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ICSE Board Exam 2014 : Hindi (with Model Answers)

39 pages, 83 questions, 10 questions with responses, 11 total responses,    0    0
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HINDI STATISTICS AT A GLANCE Total Number of students who took the examination 1,02,631 Highest Marks Obtained 99 Lowest Marks Obtained 10 79.51 Mean Marks Obtained Percentage of Candidates according to marks obtained Mark Range Details 0-20 46 0.04 46 0.04 Number of Candidates Percentage of Candidates Cumulative Number Cumulative Percentage 21-40 386 0.38 432 0.42 41-60 8791 8.57 9223 8.99 61-80 40182 39.15 49405 48.14 Range of Marks Obtained Percentage of Candidates 60.00 51.86 50.00 39.15 40.00 30.00 20.00 8.57 10.00 0.00 0.04 0-20 0.38 21-40 41-60 61-80 Marks Obtained 31 81-100 81-100 53226 51.86 102631 100.00 HINDI ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE FOR THE YEAR 2014 Question 1 Write a short composition in Hindi of approximately 250 words on any one of the following topics:[15] fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij yxHkx 250 kCnksa esa laf{kIr ys[k fyf[k,& (i Hkkjrh; rFkk ik pkR; laLd`fr dk o.kZu djrs gq, ik pkR; laLd`fr dh dqN viukus ;ksX; ckrksa ij dk k Mkfy,A ii vkt [ksyksa esa QSyk Hkz"Vkpkj ,d u;k gh :i ys jgk gS] fo"k; dks Li"V djrs gq,] vius f ; [ksy dk o.kZu dhft, rFkk thou esa [ksyksa dh vko ;drk ij R;ksgkj gesa meax ,oa mYykl ls Hkjdj viuh laLd`fr ls tksM+s j[krs gSaA vkt&dy yksxksa esa dk k Mkfy,A iii vius thou esa ?kVh ,l ?kVuk dk o.kZu dhft, ftls ;kn djds] vki vkt Hkh g ls fcuk ugha jgrs rFkk blls vkidks D;k ykHk feyrk gSA iv) ,d ekSfyd dgkuh fyf[k, ftldk vk/kkj gks& ^tkdks jk[ks lkb;k ekj lds u dks;*A (v) uhps fn, x, fp= dks ?;ku ls nsf[k, vkSj fp= dks vk/kkj cukdj o.kZu dhft, vFkok dgkuh fyf[k, ftldk lh/kk o Li"V lEcU/k fp= ls gksuk pkfg,A ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i cgqr de fo|kfFkZ;ksa us ;g fo"k; dks pqukA v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& muesa ls vf/kdka k Nk=ksa dks fo"k; le>us esa & fucU/k ds lHkh fo"k;ksa dks /;kuiwoZd i<+us dfBukbZ gqbZA ik pkR; laLd`fr dh kalk rFkk dk funsZ k nsaA Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dks fuEu Lrj dk fn[kk;k gSA dgha dgha fo|kfFZk;ksa us Hkkjrh; rFkk ik pkR; & ikB i<+kus ds e esa Hkkjrh; vkSj ik pkR; laLd`fr dk ifjp; fn;k tkuk laLd`fr dk rqyukRed v/;;u fy[k fn;k gSA pkfg,A bl dkj ds fo"k; nsdj d{kk ik pkR; laLd`fr ds udkjkRed :Ik dks fy[kkA esa vH;kl djkuk ykHk n jgsxkA ik pkR; laLd`fr dh viukus ;ksX; ckrsa ugha crk ik;sA ogk ds jgu lgu] [kku iku rFkk & fucU/k ds R;sd igyw leku :Ik ls egRoiw.kZ gSa Nk=ksa dks ;g crkrs gq, thou 'kSyh dk gh o.kZu fd;kA dgha dgha ls lkewfgd uksa okys fucU/k dk vH;kl larks"ktud m kj Hkh kIr gq,A Nk=ksa us d{kk esa djokuk pkfg,A Hkkjrh; ,oa ik pkR; laLd`fr dk udkjkRed :Ik ls Li"Vhdj.k Hkh fd;k gSA vf/kdka k & Nk=ksa dks Hkwfedk] fo"k; o.kZu rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ;g fo"k; vLi"V jgkA milagkj & fucU/k ds bu rhuksa Hkkxksa dk Hkk"kk lEcU/kh v qf);ksa dh Hkh vf/kdrk Fkh egRo crkdj fy[kus dk vH;kl djk;k rFkk o kuh lEcU/kh v kqf);k Hkh vR;f/kd tkuk pkfg,A ek=k esa ik;h x;hA 32 (ii bl fodYi dks vf/kdrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us pquk rFkk fo"k; ls Hkkfor Hkh fn[ksA f dsV vkt dk lokZf/kd pfyr [ksy gS vr% mldk o.kZu djus esa Nk=ksa dks dfBukbZ ugha gqbZA [ksyksa esa QSys Hkz"Vkpkj ij Nk=ksa us foLrkj ls fy[kkA ;k ;ksa ns[kk x;k fd Nk=ksa us [ksyksa esa HkzVkpkj dk gh iw.kZ o.kZu fd;kA vf/kdrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us [ksy dk uke fy[kdj NksM+ fn;kA [ksy dk o.kZu ugha fd;k tcfd o.kZu visf{kr FkkA thou esa [ksyksa dh vko ldrk dks cgqr de Nk= fy[k ik;sA ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k fd Hkz"Vkpkj ij bruk vf/kd fy[kk fd ckdh o.kZu dk le; gh ugha cpkA Hkk"kk lEcU/kh =qfV;ksa dh cgqyrk jghA (iii bl fodYi dks cgqr lkjs fo|kfFkZ;ksa us pqukA vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us thou esa ?kVh ?kVuk dk o.kZu fd;k ij gkL; dk vHkko fn[kkA dqN Nk=ksa us ?kVuk, fo"k;kuq:i ugha fy[khA ijUrq ckn esa fy[kk fd os ?kVuk ;kn djds g lrs jgsA dgha dgha Nk=ksa us gkL;izn ?kVuk ds LFkku ij nq?kZBuk dk o.kZu fd;k Fkk lkekU; ?kVuk rFkk Hk;ksRiknd ?kVuk fy[kdj Hkh mls gkL; dk dkj.k crk fn;kA vf/kdka k Nk= fo"k; dks le>us esa vleFkZ jgsA vFkkZr vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, g lh dh ?kVuk dks gkL;iw.kZ cukuk Vs<+h [khj ds leku FkkA gkL; ls ykHk dh ppkZ rks cgqr de Nk=ksa us dhA Lrqr fodYi Nk=ksa ds Lrj ls FkksM+k dfBu rhr gqvkA (iv Lrqr fodYi cgqr lkjs fo|kfFkZ;ksa us pqukA loZ Fke rks mfDr dk vFkZ 'kk;n fdlh us Li"V fd;kA ,d nks dks NksM+dj vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us lh/ks dgkuh fy[kkA ekSfyd 'kCn dk vFkZ Nk= ugha le> ik,A ekSfydrk dk vFkZ ikSjkf.kd ekudj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us /kzqo* rFkk HkDr gykn ;k ehjkckbZ dh dgkuh fy[khA dgkuh rks k;% Li"V Fkh] ?kVuk, Hkh ec) fy[kh x;h Fkh ijUrq ekSfydrk dk vHkko gj LFkku ij fn[kk;h fn;kA 33 & gkL;] Hk; rFkk dYiuk bR;kfn fo"k;ksa ij ekSfyd ?kVuk ys[ku dk vR;kf/kd vH;kl djk;k tk;sA & gkL;iw.kZ] nq[kn o jkspd ?kVukvksa tSls fo"k;ksa esa vUrj Li"V fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & eqgkojksa rFkk mfDr;ksa dk d{kk esa vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A lkewfgd f ;k ds }kjk Hkh bls Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA & [ksy bR;kfn fo"k;ksa ij Hkh d{kk esa ppkZ dh tkuh pkfg,A blls [ksy dk Kku Hkh c<+sxk vkSj :>ku Hkh mRi k gksxhA & dYiukRed fucU/k dk Hkh d{kk esa fujUrj vH;kl djk;saA Nk=ksa dks fo ks"k.k] rqyuk] miek ,oa eqgkojksa dk ;ksx fl[kk;saA & dgkuh ys[ku esa Fke mfDr dk vFkZ rnqijkUr ekSfydrk dk mfpr vFkZ le>krs gq, dYiuk 'kfDr dh cyrk gsrq vH;kl djk;k tk,A & fopkjkRed o rqyukRed v/;;u okys fo"k;ksa ij d{kk esa okn&fookn djokdj Hkh fucU/k ys[ku dk vH;kl djk;k tk ldrk gSA & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks le>k, fd fucU/k dk eqY;kadu fo"k; ds lHkh fcanqvksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj fd;k tkrk gS vr% fucU/k fy[krs le; os bldk fo ks"k /;ku j[ksaA & fp= ys[ku dk vH;kl Hkh d{kk esa djok;k tkuk pkfg,A fp= o.kZu dh vko ;drk Nk=ksa dks fo ks"k :Ik ls crk;h tk;sA & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ;g vo ; crk;k tkuk pkfg, fd fp= o.kZu ds fy, vyx ls vad fu/kkZfjr gksrs gSaA blh vk/kkj ij fy[kus dk vH;kl djkuk pkfg,A & Jqrys[k }kjk o kZuh dh v kqf);ksa dks nwj djus dk ;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & O;kdj.k lEcU/kh v kqf);ksa dks d{kk esa ckj&ckj vH;kl djkdj lq/kkj ykus dk ;kl djuk djuk pkfg,A (v bl fo"k; dks cgqr de fo|kfFkZ;ksa us pqukA fp= eq[; #i ls ty ds egRo dks n kkZ jgk gS ijUrq & Nk=ksa dh jpukRedrk c<+kus dk ;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A Nk=ksa us viuh&viuh le> ds vuqlkj dqN us efgykvksa ds mij fy[kk rks dqN us ikuh dh leL;k & ekSfyd ,oa jkspd dgkuh ys[ku rFkk Jo.k ds fy, lrr~ sfjr fd;k tkuk dk o.kZu fd;kA dqN Nk=ksa us pquko rFkk ikuh dks pkfg,A tksM+ fn;kA lalkj esa ty dk egRo Hkh crk;kA dqN fo|kfFk;ksa us bl fp= dks fLFkfro k fL=;ksa ds Je ls Hkh tksM+ fn;kA ty nq"k.k ij Hkh dqN Nk=ksa us fy[kk rFkk dbZ Nk=ksa us xjhch rFkk ikuh dks tksM+ fn;kA ijUrq fdlh Hkh fo|kFkhZ us fp= dk o.kZu ugha fd;k tcfd fp= o.kZu ds vad fu/kkZfjr gksrs gSaA vFkkZr fp= dk o.kZu ,oa fooj.k djus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA vad&;kstuk& u 1 ewY;kadu djrs le; fuEu fcUnqvksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr fd;k x;k & fo"k; dh Hkwfedk] fo"k;&o.kZu lEcfU/kr mnkgj.k lwfDr;k Hkk"kk& kSyh vfHkO;fDr&dkS ky o fo"k;&foLrkj ,oa milagkj ij /;ku fn;k x;kA fucU/k dk vkjEHk o vUr izHkkoiw.kZ gksus ij e/;Hkkx esa vuqPNsnksa dh lgk;rk ls fopkjksa ds e k izLrqfrdj.k fd, tkus ij fo"k; dk vFkZ Hkyh izdkj Li"V fd, tkus ij rFkk fo"k; dk egRo gkfu&ykHk dk ;Fkksfpr o.kZu fd, tkus ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vfr m ke vad fn, x, gSaA v kq) orZuh v kq) Hkk"kk fo"k; ls gVdj ;k viuh bPNkuqlkj fo"k; esa ifjorZu fd, tkus ij vFkok fo"k; dk vuko ;d foLrkj fd, tkus ij fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vad dkVs x, gSaA Question 2 Write a letter in Hindi in approximately 120 words on any one of the topics given below:fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fgUnh esa yxHkx 120 kCnksa esa i= fyf[k,%& i) vki fdlh LFkku fo ks"k dh ;k=k djuk pkgrs gSaA ml LFkku dh tkudkjh kIr djus ds fy,] ml Js= ds i;ZVu foHkkx ds vf/kdkjh dks i= fy[k dj iwNrkN dhft,A ii vkidk HkkbZ viuk vf/kdka k le; eksckby Qksu ds mi;ksx esa fcrkrk gSA eksckby Qksu ds vf/kd mi;ksx djus ls gksus okyh gkfu;ksa dk mYys[k djrs gq,] mls i= fyf[k,A 34 [7] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us i= ds Fke fo"k; dk p;u fd;kA i;ZVu* 'kCn dk vFkZ ugha le> ik;s blfy, dbZ Nk=ksa us vius gh 'kgj dh tkudkjh ds fy, i= fy[kkA LFkku fo ks"k dk o.kZu djus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA dbZ fo|kfFkZ;ksa us flQZ 'kgj dk uke fy[kdj NksM+ fn;kA i= ds k:i esa de xyfr;k ikbZ x;hA vf/kdka k Nk=ksa }kjk i= ds k:i esa vfHkoknu dh vogsyuk dhA o kZuh lEcU/kh v kqf);ksa dk ckgqY; ik;k x;kA Hkk"kk rFkk O;kdj.k lEcU/kh v kqf);ksa dh Hkh vf/kdrk jghA LFkku fo ks"k dh ;k=k esa iwjh tkudkjh ugha yh x;h ftlls i= dh viw.kZrk dk vkHkkl gqvkA i= esa vkSipkfjd 'kCnksa dk vkHkko ik;k x;kA dqN fo|kFkhZ Hkonh; ds LFkku ij vkidk Hkonh;* ;k vkidk vkKkdkjh* Hkh fy[kdj =qfV;k djrs jgsA (ii fo|kfFkZ;ksa us i= ds nwljs fodYi dks Hkh egRo fn;kA dgha dgha fo|kFkhZ i= ds fo"k; dks Hkyh Hkk fr ugha le> ik,A vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ks us lEcks/ku ds i'pkr~ vfHkoknu ugha fy[kkA i= esa lfou;] fuosnu vkfn 'kCnksa dk vHkko ik;k x;kA dqN Nk=ksa us eksckby Qksu ls gksus okyh gkfu esa ek= ijh{kk ;k i<+kbZ ij iM+usokys Hkko dk o.kZu fd;kA 'kkjhfjd :i ls Hkkfor gksus dh dksbZ ppkZ ugha Fkh tks visf{kr FkkA k:Ik lEcU/kh v kqf);k Hkh cgqr vf/kd FkhA fo"k; Li"V gksus ds ckotwn dqN Nk=ksa us cgu ;k fe= dk lEcks/ku nsdj i= fy[kkA vf/kdka k Nk= fo"k; dks ysdj Li"V rks jgs ijUrq vU; v kqf);k ik;h x;hA rFkkfi mudk ;kl ljkguh; jgkA 35 v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & i= ds k:Ik dk fo ks"k egRo gksrk gS vr% bldk /;ku fnykrs gq, i= ys[ku dk fu;fer vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A & i= esa vfHkoknu] lEcks/ku vkfn ij fo ks"k /;ku fnykus dk ;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & u esa i= ys[ku ds funsZ k dks /;kuiwoZd i<+us dks dgk tkuk pkfg,A & dfBu 'kCnksa dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ d{kk esa Li"V fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & 'kCn Kku esa o`f) ds fy, fu;fer :i ls uohu 'kCnksa dh lwph cuokdj okD; ;ksx }kjk muds vFkZ Li"V