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NSW HSC 2010 : SOFTWARE DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT

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2010 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N Software Design and Development Total marks 100 S ection I General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes Working time 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of pages 9, 13, 15, 19, 23, 27, and either pages 31 and 33, or pages 37 and 39 Pages 2 8 20 marks Attempt Questions 1 20 Allow about 35 minutes for this section S ection II Pages 9 30 60 marks Attempt Questions 21 23 Allow about 1 hour and 50 minutes for this section S ection III Pages 31 42 20 marks Attempt either Question 24 or Question 25 Allow about 35 minutes for this section 4000 Section I 20 marks Attempt Questions 1 20 Allow about 35 minutes for this section Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1 20. 1 Which tool is used by project managers to track the actual progress of a project against its planned progress? (A) Gantt chart (B) Gateway report (C) Feasibility study (D) Structure diagram 2 A large bank is introducing a new computer-based system. Parts of the old system will be replaced one by one until the new system is in place. Which implementation method is being used by the bank? (A) Phased (B) Parallel (C) Prototyping (D) Direct cut over 3 Consider the following algorithm. a = 2 b = 4 a = a + b b = a + b PRINT a , b What is the output from this algorithm? (A) 6 , 10 (B) 6 , 6 (C) 2 , 6 (D) 2 , 4 2 4 Part of the syntax of a programming language is represented in the documentation shown. update-stmt: qualified-table-name UPDATE OR ROLLBACK ABORT REPLACE FAIL IGNORE What type of representation is this? (A) BNF diagram (B) Database schema (C) IPO chart (D) Railroad diagram 5 Which of the following statements about open-source code is correct? (A) It is hardware dependent. (B) It is code that cannot legally be recompiled. (C) It can be incorporated into commercial software with licensing. (D) It can be run directly without the need for translation into object code. 6 In developing a software solution, test data should be created for the first time when (A) coding a solution. (B) designing a solution. (C) implementing a solution. (D) determining the feasibility of a solution. 3 Use the diagram to answer Questions 7 and 8. The diagram shows an e-business being developed and monitored by a software developer. Customer Software Developer Customer entries Performance report Feedback Online Processing Performance Monitoring Performance data Transaction Details Transaction Data 7 Which modelling tool is being used to represent this system? (A) Context diagram (B) Data flow diagram (C) Logic flowchart (D) System flowchart 8 What will happen during the Performance Monitoring process? (A) Logic testing (B) Peer checking (C) Syntax checking (D) System testing 9 The formula shown is used to calculate the tax paid by employees in a small business. tax_paid = F28 * G17 / H3 What type of documentation has been used in naming the variable tax_paid? (A) External (B) Extrinsic (C) Internal (D) Intrinsic 4 10 The leaflet shown is sent by a web design company to potential customers. BE THE LEADER IN E-COMMERCE THROUGH INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS Phish-IT websites We work with you to create your website design. We produce a partially working website with sample content so that you can see it, navigate it, and review it. We continue to work with you to improve your website until YOU are happy. Which software development approach is being described in this leaflet? (A) End user (B) Pilot (C) Prototyping (D) Structured 11 A computer engineer can increase the number of unique RAM locations that can be accessed by the CPU by increasing the (A) clock speed. (B) number of registers. (C) size of the data bus. (D) size of the address bus. 12 What occurs when a program encounters a breakpoint? (A) Program execution is terminated. (B) Program execution is paused, awaiting an action from the programmer. (C) The program prints an error message and immediately continues execution. (D) The program prints the value of a variable and immediately continues execution. 13 Kim wants to write a program to list her friends details in birthday order. She stores her friends details in a sequential file. Each line of the file contains the name, phone number and birthday for a friend. Which is the most appropriate data structure for handling her friends data in the program? (A) A record (B) An array of records (C) A multi-dimensional array (D) A multi-dimensional record of arrays 5 Use the algorithm to answer Questions 14 and 15. BEGIN EndUnsorted = ArraySize WHILE EndUnsorted > 1 CurrentIndex = 1 WHILE CurrentIndex < EndUnsorted IF Array(CurrentIndex) > Array(CurrentIndex + 1) THEN SWAP(CurrentIndex, CurrentIndex + 1) ENDIF CurrentIndex = CurrentIndex + 1 ENDWHILE EndUnsorted = EndUnsor ted 1 ENDWHILE END NOTE: The SWAP subprogram swaps two elements of an array. 