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GCE JAN 2009 : AS 1Forces and Electricity

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January 2009 Physics assessing Module 1: Forces and Electricity ASY11 Assessment Unit AS 1 [ASY11] TUESDAY 27 JANUARY, MORNING TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seven questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 60. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 4(c). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Your attention is drawn to the Data and Formula Sheet which is inside this question paper. You may use an electronic calculator. You will need a ruler and protractor. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Marks 4873 Marks If you need the values of physical constants to answer any questions in this paper, they may be found on the Data and Formulae Sheet. Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions 1 (a) The list below gives a number of physical quantities and units. For those which are base quantities or base units, place a tick ( ) in the appropriate box. Coulomb Force Length Mole Newton Temperature [2] (b) What are the base units of kinetic energy? _______________________________________________________ [1] (c) (i) Explain the difference between a scalar and a vector quantity. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [2] (ii) A student states that kinetic energy is a vector quantity, because it involves velocity, and velocity is certainly a vector. However, another student says that kinetic energy is a scalar. The second student is correct. Explain why. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4873 2 [Turn over (d) Fig. 1.1 shows two vectors P and Q. Examiner Only Marks Remark P Q Fig. 1.1 In the spaces below, sketch the constructions necessary to obtain the vectors A and B, where A = P + Q and B = P Q. (Drawings to scale are not required.) A=P+Q B=P Q [3] 4873 3 [Turn over 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a player in a darts competition. Examiner Only Marks Remark bull s eye board 1.75m 2.37 m white line Fig. 2.1 (not to scale) The player stands at a white line on the floor, 2.37 m from the board. The bull s eye on the board is 1.75 m above the floor. Fig. 2.2 shows the bottom segment of the board. Depending on the region of this segment into which the dart sticks, it scores 3 points or multiples of 3 points. bull s eye y score triple 3 (= 9) A score double 3 (= 6) 3 Fig. 2.2 (not to scale) 4873 4 [Turn over (a) Standing at the white line directly in front of the board, the player throws a dart horizontally, from a point 1.75 m above the floor (at the same level as the bull s eye), with a speed of 14.0 m s 1. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Calculate the time taken for the dart to travel between the player s hand and the dart board. Ignore air resistance. Time = __________________ s [2] (ii) The dart sticks into the board at the point marked A on Fig. 2.2. Calculate the vertical distance y of the point A below the centre of the bull s eye. Vertical distance y = _____________ m [3] (iii) The player now needs a double-3 (see Fig. 2.2) to win the game. Without further calculation, indicate by placing a tick ( ) in the appropriate box how the projection speed should be adjusted to achieve this result. The dart is to be thrown horizontally towards the bull s eye, as before. Explain your answer. The speed of the dart should be increased The speed of the dart should be decreased Explanation: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [3] 4873 5 [Turn over (b) The player changes the type of dart used to one which has a greater mass, and throws it in the same direction, and with the same speed, as the dart which hit point A. Describe how the position at which the dart strikes the board will change, if at all, as a consequence of the change of mass of the dart. Explain your answer. Examiner Only Marks Remark The dart strikes the board above point A The dart strikes the board at point A The dart strikes the board below point A Explanation: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] 4873 6 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) 4873 7 [Turn over 3 A man pushes a wheelbarrow on level ground at a constant speed of 1.5 m s 1, as shown in Fig. 3.1. The wheelbarrow contains soil. The combined mass of wheelbarrow and soil is 22 kg. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1.5 m s 1 level ground Fig. 3.1 (a) The total frictional force acting is 12 N. State the force exerted by the man on the wheelbarrow. Explain your answer. Force = _____________ N Explanation: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) The man now approaches a slope inclined at 5.0 to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 3.2. 5.0 level ground slope Fig. 3.2 4873 8 [Turn over (i) The man pushes the wheelbarrow up the slope, maintaining the same constant force that he applied in (a). The frictional force has the same constant value of 12 N. Calculate the distance up the slope the wheelbarrow moves before it stops. Distance = _____________ m Examiner Only Marks Remark [4] (ii) Calculate the total force the man must exert on the wheelbarrow and its contents to move it up the slope at the original constant speed of 1.5 m s 1. The frictional force is constant at 12 N. Total force = _____________ N 4873 [3] 9 [Turn over Where appropriate in this question you should answer in continuous prose. You will be assessed on the quality of your written communication. 4 Examiner Only Marks Remark A soft squashy ball is dropped from rest from a height onto a hard surface. The graph in Fig. 4.1 shows how the height of the top of the ball above the surface varies with time. height A F B C E D 0 0 time Fig. 4.1 Points in the motion of the ball have been labelled A, B, C, D, E and F. The ball first makes contact with the surface at the time corresponding to C. It leaves the surface again at the time corresponding to E. (a) On Fig. 4.2, sketch the shape of the ball at the times corresponding to C, D and E. C D E [2] Fig. 4.2 4873 10 [Turn over (b) State the type or types of energy possessed by the ball at the times corresponding to the following points. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Point A: _______________________________________________ (ii) Point B: _______________________________________________ (iii) Point C: _____________________________________________ [3] (c) After rebounding from the surface, the ball rises to a height represented by point F. The fact that F is at a lower height than point A might suggest that the principle of conservation of energy has been broken. Explain why the principle has not, in fact, been broken. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] Quality of written communication 4873 [1] 11 [Turn over 5 Fig. 5.1 shows a solid metal cylinder of cross-sectional area A. The cylinder carries a conventional current I in the direction from left to right. Examiner Only Marks Remark area A I I Fig. 5.1 The number density of charge carriers in the metal is n. (a) Explain what is meant by the direction of a conventional current. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Derive the relationship I = nAve Equation 5.1 between the current, the drift speed v of the charge carriers and the charge e of a carrier. [4] 4873 12 [Turn over (c) A copper wire is 2.8 m long and has diameter 1.2 mm. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) This length of wire contains 2.7 1023 charge carriers. Show that the number density of charge carriers in the wire is 8.5 1028 m 3. [2] (ii) The wire carries a current of 3.5A. Calculate the drift speed of charge carriers in the wire. Drift speed = __________________ m s 1 [2] (d) The number density of charge carriers is an important quantity in determining the electrical properties of a metal. Because the number density appears in the relatively simple Equation 5.1, it might be thought that it would be easy to measure experimentally. However, it is not practicable to use Equation 5.1 to obtain n directly. Suggest why this is the case. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] 4873 13 [Turn over 6 (a) A wire has resistance R and is made of metal of resistivity . Write down the equation relating R to . State the meaning of any other terms in your equation. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) (i) An aluminium wire is 1.5 m long and has a radius of 0.56 mm. When the current in the wire is 0.32 A, the potential difference between the ends of the wire is 0.013 V. Calculate the resistivity of aluminium. Resistivity = ______________ W m 4873 14 [4] [Turn over (ii) This aluminium wire (wire A) is now replaced with a different aluminium wire (wire B), of length 1.5 m (the same as before) but of radius 0.28 mm (half the previous value). State how the resistance and the resistivity of wire B compare with the values of the corresponding quantities for wire A. In each case, explain your reasoning. Examiner Only Marks Remark Resistance of wire B compared with resistance of wire A: ______________________________________________________ Reasoning: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Resistivity of wire B compared with resistivity of wire A: ______________________________________________________ Reasoning: ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [4] 4873 15 [Turn over 7 The circuit of Fig. 7.1 contains five 10 W resistors connected to a 6 V battery as shown. Examiner Only Marks Remark 6V 10 10 10 B 10 X I1 10 Y C Fig. 7.1 (a) (i) Calculate the total resistance of the network between the points X and Y. Resistance = _____________ W [2] (ii) Hence determine the current I1. Current = _____________ A 4873 [2] 16 [Turn over (b) Explain why the potential difference between points B and C is zero. Examiner Only Marks Remark __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 4873 17 [Turn [Turn over 4873 4873 18 [Turn [Turn over 4873 19 [Turn over 935-071-1 20 GCE Physics (Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced) Data and Formulae Sheet Values of constants speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.00 108 m s 1 permeability of a vacuum 0 = 4 10 7 H m 1 permittivity of a vacuum 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m 1 1 = 8.99 109 F 1 m 4 0 ( ) elementary charge e = 1.60 10 19 C the Planck constant h = 6.63 10 34 J s unified atomic mass unit 1 u = 1.66 10 27 kg mass of electron me = 9.11 10 31 kg mass of proton mp = 1.67 10 27 kg molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 the Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 1023 mol 1 the Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 10 23 J K 1 gravitational constant G = 6.67 10 11 N m2 kg 2 acceleration of free fall on the Earth s surface g = 9.81 m s 2 electron volt 1 eV = 1.60 10 19 J ASY11INS 4873.02 USEFUL FORMULAE The following equations may be useful in answering some of the questions in the examination: Thermal physics Mechanics Momentum-impulse relation mv mu = Ft for a constant force Average kinetic energy of a molecule 1 m<c2> 2 Power P = Fv Kinetic theory pV = 1 Nm <c2> 3 Conservation of energy 1 mv 2 2 1 mu 2 = Fs 2 for a constant force Simple harmonic motion Displacement x = x0 cos t or x = x0 sin t Velocity v = x 0 2 x 2 Simple pendulum T = 2 l / g Loaded helical spring T = 2 m / k Medical physics Sound intensity level/dB = 10 lg10(I/I0) Sound intensity difference/dB = 10 lg10(I2/I1) Resolving power sin = / D Waves Capacitors Capacitors in parallel 11 1 1 = + + C C1 C 2 C 3 C = C1 + C2 + C3 Time constant = RC Capacitors in series Electromagnetism Magnetic flux density due to current in (i)i long straight (i)i solenoid B= (ii) long straight (i)i conductor B= = ay/d Diffraction grating 0I 2 a A.c. generator E = E0 sin t = BAN sin t Stress and Strain Hooke s law F = kx Strain energy E = <F > x (= 1 Fx = 1 kx 2 2 2 if Hooke s law is obeyed) Electricity Vout = R1Vin/(R1 + R2) A = N A = A0e t t1 = 0.693/ 2 Photoelectric effect 1 mv2 = max 2 de Broglie equation 1/u + 1/v = 1/ f Radioactive decay Half life Light 4873.02 l Alternating currents d sin = n Potential divider 0NI Particles and photons Two-slit interference Lens formula = 3 kT 2 = h /p Particle Physics Nuclear radius 1 r = r0 A3 hf hf0

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Additional Info : Gce Physics January 2009 Assessment Unit AS 1, Module 1: Forces and Electricity
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