djk;saA & vkSipkfjd i= dk fu;fer vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A k:i esa u;s k:i dh tkudkjh Hkh vko ;d gSA & i= fy[kokus ls iwoZ ekSf[kd ppkZ dj Nk=ksa dh 'kadkvksa dk lek/kku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & fgUnh Hkk"kk esa :fp tkxzr dj orZuh vkSj Hkk"kk lq/kkj ij fo ks"k cy fn;k tkuk pkfg,A & fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds lkekU; Kku c<+kus okys fo"k;ksa dks d{kk esa nsdj i= ys[ku dk vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & 'kCn foU;kl ,oa okD; foU;kl dh 'kqf) ij /;ku dsfUnzr djus gsrq Nk=ksa dks sfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks dqN foHkkxksa ds uke fo ks"k :i ls fgUnh esa crk;k tkuk pkfg,A ;Fkk%& flapkbZ foHkkx] fo|qr foHkkx] ifjogu foHkkx bR;kfnA & vkSipkfjd i=ksa esa vkSipkfjd 'kCnksa ds ;ksx dh vko ;drk ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks voxr djk;saA & o kZuh lEcU/kh =qfV;ksa ds lq/kkj gsrq d{kk esa le; le; ij Jqrys[k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A vad&;kstuk& u 2 i=&ys[ku esa i= ds izk:i&i= izkIrd kkZ ds in] xfjek vkfn ds vuqlkj mfpr lEcks/ku rFkk vfHkoknu] fnukad vkSj ewy fo"k; ij fo ks"k egRo fn;k x;k gSA ljyrk] Li"Vrk] vkSj fo"k;kuq:i la{ksi esa dh xbZ fopkjkfHkO;fDr ,d vPNs i= dh igpku gSA Question 3 Read the passage given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow, using your own words as far as possible:fuEufyf[kr x|ak k dks ?;ku ls if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,A m kj ;FkklaHko vkids vius kCnksa esa gksus pkfg,a%& egku jlk;u kkL=h vkpk;Z ukxktZqu dks viuh ;ksx kkyk ds fy, nks lgk;dksa dh vko ;drk FkhA vusd ;qod muds ikl vk;s vkSj fuosnu fd;k fd os mUgsa vius lgk;d ds :i esa fu;qDr dj ysaA ysfdu ijh{kk ysus ij lHkh R;k kh vk;ksX; lkfcr gq,A var esa vkpk;Z fujk k gks x,A mudh fujk kk dk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd ;qodksa esa jlk;u kkL= ds Kkrk rks cgqr Fks vkSj vius fo"k; ls ifjfpr Hkh] ysfdu ,d jlk;u kkL=h ds fy, tks ,d ifo= /;s; gksrk gS] mldk lHkh esa vHkko FkkA R;kf k;ksa esa ls fdlh dks viuk Hkfo"; mTToy cukuk FkkA ij vkpk;Z ukxktqZu dks ,sls lgk;d dh vko ;drk ugha FkhA muds eu vkSj fopkj esa dqN vkSj gh FkkA fujk k gksdj mUgksaus lgk;d dh vko ;drk gksrs gq, Hkh Lo;a gh lkjk dk;Z djus dk fu p; dj fy;kA dqN fnu ckn gh nks ;qod vkpk;Z ds ikl vk;sA mUgksaus muls fuosnu fd;k fd os mUgsa viuk lgk;d fu;qDr dj ysaA vkpk;Z us igys rks mUgsa ykSVk nsuk pkgk] ysfdu ;qodksa ds vf/kd vkxzg ij mUgksaus mudh ijh{kk ysus dk fu p; fd;kA vkpk;Z us nksuksa ;qodksa dks ,d inkFkZ nsdj ysdj vius ?kj ykSV x,A nks fnu ckn ,d ;qod jlk;u rS;kj djds lqcg&lqcg gh muds ikl igq pk vkSj jlk;u dk ik= mUgsa nsrs gq, cksyk yhft, vkpk;Z th] jlk;u rS;kj gS A jlk;u ds ik= dh vksj fcuk ns[ks gh vkpk;Z us u fd;k] rks jlk;u rS;kj dj fy;k rqeus\ jlk;u dk ik= ,d vksj j[krs gq, ;qod us dgk] th gk A vkpk;Z us nqljk u fd;k] jlk;u rS;kj djrs le; fdlh Hkh dkj dh dksbZ ck/kk rks mifLFkr ugha gqbZ\ ;qod us ldqpkrs gq, m kj fn;k] ck/kk;sa rks cgqr vkbZ Fkh] ysfdu eSusa fdlh Hkh ck/kk dh fprka fd;s fcuk viuk dk;Z pkyw gh j[kk rFkk jlk;u rS;kj dj fy;kA ;fn eSa ck/kkvksa esa my> x;k gksrk] rks jlk;u rS;kj gks gh ugha ldrk FkkA ,d vksj rks firk ds isV esa Hk;adj 'kwy Fkk] nwljh vksj esjh ekrk Toj ls ihfM+r FkhA ij ls esjk NksVk HkkbZ Vkax rqM+okdj ihM+k ls djkg jgk FkkA ijUrq ;s ckrsa eq>s jlk;u cukus ls fopfyr ugha dj ldhaA rHkh nwljk ;qod [kkyh gkFk vkdj ogk [kM+k gks x;kA vkpk;Z th us mlls iwNk] jlk;u dgk gS\ ;qod us f>>drs gq, m kj fn;k] vkpk;Zth] eSa {kek pkgrk gw A eSa jlk;u rS;kj ugha dj ldk D;ksafd tkrs le; ekxZ esa ,d o`) O;fDr fey x;k FkkA og ,d lM+d nq?kZVuk esa ?kk;y gks x;k FkkA esjk lkjk le; mldh lsok esa gh O;rhr gks x;kA 36 vkpk;Z us igys ;qod ls dgk] rqe tk ldrs gksA eq>s rqEgkjh vko ;drk ughaA jlk;u kkL=h ;fn ihM+k ls djkgrs gq, O;fDr dh mis{kk djs] rks og vius 'kkL= esa viw.kZ gSA nwljs O;fDr dks mUgksaus viuk lgk;d fu;qDr dj fy;kA Hkfo"; esa ogh ;qod mudk nk;k gkFk cuk vkSj mUgsa vfr f ; yxus yxkA (i) vkpk;Z dks dSls lgk;dksa dh vko ;drk Fkh vkSj D;ksa \ [2] (ii) vkpk;Z dh fujk kk dk D;k dkj.k Fkk \ fujk k gksdj mUgksaus D;k fd;k \ [2] (iii) vkpk;Z us nksuksa ;qodksa dh ijh{kk ysus dk D;k mik; lkspk rFkk D;ksa \ [2] (iv) nwljk ;qod jlk;u D;ks rS;kj ugha dj ldk \ blls mlds pfj= dk dkSu&lk xq.k Li"V gksrk gS \ [2] (v) vkpk;Z us viuk lgk;d fdls vkSj D;ksa pquk \ [2] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) u dk Fke Hkkx Li"V Fkk vr% lHkh Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fy[ksA u ds f}rh; Hkkx vkpk;Z dks lgk;dksa dh vko ;drk D;ksa Fkh \* dk m kj Nk= Bhd ls ugha fy[k lds ;kfu lgk;d dh vko ;drk dk dkj.k Li"V ugha dj ik, ftlls iwjs vad ugha feysA (ii) bl iz u dk m kj k; lHkh Nk=ksa us lgh fy[kkA dqN Nk=ksa us u ds Fke vkSj f} kh; Hkkx dk m kj Li"V rkSj ij ugha fy[kkA vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us viuh Hkk"kk esa u fy[kdj x|ka k dh gh Hkk"kk dk ;ksx fd;kA (iii) fo|kfFkZ;ksa us u ds Fke Hkkx dk m kj Li"V fy[kkA u ds f}rh; Hkkx vkpk;Z us mik; D;ksa lkspk \ vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us ;k rks bl u dk m kj fy[kk gh ugha ;k xyr fy[kkA os bl u dks ysdj Hkzfer jgsA o kZuh lEcU/kh v kqf);k Hkh ik;h x;hA m kj fy[krs le; x|ka k ds Hkko dh vksj Nk=ksa dk /;ku ugha x;kA (iv) u dk Fke Hkkx vR;Ur ljy Fkk A vr% lHkh Nk=ksa us bl Hkkx dk lVhd vkSj lkFkZd m kj fn;kA u ds nwljs Hkkx esa nwljs Hkkx esa nwljs ;qod ds pkfjf=d xq.k dks Li"V djus esa vf/kdrj Nk= iw.kZr% v{ke jgsA ljy uksa ds ljy m kj esa Hkh fo|kFkhZ viuh Hkk"kk dk ;ksx ugha dj ik;sA 37 v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks de ls de nks ckj vifBr x|ka k dks /;ku ls i<+us dk funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A mls le>dj m kj rS;kj djus dh fn kk esa sfjr djuk pkfg,A & d{kk esa vifBr x|ka k dk vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A x|ka k esa ls ,sls u nsus pkfg, ftuds m kj fo|kFkhZ Lo;a fy[k ldsaA & Nk=ksa dks viuh Hkk"kk esa m kj fy[kus dk vH;kl ,oa Hkk"kk dh 'kqf);ksa ij /;ku nsus dh vko ;drk le>uk pkfg,A & m kj fy[krs le; u ds nksuksa Hkkxksa dk m kj vyx&vyx vuqPNsn esa fy[kk tkuk pkfg, o eq[; fcUnqvksa ds lekos k dh vko ;drk Nk=ksa dks le>kbZ tkuh pkfg,A & d{kk esa dgkfu;k lqukdj muls feyus okyh f k{kk ij fopkj foe kZ Hkh djuk pkfg,A& ^Jqr&Hkko&xzg.k* vkfn ds ek/;e ls vFkZ xzg.k dh izf ;k dks ljy o izHkkoh cukus dk iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A (v) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us u ds Fke Hkkx dk lgh m kj v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& fn;kA ysfdu vkpk;Z }kjk nwljs ;qod dks viuk lgk;d D;ksa pquk x;k vf/kdka k Nk= blsa Li"V ugha & Nk=ksa dh le> ds fodkl ds fy, foospUkkRed] fo ys"k.kkRed o rdZ ijd dj ik;sA laHkor% /;ku ls x|ka k u i<+us ds dkj.k uksa dk vH;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,A ;k ykijokgh ds dkj.k gh mUgksaus ,slk fd;kA Nk=ksa esa o kZuh lEcU/kh Kku dk vHkko ik;k x;kA & Hkk"kk ,oa o kuh lq/kkjus dh fn kk esa vf/kd ls vf/kd Nk=ksa ls vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & Hkk"kk Kku ij fo ks"k /;ku nsdj fujarj ;kl djokuk vko ;d gSA d{kk esa ,sls vifBr x|ka k dk vH;kl djokuk pkfg, ftlesa m kj vius vki fy[kus gksa ftlls fd Nk=ksa dks lksp le>dj m kj fy[kus dk vH;kl gksA & fopkjkRed uksa dk fujarj vH;kl ,oa u,&u, 'kCnksa dk ;ksx Hkh Hkk"kk Kku dh o`f) ds fy, fl[kk;k tkuk pkfg,A vad ;kstuk& u 3 (i) vkpk;Z dks fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls dke djus okys lgk;dksa dh vko ;drk Fkh] D;ksafd mudh iz;ksx kkyk esa dke cgqr vf/kd FkkA (ii) vkpk;Z dh fujk kk dk ;g dkj.k Fkk fd mUgsa dksbZ fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls dk;Z djus okyk ;ksX; lgk;d ugha fey jgk Fkk D;ksafd tks Hkh lgk;d vkrk Fkk mu esa ls fdlh dks osru dh fpark Fkh rks fdlh dks Hkfo"; dh rks fdlh dks ifjokj dh fpark FkhA fujk k gksdj mUgksus Lo;a gh lkjk dk;Z djus dk fu p; dj fy;kA (iii) vkpk;Z ds ikl tks nks ;qod vk;s Fks] vkpk;Z us mudks jlk;u cukus dk dk;Z nsdj ijh{kk ysus dk mik; lkspk D;ksafd blh ds ek/;e ls og tku ikrs fd ifo= Hkkouk ls dk;Z djus okyk O;fDr dkSu gSA (iv) nwljk ;qod jlk;u blfy, ugha rS;kj dj ldk D;kasfd vkpk;Z ds ?kj ls fudyrs gh mls ekxZ esa lM+d nq?kZVuk esa ?kk;y ,d o`) O;fDr feykA og ;qod mlh dh lsok djus esa yxk jgk] blfy, mls jlk;u rS;kj djus dk le; gh ugha fey ik;kA Bl ls mlds pfj= dk ;g xq.k Li"V gksrk gS fd og fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls dk;Z djus okyk ijksidkjh ;qod gSSA (v) vkpk;Z us viuk lgk;d nwljs ;qod dks fu;qDr fd;k] tks jlk;u rS;kj djus esa vleFkZ jgk Fkk D;ksafd vkpk;Z ds ikl ,sls rks cgqr ls ;qod vk;s ftu esa Kku dh deh ugha Fkh ysfdu ,d jlk;u kkL=h ds ikl tks ifo= /;s; gks rk gS] mldh muesa cgqr deh Fkh] ysfdu nwljs ;qod 38 ds ikl Kku ds lkFk lkFk ijksidkfjrk dk xqq.k Hkh Fkk vkSj vkpk;Z mlds blh xq.k ls lc ls vf/kd izHkkfor gq, FksA Question 4 Answer the following according to the instructions given:fuEufyf[kr iz ukas ds m kj funsZ kkuqlkj fyf[k, %& (i) fuEufyf[kr kCnksa ls fo ks"k.k cukb, %& jlk;u] uqdlkuA [1] (ii) fuEufyf[kr kCnksa esa ls fdlh ,d kCn ds nks Ik;kZ;okph kCn fyf[k, %& Ckk/kk] ihM+kA [1] (iii) fuEufyf[kr kCnksa esa ls fdUgha nks kCnksa ds foijhrkFkZd kCn fyf[k, %& var] ifo=] fujk kk] Hkfo";A [1] (iv) Hkkookpd la+Kk CkUkkb, %& vfrfFk] fuiq.kA [1] (v) fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa esa ls fdlh ,d dh lgk;rk ls okD; cukb, %& Vdk lk tokc nsuk] flDdk tekukA [1] (vi) dks"Bd esa fn, x, funsZ kkuqlkj okD;ksa esa ifjorZu dhft, %& (a) var esa vkpk;Z fujk k gks x,A (vk kk 'kCn dk ;ksx dhft;s) [1] (b) og eq>s vfr f ; yxus yxkA (okD; dks Hkfo";r~ dky esa cnfy,) [1] (c) mldk dk;Z a klk ds ;ksX; FkkA (js[kkafdr ds LFkku ij ,d kCn dk ;ksx djrs gq, okD; iqu% fyf[k;s) [1] 39 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) dqN fo|kFkhZ fo ks"k.k 'kCn dk vFkZ gh ugha le> ik;sA QyLo:i fn, x;s 'kCnksa ds fo ks"k.k cukus esa vleFkZ jgsA jlk;u* 'kCn dk fo ks"k.k cukus esa vf/kdrj Nk= vleFkZ jgsA o kZuh dh v kqf);k Hkh cgqr ik;h xbZA (ii) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us i;kZ;okph kCn Bhd fy[ksA dqN Nk=ksa us ,d kCn ds LFkku ij nksuksa 'kCnkas ds ,d&,d i;kZ;okph 'kCn fy[k fn;sA dqN us LFkkuh; Hkk"kk dk ;ksx Hkh fd;kA ck/kk* dk i;kZ;okph :dkoV* 'kCn xyr fy[kkA o kZuh rFkk ek=k lEcU/kh v kqf) ik;h x;hA (iii) bl u es lHkh 'kCn vR;Ur ljy Fks vr% vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh foykse 'kCn fy[ksA var* ds foijhrkFkZd 'kCn esa Nk= Hkzfer gks x;sA foykse 'kCn fy[krs le; m* rFkk * dh ek=k dk Hksn ugha dj ik;sA (iv) u vR;Ur ljy Fkk ijUrq Hkkookpd laKk esa vfrfFk* 'kCn dk lE;d m kj nsus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA fuiq.k* dk m kj lgh fy[kkA o kuh lEcU/kh =qfV Hkh ns[kh x;hA (v) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us vFkZ fy[kdj okD; cuk;sA okD; foU;kl esa fo|kFkhZ vleFkZ jgsA vLi"V okD; dh lajpuk dhA cgqr lkjs Nk=ksa us nksuksa eqgkojksa ls okD; cuk;sA o kZuh lEcU/kh v kqf);ksa dh vgqyrk ds dkj.k okD; dk lgh gksuk Hkh O;FkZ gks x;kA (vi) funsZ kkuqlkj ifjo kZu esa Nk=ksa dks dfBukbZ dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA (a) vf/kdrj fo|kFkhZ vk kk* dks ysdj Hkzfer jgsA okD; ifjo kZu esa ugha* esa vuqLokj vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us ugha fn;kA u i= esa ns[kus ds mijkUr Hkh o kZuh lEcU/kh v kqf);k ik;h x;hA (b) vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us bl okD; dk lgh m kj fy[kkA dqN Nk=ksa us Hkfo";dky ds LFkku ij Hkwrdky dk ;ksx fd;kA (c) Nk=ksa esa vusd 'kCnksa ds LFkku ij ,d 'kCn ds Kku dk vHkko ik;k x;kA ^ kalk ds ;ksX;* ds 40 v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks d{kk esa fyf[kr ,oa ekSf[kd :I ls fo ks"k.k 'kCnksa dk pqj vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & fo ks"k.k cukus dh f ;k fl[kkrs le; lgh o kZuh ij Hkh fo ks"k /;ku nsuk pkfg,A & Nk=ksa dks j esa m* vkSj * dh ek=k dh vksj fo ks"k /;ku fnykuk pkfg,A & i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa ds Kku ds fy, ikB i<+krs le; Hkh lekukFkZd 'kCnksa dh tkudkjh nsuh pkfg,A & ,sls 'kCn tks Nk= k;% xyr fy[krs gSa mudks ';kei ij fy[kdj vH;kl djokuk pkfg, ftlls vU; Nk=ksa dks Hkh ykHk gksA & Nk=ksa dks vf/kd ls vf/kd foykse 'kCn ;kn djok;s tk, rFkk budk ekSf[kd ,oa fyf[kr vH;kl Hkh djok;k tk,A & d{kk esa foykse 'kCn crkrs le; bl ckr ij fo ks"k /;ku nsus dk funsZ k nsa fd ftl 'kCn ds fy, tks foykse fuf pr gS ogh foykse 'kCn fy[kk tk,A & eqgkojksa dk ;ksx dk vf/kd ls vf/kd vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A Nk=ksa dks ;g Hkh crk;k tk, fd blds ;ksx ls okD; lkSUn;Z esa o`f) gksrh gSA & Hkkookpd laKk dk fo ks"k v/;;u vko ;d gSA fo ks"k.k o Hkkookpd nksuksa dk i`Fkd vH;kl djokuk vko ;d gSA & Nk=ksa ds Kku esa o`f) ds fy, yxkrkj ;Ru fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & okD; lajpuk ds le; 'kCnksa ds vuq:i ;ksx dk vH;kl djkuk fy, lgh ,d 'kCn fy[kus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA kaluh;* 'kCn dh o kZuh esa Hkh v kqf) ik;h xbZA pkfg,A o kZuh dh v kqf);ksa dh vksj Nk=ksa dk /;ku fnykuk pkfg,A & O;kdj.k ds vuqlkj Hkk"kk esa vuqLokj* dk fo ks"k egRo gSA bl vksj Nk=ksa dk /;ku fnykuk ykHkdj gksxkA & funsZ kkuqlkj okD; ifjo kZu esa funsZ kksa dks /;kuiwoZd i<+us dk ckj&ckj funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A & O;kdj.k esa opu Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA vr% ,dopu o cgqopu dks Hkh ;kn djokuk pkfg,A & okD; ifjo kZu djokrs le; fyax] opu vkSj dky dh iwjh tkudkjh nsuk vR;Ur vko ;d gSA budk Hkh d{kk esa vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & lrr~ ;kl ls ek=kvksa dh =qfV esa lq/kkj vk;sxkA vr% Hkk"kk lEcU/kh vH;kl ckj&ckj djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & O;kdj.k dk vf/kdkf/kd] fu;fer o fyf[kr vH;kl Nk=ksa dks vH;kl djk, A vad ;kstuk& u 4 (i) fo ks"k.k cukb,& Uqkdlku & uqdlkunsg jlk;u & jlk;u kkL=h (ii) Ik;kZ;okph fdlh ,d 'kCn ds nks&nks %& Ckk/kk & fo?u] :dkoV] O;o/kku] vM+pu] jksM+k ihM+k & d"V] O;Fkk] osnuk] nq%[k] larki] 'kksd] Dys k] nnZ] rdyhQ (iii) foykse kCn dksbZ nks %& var & vkfn] vkjEHk ifo= & vifo=] efyu] xank] eSyk 41 fujk kk & vk kk Hkfo"; & Hkwr (iv) Hkkookpd laKk& vfrfFk & vkfrF; fuiq.k & fuiq.krk (v) fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa esa ls fdlh ,d dh lgk;rk ls okD; cukb;s %& Vdk lk tokc nsuk & lkQ budkj nsuk & jkT; okil ek xus ij nq;ksZ/ku us ik.Moksa dks Vdk lk tokc ns fn;kA flDdk t+ekuk & izHkko LFkfir djuk & izR;sd jktuhfrd ny ernkrkvksa ij viuk flDdk t+ekuk pkgrs gSA (vi) dks"Vd esa fn, x, funsZ kkuqlkj okD;ksa esa ifjorZu dhft;s %& (a) var esa vkpk;Z dks vk kk ugha jghA (b) og eq>s vfr fiz; yxus yxsxkA (c) mldk dk;Z iz kaluh; FkkA x| ladyu Question 5 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow:fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fy[ks iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& pkpkth ogk Hkh x;k Fkk] iwjs fnu ykbu esa [kM+k jgus ij tc esjh ckjh vkbZ rks vQlj cksyk & HkkbZ] uke rks fy[k ysrk gw ij tYnh ukSdjh ikus dh dksbZ vk kk er djuk** A &HkhM+ esa [kks;k vkneh& ys[kd&yhyk/kj kekZ ioZrh;* i oDrk dk ifjp; nsrs gq, fd ;gk pkpkth dk lacks/ku fdlds fy, fd;k x;k gS ? [2] ii ;gk fdl dk;Zky; dh ykbu esa [kM+s gksus dh ckr dh tk jgh gS rFkk D;ksa ? [2] iii) ;gk fdl oDrk dh ckrksa ls ys[kd D;kk lkspus ij foo k gks tkrk gS rFkk D;ksa \ [3] iv ;g fdl izdkj dk fuca/k gS rFkk bl fuca/k esa ns k dh leL;k ij /;ku vkdf Zkr fd;k x;k gS ? blls ns k dks D;k uqdlku gks jgk gS ? [3] 42 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us lgh m kj fy[kk ijUrq uke & Nk=ksa dks ikB le>k dj i<+k;k tkuk ds fn kk esa izk;: Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbZ fn,A ';keykdkar pkfg,A eq[; fcUnqvks dh vksj fo ks"k ds LFkku ij ';keukFk rFkk ';keykdkar ukeksa dk /;ku fnykuk pkfg,A iz;ksx gqvkA nhukukFk ds LFkku ij Hkh vU; uke fy[ks x;sA dqN fo|kFkhZ oDrk rFkk pkpkth ds uke & d{kk esa ikB i<+krs le; uke fo ks"k rFkk LFkku fo ks"k dk vH;kl dks ysdj Hkzfer jgsA ckj&ckj djok;k tkuk pkfg,A (ii vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fy[kkA fo|kfFkZ;ksa us & bl izdkj ds fopkjkRed fucU/kksa esa jkstxkj dk;kZy; ds LFkku ij vU;&vU; dk;kZy;ksa vklikl dh vU; tkudkjh Hkh dk ft fd;k A jkstxkj dk;kZy; ds LFkku ij vko ;d gS vr% ns k dh leL;kvksa vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us ljdkjh dk;kZy; dk iz;ksx fd;k ls Nk=ksa dks fo ks"k :Ik ls voxr A iz u ds nqljs Hkkx D;ksa dk m kj mfpr rFkk lVhd djkuk pkfg,A FkkA & dgkuh ,oa fuca/k dk izdkj Li"V :Ik iii) vf/kdrj fo|kFkhZ oDrk dh ckrksa ls ys[kd D;k lkspus ls le>k;k tkuk pkfg, fd fuca/k ij foo k gks tkrk gS bls rks crk ik, ysfdu D;ksa O;axkRed gS] fopkjkRed gS] gkL;kRed dk m kj nsus es vleFkZ jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us vkxs ihNs gS ;k leL;k ewyd gSA dk [kwc fy[kk ijUrq eq[; ckr NksVs 'kgjksa dk ;g gky gS ugh fy[kkA blfy, m kj viw.kZ izrhr gqvkA & v/;kid ikB dks ckj&ckj i<+us dk funsZ k Nk=ksa dks nsa rFkk lkFk gh ikB dqN Nk=ksa us tula[;k o`f) ds fo"k; esa gh fy[kkA esa fNis gq, ewyHkko dks igpkuus esa iv iz u dk izFke Hkkx ^fdl izdkj dk fucU/k gS * mudh lgk;rk djsaA vf/kdrj Nk= bls Li"V djus esa vleFkZ jgsA ^leL;k&ewyd* rFkk ^tu psruk* tSls 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg, fd os izR;sd iz u dks ugha fd;k tks m kj dks Hkh izHkkoh curk rFkk lgh /;kuiwoZd i<+sa vkSj lksp fopkj dj fn kk esa ys tkrkA blls gksus okys uqdlku dks Hkh m kj fy[ksaA fo|kFkhZZ iq.kZ :i ls Li"V ugha dj ik;sA ek= ^csjkstxkjh* ppkZ dhA vU; leL;kvksa dks vuns[kk & iz u ds lHkh Hkkxksa dk m kj dj fn;kA vyx&vyx vuqPNsn esa fy[kuk fl[kk;k tkuk pkfg,A & ikB ds vUr esa iqu% ikB dk lkj crkdj fHkUu&fHkUu iz uksa ij fopkj foeZ k djuk pkfg, rkfd Nk=ksa dks fdlh izdkj dh 'kadk u jgsA i 43 vad ;kstuk& u 5 i dFku dk oDrk ys[kd ds vfHkUu fe= ckcw ';keykdkar th dk cM+k csVk nhukukFk gSA ;gk pkpkth dk lacks/ku ys[kd yhyk/kj 'kekZ ioZrh; th ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA ii ;gk jkst+xkj dk;kZy; esa uke fy[kokus dh ykbu esa [kM+s gksus dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA tgk ;kekykdkar th dk cM+k csVk iwjs fnu ykbu esa [kM+k jgk Fkk D;ksafd mls i<+kbZ iwjh fd;s nks o"kZ gks x, Fks ysfdu vHkh r dog csjkstxkj ?kwe jgk FkkA iii oDrk nhukukFk dh ckrsa tc ys[kd lqurk gS fd mls i<+kbZ iwjh fd;s nks o"kZ gks x, vkSj vHkh Hkh csjkstxkj ?kwe jgk gS rFkk jkst+xkj n rj esa Hkh vQlj us ;g dg fn;k gS fd rqEgkjh ;ksX;rk ds gtkjksa O;fDr igys gh bl dk;kZy; esa uke ntZ djk pqds gSa rks ys[kd ;s lkspus ij foo k gks tkrk gS fd tc NksVs ls 'kgj dk ;s gky gS rks cM+s 'kgjksa esa csjkstxkjksa dh fdruh HkhM+ HkVd jgh gksxhA D;ksafd Yks[kd ds fe= dk csVk NksVs ls 'kgj gfjn~okj esa jgrk Fkk vkSj i<+k fy[kk gksus ij Hkh nks o"kksZa ls csjkstxkj ?kwe jgk FkkA lkFk gh ,d fopkjoku iq:"k gksus ds ukrs leL;k ij fopkj djuk mlds fy, LokHkkfod FkkA iv HkhM+ esa [kks;k vkneh ,d leL;k ewyd rFkk tu&psruk dks yf{kr djds fy[kk x;k fuca/k gSA bl fuca/k esa ns k dh Toyar leL;k] fnu kfnu c<+rh HkhM+ ij gekjk /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k x;k gSA blls gekjs ns k dks Hkkjh uqdlku gks jgk gS rFkk ns k mUufr ds LFkku ij voufr dh vksj tk jgk gSA tSls csjkstxkjh c< jgh gS] vkokl ?kV jgs gSa] [kkn~;kUu ?kV jgs gSa] fpfdRlk lqfo/kkvksa dk vHkko gks jgk gS] okrkoj.k nwf"kr gks jgk gS] chekfj;k QSy jgh gSa] vuq kklu ij nq"izHkko iM+ jgk gS] lkoZtfud LFkyksa ij fu;e vkSj O;oLFkk dk ikyu ugha gks jgk gS rFkk le;] 'kkfDr vkSj /ku [kpZ djds Hkh dk;Z ugha gks jgk gSA Question 6 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& tc esjk tUe Hkh ugha gqvk Fkk] rc ls os bl Ldwy esa f k{kd dk dke dj jgs gSaA os rks fLFkj jgs gSa] ijUrq mudh vk;q mudh rjg fLFkj ugha jg ldhA &esjs ekLVj Lkkgc& ys[kd&panzxqIr fon~;kyadkj i ;gk fdl ds fo"k; esa ckr dh tk jgh gS \ mldk ys[kd ds lkFk D;k laca/k gSS \ [2] ii eq[;k/;kid ds :Ik esa ys[kd dk fo|ky; esa dSlk izHkko Fkk \ [2] iii eq[;k/;kid cuus ds ckn Hkh ys[kd vius fiz; ekLVj lkgc ds lkFk fdu&fdu ckrksa dk /;ku j[krs Fks \ ys[kd dh fu;qfDr dk ekLVj lkgc ij D;k izHkko iM+k \ [3] 44 iv) ^xq:&f k"; ijEijk* dks orZeku le; us fdl izdkj izHkkfor fd;k gS \ ^xq:&f k"; ijEijk* ds vkn kZ :Ik dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, D;k mik; fd;s tkus pkfg, \ [3] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& i & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ckjEckj ikB dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj mlesa fNis Hkko dks le>us ds fy, izsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & d{kk esa Nk=ksa dks ;g fo ks"k funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg, fd os izR;sd iz u dks cgqr /;ku ls i<+sa rFkk ;g le>sa fd fdlds fo"k; esa D;k iz u iwNk tk jgk gSA & iz u ds eq[; fcUnq dks fo ks"k :Ik ls Li"V djus dh tkudkjh Nk=ksa dks nh tkuh pkfg,A vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh rFkk larks"ktud m kj fy[ksA dqN Nk= ys[kd ds lkFk ekLVj lkgc dk lEcU/k Li"V :Ik ls ugha le>k ik;sA laca/kks dh mnkjrk dh vksj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk /;ku ugha x;kA ii vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us ys[kd dk fo|ky; esa izHkko Li"V fd;kA xgjkbZ ls IkkB ugha i<+s tkus ds dkj.k lHkh izHkkoksa dks Li"V djus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us fo|ky; Hkou esa gq, ifjoZru dks rks fy[kk tSls&lgu esa Qqyokjh bR;kfn ijUrq ekLVj Lkkgc dk izHkko Li"V ugha fd;kA okD; foU;kl esa Hkh dkQh =qfV;k ik;h xbZ fQj Hkh Nk=ksa dk iz;kl ljkguh; jgkA iii iz u ds izFke Hkkx dk m kj vf/kdrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us lgh