14 What is the most appropriate data type for the variable EndUnsorted ? (A) Array (B) Boolean (C) Floating point (D) Integer 15 The algorithm is applied to the following array of data. The smallest index is 1. F I S H What will this array look like after the algorithm is applied? (A) F H I S (B) H S I F (C) I F S H (D) S I H F 6 16 The newly developed portal of a national company was successfully tested by its developer. During the first two weeks of implementation, staff complained about not knowing how to use some of the new features of the software. Which area of feasibility should have been considered more carefully during the development process? (A) Budgetary (B) Operational (C) Scheduling (D) Technical 17 What happens when a syntax error occurs during compilation? (A) Object code will be created without the section containing the erroneous code. (B) The compiler will pass over the error as syntax errors are ignored during compilation. (C) The error will be included in an error listing which will be produced at the end of compilation. (D) The syntax error will be automatically corrected by the compiler and updated source code will be generated. 18 A program based on the following algorithm generates an error whenever it is executed. BEGIN arrayLength = length of the array index = 1 REPEAT index = index + 1 PRINT array[index] UNTIL index > arrayLength END What is the most likely cause of this error? (A) Division by zero (B) Arithmetic overflow (C) Incorrect program syntax (D) Accessing an inappropriate memory location 7 19 The following processes take place during program translation. Process X: validating the relationships between elements Process Y: testing with a type checker Process Z: labelling reserved words and identifiers What is the correct sequence of these processes? (A) Z, Y, X (B) Y, Z, X (C) Z, X, Y (D) Y, X, Z 20 Consider the following algorithm. BEGIN MAINPROGRAM numA = 2 numB = 3 calc(numA, numB) PRINT numA, numB END MAINPROGRAM BEGIN SUBPROGRAM calc(numC, numD) temp = numC WHILE numD > 1 numC = numC temp numD = numD 1 ENDWHILE PRINT numC, numD END SUBPROGRAM What would be the output from this algorithm? (A) 2, 3, 3, 2 (B) 2, 3, 1, 8 (C) 8, 1, 2, 3 (D) 8, 1, 1, 8 8 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4001 15360 5499310056 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II 60 marks Attempt Questions 21 23 Allow about 1 hour and 50 minutes for this section Student Number Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the expected length of response. If you include diagrams in your answer, ensure that they are clearly labelled. Question 21 (20 marks) (a) Describe ways in which an end user can contribute to the overall development of a software solution. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 21 continues on page 10 9 3 Question 21 (continued) (b) A team of developers decides to apply a modular approach when developing a complex software solution. Justify the use of this approach. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 21 continues on page 11 10 3 8287310054 Question 21 (continued) (c) Library routines are often used in software solutions. (i) What are the benefits of using library routines? 2 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (ii) Describe the requirements of library routines that need to be considered during their development. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 21 continues on page 13 11 3 BLANK PAGE 12 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4002 15360 8329310040 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Question 21 (continued) (d) A keen gamer wants to make a computer game that she and her friends can play. She has no experience making computer games, although she has had some experience writing computer code. She has no intention of selling the game. She decides to use a combination of the Rapid Applications Development (RAD) approach and the prototyping approach to make her computer game. (i) Discuss the suitability of using this combination of software development approaches. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 21 continues on page 14 13 3 3146310042 Question 21 (d) (continued) (ii) Outline and justify forms of documentation that she could produce during the development of this computer game. 3 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iii) Contrast the use of sequential and event-driven approaches in the development of this game. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... End of Question 21 14 Board of Studies NSW 2010 3 4003 15360 8543310116 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Question 22 (20 marks) (a) What needs to be considered when designing a set of test data to desk check an algorithm? ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 22 continues on page 16 15 2 Question 22 (continued) (b) A subprogram called stringMatch takes two character strings, searchString and dataString, as input parameters. The subprogram assumes that searchString and dataString are arrays of characters of the same length. The subprogram compares the strings with each other and prints a message indicating whether they are the same or different. The subprogram allows for the use of a match character. The match character (the ? symbol) matches any single character when comparing strings. The table shows the test data that will be used to test the subprogram. searchString Expected output Fish Fish Same Fist Fish Different Fis? Fish Same ???t (i) dataString Fish Different Write an algorithm for the stringMatch subprogram. Question 22 continues on page 17 16 5 5123310117 Question 22 (continued) (ii) A student implements a solution to the stringMatch problem. When they test their solution with a searchString and dataString of different lengths the following output is produced: searchString dataString Actual output Fish Fishcake Same Fishcake Fish Run time error program terminates unexpectedly Explain why the program produces this output. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 22 continues on page 19 17 3 BLANK PAGE 18 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4004 15360 1158310201 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Question 22 (continued) (c) The following swap subprogram has been written to be used in an insertion sort algorithm to swap two elements of an array. BEGIN SUBPROGRAM swap (array, indexA, indexB) array[indexA] = array[indexB] array[indexB] = array[indexA] END SUBPROGRAM swap (i) Explain why the swap subprogram does not function correctly. In your answer, suggest a possible solution. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 22 continues on page 20 19 3 Question 22 (continued) (ii) Describe how an insertion sort algorithm works. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 22 continues on page 21 20 3 3548310206 Question 22 (continued) (d) Software requires revision and modification over time. For this reason, programmers develop software in a way that allows for subsequent maintenance. Discuss techniques that can be used in development that make software easier to maintain. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... End of Question 22 21 4 BLANK PAGE 22 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4005 15360 9309310218 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Question 23 (20 marks) (a) Describe project management tools that could be used to help team members communicate and work together effectively. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 23 continues on page 24 23 3 Question 23 (continued) (b) Based on your studies or experience in project work, explain why software solutions are tested at the following levels: module program system. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... Question 23 continues on page 25 24 4 9892310215 Question 23 (continued) (c) Consider the following fragment of code. LOAD LOAD ADD STORE R1, A R2, B R3, R1, R2 C, R3 Note: A, B and C are locations in RAM R1, R2 and R3 are registers inside the CPU LOAD R, W takes the contents of W and copies it to register R ADD Z, X, Y adds the contents of X and Y and places the result in Z STORE W, R takes the contents of register R and copies it to W (i) Making reference to the fetch-execute cycle, describe the operation of the CPU in processing the first line of the code. 2 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (ii) Which line of the code would execute the fastest and why? ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 23 continues on page 27 25 2 BLANK PAGE 26 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4006 15360 1943310225 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section II (continued) Student Number Question 23 (continued) Please turn over 27 Question 23 (continued) (d) Jane subscribes to a phone shopping service which sends her personalised shopping messages based on her location. The system keeps Jane s shopping preferences in its preferences database. The system matches these preferences and Jane s location with its retailers database of shops, products and sale items. It then sends Jane a personalised SMS message with shops, products and sale items that match these criteria. Jane is trialling a mobile phone application which allows her to view and edit her shopping preferences. The diagram below shows two of the screens used for this purpose. Screen 1 is the main menu for preference selection. Screen 2 allows the user to view and edit preference details for the SHOES category. Product Product Size Colo Colour Colour Books 5 51 2 6 61 2 7 Violet Violet Food Shoes Price range c range Price ra $300.00 $450.00 300 $300.00 $450.00 Brand Brand MULLIT Screen 1 Screen 2 Question 23 continues on page 29 28 4098310229 Question 23 (continued) (i) Currently, price range data is stored as a single string. 2 Propose a better way to store price range data. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (ii) What changes would you make to the interface design to make the application more user-friendly? Justify your answer. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 23 continues on page 30 29 3 Question 23 (continued) (iii) In order to compile the personalised SMS messages that will be sent to Jane, the following processes occur: The system determines Jane s location and retrieves her shopping preferences. For each shop in the retailers database that is close to Jane s location, the system adds products and sale items matching her preferences to a list. The final list is sent to Jane s mobile phone. Draw a structure diagram to model this system. End of Question 23 30 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4 4007 15360 8432310089 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section III 20 marks Attempt either Question 24 or Question 25 Allow about 35 minutes for this section Student Number Answer the question in the spaces provided. These spaces provide guidance for the expected length of response. If you include diagrams in your answer, ensure that they are clearly labelled. Question 24 Evolution of Programming Languages (20 marks) (a) The following fragment of code, written using the logic paradigm, represents the organisation of part of our solar system. Awaiting copyright (i) Identify the basic building blocks illustrated in this code. Give examples from this fragment of code. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 24 continues on page 32 31 2 5391310080 Question 24 (continued) (ii) What would be returned for X if the following query were executed? 2 ? orbits (X, sun) . ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iii) Describe how backward chaining is used by the inference engine to evaluate the query: 3 ? satellite (phobos) . ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iv) Describe an advantage of using the logic paradigm instead of an imperative approach in representing the organisation of our solar system. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 24 continues on page 33 32 Board of Studies NSW 2010 2 4008 15360 3200310234 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section III (continued) Student Number Question 24 (continued) (b) You have been employed to write software, using the object oriented programming paradigm, to classify different types of writing implements. All writing implements can be described by their colour, brand, price and medium (medium can be ink, lead or paint). All writing implements have two common behaviours which describe their operation: Write describes the process of leaving a mark on a surface Erase describes the process of removing a mark from a surface. (i) Describe the structure of the class WritingImplement. In your answer, identify all methods and attributes. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 24 continues on page 34 33 3 Question 24 (continued) A pen is a specific type of writing implement that can be additionally described in terms of its: Style: for example: fountain, felt tip, ballpoint Thickness: for example: superfine, fine, medium. (ii) Describe the structure of the subclass Pen. 2 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iii) Pencil is another subclass of WritingImplement and has its own unique Erase behaviour. Describe the features of the object oriented programming paradigm which allow this subclass to be defined and used. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 24 continues on page 35 34 3 4733310236 Question 24 (continued) (iv) A technological improvement has been made to the Write behaviour of Pen. Encapsulation makes it possible to easily incorporate this improvement in a software solution. Explain how encapsulation allows software systems to be more easily adapted as technologies change. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... End of Question 24 35 3 BLANK PAGE 36 Board of Studies NSW 2010 4009 15360 7046310090 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section III (continued) Student Number Do NOT attempt Question 25 if you have already attempted Question 24. Question 25 The Software Developer s View of the Hardware (20 marks) (a) A binary point can be used to extend the binary representation of integers to the binary representation of mixed numerals (whole numbers and fractions). Binary digits to the left of the binary point represent whole numbers. Binary digits to the right of the binary point represent fractional values. (i) 3 Show how the mixed numeral 2 can be represented in binary notation 4 as: 2 10.11 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (ii) Perform the following binary addition: 10.11 + 10.1 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 25 continues on page 38 37 2 1445310097 Question 25 (continued) (iii) Describe how half adders and full adders would be used in the addition of the binary numbers in part (ii). 3 ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... (iv) Not all fractions can be represented easily as binary numbers using a binary point. 1 For example 10 = 0.00010100001 Describe an advantage of the use of the floating point method instead of the binary point method to represent fractions. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 25 continues on page 39 38 Board of Studies NSW 2010 2 4010 15360 4752310248 2010 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFIC ATE EXAMINATION Software Design and Development Centre Number Section III (continued) Student Number Question 25 (continued) (b) An art gallery is displaying a valuable painting. To protect the painting, the gallery installs a security system with two switches and an infrared sensor that can detect movement within the painting s display area. The alarm will be triggered if: ONLY ONE switch is on, or BOTH switches are on AND the sensor detects movement. To central computer Sensor Painting Switch 1 Switch 2 Area Area covered by sensor (i) Complete the truth table to show the relationship between the input devices and the state of the security system. Input Switch 1 (1 = on) 0 Output Switch 2 Sensor (1 = on) (1 = movement) 0 Alarm state (1 = triggered) 0 Question 25 continues on page 40 39 0 2 Question 25 (continued) (ii) Design a circuit to solve the problem represented by the truth table. Question 25 continues on page 41 40 3 5751310248 Question 25 (continued) (iii) For security monitoring, the states of the two switches, the sensor and the alarm are assembled into a packet and sent at regular intervals to the art gallery s central computer. The following sequence of packets is received: Switch 1 Switch 2 Sensor Alarm Packet 1 0 0 0 0 Packet 2 0 0 1 0 Packet 3 0 1 1 1 What has happened in the security system to produce this sequence of packets? ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... Question 25 continues on page 42 41 3 Question 25 (continued) (iv) The states of the two switches, the sensor and the alarm need to be stored between each packet being sent. Explain how flip-flops may be used to store this data. ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... End of paper 42 Board of Studies NSW 2010 3

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