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GCE JAN 2011 : (AS 2) Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry - Revised (Irish Medium)

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January 2011 Chemistry assessing Module 2: Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry AC121 Assessment Unit AS 2 [AC121] THURSDAY 20 JANUARY, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seventeen questions. Answer all ten questions in Section A. Record your answers by marking the appropriate letter on the answer sheet provided. Use only the spaces numbered 1 to 10. Keep in sequence when answering. Answer all seven questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. For Examiner s use only Question Marks Number Section A 1 10 Section B 11 INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 111598 The total mark for this paper is 100. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 17(b). In Section A all questions carry equal marks, i.e. two marks for each question. In Section B the figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of the pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A Periodic Table of Elements (including some data) is provided. 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total Marks 6854 BLANK PAGE 6854 2 [Turn over Section A For each of the following questions only one of the lettered responses (A D) is correct. Select the correct response in each case and mark its code letter by connecting the dots as illustrated on the answer sheet. 1 Which one of the following colours do barium ions give in a flame test? A B C D 2 Which one of the following represents a propagation step in the chlorination of methane? A B C D 3 CFCl CF2Cl C2F4Cl5 C3F6Cl4 A solution of a sulphate gave a white precipitate when both sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions were separately added to it. The white precipitate was soluble in excess of both sodium hydroxide and ammonia solutions. Which one of the following is the sulphate? A B C D 6854 CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl CH4 + Cl CH3 + HCl CH3 + Cl CH3Cl CH4 + Cl CH3Cl + H CFC 114, used as a refrigerant, contains 14.0% carbon, 44.4% fluorine and the remainder is chlorine. Which one of the following is the empirical formula of CFC 114? A B C D 4 Blue green Green Red Yellow Al2(SO4)3 MgSO4 Na2SO4 ZnSO4 3 [Turn over 5 Which one of the following molecules can exist as cis and trans (E Z) isomers? A B C D 6 CH2==CHCH(CH3)CH3 CH2==CHCH2CH2CH3 CH3CH==CHCH2CH3 CH3C(CH3)==CHCH3 Copper can be extracted by heating copper(II) oxide with carbon. 2CuO(s) + C(s) 2Cu(s) + CO2(g) Which one of the following is the atom economy of the reaction? A B C D 7 Which one of the following represents the standard enthalpy change for the formation of ethanol? A B C D 6854 40.0% 69.5% 74.4% 80.0% 2C(g) + 6H(g) + O(g) C2H5OH(g) 2C(s) + 3H2(g) + O(g) C2H5OH(l) 1 2C(s) + 3H2(g) + 2 O2 (g) C2H5OH(g) 1 2C(s) + 3H2(g) + 2 O2 (g) C2H5OH(l) 4 [Turn over 8 The following table shows the enthalpy change of neutralisation for some acid-base reactions: Acid Base Enthalpy change of neutralisation/kJ mol 1 HCl NaOH 57.2 X NaOH 55.2 HCl Y 52.2 HNO3 KOH Z The identities of X, Y and Z are: X Y Z A ethanoic acid 57.2 B sulphuric acid ammonia solution 55.2 C ethanoic acid sodium hydroxide 52.2 D sulphuric acid 9 ammonia solution sodium hydroxide 57.2 Which one of the following alcohols will give a positive result in the iodoform test? A B C D CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 CH3C(CH3)2CH2OH 10 The standard enthalpies of combustion for carbon, hydrogen and ethyne, C2H2, are given below. Standard enthalpy of combustion (kJ mol 1) C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) H2(g) + 1 2 394 O2(g) H2O(l) 286 1 C2H2(g) + 2 2 O2(g) 2CO2(g) + H2O(l) 1300 Which one of the following is the standard enthalpy of formation of ethyne? A B C D 6854 226 kJ mol 1 +226 kJ mol 1 620 kJ mol 1 +620 kJ mol 1 5 [Turn over Section B Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions in this section. 11 (a) Airbags used in cars contain sodium azide, NaN3. During a crash the airbag rapidly fills with nitrogen gas from the following reaction: 2NaN3(s) 2Na(s) + 3N2(g) H for the reaction is positive. (i) What name is given to reactions in which H is positive? [1] (ii) Label the axes below and draw an enthalpy level diagram for the reaction. [3] (iii) When fully inflated the airbag contains 50 dm3 of nitrogen at 20 C and one atmosphere pressure. What mass of sodium azide is needed to produce this volume of nitrogen? [3] 6854 6 [Turn over (b) Catalytic converters help to reduce environmental damage due to vehicle exhaust emissions. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Give an equation to show how unburnt heptane, C7H16, is removed from the exhaust emissions. [2] (ii) In the catalytic converter, carbon monoxide can react with nitrogen(II) oxide to form nitrogen. Write an equation for this reaction. [2] 6854 7 [Turn over 12 Magnesium, calcium and barium are found in Group II of the Periodic Table. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Explain why the Group II elements are regarded as s-block elements. [1] (b) (i) Write an equation, including state symbols, for the first ionisation energy of magnesium. [2] (ii) State and explain the change in the value of the first ionisation energy from magnesium to barium. [3] (c) Calcium hydroxide can be decomposed by heating. (i) Write an equation for the decomposition of calcium hydroxide. [1] (ii) Compare and explain the thermal stability of magnesium hydroxide with barium hydroxide. [3] 6854 8 [Turn over (iii) Explain the difference in pH value when 0.1 mole of magnesium hydroxide and 0.1 mole of barium hydroxide are stirred with separate 100 cm3 portions of water. Examiner Only Marks Remark [2] 6854 9 [Turn over 13 Crude petroleum is the source of hydrocarbons such as alkanes. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) How are alkanes obtained from crude petroleum? [1] (b) Octane, C8H18, is an alkane which is a constituent of petrol. (i) Octane is a saturated hydrocarbon. What is meant by the terms saturated and hydrocarbon? [2] (ii) Give the systematic name for the isomer of octane shown below. CH3 CH3 CH3 - C - C - CH3 CH3 CH3 [1] (c) Alkenes, such as propene, can be obtained from alkanes such as octane. (i) What name is given to the process of forming alkenes from alkanes? [1] (ii) State one condition which is necessary for this process. [1] (iii) Write an equation for the formation of propene from octane. [1] 6854 10 [Turn over (iv) Describe a chemical test for an unsaturated hydrocarbon such as propene. Examiner Only Marks Remark [2] (v) Write an equation for the reaction involved in the test described in part (iv). [1] (d) Explain why alkenes are more reactive than alkanes. [1] (e) Alkenes such as propene react with hydrogen bromide. (i) Use a flow diagram to suggest the mechanism for the reaction between an alkene and hydrogen bromide. You may represent the alkene as: C==C [3] (ii) What name is given to the type of reaction between propene and hydrogen bromide? [2] 6854 11 [Turn over 14 Some ice packs used to treat sports injuries contain ammonium nitrate and water. A capsule containing the water is broken, the ammonium nitrate dissolves and the temperature falls. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) The following results were obtained when ammonium nitrate was added to some water. Mass of water = 100 g Mass of ammonium nitrate = 5.0 g Initial temperature = 25.0 C Final temperature = 24.1 C Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g 1 C 1 (i) Calculate the enthalpy change taking place. [2] (ii) How many moles of ammonium nitrate were used? [1] (iii) Calculate the molar enthalpy change for dissolving the ammonium nitrate in 100 g of water. [1] (b) One manufacturer makes an ice pack containing 120 g of water. What mass of ammonium nitrate will be needed to produce a temperature fall of 25.0 C? [2] 6854 12 [Turn over 15 The Birkeland-Eyde process for the manufacture of nitric acid was developed in 1903. In the first step of the process nitrogen and oxygen react as follows: N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g) Examiner Only Marks Remark H = +180 kJ mol 1 Explain the effect, if any, of each of the following changes on the yield of nitrogen(II) oxide and on the rate of the reaction. (a) Increasing the temperature. [3] (b) Adding more nitrogen. [3] (c) Increasing the pressure. [3] (d) Adding a catalyst. [2] 6854 13 [Turn over 16 Some wine is thought to be contaminated by ethanal and ethanoic acid. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) A sample of the wine was subjected to infra-red spectroscopy and the results compared to the spectra for ethanol, ethanal and ethanoic acid. The infra-red spectra for ethanol, ethanal and ethanoic acid are shown below (not necessarily in that order). Spectrum A 100 transmittance/% 80 60 40 20 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 2000 1500 1000 wavenumber/cm 1 Spectrum B 100 transmittance/% 80 60 40 20 4000 3500 3000 2500 wavenumber/cm 1 6854 14 [Turn over Spectrum C Examiner Only Marks 100 Remark transmittance/% 80 60 40 20 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 wavenumber/cm 1 (i) Explain how the absorption of infra-red radiation arises in molecules. [1] 6854 15 [Turn over (ii) The table below gives some infra-red absorption data. Bond 2850 3300 C = C 1620 1680 C = O 1680 1750 C O 1000 1300 (alcohols) O H 3230 3550 (acids) O H Remark Wavenumber/cm 1 C H Examiner Only Marks 2500 3000 Use this data to identify the absorptions at: Spectrum A: (broad) 3000 cm 1 ____________________________ Spectrum C: 1000 cm 1 _________________________________ [2] (iii) Identify the molecule responsible for: Spectrum B: ____________________________________________ _ Spectrum C: __________________________________________ [2] _ (b) Ethanol can be oxidised to ethanal or ethanoic acid depending on the experimental technique used. (i) Name a suitable oxidising agent. (ii) Give the formula of the ion formed by reduction of this oxidising agent. 6854 _______________________________________________________ [1] _______________________________________________________ [1] 1 6 [Turn over (iii) Give the experimental techniques required to form Examiner Only Marks Remark Ethanal: [1] Ethanoic acid: [1] (c) Complete the diagram below giving the formula of the organic compound formed in each case. Na PCl5 CH3CH2OH CH3COCl SOCl2 [4] 6854 17 [Turn over 17 Amphetamines were once used to treat obesity, mild depression and some behavioural disorders. The general formula for an amphetamine can be represented as: Examiner Only Marks Remark CH3 R C NH2 H Amphetamines can be synthesised in the following steps. CH3 R C OH H Step 1 CH3 R C Br H Step 2 CH3 R C NH2 H (a) (i) Suggest a suitable reagent for Step 1. [1] (ii) What type of reaction is taking place in Step 1? [2] (iii) Suggest a suitable reagent and conditions for carrying out Step 2. [2] 6854 18 [Turn over (b) The liquid product obtained from Step 1 is impure. Giving experimental details explain how it can be separated, dried and purified. [4] Quality of written communication Remark Examiner Only Marks [2] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 6854 1 9 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 111598

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Additional Info : Gce Chemistry January 2011 Assessment Unit AS 2Module 2: Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry (Irish Medium) - Revised
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