fn;kA ekLVj lkgc dh ckrksa dks iwjh rjg ls Li"V fd;k ysfdu ys[kD ds eq[;k/;kd ds :Ik esa fu;qfDr dk ekLVj ij D;k izHkko iM+kA ;g crkus esa vleFkZ jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us rks iz u ds fnwrh; Hkkx dks NksM+ gh fn;kA fdlh fdlh us iz u ds izFke Hkkx esa ek= ,d gh ckr fy[khA iv bl iz u dk m kj vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us Li"V :Ik ls ugha fn;kA orZeku ifjos k esa f k{kk ds O;olk;hdj.k okys eq[; fcUnq dk m kj esa vHkko ik;k x;kA xq:&f k"; ijEijk ds vkn kZ :Ik dks orZeku le; esa cuk;s j[kus ds fy, fd, tkus okys mik;ksa dk o.kZu Nk= ugha dj ik;sA dqN Nk=ksa us ekLVj lkgc rFkk fouk;d okyk izlax fy[kk tks xyr gSA 45 & ikB esa ls o.kZukRed iz uksa dk Hkh d{kk esa vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A & fofHkUu izdkj ds iz uksa dk lVhd m kj viuh Hkk"kk esa fy[kus ds fy, fyf[kr vH;kl dh vko`fr djok;h tkuh pkfg,A & ikB esa fo ks"k Hkko rFkk vFkZ j[kus okys 'kCnksa dh fo ks"k O;k[;k djuh pkfg,A & iz u ds nksuks Hkkxksa dk m kj vyx&vyx Li"V :Ik ls fy[kukA fofHkUu mnkgj.kksa tSls&,dyO;] vk:.kh ds ek/;e ls xq: f k"; ijEijk dh vksj Nk=ksa dk :>ku mRiUu djuk pkfg,A vad ;kstuk& u 6 i ;gk ys[kd ds fiz; ekLVj lkgc ds fo"k; esa ckr dh tk jgh gSA mudk ys[kd ds LkkFk xq: rFkk f k"; dk lEcU/k gS D;ksafd ys[kd tc cgqr NksVs Fks vkSj fon~;ky; tkuk vkjEHk fd;k Fkk rHkh ls og f k{kd ds in ij dk;Z dj jgs Fks vkSj vkt Hkh tc ys[kd iz/kkukpk;Z cudj vk;s gSa rc Hkh og mlh fon~;ky; esa f k{kd ds in ij dk;Z dj jgs gSaA ii ys[kd eq[; v/;kid cudj mlh fon~;ky; esa vk x, Fks ftlls og cpiu esa i<+dj x, FksA eq[; v/;kid cuus ds ckn ys[kd dk fon~;ky; esa cgqr izHkko FkkA fon~;ky; ds lHkh fon~;kFkhZ ys[kd dh ckr Hkh ekurs Fks rFkk lEeku Hkh djrs Fks] fon~;ky; ds lHkh f k{kd Hkh mudh cgqr bTt+r djrs Fks ,oa ys[kd ds dM+s vuq kklu ls lHkh cgqr izHkkfor jgrs Fks blfy, lHkh fon~;kFkhZ le; ls fon~;ky; vkrs Fks] lHkh dh os kHkw"kk lgh gksrh Fkh] fon~;ky; esa 'kkafr gksrh Fkh rFkk lHkh mLrkn [kMs+ gksdj i<+krs FksA iii ys[kd v/;kid rks cu x, Fks vkSj HkkX; ls muds fiz; ekLVj lkgc Hkh mlh fon~;ky; esa Fks ysfdu muds iz/kkukpk;Z cuus ds ckn Hkh ys[kd us mudh bTTk+r esa dksbZ deh ugha j[kh FkhA tSls fd ys[kd vuq kklu fiz; Fks rks lHkh tekr d{kk ds v/;kid cPpksa dks [kM+s gksdj gh i<+krs Fks ysfdu ekLVj lkgc cgqr cw<+s gks x, Fks blfy, [kM+s gksdj ugha i<+krs FksA ys[kd Hkh ;s ckr tkurs Fks blfy, dHkh mudh d{kk esa tkrs gh ugha FksA D;ksafd og tkurs Fks fd muds tkrs gh ekLVj lkgc [kM+s gks tk;saxsA og d{kk esa nsj ls tkrs Fks rc rd cPPks 'kksj epkrs Fks ij rc Hkh ys[kd mUgsa dqN ugha dgrs FksA tc dHkh Hkh og pijklh ls iwNdj Mjrs Mjrs ys[kd ds dejs esa vkrs Fks rks mudk [kM+s gksdj Lokxr djrs FksA mu dks lEeku iwoZd igys gh ueLdkj djrs Fks rFkk muls g l dj ckrsa djrs FksA ys[kd dh fu;qfDr ls ekLVj lkgc FksA iv xq: rFkk f k"; ds lEcU/k esa iqjkru dky ls ysdj vc rd cgqr ifjorZu gq, gSA ,d le; oks Hkh Fkk tc ,dyO; us xq: ls fcuk iz u fd;s xq: nf{k.kk esa vius xq: nzks.kkpk;Z dks viuk vaxwBk dkV dj ns fn;k Fkk rFkk ,d le; ;s Hkh Fkk fd ys[kd us vius fiz; ekLVj lkgc dks cPpksa ds lkeus gh MkaV fn;k Fkk D;ksafd oks d{kk esa lks jgs Fks] ij ckn esa mUgsa cgqr vf/kd I pkrki Hkh gqvk fd mUgksaus bruk cM+k vijk/k dSls dk fn;k\ D;ksa og vius ks/k ij dkcw ugha dj lds vkSj vius blh dk;Z ds Ik pkrki esa mUgksaus vius fiz; ekLVj lkgc ls ekQh ekaxh rFkk mudh flQkfj k djds eq[; v/;kid cukdj nwljs fon~;ky; esa Hks fn;k ftl ls fQj dHkh ,slh fLFkfr uk vk;sA Ysfdu vkt xq: ds izfr lEeku de gks x;k gSA vkt dk fon~;kFkhZ dsoy vk [kksa ds lkeus dh bTtr djrk gSA vkSj dHkh dHkh rks mldh lhek Hkh ikj dj tkrk gS rFkk /k`"Vrk ds lkFk iyV dj tokc Hkh ns nsrk gSA Xkq: f k"; ijEijk ds vkn kZ :i dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, f k{kdksa rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa nksuksa dh vksj ls iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A v/;kid dks dsoy /ku ysdj gh v/;kiu dks viuk /;s; ugha le>uk pkfg,A fo|kFkhZ ls HkkoukRed lEcU/k Hkh cukus pkfg,A fo|kFkhZ dks Hkh Kku nsus okys f k{kd dk n; ls lEeku djuk pkfg,A 46 Question 7 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& &;g ek dk >esyk gh jgsxk& mUgksaus fQj vaxzsth esa viuh L=h ls dgk& dksbZ <ax dh ckr gks rks] Hkh dksbZ dgsA vxj dgha dksbZ mYVh&lh/kh ckr gks x;h] phQ dks cqjk yxk] rks lkjk et+k tkrk jgsxkA &phQ dh nkor& ys[kd&Hkh"e lkguh (i) oDrk rFkk Jksrk dkSu gS] oDrk ek dks >esyk D;ksa dg jgk gS \ [2] (ii) Jksrk fdl ckr dks ysdj fpafrr gS] D;k mldk fpafrr gksuk mfpr gS \ rdZ lfgr m kj nhft,A [2] (iii) phQ dkSu gS \ mldks ?kj esa cqykus dk D;k mns ; gS \ mlds fy, D;k&D;k rS;kfj;k dh tk jgh gSa \ [3] (iv) izLrqr dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij lkekftd thou dh ewY;ghurk o lekt esa QSys Hkz"Vkpkj dk o.kZu dhft,A [3] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) vf/kdka k fo|kFkhZ oDrk rFkk Jksrk esa Hkzfer gks x, vr% myVk Hkh fy[k fn;kA mij nh x;h iafDr vf/kdka k Nk=ksa ds fy, dfBu jghA ek dks ysdj ek= mudh dq:irk dh ppkZ dh xbZA ckdh vU; fcUnqvksa ij Nk=ksa us dksbZ ppkZ ugha dhA (ii) dqN fo|kfFkZ;ksa us vius foosd ls lgh m kj fy[kk ijUrq dqN us iz u ds vk/kkj ij dqN fcUnqvksa dks gh Li"V fd;k tks iw.kZ:Ik ls larks"ktud ugha FkkA rkfdZd m kj nsus esa Nk= vlQy jgsA vf/kdrj Nk= Jksrk dh fpUrk dk dkj.k Li"V ugha dj ik;sA (iii) vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us ;Fkksfpr m kj fy[kkA iz u vR;ar ljy FkkA Nk=ksa dks fdlh izdkj dh dfBukbZ ugha gqbZA dqN fo|kfFkZ;ksa us ^phQ dkS gS\* ds m kj esa n rj dk cM+k ckcw ;k gsM tSls 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx fd;kA mn~s ; ys[ku esa Nk=ksa dk iz;kl ljkguh; jgkA 47 v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & laoknksa ds vk/kkj ij oDrk ,oa Jksrk ds fo"k; esa ckj&ckj vH;kl djokuk mfPkr gksxkA & Nk=ksa dks rdZ 'kfDr ds vk/kkj ij m kj nsus dk vf/kdkf/kd vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A & iz u rFkk izlax dks tksM+rs gq, m kj esa ftrus Hkh fodYi vkus gksa lHkh dks fy[kus dk vH;kl djokuk pkfg, A & ikB ds Hkko dk xgjkbZ ls vH;kl djokuk Pkkfg,A & Nk=ksa dks o.kZukRed iz uksa dk d{kk esa fyf[kr vH;kl djkuk ,ao fo"k; ij ppkZ Hkh djuh Pkkfg,A (iv) vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us dsoy Hkz"Vkpkj ij vius fopkj izLrqr fd,A dqN Nk=ksa us dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij dsoy mnkgj.k gh fn;kA iz u dks xgjkbZ ls u le> ikus ds dkj.k ^ewY;ghurk* ij fopkj izdV ugha fd;k x;kA Hkz"Vpkj vkSj ewY;ghurk nksuksa ij cgqr de Nk=ksa us fy[kkA v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & Nk=ksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa dks mRiUu djuk rFkk muesa mPp fopkj Hkjuk pkfg, ftlls LoLFk ekufldrk dk fodkl gks ldsA & Nk=ksa dks bl ckr ds fy, ckj&ckj ltx djuk pkfg, rkfd iz u ds lHkh Hkkxksa dk m kj os ckjh&ckjh ls vyx&vyx nsaA & dfBu 'kCnksa dk fy[kdj vH;kl djokuk pkfg, rFkk mudk fo ks"k vFZk Hkh crk;k tkuk pkfg,A & euq"; dh LokFkhZ izo`f k ij mnkgj.k }kjk d{kk esa fo ks"k ppkZ djsaA vad ;kstuk& u 7 (i) izLrqr dFku dk oDrk feLVj 'kkeukFk rFkk Jksrk mudh iRuh gSA og ek dks >esyk blfy, dg jgk gS D;ksafd og cgqr gh LokFkhZ izo`fr dk Fkk rFkk vius phQ dks nkor ij cqyk jgk Fkk D;ksafd og mudh pkiywlh djds rjDdh ikuk pkgrk FkkA mldk lkgc fons kh Fkk vkSj ek vui<+] rFkk xk o dh gksus ds dkj.k dksbZ Hkwy pwd gks tk;s vkSj lkgc ukjkt+ gks tk, rFkk mldh rjDdh :d tk;sA (ii) Jksrk 'kkeukFk viuh ek dks ysdj fpafrr gS D;ksafd og fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa phQ ds lkeus viuh ek dks ugh ys tkuk pkg jgk gSA ml dk ?kj NksVk gS blfy, ek dk phQ ds lkeus vkuk laHko gks ldrk gSA nwljk dkj.k ;s Fkk fd mldh ek vui<+ rFkk xkao dh Fkh vksj mlds ?kj vkus okyk phQ fons kh Fkk blfy, mls bl ckr dh laHkkouk lcls vf/kd yx jgh fd dgha phQ dk vkeuk&lkeuk ek ls gks x;k rks uk vkus ek mldks D;k dg ns ftlls mldk phQ ukjkt+ gks tk;sA Ugha mldk fpark djuk vuqfpr gS ek cki gekjh 'kku gksrs gSa] fpark dk fo"k; ugha gksrs] vkt ge ftl LFkku ij cSBs gSa ogk rd igq pus esa vkt mUgha dk gkFk gS blfy, mUgsa ;g ugha le>uk pkfg, fd ;g Hkh ,d >esyk gS] vc budk D;k djsaA 48 vad ;kstuk& u 7 (iii) phQ 'kkeukFk ds n rj ds cM+s vf/kdkjh gSaA 'kkeUkkFk us mUgsa vius ?kj nkor ij cqyk;k gS D;ksafd og voljoknh o pkiywl O;fDr gS vkSj og pkiywlh ds cy ij inksUufr pkgrk gSA blds fy, mlus cgqr lh rS;kfj;k dh Fkh tSls dqlhZ] est] frikb;k] uSifdu] Qwy lc cjkens esa igq pk fn, Fks] esgekuksa ds cSBus dk bartke cSBd esa dj fn;k FkkA ?kj dk Qkyrw lkeku vyekfj;ksa ds ihNs rFkk iyaxksa ds uhps fNik fn;k FkkA ek D;k igus] dSls cSBs] D;k djs] iRuh D;k djs] D;k igus bR;kfn ckrksa dk Hkh igys ls gh bartke dj fn;k FkkA (iv) izLrqr dgkuh esa ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa QSys Hkz"Vkpkj ds izR;{k :i ls n kZu gksrs gS ftlesa vkt ds lkekftd thou dh ewY;ghurk rFkk Hkz"Vk vkpj.k dks ladsfrr fd;k x;k gSA vkt dk;kZy;ksa esa inksUufr ;ksX;rk ds cy ij ugha cfYd pkiywlh ds cy ij feyrh gSA cM+s lkgc ftl ij Hkh izlUu gks x, mldh rjDdh iDdh gks tkrh gSA blh ds lkFk&lkFk vkt fj or [kksjh dk izpyu Hkh blh izdkj c<+rk tk jgk gS ftlus migkj ns dj izlUu dj fn;k ml dh rjDdh fuf Pkr gks tkrh gSA blh ds lkFk vkt dk euq"; bruk LokFkhZ gks x;k gS fd FkksM+h lh inksUufr izkIr djus ds fy, viuh ek rd dh mis{kk dj nsrk gS] ijUrq ogh ek tc mlds vf/kdkjh dks [kq k dj nsrh gS rks fiz; gks tkrh gS vkSj ogh ek tks mldh fpark dk fo"k; Fkh] mldh t:jr cu tkrh gS D;ksafd vc og mldh rjDdh dk lk/ku gSA pUnzxqIr fodzekfnR; ys[kd&izdk k uxk;p Question 8 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& Bhd dgrs gks dqekj ! le; dh izrh{kk djks] Hkxoku~ egkdky rqEgkjh lgk;rk djsaxsA (i) ;gk dqekj 'kCn dk iz;ksx fdlds fy, fd;k tk jgk gS \ mls le; dh izrh{kk D;ksa djuh iM+sxh \ [2] (ii) egkdky Hkxoku lgk;rk djsaxs] ;gk fdldh lgk;rk dh ckr dh tk jgh gS \ bl lgk;rk dh vko ;drk D;ksa iM+ jgh gS \ [2] (iii) bl le; dqekj dh foo krk dk D;k dkj.k gS \ D;k mudk Hk; mfpr Fkk \ [3] (iv) jkexqIr dh dkyh djrwrksa dk o.kZu dhft,A [3] 49 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) vf/kadk k fo|kFkhZ dqekj 'kCn ls vuqeku yxk dj gh lgh m kj fy[ks ik;sA iz u lh/kk lk Fkk vr% izFke Hkkx esa Nk=ksa dks dksbZ ijs kkuh ugha gqbZA iz u ds f}rh; Hkkx esa ^le; dh izrh{kk D;ksa djuh iM+sxh* okys Hkkx esa vf/kdrj Nk= Hkzfer jgsA mfpr dkj.k crkus esa os vlQy jgsA (ii) iz u ds izFke Hkkx dk m kj vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh fy[kkA egkdky Hkxoku ,oa muds }kjk dh tkus okyh lgk;rk fdldh vkSj D;ksa dk lVhd m kj fy[kus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA x`g;q) ds LFkku ij vU; dkj.k fy[ks x;sA (iii) iz u 2 ds f}rh; Hkkx RkFkk bl esa lekurk Fkh vr% vf/kdrj fn;sA vf/kdka k Nk= dqekj dh ,ao muds Hk; dk vkSfpR; ugha iz u ds izFke Hkkx Nk=ksa us lgh m kj foo krk dk dkj.k fy[k ik;sA (iv) bl iz u dk lgh m kj