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GCE JUN 2009 : (AS 2) Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education 2009 Chemistry assessing Module 2: Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry ASC21 Assessment Unit AS 2 [ASC21] THURSDAY 11 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seventeen questions. Answer all ten questions in Section A. Record your answers by marking the appropriate letter on the answer sheet provided. Use only the spaces numbered 1 to 10. Keep in sequence when answering. Answer all seven questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. For Examiner s use only Question Number Section A 1 10 Section B 11 INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 100. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 17(e). In Section A all questions carry equal marks, i.e. two marks for each question. In Section B the figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A Periodic Table of Elements (including some data) is provided. 4682 Marks 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total Marks BLANK PAGE 4682 2 [Turn over Section A For each of the questions only one of the lettered responses (A D) is correct. Select the correct response in each case and mark its code letter by connecting the dots as illustrated on the answer sheet. 1 Which one of the following statements about polythene is correct? type of polythene low HD low high LD low low D LD high low A free radical is a particle with A B C D a lone pair of electrons. a negative charge. a positive charge. an unpaired electron. In the Contact process, sulphur dioxide is prevented from escaping because it A B C D increases global warming. leads to acid rain. reduces ozone in the upper atmosphere. reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere. Which one of the following is not a source of ethanol? A B C D 4682 high C 4 HD B 3 flexibility A 2 crystallinity Manufacture from sugar cane Catalytic hydration of ethene Hydrolysis of bromoethane with alkali Reaction of iodoethane with ammonia 3 [Turn over 5 Which one of the following hydrocarbons contains a double bond? A B C D In the reaction profile below, which letter represents the activation energy for the conversion of reactants to products? > > 6 CH4 C2H4 C2H6 C3H8 enthalpy A D > C reactants B > products reaction coordinate 7 Which one of the following describes the reaction between hydrogen bromide and ethene? A B C D 8 2.8 g of a metal, M, combines with 0.8 g of oxygen to form the oxide MO. The metal, M, also forms an oxide in which the metal and oxygen are present in the ratio 7:3 by mass. What is the formula of the second oxide? A B C D 4682 Electrophilic addition Electrophilic substitution Nucleophilic addition Nucleophilic substitution MO2 M2O M2O3 M3O2 4 [Turn over 9 The manufacture of sodium carbonate is represented by the equation below: 2NaCl + CaCO3 CaCl2 + Na2CO3 Which one of the following shows the masses of reactants (in tonnes) needed to produce 2 tonnes of sodium carbonate? NaCl A B C D CaCO3 1.00 1.00 2.20 2.34 1.00 0.92 1.89 2.00 10 Which one of the following ions, in aqueous solution, reacts with magnesium ions to form a colourless solution which deposits a white precipitate on boiling? A B C D 4682 carbonate hydrogencarbonate hydroxide sulphite 5 [Turn over Section B Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions in this section. 11 The diagram below shows the formation of a bond between molecule A and molecule B. O H H CH3 | ||||||| O H A B (a) Name the molecules and the type of bond formed between them. (i) molecule A __________________________________________ [1] (ii) molecule B __________________________________________ [1] (iii) bond _______________________________________________ [1] (b) State a physical property of A affected by this type of bond. _______________________________________________________ [1] 12 Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is separated into a number of fractions by fractional distillation. (a) Give the names of three fractions. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] (b) Explain the process of fractional distillation. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (c) Name the elements present in a hydrocarbon. _______________________________________________________ [2] 4682 6 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) 4682 7 [Turn over 13 The Group II elements, together with their electron structures, are listed below: beryllium magnesium calcium strontium barium Examiner Only Marks Remark 1s22s2 1s22s22p63s2 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p65s2 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s25p66s2 (a) Explain why they are regarded as s-block elements. _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) (i) State and explain the trend in ionic radius down the group. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State and explain the trend in ionisation energy down the group. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 4682 8 [Turn over (c) Giving observations, compare the chemistry of calcium with that of magnesium using the following headings: Examiner Only Marks Remark combustion _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] reaction with water _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] reaction with hydrochloric acid _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] 4682 9 [Turn over 14 Ethylene glycol is manufactured industrially via ethylene oxide. Examiner Only Marks Remark Step 1 O CH2=CH2 O2 + CH2 CH2 ethylene oxide Step 2 O CH2 CH2 + H2O CH2OHCH2OH (a) The first step, which is an equilibrium reaction, is carried out by passing ethene and air over silver metal at a high temperature and pressure. (i) Suggest the purpose of the silver. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Explain the process of chemisorption on the surface of silver. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Using an equilibrium argument, explain why a high pressure is used. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 4682 10 [Turn over (iv) Using an equilibrium argument, suggest why a high temperature is used. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) Calculate the number of tonnes of ethylene glycol produced in step 2 by the reaction of 2 tonnes of ethylene oxide with an excess of water. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] 4682 11 [Turn over 15 Natural rubber is a polymer of isoprene (2-methylbut-1,3-diene). Examiner Only Marks Remark CH3 H | | CH2 = C C = CH2 isoprene (a) What is the molecular formula of isoprene? _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) (i) Explain the meaning of the term polymer. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State the functional group which enables isoprene to polymerise. ___________________________________________________ [1] (c) Isoprene may be catalytically hydrogenated to form a saturated alkane. (i) Draw the structure of the alkane produced. [1] (ii) State the systematic name for the alkane. ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Name a suitable catalyst for the hydrogenation. ___________________________________________________ [1] 4682 12 [Turn over (d) Isoprene burns in air to produce carbon dioxide and water. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Write an equation for the combustion. ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Name one substance which is produced during the incomplete combustion of isoprene, but not during complete combustion. ___________________________________________________ [1] (e) It is best not to incinerate waste rubber, but to seek another means of disposal. (i) State two reasons why the incineration of waste rubber causes serious environmental problems. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State an alternative means of disposal. ___________________________________________________ [1] 4682 13 [Turn over 16 Lime (calcium oxide) is added to increase the pH of soil and to improve the yield of certain crops. Calcium oxide is manufactured by the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) Write the equation for the decomposition of calcium carbonate. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State two factors which affect the thermal decomposition of Group II carbonates. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) Calcium oxide is basic and reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide. (i) Explain the term basic. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Write the equation for the reaction of calcium oxide with water. ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) If the solubility of calcium hydroxide is 0.021 mol dm 3 at 20 C, calculate the number of grams of calcium hydroxide which would dissolve in 250 cm3 of water at this temperature. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 4682 14 [Turn over (c) Calcium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride and water. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Write the equation for this reaction. ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State the colour produced when a solution of calcium chloride is sprayed into a Bunsen flame. ___________________________________________________ [1] 4682 15 [Turn over 17 Chloroethane has a boiling point of 12 C and has been used as a local anaesthetic. When sprayed on the skin it evaporates quickly cooling the surface tissue and reducing pain. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) Draw the structure of chloroethane showing all the bonds present. [2] (ii) Ethanol has a boiling point of 78 C. Explain why ethanol has the higher boiling point despite the greater molecular mass of chloroethane. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 4682 16 [Turn over (b) Chloroethane reacts with nucleophiles such as ammonia. The distribution of molecular energies for a gaseous mixture of chloroethane and ammonia, at 20 C , is shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark number of molecules Ea energy (i) Explain the significance of the shaded area, if Ea represents the activation energy. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Sketch on the axes above, the distribution of molecular energies at approximately 30 C. [2] (iii) Use the graphs of the distribution of molecular energies to explain the difference in the reaction rates at 20 C and 30 C. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 4682 17 [Turn over (c) (i) Show the polarity of the carbon-chlorine bond in chloroethane using the diagram below Examiner Only Marks Remark C Cl [1] (ii) Explain why the bond is polar. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (d) Explain why an ammonia molecule can act as a nucleophile whereas an ammonium ion cannot. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (e) The comparative ease of hydrolysis of the halogenoalkanes can be demonstrated by adding 1-chlorobutane, 1-bromobutane and 1-iodobutane to three test tubes containing ethanol, heating and adding silver nitrate solution. State what would be observed and explain the relative rates of reaction in terms of bond enthalpies. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [5] Quality of written communication [2] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 4682 18 [Turn over 938-046-1

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Additional Info : Gce Chemistry June 2009 Assessment Unit AS 2Module 2: Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
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