage Total population 17.8 million Total population ( 000) 2 % urban population 4 Urban population ( 000) 6 Year % rural population Male Brazil 1950 2000 Rural population ( 000) 75+ 70 74 65 69 60 64 55 59 50 54 45 49 40 44 35 39 30 34 25 29 20 24 15 19 10 14 5 9 0 4 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 33 162 38 767 41 054 38 566 35 669 29 773 64 55 44 32 24 18 18 782 31 303 52 085 70 436 114 699 135 632 36 45 56 68 76 82 51 944 70 070 93 139 119 002 150 368 165 405 Female 4 6 Source C Glimpses of Cities in the Developing World 1 2 3 4 Page 1 Source D Topographic Map Extract of Barrow Island N Barrow Island Western Australia Key for Source D Source E Unsealed road two or more lanes; Culvert; Causeway . . . . . . Mines; Building; Ruin; Church; Windpump; Yard . . . . . . . . . . Fence; Horizontal control point; Spot elevation . . . . . . . . . . . 245 200 Contour with value and cliff; Pinnacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depression contours; Sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Until West Australian Petroleum Pty Ltd (Wapet) arrived on Barrow Island to explore for oil in 1964, the island had never been permanently occupied by humans. Vegetation: Dense, medium, scattered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Its abundant wildlife, particularly marsupials, escaped the effects of introduced species. Watercourse; Area subject to inundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swamp; Swamp definite boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tank or small dam; Waterhole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The environment retained its natural integrity, an outcome probably unique in Australia. Saline coastal flat; Intertidal flat; Rock bare or awash . . . . . . Navigation light; Intertidal ledge or reef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exposed wreck; Submerged wreck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Submerged reef; Submerged rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite watercourse; Mangrove swamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scale 1:100 000 0 1 2 kilometres For these reasons, Barrow Island has been called a living museum and is rated one of the most important wildlife refuges in Australia. Contour interval 20 metres Page 2 Source F Images of Barrow Island 1 2 3 4 Source G Source H Climatic graph of Barrow Island Management strategies used on Barrow Island: January 65 m Fe m br ua 60 ry 55 er mb e ec D 50 45 No ve mb er Quarantine to prevent introduction of exotic species h rc Ma Rehabilitation of disturbed area 40 35 30 25 20 15 Workforce education April Reviewing of conservation strategies October 10 5 Declaration as A-Class nature reserve Se pte Ma y 0 5 mb er 10 15 20 25 Au gu st 30 35 C ne Ju July Average monthly temperature ( C) Maximum Minimum Page 3 Average monthly precipitation (mm) Precipitation Source I World Oil Production by Region, 2000 North America Middle East Central South America Africa Western Europe Far East & Oceania Eastern Europe & USSR Total World Production 1012.8 billion barrels Source J Examples of Links Between World Cities and Some Global Economic Activities Locations of the headquarters of the top 300 Transnational Corporations (TNC) London 63 Paris 51 New York 58 San Francisco 14 Tokyo 80 Singapore 25 Sydney 9 International communications network of Citicorp bank Brussels London New York Bahrain Tokyo Hong Kong Singapore Page 4 Board of Studies NSW 2002

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Additional Info : New South Wales Higher School Certificate Geography 2002
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