vf/kdrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us fy[kkA lh/kk iz u gksus ds dkj.k Nk=ksa dks ljyrk gqbZA jkexqIr dh dkyh djrwrksa dks ysdj dqN Nk= Hkzfer Hkh jgs RkFkk ,d gh ckr dh iqujkoZfr Hkh dhA v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & Nk=ksa dks ckj&ckj miU;kl i<+us ds fy, izsfjr djuk pkfg,A & v/;kid Hkko fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igq pkus ij vf/kd /;ku nsaA & miU;kl esa of.kZr izR;sd ?kVuk dks foLrkj iwoZd le>k, rFkk fyf[kr vH;kl djk;k tk;sA & miU;kl dk eapu djokdj vklkuh ls Nk=ksa dk le>k;k tk ldrk gSA v/;kidksa dks bl vksj /;ku nsuk pkfg,A & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ;g crk;k tkuk pkfg, fd iz u esa tgk Hkh FkksM+k lansg gks rks ckj&ckj iz u i<+sa vkSj visf{kr lgh m kj fy[ksaA & dfBu 'kCnksa ds vFkZ d{kk esa crk;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls muds vFkZ le>rs le; Nk= myQu esa u iM+saA & miU;kl dh i`"BHwkfe ,sfrgkfLkd gS vr% Nk=ksa dks ,sfrgkfld ifjizs{; esa dqN lanHkZ crk;k tkuk pkfg,A & fopkjkRed iz uksa dk vH;kLk d{kk esa djok;k tkuk pkfg,A 50 vad ;kstuk& u 8 (i) ;gk dqekj 'kCn dk iz;ksx panzxqIr ds fy, fd;k gSA ;gk dqekj dks le; dh izrh{kk djus dh ckr blfy, dgh tk jgh gS D;ksafd bl le; lEiw.kZ ns k dh fLFkfr uktqd py jgh gSA ;fn ,sls esa jkexqIr ds fo:) dksbZ dne mBk;k rks x`g;q) gksus dh laHkkouk gS D;ksafd ekyok xqtjkr lkSjk"V~ ds 'kdksa us FkksM+k&lk fLFkfr dk vanktk gksrs gh NqviqV geys djus vkjEHk dj fn, Fks vkSj nf{k.kh&if peh lhek ij Hkh cgqr ls vk e.k gks x, FksA blfy, jktiqjksfgr fo".kq 'kekZ us dgk fd ;g le; ugha gS fojks/k djus dk] tc rd fLFkfr lkekU; ugha gks tkrh gS] mls le; dh izrh{kk djuh gh iM+sxhA (ii) egkdky Hkxoku lgk;rk djsaxsA ;gk panzxqIr dks nh tkus okyh lgk;rk dh ckr dh tk jgh gS D;ksafd Hkys gh vkt Hkh panzxqIr dh ryokj esa bruh 'kfDr gS fd og iyd >idrs gh jkexqIr vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa dks ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj ldrk gS ysfdu mldk ifj.kke x`g;q) gks ldrk gS vkSj bl ;q) ls ex/k dh ugha lewpk ns k HkLe gks tk;sxk vkSj ;g fonzksg ns knzksg cu tk;sxk ftlesa vla[; csdlwj ekjs tk;saxsA blfy, Hkxoku egkdky dh lgk;rk dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA foijhr ifjfLFkfr;k gksus ds dkj.k egkdky dh lgk;rk dh vko ;drk gSA (iii) bl le; dqekj dh foo krk dk dkj.k ;g gS fd leFkZ gksrs gq, Hkh os jkexqIr ds vR;kpkjksa dk fojks/k ugha dj ik jgs Fks D;ksafd x`g;q) dh vk kadk us mUgsa Hk;Hkhr dj fn;k FkkA gk mudk Hk; mfpr Fkk D;ksafd ml le; ex/k dh rRdkyhu jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr uktqd FkhA (iv) jkexqIr tks dgus dks rks panzxqIr dk cM+k HkkbZ Fkk ysfdu xq.kksa esa fcYdqy panzxqIr ds foijhr gSA mldh uhprk dk lcls cM+k mnkgj.k gS fd og dk;j] uiqald rFkk vR;kpkjh gS blfy, mlus vius gh firk dks igys canh cuk;k fQj gR;k dj nhA vius HkkbZ dks tks ;q) djus v;ks/;k x;k gqvk Fkk mlds ihNs gh mldh jktxnh Nhu yh rFkk mldh eaxsrj ls tcjnLrh fookg dj fy;kA iztk ij vR;kpkj djus izkjEHk dj fn,A iztk ij vuko ;d dj yxk fn,] ikB kkykvksa rFkk vukFk vJkeksa ds pans can djok fn,A loZ= vU;k; dk gh okrkoj.k Nk x;kA Question 9 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& Hkkjrh; dU;k, thou esa ifr dk oj.k dsoy ,d ckj djrh gSa] lks vki vkt ls nks o"kZ igys gh dj pqdh gSa ------ vkSj fQj jkexqIr dh nqcZyrk fdlh ls fNih ughaA (i) ^Hkkjrh; dU;k, * ls D;k RkRi;Z gS \ mudh dkSu&lh fo ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS \ [2] (ii) fdlus] fdldk oj.k fd;k Fkk \ ;g dk;Z fdldh vkKk ls gqvk vkSj D;ksa \ [2] 51 (iii) jkexqIr dkSu gS \ ;g fdldk ifr gksus ds ;ksX; ugha gS vkSj D;ksa \ le>kb,A [3] (iv) 'kdjkt dkSu Fkk \ mlus jkexqIr dh lsuk dks fdl izdkj ljyrk ls ?ksj fy;k \ le>kb, [3] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& (i) ^Hkkjrh; dU;k, * ls rkRi;Z Nk= fy[kus esa vleFkZ & v/;kid Nk=ksa dks miU;kl ds izR;sd jgsA vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us ek= /kzqoLokfeuh ds fo"k; v/;k; dk lfoLrkj v/;;u djk;saA esa gh fy[kkA cgqr lkjs Nk=ksa us nksuksa Hkkxksa dk m kj ,d gh fy[k fn;k fd ifr dk oj.k dsoy ,d gh &iz uksa ds m kj vius foosd ls nsus rFkk iz u ds fdlh Hkh Hkkx dks ugha NksM+us ckj djrh gSA fo ks"krkvksa dh vksj Hkh Bhd ls /;ku ds fy, Nk=ksa dks fo ks"k funsZ k nsuk ugha fn;kA pkfg,A (ii) bl iz u dk m kj vf/kdrj Nk=ksa us lgh fy[kkA ijUrq vkKk fdldh Fkh vkSj D;ksa bl fcUnq ij & miU;kl dks ckj&ckj i<+us ds fy, Nk=ksa dks funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A fo|kFkkhZ HkzfEkr jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us fy[kk fy[kk fd /kzqoLokfeuh dk oj.k jkexqIr us fd;k rFkk f k[kj & miU;kl i<+krs le; Hkkjrh; laLd`fr Lokeh dh vkKk ls fd;k tks iz u dk xyr m kj RkFkk mlls tqM+h fo ks"krkvksa o Fkk\ ekU;rkvksa dk Hkh l+a{ksi esa ifjp; nsuk pkfg,A (iii) vf/kdka k fo|kFkhZ bl iz u dk mRrj leqqfpr ns ik;sA jkexqIr uked ik= ls Nk= ifjfpr ik;s x;sA & miU;kl ds vk/kkj ij bfrgkl ds ,sls ogha dqN Nk= ,d gh ckr nksgjkrs jgsA lexzr% rF;ksa ls voxr djkuk pkfg, tks Nk=ksa Nk=ksa dk iz;kl ljkguh; jgkA ds fy, lgk;d lkfcr gksA (iv) bl iz u esa 'kdjkt dk ifjp; i`Fkd&i`Fkd feykA & pkfjf=r fo ks"krk crkusokys iz uksa dk vH;kl djokuk pkfg, rFkk rqyukRed vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fy[kkA jkexqIr dh O;k[;k djuk Hkh fl[kk;k tkuk pkfg,A lsuk dks 'kdjkt us fdl izdkj ljyrk ds ?ksj fy;k ;kfu iz u dk nwljk Hkkx vf/kdrj Nk= Li"V ugha & Nk=ksa dks fopkjkRed o fooj.kkRed dj ldsA iz uksa dk vf/kdkf/kd vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A &miU;kl ds izR;sd ?kVuk dks i<+us rFkk mls n;axe djus dk funsZ k fn;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls ?kVuk fo ks"k ds tqM+s iz uksa ds m kj vklkuh ls ns ldsaA 52 vad ;kstuk& u 9 (i) Hkkjrh; dU;kvksa ls rkRi;Z mu fL=;ksa ls gSa tks Hkkjr esa iy dj cM+h gqbZ gSa lkFk gh Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh /kjksgj gSaA Hkkjrh; dU;k thou esa ifr dk oj.k ,d ckj gh djrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ;fn oks fo/kok gks tkrh gS rks iqufoZokg ugha djrhA /kzoLokfeuh us nks o"kZ iwoZ panzxqIr dk oj.k fd;k Fkk tc leqnzxqIr us mu nksuksa ds fookg fd ?kks"k.kk fd FkhA vkt ifjfLFkfr;k ifjofrZr gks x;h gSA fons kh izHkko ds dkj.k vkt fookg esa mrus l[r fu;e ugha gSaA vkt ;fn fdlh dkj.ko k fookg VwV tk;s] rykd gks tk;s ;k fo/kok gks tk;s rks iqu% fookg dj fy;k tkrk gSA vr% vc Hkkjrh; dU;kvksa dk oks Hkko ugha jgkA thou ewY; Uk"V gksrs tk jgs gSa vkSj esjs fopkj ls blesa dqN xyr Hkh ugha gS ( D;ksafd le; ds vuqlkj euq"; dks cny tkuk pkfg,A (ii) /kzoLokfeuh us pUnzxqIr dk nks o"kZ igys oj.k fd;k FkkA /kzoLokfeuh ds firk dh lsuk lryqt unh ds fdukjs dbZ eghuksa ls ekspkZ ck /ks iM+h Fkh vkSj iwohZ fdukjs ij leqnzxqIr dh lsuk ftlds ;qojkt pUnzxqIr lsukifr FksA ewlyk/kkj o"kkZ ds dkj.k nksuksa f kojksa esa dhpM+] ikuh ls chekjh QSy xbZA ,d fnu vpkud lryqt ikj dj pUnzxqIr ds lSfudksa us /kzoLokfeuh ds firk dh lsuk ij vk e.k dj fn;kA mlds firk dks laf/k dk izLrko Hkstuk iM+kA ftldks pUnzxqIr us Lohdkj rks fd;k ij cnys isa /kzoLokfeuh dk gkFk ek x fy;kA lezkV leqnzxqIr us ;qojkt pUnzxqIr dh bl egku fot; ij izlUu gksdj /kzoLokfeuh dks migkj Lo:i mlh dks nsrs gq, mu nksuksa ds fookg dh ?kks"k.kk dhA bl izdkj ;g dk;Z firk dh vkKk ls gh gqvkA (iii) jkexqIr lezkV leqnzxqIr dk cMk+ gS] ftlus firk dh chekjh dk irk pUnzxqIr dks ugha fn;kA firk us vius jkT; dk mRrkf/kdkjh pUnzxqIr dks cuk;k FkkA jkexqIr us firk dh e`R;q rFkk pUnzxqIr ds Ukk gksus dk ykHk mBkdj jkT; ij vf/kdkj dj fy;k rFkk pUnzxqIr dh gksus okyh iRuh ls Hkh tcjnLrh fookg dj fy;kA og /kzoLokfeuh dk ifr gksus ;ksX; ugha gS] D;ksafd og dk;j gS uiqald gS vU;k;h gS ftlus vius firk dh bPNkvksa vkSj vkKkvksa dks Bqdjkdj vius NksVs HkkbZ ds vf/kdkj dks Nhuk gSA /kzoLokfeuh ds fy, pUnzxqIr TkSlk ohj ifr gh oj.k djus ;ksX; FkkA (iv) 'kdjkt [kkjosy FkkA og lezkV pUnzxqIr ds vk e.k vkSj mlls gksus okys fouk k dks ns[k pqdk FkkA og mldk cnyk jkexqIr ls ysuk pkgrk FkkA og d ehj dk jktk jgk FkkA mlus jkexqIr dk fe=rk dk lUns k Bqdjk fn;k FkkA jkexqIr us ftl LFkku ij lsuk dh Nkouh cukbZ Fkh] og LFkku rhu vksj ls ph& ph igkfM+;ksa ls f?kjk gqvk FkkA ,d vksj ls ckgj fudyus dk ekxZ FkkA NqViqV yM+kbZ gks jgh FkhA blh chp jkexqIr vkSj mldh lsuk tc igkfM+;ksa ls f?kjh Lo;a dks lqjf{kr eglwl dj jgh Fkh] 'kdjkt vkSj mldh lsuk us igkM+h dks Pkkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;k D;ksafd mudk fojks/k djus okyk ogk dksbZ ugha FkkA Question 10 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& 53 PkanzxqIr us pkSaddj iwNk vkSj >YykgV&Hkjs Loj esa cksyk & tc fouk k dky vkrk gS] cqf) u"V gks tkrh gSA (i) PkanzxqIr dkSu gS \ og fdlls rFkk dc ckr dj jgk gS \ (ii) PkanzxqIr ,slk D;ksa dgrk gS fd fouk k dky esa cqf) u"V gks tkrh gSA ;gk fdldh cqf) u"V gks x;h gS \ (iii) ,slk D;k gks jgk Fkk fd fouk k Rkd dh ckr lksph tk jgh Fkh \ (iv) izLrqr miU;kl ds vk/kkj ij fl) dhft, fd flagklu ij cSBus dk vf/kdkj dsoy ;ksX; vkSj ohj iq:"k dks gh gksrk gSA ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& (i) bl iz u dk m kj izk;% lHkh Nk=ksa us lgh fy[kkA pUnzxqIr dk ifjp; rks lVhd fn;k ijUrq og fdlls rFkk D;k ckr dj jgk gS bls vf/kdrj Nk= Li"V ugha dj ik;sA iz u ds nwljs Hkkx esa nsooekZ o nsolsuk dks ysdj Nk= nqfo/kk esa jgsA (ii) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us iz u dk m kj rks lgh fy[kk fdUrq dgha&dgha vfHO;fDr esa Li"Vrk ugha FkhA dgha&dgha ;g Hkh ik;k x;k fd iz u iwNk x;k fdlh vkSj v/;k; ls gS ysfdu Nk=ksa us m kj fy[kus dk iz;kl fd;k x;kA (iii) iz u 10 ds f}rh; ,oa r`rh; Hkkx esa lekurk gksus ds dkj.k m kj esa iqujko`f k dk vkHkkl gks jgk FkkA vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us lgh rFkk leqfpr m kj fy[kkA ogha dqN Nk= ?kVuk dk o.kZu djus esa vleFkZ jgsA (iv) ;|fi iz u dk m kj o.kZukRed Fkk rFkkfi fo|kfFZk;ksa us lgh m kj fy[kus dk iz;kl fd;kA dqN Nk= iz u dh xgjkbZ dks le> ugha ik, vkSj m kj fy[kus esa Hkzfer gks x,] ogha dqN Nk=ksa us flQZ jkexqIr dh dkyh djrwrksa dk o.kZu dj viw.kZ m kj fn;kA 54 [2] [2] [3] [3] & v/;kid miU;kl i<k+rs le; ukesa dks js[kkafdr djk;s arks Nk=ksa dks uke ;kn jgsxsaA & fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks leLr izk=ksa ds fo"k; esa foLrkj ls le>k;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd os fdlh my>u esa u iM+saA & miU;kl ds lHkh rF;ksa dks foLrkj ls le>k;k tk;s rFkk mu rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij vH;kl Hkh djk;k tkuk pkfg,A & miU;kl ds fdlh fo ks"k&fo ks"k vad dk eapu djkus ls Hkh RkF;ksa dks le>kuk rFkk ;kn j[kuk ljy gksrk gSA ,sls iz;kl Hkh fd, tkus pkfg,A & iz u ds lHkh Hkkxksa ds i`Fkd&i`Fkd m kj fy[kus dk vH;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,A rFkk eq[; fcUnq Hkh ;kn djokuk pkfg,A & miU;kl ds izR;sd lxZ ds vUrxZr of.Zkr ?kVuk dk Li"V RkkSj ij v/;;u djkuk pkfg,A & Nk=ksa