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NSW HSC 2003 : AGRICULTURE PAPER 1 & 2

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Centre Number Student Number 2003 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N Agriculture Paper 1 Total marks 70 General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes Working time 2 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Board-approved calculators may be used Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page and page 5 Section I Pages 2 4 25 marks Attempt Questions 1 3 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Section II Pages 5 8 30 marks Attempt Questions 4 5 Allow about 50 minutes for this section Section III Pages 9 10 15 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 6 9 Allow about 30 minutes for this section 301 Section I 25 marks Attempt Questions 1 3 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Marks Question 1 (10 marks) (a) Name ONE farm product you have studied. Name of product ............................................................................................. For the farm product you have named: (i) Identify ONE measure of quality for the product. 1 ................................................................................................................... (ii) Outline TWO ways a farmer can market this product. 2 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iii) Explain how an advance in technology has improved the quality or quantity of the product. 3 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (b) Discuss ONE strategy a farmer could use to manage the problem of irregular income. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 2 4 Marks Question 2 (6 marks) Glyphosate is a herbicide. The table shows the number of glyphosate-resistant annual ryegrass populations in different farming situations. Situation Frequency of glyphosate (herbicide) use Glyphosate-resistant ryegrass populations Orchard very high 7 high 4 moderate 2 low 1 Minimum tillage grain cropping Conventional grain cropping Roadside (a) Identify ONE conclusion that can be drawn from the information in the table. 1 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Explain how the use of herbicides, such as glyphosate, may lead to resistant ryegrass populations. 2 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (c) Evaluate an alternative approach to the use of a single chemical which could slow the development of resistance. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 3 3 Marks Question 3 (9 marks) An experiment was conducted on a potato crop to look at the effect of water on potato moth infection and total potato yield. The experiment investigated the effect of using the same total water, but delivered at three different irrigation intervals (days between irrigations). The results are shown in the table. Irrigation intervals (days) Yield of potatoes (t/ha) 4 5.4 12.9 8 8.4 12.9 12 (a) Potato moth infection (%) 15.1 10.1 Identify TWO conclusions that can be drawn from the experimental data in the table. 2 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Propose an irrigation interval to the potato farmer, and justify your proposal. 3 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (c) Explain TWO procedures you would expect the researcher to carry out in designing this experiment, to ensure that the results are valid. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 4 Board of Studies NSW 2003 4 2003 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Agriculture Centre Number Section II Student Number 30 marks Attempt Questions 4 5 Allow about 50 minutes for this section Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Marks Question 4 (15 marks) (a) Outline the role of ONE hormone involved in animal behaviour. 2 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Describe, using an example, the effect of ONE environmental factor on the fertility of a farm animal. 3 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (c) Explain how ONE management practice involved in farm animal reproduction increases production and financial returns to the farmer. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 4 continues on page 6 302 5 4 Marks Question 4 (continued) (d) Explain the role of hormone interactions in the regulation of the oestrus cycle in farm animals. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... End of Question 4 6 6 Marks Question 5 (15 marks) Use the information below to answer parts (a) to (d). The diagram shows how vegetables and lucerne (a legume) can be grown in alternate rows. This is known as alley cropping. Vegetables Lucerne Lucerne 50 cm Vegetables are regularly irrigated. 80 cm 4m Lucerne has very deep roots but few roots growing sideways. Various vegetable types are rotated over time in this vegetable system. NOT TO SCALE CSIRO, Rural Research 173, Summer 1996/97, Melbourne, page 21. (a) Describe ONE way in which the vegetable and lucerne plants in this system may interfere with each other s growth. 2 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (b) Explain ONE reason for rotating the types of vegetables grown over a period of years. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 5 continues on page 8 7 3 Marks Question 5 (continued) (c) Explain TWO benefits of growing vegetables by the use of a system like alley cropping. 4 ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... (d) Discuss the economic and environmental sustainability of a system like alley cropping. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... End of Question 5 8 Board of Studies NSW 2003 6 2003 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Agriculture Section III 15 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 6 9 Allow about 30 minutes for this section Answer the question in a writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available. Marks Question 6 (15 marks) (a) Describe the conditions that must exist for disease to occur in a plant or animal. Use examples to illustrate your answer. 5 (b) Describe an integrated pest management (IPM) program that you have studied and evaluate it in terms of: 10 its success; its effect on pesticide use; possible future developments. OR Question 7 (15 marks) (a) Describe TWO farming practices and the environmental damage they have caused. Use examples to illustrate your answer. 5 (b) Describe the ongoing tension between the use of water in agriculture and the need to protect and conserve waterways in Australia. 10 Evaluate the ways in which this tension is being addressed by: farmers; the broader community; government. OR Please turn over 303 9 Marks Question 8 (15 marks) (a) Describe the stages of growth and development of a selected farm animal in terms of bone, muscle and fat from birth to maturity. 5 (b) Describe a nutritional strategy that is used to meet a product specification for a particular farm animal. Evaluate this nutritional strategy in terms of: 10 success of goal achievement; costs involved; market price. OR Question 9 (15 marks) (a) Describe a breeding system used to overcome a specific problem in a plant production system. 5 (b) Describe THREE characteristics that have been bred into agricultural plants. Evaluate the impact of these characteristics in terms of: 10 plant production; environmental adaptability; product marketability. End of paper 10 Board of Studies NSW 2003 2003 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N Agriculture Paper 2 General Instructions Paper 2 should be attempted only by students who have studied Electives Reading time 5 minutes Working time 1 hour Write using black or blue pen Board-approved calculators may be used 304 Total marks 30 Attempt TWO questions from Questions 1 6 Allow about 30 minutes for each question Total marks 30 Attempt TWO questions from Questions 1 6 Allow about 30 minutes for each question Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available. Marks Question 1 Agribusiness (15 marks) (a) Describe how a financial technique may be used when considering changing or expanding a present enterprise. 3 (b) Explain how a farmer would endeavour to obtain finance for an enterprise change. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate the impact of a large rural business organisation on the agricultural industries in which it is involved. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. Question 2 Animal Management (15 marks) (a) Describe how ONE breeding technique is used to manage the reproductive outcome of farm animals. 3 (b) Explain how objective measurement is used in breeding programs in an animal industry that you have studied. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate a current technique/technology which is advancing productivity in an animal production system. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. 2 Marks Question 3 Horticulture (15 marks) (a) Describe how the characteristics of an individual plant can affect its use in horticulture. 3 (b) Explain how ONE physiological process in plants can be manipulated to increase productivity in a horticultural system. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate a technological innovation aimed at improving productivity in a particular horticultural industry. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. Question 4 Innovation and Diversification (15 marks) (a) Describe ONE feature of the biology of a plant or animal and how it is related to the management of an alternative enterprise or production method. 3 (b) Explain how knowledge of the potential market and marketing techniques is important in alternative enterprises or production methods. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate the development and/or implementation of an alternative agricultural production system or technology. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. Please turn over 3 Marks Question 5 Plant Management (15 marks) (a) Describe how plant density affects vegetative yield and reproductive yield. 3 (b) Explain how TWO environmental factors may limit the physiological process of photosynthesis. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate advancing productivity in plant production systems. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. Question 6 Sustainable Land and Resource Management (15 marks) (a) Describe the farming practices that have led to ONE form of soil degradation in Australia. 3 (b) Explain the detailed soil processes that have led to ONE form of soil degradation and how this degradation affects plant growth. 4 (c) Describe and evaluate a research study carried out to investigate an innovative technology or practice that assists conservation of, or effective use of, water in agriculture. In your answer, focus on: 8 research design; data analysis and presentation; conclusion and recommendation. End of paper 4 Board of Studies NSW 2003

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Additional Info : New South Wales Higher School Certificate Agriculture Paper 1 and Paper 2 - 2003
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