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ISC Class XI Notes : Chemistry (J.S.S. International School (JSS IS), Dubai) Chemical Bonding

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JSS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, DUBAI CHEMISTRY NOTES - GRADE 11 CHEMICAL BONDING WHY DO ATOMS BOND? Tendency to acquire noble gas configuration. An octet in the outermost shell/ noble gas configuration gives stability. Therefore elements that do not have noble gas configuration tend to acquire it by losing, gaining or sharing electrons. Tendency to acquire minimum energy There is a force of attraction between the nucleus and the electrons and repulsive forces between electrons. When there is a net increase attractive force, the energy decreases. Decrease in energy makes molecules more stable. TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS ELECTROVALENT BOND The attractive force that holds oppositely charged ions together is called an ionic bond or electrovalent bond. They are formed by the complete transfer of one or more electrons from a metal to a nonmetal. Electrovalency The number of electrons an atom loses or gains while forming an ionic bond is called electrovalency. Formation of NaCl: Sodium [Ne]3s1 has one electron in its outermost shell, which it loses to form Na+ ion with a noble gas configuration. Cl [Ne]3s23p5 has five electrons in its outermost shell. Gaining the electron from sodium, it acquires the configuration of its nearest noble gas, Argon. The positively charged Na+ and the negatively charged Cl- ions are held together by electrostatic forces. The electron dot structure can be represented as [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s23p5

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Additional Info : ISC Class XI Notes 2020 : Physics (Dhirubhai Ambani International School (DAIS), Mumbai)

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