dks ;g Li"V :Ik ls crkuk pkfg, fd iz u dk m kj fy[kus ds Ik pkr~ ,d ckj ljljh utj ls ns[k ysa fd dgha dqN NwV u x;k gksA & nks pfj=ksa dk rqyukRed O;k[;k }kjk Hkh iz uksa dks Li"V fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd bl izdkj ds m kj ljyrk ls fn, tk ldsaA vad ;kstuk& u 10 (i) pUnzxqIr lezkV leqnzxqIr dk NksVk iq= gS tks pUnzxqIr fo ekfnR; ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA og bl le; vius vfHkUuk fe= nsooekZ ls ckrsa dj jgs gSaA ;g nksuksa ml le; ckrsa dj jgs gSa tc mUgsa irk pyk fd vkt muds HkkbZ dh dk;jrk vkSj csodwfQ;ksa dh otg ls v[kaM Hkkjr fQj [kaM&[kaM gksrk ut+j vk jgk gSA rFkk 'kdjkt [kkjosy us [kks;s gq, d ehj gh ugha enz Hkh vf/kdkj dk fy;k gS vkSj ex/k lezkV 'kdjkt dh lHkh 'krsZa ekudj laf/k dj ysuk pkgrs gSaA (ii) pUnzxqIr tks bl miU;kl dk eq[; ik= gS] og dq ky ;ks)k] le>nkj] nwjn khZ] dq ky lapkyd gSA og ;g ckr blfy, dgrk gS fd tc fouk k dky vkrk gS rks cqf) u"V gks tkrh gS D;ksafd igys rks ex/k ds orZeku lezkV jkexqIr tks /kks[ksckt]+ dk;j] diVh gS] mlus vius firk dks ekjk] fQj NksVs HkkbZ dh okXnRrk ls tcju fookg fd;k iztk ij euekuk vR;kpkj fd;k vkZj vc ml Hkkjr dks [kaM&[kaM djus ij rqyk gqvk gS ftls muds firk us vFkd ifjJe ds n~okjk v[kafMr fd;k Fkk( D;ksafd og 'kdjkt [kkjosy ls d ehj dh laf/k djuk pkgrk gSA ;gk orZeku ex/k lezkV jkexqIr dh cqf) u"V gksus dh ckr dh tk jgh gS ( D;ksafd og xyfr;ksa ij xyfr;k fd;s tk jgk gSA (iii) ,slk ;g gks x;k Fkk tks fouk k dh ckr lksph tk jgh D;ksafd igys rks muds vU;k;] vR;kpkj vkSj dk;jrk ds dkj.k xqIr lkezkT; gh iru dh] dxkj ij [kM+k gks x;k Fkk vkSj xqIr lkezkT; gh D;k iwjk Hkkjr [kM+&[kM+ gksrk ut+j vk jgk Fkk rFkk d ehj tks Hkkjr dk fo ks"k vax gS] vax gh ugha f kjksHkkx gS ftls izkIr djus ds fy, muds firk leqnzxqIr us vius izk.kksa dh ckth yxk nh Fkh mls gh vkt dk;j] uiqald] jkexqIr 'kdjkt [kkjosy ds gkFkksa esa lkSaius tk jgs Fks vkSj ;fn ,slk gksrk rks v[kaM Hkkjr dk liuk lnk ds fy, u"V gks tkrkA (iv) jkt&flagklu o /kjrh dk jkT; ohjksa ds fy, gksrk gSA ^ohj HkksX;k olqU/kjk* ;fn dksbZ yqVsjk dk;j jkT;&y{eh ij vf/kdkj dk ysa] rks og Hkh l kDr o ohj O;fDr dks vius ij vklhu gksrs gq, ns[kuk pkgrk gSA ,dkadh lqeu Question 11 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& ;g rks viuh&viuh le> dh ckr gSA eSa rks dgw xk nksuksa us vDyeanh dhA yM+dh okyksa us Hkh vkSj yM+ds okyksa us HkhA bl eg xkbZ ds t+ekus esa lSdM+ksa dh ckjkr ysdj pyuk vDyeanh dh ckr ugha gSA & esy feyki & ys[kd& nsojkt fnus k i [2] oDrk dkSu gS \ og dSlk O;fDr gS \ 55 ii oDrk ds dFku ds m kj esa Jksrk us D;k dgk rFkk D;ksa \ [2] iii ;gk fdl ^vDyeanh* dh ckr dh tk jgh gS \ blds ek/;e ls gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS \ [3] iv) ^esy&feyki* gh LoLFk lekt dh jh<+ gS & bl fo"k; ij ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k;s [3] ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fy[kkA oDrk rFkk v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& Jksrk ds uke ij dqN Nk= Hkzfer FksA oDrk ds & ,dkadh dks ckj&ckj i<+us dk funsZ k fn;k uke ij ^iqjksfgr* 'kCn dk Hkh iz;ksx fd;k x;kA tkuk pkfg, rFkk ,d&,d ?kVuk dks n;xae dqN Nk=ksa us oDrk ^j?kqjkt* fy[kk D;ksafd mUgksaus djus ds fy, izsfjr djuk pkfg,A bl dFku dks eaxy dh csVh ds fookg dh ?kVuk ds & izeq[k pfj=ksa ds uke UkkVd esa fo ks"k :Ik lkFk tksM+ fn;kA tks xyr gSA ls crk, tkus pkfg, rFkk bl ckr dk ii vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us lgh m kj fy[kkA mu Nk=ksa fo ks"k funsZ"k fn;k tkuk pkfg, fd iz u dk us ftUgksaus igys iz u dk m kj xyr fy[kk mUgksaus m kj fy[krs le; oDrk rFkk Jksrk ds uke gh nwljs iz u dk Hkh m kj xyr fy[kkA lkFk gh t:j fy[ksaA ?kVuk dks Hkh Li"V RkkSj ij ugha fy[k ik;sA oSls & lUnHkZ ,oa lax lacU/kh uksa dk vH;kl Nk=ksa ds iz;kl ljkguh; jgsA ckj&ckj djokuk pkfg,A iii vf/kdrj fo|kfFk;ksa us larks"ktud m kj fn,A & Nk=ksa dks izR;sd iz u /;kuiwoZd i<+dj ^vDyeanh* dh ckr dk Hkh xgjkbZ ls Li"V fd;k le>rs gq, funsZ kkuqlkj m kj fy[kus dk x;kA gk ykfd dqN Nk= m kj nsus esa FkksM+s Hkzfer vH;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,A fn[kkbZ fn;sA ikB ls feyus okyh lh[k esa dsoy esy feyki ls jguk gh Li"V fd;kA vU; lh[kksa & v/;kid }kjk ikB ds izR;sd igyw dh fo ks"k O;k[;k gksuh pkfg,A dh dksbZ ppkZ ugha dh xbZA iv) bl iz u dk m kj o.kZukRed FkkA blesa Lo;a ds & izR;sd ,dkadh ls lkekU; Kku ds lEcfU/kr fopkj izdV djus FksA bls lkekU; Kku ds vk/kkj m kj fy[kus dk vH;kl djk;k tkuk pkfg,A ij gh fy[kk tk ldrk FkkA dqN Nk=ksa ds iz;kl rks ljkguh; jgs ij dqN Nk= Hkzfer Hkh jgsA os & ,dkadh vR;Ur ljy gSA d{kk esa dqN n` ;ksa vius fopkjksa dk Li"V ugha dj ik;sA Nk=ksa dh d eapu djok;k tkuk pkfg,A Hkk"kk esa mRd`"Vrk dk vHkko ik;k x;kA & Hkk"kk ,ao o kZuh lEcU/kh vH;kl Hkh ckj&ckj djok;k tkuk pkfg,A i vad ;kstuk& u 11 i izLrqr dFku dk oDrk ghjk iafMr gS tks xkao dk iqjksfgr gS ysfdu iafMrkbZ ugha djrk gS] [ksrh ckM+h dk dke djrk gSA og fd kuflag rFkk eaxyflag nksuksa dk gh fe= gSA og cgqr le>nkj] nwjn khZ rFkk esyfeyki esa fo okl j[kus okyk O;fDr gSA 56 ii Jksrk j?kqjkt ghjk iafMr ds dFku ds m kj esa ;g dgrk gS fd rqeus rks dle [kk j[kh gS fd kuflag dh rkjhQ djus dh] dgha vPNh nf{k.kk&of{k.kk rks ugha fey x;hA D;ksafd j?kqjkt ,d csdkj diVh O;fDr Fkk] og ghjk iafMr ;g lqudj ksf/kr gks tkrk gS vkSj og ks/k esa vk dj j?kqjkt flag ls dgrk gS fd rqe tSls gks oSlk gh nwljksa dks le>rs gksA iii ;gk yM+ds okyksa dh bl vDyeanh dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA fd mUgksaus dk ckjkr ykdj fQtqy [kphZ ij jksd yxkbZ FkhA xkao esa fd kuflag dh csVh dh 'kknh Fkh ftles yM+ds okys chl iPphl vknfe;ksa dh ckjkr ysdj vk;s Fks D;ksafd og le>nkj Fks blfy, mUgsa bl egaxkbZ ds t+ekus esa lSadMksa dh ckjkr ysdj pyuk ew[kZrk yxkhA Blds ek/;e ls gesa ;s lh[k feyrh gS fd fookg vkfn lekjksg esa nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls Qkyrw dk [kpZ djuk dksbZ vDyeanh ugha gksrh gSA iv esy feyki vFkkZr~ feytqy dj pyukA ;gh ,d LoLFk lekt dh igpku gksrh gS ( D;ksafd ogh jk"V ] ogh lekt] ogh ifjokj rjDdh djrk gS ftlesa HkkoukRed ,drk vFkkZr esy feyki gksrk gSA esy feyki ls jgus ls nq%[k vk/ks gks tkrs gS vksj lq[k nks xqus gks tkrs gSA euq"; ,d lkekftd izk.kh gS rFkk lekt esa esy feyki ls jgdj dh thou pyrk gS tSls izLrqr ,dakdh esa eaxyflag j?kqjkt tSls O;fDr ds dqlax esa iM+us ds dkj.k iqjs xk o dk nq eu cu cSBk rFkk esy feyki dh Hkkouk us mls bl nq%[k ls mckj fy;k rFkk fd kuflag dh csVh dh 'kknh Hkh xk o okyksa dh esy feyki dh Hkkouk ds dkj.k /kwe /kke ls lEiUu gks x;hA Question 12 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& egkjkt lc cankscLr vki gh ns[krs gSaA lkjh Q+kSt dks mrkjdj [kqn uko idM+saxsA bl mej esa vkSj ;g fgEer ! lquk gS] vLlh cjl ds gks pqdsA & fot; dh osyk& ys[kd& txnh k pnza ekFkqj i izLrqr dFku ds oDrk rFkk Jksrk dk ifjp; nhft,A [2] ii) egkjkt dkSu Fks \ ;q) ds ckjs esa muds D;k fopkj Fks \ [2] iii izLrqr ,dkadh dk mns~ ; Li"V dhft;sA [3] iv) izLrqr ,dkadh dh i`"BHkwfe Li"V djrs gq,] bldh eq[; fo ks"krk crkb,A [3] 57 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & i bl iz u dk m kj vf/kdka k fo|kfFkZ;ksa us lgh fy[kkA dqN fo|kFkhZ oDrk vkSj Jksrk ds uke ij Hkzfer jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us ifjp; esa dqN Hkh ugha fy[kkA pw fd uke esa Hkzfer Fks vr% ifjp; fy[kus esa Hkh laiw.kZrk fn[kkbZ ugha nhA ii) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fn;kA egkjkt ds fo"k; esa iw.kZ :Ik ls fy[kkA foLrkj ls lVhd ifjp; fn;kA ijUrq ;q) ds fo"k; esa muds D;k fopkj Fks bls Nk= Li"V ugha dj ldsA mudh ^;q)dyk* dk o.kZu Hkh dgha& dgha feyk ijUrq egkjkt ds vuqlkj ;q) gquj gS] dyk gS] ;g ugha fy[kkA iii) vf/kdka k Nk= ,dkadh ds mn~s ; dks Li"V djus esa vleFkZ jgsA fdlh us vk/kk lgh rks vk/kk xyr m kj fy[kkA rhljs o pkSFks m kj esa Nk=ksa dk lekurk izrhr gqbZ vr% cgqr lkjs Nk= vleatl dh fLFkfr esa jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us ckj&ckj ns k izse 'kCn dh iqujko`f k dhA iv) vf/kdka k fo|kFkhZ ,dkadh dh i`"BHkwfe Li"V ugha dj ik;sA fo"k; ds izfr mudh Li"Vrk viw.kZ jghA dqN Nk=ksa us iz;kl fd;k ysfdu Hkzfer gksus ds dkj.k mn~s ; dks gh fy[k fn;kA ,dkadh dh fo ks"krk crkus esa Hkh Nk= vleFkZ jgsA fo ks"krk ds e esa Hkh ^ns k izse* kCn dh ppkZ ckj&ckj dhA v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & d{kk esa ikB dks Li"V :Ik ls le>k;k tkuk pkfg,A & ,dkadh ds iBu ls iwoZ Nk=ksa dk ifjp; fn;k tk;s rFkk muls tqM+s lHkh rF; Li"V fd, tk;sA & ,dkadh ds eq[; fcUnqvksa dks js[kakfdr djkdj mudk vFkZ Li"V djk;k tkuk pkfg,A & eq[; ik= dk ifjp; o pfj=&fp=.k fo ks"k :Ik ds djokuk pkfg,A & ,dkadh esa mn~s ;] f k"kZd dh lkFkZdrk rFkk ,dakdh dk dsfUnz; Hkko bu lcdk vH;kl d{kk esa djok, tkus pkfg,A & bfrgkl ls tqM+h dgkfu;ksa o ikBksa dks i<+kus ls iwoZ mldh i`"BHkwfe vo ; crkbZ tkuh pkfg,A & dfBu 'kCnksa ds vFkZ ikB i<+krs le; Li"V fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & i`"BHkwfe] mn~s ;] fo ks"krk bR;kfn 'kCnksa esa vUrj crk;k tkuk pkfg,A & d{kk esa dqN iz u nsdj fopkj&foe kZ djuk pkfg, rFkk o.kZukRed iz uksa ds m kj Hkh fy[kokus dk vH;kl djk;k tk;sA vad ;kstuk& u 12 i izLrqr dFku dk oDrk Hkhek eYykg gS tks ,d dq ky eYykg gS rFkk egkjkt dq ojflag dk fo oklik= rFkk lPpk HkDr gSA Jksrk ukFkw ljnkj gS tks f kokiqj ?kkV ij eYykgksa dk ljnkj gS rFkk egkjkt dq ojflag dk fo oklizk= HkDr gSA ii egkjkt 1857 ds xnj ds lsukuh Fks rFkk fcgkj es txnh kiqj ds egkjkt FksA os ,d dq ky ;ks)k Fks] ;q) ds fo"k; esa muds fopkj Fks fd ;q) ,d gquj gS] dyk gSA vk [k ew n dj 'k=q ls fHkM+ tkuk ;q) dyk ugha gSaA vlyh gqquj 'krjath pkyksa ls ekr ij ekr nsus esa gSA fQjafx;ksa dks ew[kZ cukus esa ;k Ndkus esa tks vkuan vkrk gS] mlds vkxs ckdh lHkh vkuan Qhds gSaA 58 iii fot; dh csyk ,dakdh dk mns~ ; ikBdksa ds eu esa ns k HkfDr] ns k izes rFkk ns k ds fy, loZL; U;kSNkoj djus dh Hkkouk dks tkx`r djuk gSA mu 'kghnksa dks ;kn djuk Hkh mns~ ; gS ftUgksaus viuk iwjk thou ns k dks Lora= djkus rFkk vaxzstksa dks ijkftr djus esa gh fcrk fn;k rFkk ;g Hkkouk tkx`r djuk fd ns k dh Lora=rk ls cM+k dksbZ lq[k ugha gSA lu~ 1857 esa blh Hkkouk ls izsfjr gksdj vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ ;q) dk vkxkt+ fd;k Fkk ftlesa vkt+knh ds nhokuksa us viuk rue u /ku U;ksNkoj dj fn;k FkkA dq ojflag Hkh mUgh esa ls ,d Fks ftUgksaus viuh vk;q] vius 'kjhj dh ijokg fd;s fcuk thou ds vafre le; rd ;q) fd;k FkkA iv izLrqr ,dakdh dh i`"BHkwfe ,sfrgkfld gSA lu~ 1857 esa vaxzsth 'kklu ds fo:) ns k esa fonzksg dh vkx HkM+d mBh FkhA vkt+knh ds nhokus viuk ru&eu&/ku U;kSNkoj djus ds fy, fudy iMs+ FksA vkt+knh ds mu nhokuksa esa vkjk fcgkj ds jktk dq ojflag tks vLlh o"kZ ds Fks mUgksaus vaxzsth 'kklu dh bZaV ls bZaV ctk nh Fkh vkSj fQjafx;ksa dks vius {ks= ls Hkkxus ds fy, foo k dj fn;k FkkA lkFk gh LkkFk bldh ;g Hkh fo ks"krk Fkh fd bl yM+kbZ esa tulkekU; us tSls lsB jS;r] eYykg] fdlku] lHkh us fey dj vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ NsMs+ x, fonzksg esa viuh tku dh ijokg fd;s fcuk c<+ Pk<+ dj Hkkx fy;k FkkA 'kkld tu&lkekU; ds Hkjiwj lg;ksx ls gh fo"k; gkfly djrk gS & ;gh Hkko bl ,dakdh dh eq[; fo ks"krk gSA Question 13 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr x|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& ogk ugha] vkidks esjs lkFk pyuk gSA vkidks turk ds ikl pyuk gSA turk cM+h m kstuk esa gS fo|kFkhZ ihNs jg x;s] nwljs lektnzksgh rRo vkxs vk x, gSa vkSj fot; us xksyh pykus ls budkj dj fn;k gSA** &lhek js[kk& ys[kd& fo".kq izHkkdj (i) oDrk rFkk Jksrk dk ifjp; nhft,A [2] (ii) Jksrk dgk tk jgk Fkk ,oa D;ksa \ [2] (iii) lhek js[kk ,dakdh ds 'kh"kZd dk vkSfpR; Li"V dhft;sA [3] (iv) ikfjokfjd lEcU/kksa dh vis{kk drZO;&ikyu vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gksrk gS & izLrqr dFku dk vk/kkj cukdj ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k,A [3] 59 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) vf/kdak k Nk= leqfpr m kj nsus esa leFkZ jgsA iz u lh/kk o ljy Fkk rFkk iz u esa fot; uke vkus ds dkj.k vf/kdrj Nk=ksa dks fdlh izdkj dh leL;k ugha gqbZA dqN fo|kFkhZ dfri; oDrk rFkk Jksrk ds uke ls Hkzfer jgsA (ii) vf/kdak k fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk iz;kl ljkguh; jgkA tks fo|kFkhZ oDrk o Jksrk ds uke ls Hkzfer Fks mUgha Nk=ksa us =qfV dhA dqN Nk=ksa us ^dgk * dk uke xyr fy[kk rks dqN ^D;ksa* dk lVhd m kj fy[kus esa vleFkZ jgsA (iii) iz u lh/kk Fkk blfy, vf/kdak k us m kj lVhd ,ao mfpr fy[kkA cgqr de ,sls Nk= Fks ftUgsa ^vkSfpR;* 'kCn dk vFkZ le>us esa dfBukbZ gqbZ ftlls os m kj Li"V ugha dj ik;sA (iv) iz u lkekU; Kku ij vk/kkfjr Fkk ijUrq le> ds dkj.k vf/kdak k Nk= bldk Bhd&Bhd m kj u ns ik,A vf/kdak k Nk=ksa us dFku dk Li"Vhdj.k ,dakdh ds vk/kkj ij ugha fd;kA ogha dqN fo|kfFkZ;kas us ,dakdh dks gh dsoy vk/kkj cuk;k A nksuksa gh izdkj ds m kj v/kwjs ls izrhr gq,A v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>kko& & Nk=ksa dks ,dkadh esa of.kZr ,d&,d ik= fo ks"kdj oDrk rFkk Jksrk dh Hkwfedk dk egRo crk;k tk;sA & izR;sd ,dkadh dks vkjaHk djus ls iwoZ eq[; ik=ksa dk ifjp; o pfj=&fp=.k d{kk esa ckj&ckj djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & iz uksa dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj lgh m kj fy[kus ds fy, Nk=ksa dks izsfjr djsa o vH;kl djk;saA & izR;sd ,dkadh esa 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk vo ; Li"V dh tkuh pkfg,A & ,dakdh ds izR;sd igyw dk ifjp; nsrs le; Nk=ksa dks mlesa fNis gq, ewy Hkkoksa dk cks/k djk;k tk;sA & rqyukRed v/;;u ds lEcfU/kr o.kZukRed iz uksa ds m kj fy[kus dk vH;kl djokuk vko ;d gSA & 'kh"kZd dk vkSfpR;] f k{kk rFkk mn~s ;] bl izdkj ds fo"k;ksa ij d{kk esa foLrkj ls ppkZ dh tkuh pkfg,A & Nk=ksa dh dYiuk 'kfDr rFkk jpukRedrk ds vuqlkj d{kk esa Hkh bl izdkj ds iz u nsdj vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A vad ;kstuk& u 13 (i) izLrqr dFku dk oDrk lqHkk"k gS tks pkjksa Hkkb;ksa esa lcls NksVk gS] mldh vk;q 44 o"kZ gS rFkk tu usrk gS ,oa Jksrk nwljs uacj dk HkkbZ gS tks miea=h gS mldk uke 'kjrpUnz gS ml dh vk;q 52 gS] ;g vk/kqfud usrk gSA (ii) miea=h ftldk uke 'kjrpanz gS] ;g dFku dk Jksrk gS og bl le; turk ds ikl u tkdj eaf=eaMy dh cSBd esa tkus dh rS;kjh dj jgs FksA D;ksafd og ,d LokFkhZ balku gS] tc mls oksV pkfg, Fks rc oks turk ds ikl oksV ek xus x, ysfdu vkt tc turk dks mudh vko ;drk gS rks og muds ikl u tk dj eaf=eaMy dh cSBd esa tk jgs gSaA 60 (iii) lhek js[kk ,dakdh dk 'kh"kZd loZFkk mi;qDr gS bl ,dakdh esa izkjaHk ls ysdj var rd ;gh crk;k x;k gS fd tura= esa turk vkSj ljdkj ds chp dksbZ foHktu lhek js[kk ugha gksrh gSA ,dakdh ds izkjaHk esa iqfyl n~okjk lhek js[kk dk mYya?ku djrs gq, turk ij xksyh pykuk rFkk ,dakdh ds e/; esa turk dk viuh lhek js[kk dk mYya?ku dj gM+rkysa rksM+ QksM+ bR;kfn djuk fn[kk;k x;k gS ,oe ,dakdh ds var esa Hkh nksuksa ds lhek js[kk dk mYya?ku djus ds dkj.k ljdkj rFkk turk dks ,d vPNk Ukxkfjd ,d usrk rFkk ,d iqfyl vf/kdkjh [kksuk iM+k bl izdkj bl ,dakdh dk 'kh"kZd mfpr gSA (iv) izLrqr ,dakdh esa ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd ikfjokfjd lEcU/kksa dh vis{kk ;fn O;fDr vius d kZO; ikyu dh fn kk esa n`<+rk iwoZd vxzlj gks rks orZeku dky esa O;kIr leLr leL;kvksa dk lek/kku gks ldrk gSA lekt ds lHkh oxZ ;fn vius vius d kZO;ksa dk ikyu djsa rks foHkktd js[kk, vkM+s ugha vkrhA dkO; PkfUnzdk Question 14 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that followfuEufyf[kr i|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& ,slh ok.kh cksfy,] eu dk vkik [kksbA viuk ru 'khry djs] vkSju dks lq[k gksbAA dLrwjh dqaMfy cls] e`x <w <s cu ek fgA ,sls ?kfV&?kfV jke gSa] nqfu;k ns[ks ukfgAA frudk dcgq u fufUn,] tks ik;u rj gks;A dcgq d mfM+ vk f[ku ijS] ihj ?kusjh gks;AA &uhfr ds nksgs& dfo&dchj nkl i dfo dSlh cksyh cksyus ds fy, izsfjr dj jgs gSa] blls D;k ykHk gksrk gS \ [2] ii dLrqjh e`x ds ek/;e ls dfo ekuo eu ds fdl vKku dk o.kZu dj jgs gSa \ Li"V dhft;sA [2] iii fruds tSlh NksVh pht+ dk fujknj D;ksa ugha djuk pkfg, \ ,slk djus ls D;k gkfu gksrh gS \ [3] iv dchjnkl th fdl HkfDr&/kkjk ds dfo Fks \ muds fo"k; esa ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k;sA [3] 61 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & i izk;% lHkh fo|kfFk;ksa us Li"V ,oa lVhd m kj fy[ksA dqN Nk=ksa us ^ehBh* ds LFkku ij vPNh Hkh fy[kkA mls Li"V vPNh rjg ls fd;kA dqN Nk= cksyh dk YkkHk iw.kZ :Ik ls Li"V djus esa vLkeFkZ Hkh jgsA ii ;g iz u FkksM+k nk kZfud Fkk fQj Hkh Nk=ksa us vPNk iz;kl fd;kA dqN Nk=ksa us xyr m kj fy[ksA ^dLrwjh* dgk gksrh gS blesa Hkh Nk= Hkzfer fn[kkbZ fn,A dLrwjh e`x ds ek/;e ls rqyukRed v?;;u }kjk leqfpr m kj nsus dk Hkh iz;kl fd;k x;kA dqN Nk= ekuo eu ds vKku dk Li"Vhdj.k ugha dj ik;sA iii bl iz u dk vf/kdak k Nk=ksa us lgh m kj fy[kkA dqN Nk=ksa us la{ksi esa m kj fy[k fn;kA ogha dqN us Hkko dk o.kZu ugha fd;k fd NksVs O;fDr dk fujknj ugha djuk pkfg,A ek= fruds dk gh o.kZu dj NksM+ fn;kA iv dckhj dh HkfDr /kkjk dk Kku vf/kdak k fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ugha Fkk blfy, bls Li"V djus esa vLkeFkZ jgsA cgqr lkjs Nk=ksa us budh /kkjk lxq.k crkdj lwjnkl dk ifjp; fy[k fn;kA d`".k dh Hkh ppkZ dhA dqN Nk= vuqPNsn ys[ku dk vFZk Hkh ugha le> ik;sA lgh vkdyu ls ns[kk tk, rks dqN gh Nk= bldk lE;d m kj ns ik;sA v/;kidksa & dkO; esa v/;;u & dfork lekurk pkfg,A ds fy, lq>ko& uhfgr Hkk"kk ,ao Hkkoksa dk xgu vko ;d gS bls d{kk esa djk;saA esa rqyukRed n`f"Vdks.k ls vkSj vUrj dks Li"V fd;k tkuk & izR;sd nksgs dk vFkZ foLrkj ds crk;k tkuk pkfg, RkFkk vko ;drk le>dj mnkgj.k ds lkFk Li"V djuk pkfg,A & Hkkoksa dh vfHkO;fDr dk fujarj vH;kl djuk pkfg,A & Nk=ksa dks Li"V crk;k tkuk pkfg, fd nksgksa ;k dfork Hkko ;k vU;kFkZ Hkh fy[kuk pkfg, blls vFkZ vf/kd Li"V gksrk gSA & HkfDrdky ds dfo;ksa dh jpuk i<+krs le; mudh HkfDr dh /kkjk vo ; Li"V dh tkuh pkfg,A bls vko ;d le>dj ckj&ckj bl ij izdk k Mkyuk pkfg,A & dfork i<+kus ls iwoZ dfo dk ifjp; o mudk dky vo ; crk;k tkuk pkfg,A Nk=ksa dks ;g izsfjr djuk pkfg, fd os dfo ifjp; n;xae dj ysaA & Nk=ksa dks HkokFkZ fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg, RkFkk mudh ys[ku {kerk lq/kkjus dk iz;kl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vad ;kstuk& u 14 i dfo euq"; dks lnk ehBh ok.kh cksyus ds fy, izsfjr dj jgk gSaA bl ls ;g ykHk gksrk gS fd gekjk dksbZ 'k=q ugha gksrk rFkk gekjk eu rks izlUu jgrk gh gS lkFk gh lkFk vkSjksa dks Hkh gekjs n~okjk [kq kh gh feyrh gSA ii dLrqjh e`x dh ukfHk esa vR;kf/kd lqxfU/kr inkFkZ dLrqjh fojkteku jgrh gS ysfdu og vius vKku ds dkj.k ml [kq kcw dks igpku ugha ikrk gS mlh izdkj ls euq"; Hkh vKkuh gksrk gS] izHkq dk okl ml ds vareZu esa gksrk gS ysfdu og vius vKku ds dkj.k mUgsa ns[k ugha ldrk vkSj muds n kZuksa ds fy, eafnj efLtn xq:n~okjs PkpZ bR;kfn esa HkVdrk fQjrk gSA 62 iii vf/kdak k euq";ksa dh izo`f k gksrh gS fd og NksVh& NksVh pht+ksa dh cgqr mis{kk djrs gS tcfd ,slk ugha djuk pkfg, D;ksafd dbZ ckj NksVh pht+ gekjs vf/kd dke vkrh gS vkSj irk ugha dc ;g fruds tSlh pht+ mM+dj gekjh vk [kksa esa fxj tk;s] rks gesa vR;f/kd ihM+k Hkh gks ldrh gSA gj oLrq o O;fDr egRoiw.kZ gSA iv dchj nkl th fuxqZ.k HkfDr/kkjk ds dfo Fks muds jke n kjFk ds iq= jke ugha cfYd jerkjke Fks tks ,d bZ oj gS vkSj lHkh ds n; esa fuokl djrs gSA dgrs gSa muds tUe ds fo"k; esa fdlh dks lgh <ax ls irk ugha Fkk D;ksafd muds ekrk firk us mudks ygjrkjk unh ds fdukjs izkIr fd;k FkkA ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd dckhjnkl th vui<+ Fks] og ,d ?kqEkDdM+ lar Fks] muds fopkjksa ls yksx cgqr izHkkfor jgrs Fks vkSj ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd cgqr ls yksx muds lsod cu x, vkSj muds n~okjk dgh xbZ ckrsa nksgksa ds :i esa Li"V dj nhA blfy, buds nksgksa dh Hkk"kk iapesy f[kpM+h gksrh FkhA buds n~okjk dgh xbZ Kku dh ckrsa vkt Hkh mruh lVhd RkFkk lkFkZd gSa ftruh o"kksZa igys gksrh FkhA Question 15 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr i|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& {kq/kkFkZ jafrnso us fn;k djLFk Fkky Hkh] rFkk n/khfp us fn;k ijkFkZ vfLFktky HkhA m kkhuj f{krh k us Loekal nku Hkh fd;k] lg"kZ ohj d.kZ us 'kjhj PkeZ Hkh fn;kA vfuR; nsg ds fy, vukfn tho D;k Mjs] ogh euq"; gS fd tks euq"; ds fy, ejsA &ekuork& dfo&eSfFkyh kj.k xqIr i) ;g dfork dgk ls yh x;h gS \ blds ek/;e ls dfo us fdu thou&ewY;ksa dk o.kZu fd;k gS \ [2] ii ^n/khfp* dkSu Fks \ mUgksaus ekuork dk ifjp; fdl izdkj fn;k Fkk \ [2] iii vfuR; nsg ds fy, vukfn tho D;k Mjs & iafDr dk Hkko Li"V dhft;sA [3] iv ^ekuork* ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \ bl dfork ls vkidks D;k izsj.kk feyh \ [3] 63 ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & i) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us m kj lgh fy[kk ijUrq iz u ds izFke Hkkx dks Li"V ugha dj ik;sA iqLrd dk uke fy[kk ijUrq ^Hkkjr Hkkjrh* jpuk ls vufHkK fn[kkbZ fn,A ii vf/kdak k fo|kFkhZ ^_f"k n/khfp* o muds }kjk fd, x, R;kx ls ifjfpr Fks vr% mUgksaus leqfpr m kj fn;kA dqN Nk=ksa us R;kx dks Li"V :Ik ls ugha fy[kkA dqN us R;kx rks fy[kk ij ekuork 'kCn ls Hkzfer fn[kkbZ fn,A iii vf/kdak k Nk= bl iz u dk lVhd m kj ugha fy[k ik;sA iz u esa iwNs x;s iafDr dk Hkko fy[kus esa vf/kdak k fo|kFkhZ Hkzfer jgsA dqN Nk=ksa us dsoy 'kkfCnd vFkZ fy[k fn;kA ^vfuR;* vkSj ^vukfn* 'kCn cPpksa dks dfBu yxs blfy, iwNh xbZ iafDr dk Hkko Li"V djus esa Nk= vleFkZ jgsA iv iz u ds izFke Hkkx dk m kj vf/kdak k Nk=ksa us lgh fy[kkA gk ykfd nksuksa gh iz u lh/ks ,ao ljy Fks ij Nk=ksa }kjk Li"V m kj ugha feykA dqN Nk=ksa us iz u ds izFke Hkkx dk m kj fcYdqy ugha fy[kkA dfork ls feyus okyh iszj.kk dks vf/kdrj Nk= Li"V ugha dj ldsA 64 v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & dfork i<+krs le; 'kkfCnd vFkZ gh ugha] mlesa fufgr ewyHkko Hkh Li"V fd, tk,A & dfork ;fn fdlh vkSj xzaFk ls mn~?k`r gks rks ml xzaFk dk Hkh ifjp; fn;k tkuk pkfg,A & dfork ls lEcfU/kr lUnHkZ o izlax dks iw.kZ :Ik ls Li"V djds le>kuk pkfg,A & egkiq:"kksa ls lEcfU/kr R;kx] cfynku dh vUrZdFkk, vo ; Li"V dh tkuh pkfg,A & dfork i<+krs le; vusd ckj mlesa fNis Hkkoksa dks Nk=ksa rd dbZ mnkgj.kksa }kjk igq pk;k tkuk pkfg,A & nSfud thou esa fd, x, NksVs&NkVs mnkgj.kksa }kjk Hkh Nk=ksa dks le>k;k tk, o vPNs dk;Z djus ds fy, iszfjr fd;k tk,A & dfork ls izkIr gksus okyh izsj.kk dk fo ys"k.k i<+krs le; Hkyh&Hkk fr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & ,sls lUnHkksZa ls tqM+s iz u d{kk esa nsdj ckj&ckj mldk vH;kl djok;k tkuk pkfg,A vad ;kstuk& u 15 i izLrqr dfork Hkkjr Hkkjrh uked jpuk esa ls yh xbZ gS] bl ds ek/;e ls vrhr ds xkSjo xku] Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh xfjek jk"V izse vkSj mnk k rFkk 'kk or thou ewY;ksa dh xfjek dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gS rFkk bl ds ek/;e ls ekuoizse rFkk lgkuqHkwfr gh Js"B /keZ gksrk gS bl dk Hkh ikB i<+k;k x;k gSA ii n/khfp ,d _f"k Fks tks ljLorh unh ds rV ij jgrs FksA izkphu ;qxksa esa nsorkvksa vkSj jk{klksa esa fujarj la?k"kZ pyrk gh jgrk FkkA oz=klqj vlqjksa dk usrk Fkk nsork ?kcjk dj cz ek th ds ikl igqaps ogk viuh O;Fkk lqukbZA cz ek th us dgk fd ljLorh unh ds rV ij jgus okys n/khfp ls izkFkZuk djks os viuh vfLFk;k nku esa ns nsaA muls ,d otz uked vL= cusxk ftlls o`=klqj dks ekjk tk ldsxkA tc banz us iwNk fd ge vfLFk;k ekaxsxs dSls rc cz ek th us dgk fd n/khfp dk tUe ijksidkj ds fy, gh gqvk gSA rc banz vkfn nsork n/khfp ds ikl x, vkSj mUgsa viuh lkjh dFkk lqukbZA banz us dgk o`=klqj dsor vkidh vfLFk;ksa ds cuk;s otz ls gh ej ldrk gS ;g lqudj _f"k cksys fd esjk thou /kU; gks x;kA mUgksaus rHkh vius izk.kksa dk lg"kZ R;kx dj fn;k rc nsorkvksa us mudh vfLFk;ksa ls otz uked vL= cuk;k vkSj jk{klksa ds lkFk ;q) fd;k bl izdkj n/khfp ds midkj ls o``=klqj uked jk{kl dk var gks x;kA iii ;g gekjk 'kjhj vfuR; gS vFkkZr~ lnk jgus okyk ugha gS] blfy, lnk jgus okyh vkRek dks 'kjhj ds u"V gksus ds Hk; ls Hk;Hkhr ugha gksuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ euq"; dks bl 'kjhj ds u"V gksus dk Hk; ls u Mjrs gq, lnSo nwljksa dh HkykbZ djuh pkfg, D;ksafd lPpk euq"; ogh gksrk gS tks nwljksa fd HkykbZ ds fy, viuk thou lefiZr dj nsrk gSA D;ksafd euq"; dgykus dk vf/kdkjh gksrk gS tks nwljksa ds fy, vius izk.k U;kNkoj dj nsrk gSA iv ekuork dk ewy gS & lgkuqHkwafr ,oa ekuo izes ijksidkj dh Hkkouk ls iw.kZ gksuk ,d lPps euq"; dk /keZ gksrk gSA bl dfork ls LokFkZ R;kx dj ijksidkj djus dh] lEiw.kZ fo o dsa vkRe Hkko Hkjus] dh e`R;q ds Hk; dks R;kx dj ijksidkj djus dh] mnkj cuus dh] /ku dk ykHk R;kxus dh] bZ oj ij vkLFkk j[k feytqy dj vkxs c<+us dh] fo/uksa dk izlUurk ls lkeuk djus dh izjs.kk feyrh gSA Question 16 Read the extract given below and answer in Hindi the questions that follow: fuEufyf[kr i|ka k dks if<+, vkSj mlds uhps fn;s x, iz uksa ds m kj fgUnh esa fyf[k,%& rw r:.k ns k ls iwN] vjs] xw tk ;g dSlk /oal&jkx \ vacqf/k&varLry chp fNih ;g lqyx jgh gS dkSu vkx \ izkph ds izkax.k&chp ns[k] 65 ty jgk Lo.kZ&;qx&vfXu&TokyA rw flagukn dja tkx] rihA esjs uxifr ! esjs fo kkyA &fgeky;& dfo& jke/kkjh flag fnudj (i) ^r:.k ns k* dk lUnHkZ Li"V djrs gq, fyf[k;s fd ;gk fdl ^/oal jkx* dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA [2] (ii) ^ty jgk Lo.kZ&;qx&vfXu&Toky* dk vfHkizk; Li"V dhft,A [2] (iii) fgeky; dk Hkkjr dh lH;rk vkSj laLd`fr ls D;k lEcU/k gS \ fgeky; dks lqjf{kr j[kuk vkt ds ;qx dh izkFkfedrk D;ksa gS \ [3] (iv) 'kCnkFkZ nhft, %& Flagukn] vacqf/k] /oal] izkph] lqyxuk] Lo.kZA ijh{kdksa dh fVIif.k;k & (i) vf/kdka k Nk=ksa us xyr m kj fy[kkA dqN Nk= rks iz u ds nksuksa Hkkx esa Hkzfer jgsA vf/kdak k Nk= ^r:.k ns k* dk lanHkZ Li"V ugha dj ik;s vkSj u gh ;s crk ik;s fd ;gk fdl ^/oal&jkx* dh ckr dh xbZ gSA ns k dh ifjfLFkfr ds Kku dk loZFkk vHkko fn[kkbZ fn;kA iz u dks Nk= le> gh ugha ik;sA (ii) cgqr de Nk= bl iafDr ds Hkko dks Li"V dj ik;sA Lo.kZ ;qx ds Kku dk vHkko Li"V :Ik ls n`f"Vxr gqvkA dqN Nk=ksa us iz;kl fd;kA os vFkZ Li"V Hkh dj ik;s ij ^ty jgk Lo.kZ&;qx vfXu Toky* dk vfHkizk; Li"V djus esa vleFkZ jgsA (iii) bl iz u dk m kj dqN feyk&tqyk jgkA iz u ds izFke Hkkx dks de Nk= gh Li"V dk ik;sA lH;rk ,ao laLd`fr 'kCn ls Nk= vufHkK fn[kkbZ fn,A dqN Nk=ksa ds m kj esa fgeky; ls lEcfU/kr foLr`r Kku fn[kkbZ iM+kA dqN iz u ds nwljs Hkkx dk m kj ugha ns ldsA (iv) lHkh 'kCnksa ds lgh vFkZ fdlh Hkh Nk= us ugha fy[kkA izkph 'kCn dk vFkZ cgqr de Nk=ksa us fy[kkA vf/kdak k us lqyxuk dk vFkZ tyuk ;k vkx dh yiVsa fy[kkA 'kCnkFkZ fy[kus esa o kZuh lEcfU/kr v kqf};k cgqr ik;h x;hA 66 [3] v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & dfork i<+krs le; mldh izR;sd iafDr dk lanHkZ vFkZ ,ao Hkko Nk=ksa ds le{k Li"V fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & bl izdkj ds fDy"V 'kCnksa rFkk izLkaxksa dk d{kk esa vH;kl RkFkk iqujko`f k Hkh vo ; djok;k tkuk pkfg,A & dfork dh O;k[;k o izR;sd iafDr ds 'kkfCnd vFkZ rFkk fufgr Hkko nksuksa dk Li"Vhdj.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A & bl izdkj dh dfork i<+krs le; ns k dh rRdkyhu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk Hkh ifjp; nsuk pkfg,A & ml le; dkSu lh leL;k, lj mBk;s [kM+ha Fkh RkFkk fdl izdkj mles ge tw> jgs FksA bldh tkudkjh Hkh vo ; nsuh pkfg,A & ns k dh vku&Ckku o 'kku ns k dh ufn;k ioZr o izkd`frd /kjksgjksa ds fo"k; esa foLrkj ls crk;k tk,A v/;kidksa ds fy, lq>ko& & 'kCnkFkZ ij Nk=ksa dk ckj&ckj /;ku dsfUnzr djkuk pkfg,A 'kCnkFkZ ;kn djds fy[kus dk Hkh vH;kl djokuk pkfg,A 'kCnkFkZ ;kn gksus ls vFkZ rFkk HkkokFkZ dks vf/kd Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA vad ;kstuk& u 16 (i) ^r:.k ns k* dk rkRi;Z ;qokjk"V vFkkZr~ gky esa Lora= gq, jk"V ls Hkh gSA ^r:.k ns k* vFkkZr~ ns k dh ;qok kfDr tks fdlh Hkh ns k dh jh<+ gksrh gS mu ls vaxzstksa n~okjk ns k dk fouk k dj nsus ds jkx dh ckr dh tk jgh gS D;ksafd vaxzst gekjs ns k ij vR;kpkj fd;s tk jgs gSa vkSj ns k ds ;qok ml fouk k ds f[kykQ dqN vkokt+ ugha mBk jgs gSaA ,slk djus ds ihNs mudk D;k mns~ ; gS \ dfo muls ;g tkuuk pkgrs gSaA ;gk fo?kVudkjh r oksa dh lf ;rk ds ^/oal jkx* dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA (ii) iwoZ fn kk ds vkxu esa ns[k tks maxrk gqvk lw;Z Lo.kZ ds leku ihyh ihyh fdj.k QSykdj yksxksa esa tkx`fr Hkj nsrk FkkA og fdj.ksa vkt vkx dh yiVksa ds leku lc dqN tyrh gqbZ lh izrhr gks jgh gSa vFkkZr~ ftl lEink] ftl oSHko ds fy, Hkkjr izfl) Fkk og lc u"V gksrk gqvk lk izrhr gks jgk gS Hkkjr dk LofeZu ;qx u"V gks x;k gSA (iii) Hkkjr ds fy, fgeky; 'kku gS] tku gS] j{kd gS] iks"kd gS] ;fn fgeky; u gksrk rks if pe ns kksa ls vkus okyh lnZ gok, Hkkjr dks dHkh dk ladV esa Mky ldrh FkhA blls cgus okyh ufn;k Hkkjr ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa tkdj /ku /kkU; ls Hkj dj Hkkjrokfl;ksa dks iks"k.k iznku djrh gSA blh ls cgus okyh ufn;ksa ds fdukjksa ij cls ifo= rhFkZ LFky gekjh laLd`fr ds iks"kd gSA Hkxoku f ko dk dSyk k tks gekjs iqjk.ksa esa vafdr gS og ;gh fojkteku gSA ;g 'k=qvksa ls gekjh j{kk dk dop Hkh gSA ;g ioZrksa dk jktk fgeky; ge Hkkjrokfl;ksa dh vku] cku rFkk 'kku gS blfy, bls gekjk 'kr 'kr ueu gSA (iv) 'kCn %& flagukn & 'ksj ds leku vkokt+ vacqf/k & leqnz /oal & izkph & lqyxuk Lo.kZ & fouk k iwoZ fn kk & /khjs&/khjs tyuk lksuk 67 fo"k; tks ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, dfBu@vLi"V jgs& iz u&1 fucU/k ds dbZ fcUnq FksA Nk=ksa us lHkh fcUnqvksa dh ij /;ku ugha fn;k rFkk mfpr jhfr ls fy[kk Hkh ughaA (i flQZ ik pkR; laLd`fr dk o.kZu fd;k] rqyuk Hkh ugha dh x;khA (ii gkL; lEcU/kh ?kVuk, cgqr de ik;h x;hA (iii dgkuh ys[ku esa ekSfydrk dk loZFkk vHkko ik;k x;kA ^ekSfyd* 'kCn ls fo|kFkhZ vutku fn[ksA (iv Nk= fp= le>us esa vleFkZ yxsA ukjh dh fLFkfr ij fy[kk] ikuh ds egRo dks tkuk ;k le>k gh ughaA iz u&2 (i fo ks"k LFkku dh ;k=k esa ^Ik;ZVu* 'kCn dk vFkZ le>us esa dfBukbZA iz u&4 (a) ^fujk k* kCn ds LFkku ij ^vk kk* 'kCn dk iz;ksx djus esa dfBukbZA (b) mldk dk;Z iz kalk ds ;ksX; FkkA js[kakfdr 'kCn ds LFkku ij ,d 'kCn fy[kus esa dfBukbZA iz u&5 ii ;gk ^fdl dk;kZy;* & dk;kZy; dk uke crkus esa dfBukbZA iz u&6 iv ^xq:&f k"; ijEijk* ij Nk=ksa dk fopkj vLi"VA m kj fy[kus esa vleFkZ iz u&7 (iv) fopkjkRed iz u ds m kj fy[kus esa Nk=ksa dks dfBukbZ gqbZA vr% lkekftd thou dh ewY;ghurk ugha le> ik;sA iz u&10 iv flagklu ij cSBus dk vf/kdkj dsoy ;ksX; vkSj ohj iq:"k bls O;k[;k djus esa Nk=ksa dks dfBukbZA iz u&12 i`"BHkwfe 'kCn ls ifjfpr u gksus ds dkj.k Nk= bl iz u dk m kj Li"V ugha dj ldsA fo ks"krk Hkh ugha crk ldsA iz u&14 dfo dchjnkl dh HkfDr /kkjk dks ysdj fo|kFkhZ Hkzfer jgsA ^dchjnkl* ds LFkku ij ^lwjnkl* dk ifjp; Hkh fy[kkA iz u&16 (i) ^r:.k ns k* rFkk ^/oal jkx* tSls 'kCnksa dk vFkZ fy[kus esa vleFkZ jgsA (ii) fgeky; dk Hkkjr dh lH;rk vkSj laLd`fr ls lEcU/k & ijh{kkFkhZ bl iz u dk m kj ugha fy[k ik,A 'kCn le>us esa dfBukbZA fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, lq>ko& & & iz u i= i<+us ds fy, fu/kkZfjr 15 feuV dk lnqi;ksx djsaA u i= dks nks ckj /;kuiwoZd vkSj fLFkjfp k ls i<+saA iz u dks xgjkbZ ls le>us dk ;Ru djsaA 68 & & fucU/k&ys[ku dk vH;kl vko ;d gSA ys[ku ls iwoZ fn, x;s fo"k; /;ku ls i<+s ,ao le>saA fucU/k dh ,d :i js[kk cuk ysa ,oa lHkh vko ;d fcUnqvksa dk lekos k djsaA vlaxr o vuko ;d ckrsa u fy[ksaA & & eqgkojksa o mfDr;ksa dk ;Fkksfpr iz;ksx fucU/k dh Hkk"kk dks lqUnj cukus ds fy, djsaA fucU/k ds rhuksa Hkkxksa ;Fkk Lrkouk] eq[; fo"; vkSj milagkj dk fo ks"k /;ku j[ksa o vuqPNsn ifjorZu dk [kkl [;ky j[ksaA i= ys[ku esa i= dk k:i] lacks/ku] vfHkoknu bR;kfn dk fo ks"k vH;kl djsaA O;ogkfjd O;kdj.k dk ekSf[kd ,oa fyf[kr vH;kl djsaA vifBr x|ka k dk m kj viuh Hkk"kk esa fy[kus dk vH;kl djsaA funsZ kkuqlkj okD; ifjo kZu djrs le; fyax] opu] dky vkfn esa vuko ;d ifjo kZu u djsaA ikB~; iqLrdksa ds lHkh ikBksa dks /;ku ls i<+sA ek= dgkuh le>dj ughaA ikBksa es vk, fo ks"k lanHkksZa dh tkudkjh vo ; kIr djsa rFkk ikB dk vkykspukRed v/;;u djsaA ikB ds eq[; fcUnqvksa dks ckj&ckj fy[kdj vH;kl djsa vkSj rdZ lfgr m kj fy[kus dk ;kl djsaA vius fopkjksa dh vfHkO;fDr djuk lh[ksa o 'kCnksa ds mfpr ;ksx ij /;ku nsaA o kZuh lacU/kh =qfV;ksa ij /;ku nsaA Jqrys[k ds ek/;e ls mls lq/kkjus dk ;kl djsaA & & & & & & & & & & & & gLrys[k dks vH;kl }kjk lqUnj cuk;saA 'kCn HkaMkj dh o`f) ds fy, ikB~; iqLrd ds vfrfjDr vU; iqLrdsa] i=&if=dk, bR;kfn i<+us dh vknr MkysaA Lo/;k; dh vknr MkysaA le;≤ ij iqLrdky; ls iqLrdsa ysdj i<+sA O;kdj.k ds fu;eksa dk vuqlj.k djsaA & & & ukVd] ,dkadh bR;kfn eapu esa :fp ysaA blls Hkh lanHkZ ;kn j[kuk ljy gks tkrk gSA fgUnh lkfgR; rFkk Hkk"kk lEcU/kh vU; xfrfof/k;ksa esa vo ; Hkkx ysaA pkfjf=d fo ks"krk, fy[kus esa :fp j[ksa vkSj mldk vH;kl djsaA 69

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Additional Info : ICSE 2014 - Board Model Answers, Marking Scheme & Examiner Comments for HINDI
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