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GCE JUN 2006 : AS 2 Waves and Photons

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education 2006 Physics assessing Module 2: Waves and Photons ASY21 Assessment Unit AS 2 [ASY21] MONDAY 19 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seven questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. For Examiner s use only INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 60. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 3(b). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Your attention is drawn to the Data and Formulae Sheet which is inside this question paper. You may use an electronic calculator. Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Marks ASY2S6 1944 Marks If you need the values of physical constants to answer any questions in this paper, they may be found on the Data and Formulae Sheet. Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions 1 (a) (i) Distinguish between a real image and a virtual image. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State the type of lens which, under suitable conditions, can form a real image, and under other conditions a virtual image. ____________________________________________________ [1] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows a diverging lens with principal foci F and F . An object OX is placed perpendicular to the principal axis. X FO F Fig. 1.1 On Fig. 1.1 complete the ray diagram to show how the image is formed. Label the image IY. Show a suitable position of the eye to see the image. [4] ASY2S6 1944 2 [Turn over (c) A magnifying glass is used to form an image 1.7 times larger than the object. The image is formed 85.0 mm from the lens. Examiner Only Marks Remark Calculate the focal length of the magnifying glass. Focal length = ___________ m ASY2S6 1944 [3] 3 [Turn over 2 A slinky spring may be used to demonstrate the behaviour of a longitudinal sound wave. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Explain what is meant by a longitudinal wave. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Fig. 2.1 shows an instantaneous picture of a slinky spring which is vibrating longitudinally at a frequency of 2.0 Hz. The positions of maximum compression and maximum rarefaction are marked with the letters C and R respectively. C R C R C oscillation direction displacement 0 position along slinky Fig. 2.1 (i) On the axes of Fig. 2.1 sketch a graph to show how the displacement of the coils of the spring from their mean position depends on position along the slinky. [2] (ii) Mark on your graph on Fig. 2.1 the amplitude A0 and the wavelength of the wave on the spring. ASY2S6 1944 4 [2] [Turn over (iii) The distance between a compression C and the adjacent rarefaction R on the spring is 14.0 cm. Calculate the speed of the longitudinal wave on the spring. Speed = ___________ m s 1 ASY2S6 1944 Examiner Only Marks Remark [3] 5 [Turn over 3 In part (b) of this question you should write in continuous prose. You will be assessed on the quality of your written communication. Examiner Only Marks Remark The air in a tube closed at one end is excited to resonance. This is achieved using a small loudspeaker connected to an audio signal generator of variable frequency. The arrangement is shown in Fig. 3.1. Signal generator loudspeaker Fig. 3.1 The frequency of the generator is adjusted until resonance is obtained. (a) On Fig. 3.1, sketch a pattern representing the standing waves in the tube when the second resonant mode is obtained. Mark the positions of nodes and antinodes with the letters N and A respectively. [2] (b) Describe how you would judge, by ear, the resonant frequency and obtain as accurate a value as possible. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] Quality of written communication ASY2S6 1944 [1] 6 [Turn over (c) It is possible to use a small microphone connected to a cathode ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) to confirm the resonant frequency judged by ear. The microphone is placed close to the mouth of the tube. The timebase and Y-sensitivity settings are adjusted until a clear trace is obtained. The frequency of the signal generator is again adjusted until resonance is obtained. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Describe how observation of one feature of the c.r.o. trace can be used to confirm that resonance is obtained. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) When the resonant frequency is confirmed, the c.r.o. trace shown in Fig. 3.2 is obtained. 11.25 cm Fig. 3.2 The horizontal length of the trace is 11.25 cm, and the timebase setting on the c.r.o. is 500 s cm 1. Calculate the resonant frequency. Frequency = ___________ Hz ASY2S6 1944 [3] 7 [Turn over 4 (a) (i) State the principle of superposition as it applies to two waves of the same type which arrive at the same point in a medium. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Two waves of the same type arrive at a point and produce complete destructive interference. State the two conditions for this to occur. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (b) In Fig. 4.1, S1, S2 and S3 are three sources of sinusoidal waves of the same frequency and phase. The amplitude of S2 is fixed, but the amplitudes of the other two sources may be varied at will. S1 S2 P S3 Fig. 4.1 Source S2 is midway between S1 and S3. P is a point on the line perpendicular to S1S3 through S2. Under certain conditions, the waves arriving at P from the three sources may produce complete destructive interference. State what these conditions are, and explain how they result in complete destructive interference at P. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [4] ASY2S6 1944 8 [Turn over 5 (a) Explain the meaning of the term diffraction. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Describe a laboratory experiment to demonstrate diffraction using a single slit or aperture of adjustable width. Your description should include (i) a labelled sketch of the apparatus, [2] (ii) a description of the results, illustrated with sketches to show the effect if the width of the slit or aperture was increased. [2] ASY2S6 1944 9 [Turn over (iii) State the condition for optimum diffraction to occur in this type of experiment. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (c) A diffraction grating works because of both diffraction and interference. Explain briefly where and how each process contributes. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] ASY2S6 1944 10 [Turn over 6 Fig. 6.1 is a diagram of some of the electron energy levels in the hydrogen atom. Examiner Only Marks Remark Energy/eV 0 A 0.85 1.51 3.39 B 13.6 Fig. 6.1 (a) (i) The level at 13.6 eV is sometimes called the ground state. There are no levels with energy less than this. Explain why this is the normal state of the electron in the hydrogen atom. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State what is represented by zero energy on Fig. 6.1. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) All the levels except the zero energy state on Fig. 6.1 have negative energy. Explain why. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] ASY2S6 1944 11 [Turn over (b) Two possible transitions A and B are shown on Fig. 6.1. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) State which transition, A or B, indicates that energy is being emitted by the atom, and which indicates that energy has been absorbed. Energy emitted: ___________ Energy absorbed: ___________ [1] (ii) Use data from Fig. 6.1, and from your Data Sheet, to calculate the frequency of the radiation emitted by the atom. Frequency = ___________ Hz ASY2S6 1944 [3] 12 [Turn over 7 (a) (i) State one example of a situation where the behaviour of electromagnetic radiation can be explained only in terms of a wave. Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State one example of a situation where the behaviour of particles can be explained only in terms of a wave. ___________________________________________________ [1] (b) (i) Describe briefly the phenomenon of photoelectric emission. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) List three aspects of the photoelectric effect which cannot be explained by the wave aspect of electromagnetic radiation. 1. ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (c) A photoelectron has a de Broglie wavelength of 0.52 nm. Calculate the momentum of the electron. Momentum = ___________ N s ASY2S6 1944 [2] 13 [Turn over THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER ASY2S6 1944 14 [Turn over ASY2S6 1944 15 [Turn over S 4/06 4800 302507(204) GCE Physics (Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced) Data and Formulae Sheet Values of constants speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.00 108 m s 1 permeability of a vacuum 0 = 4 10 7 H m 1 permittivity of a vacuum 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m 1 1 = 8.99 109 F 1 m 4 0 ( ) elementary charge the Planck constant 1 u = 1.66 10 27 kg mass of electron me = 9.11 10 31 kg mass of proton mp = 1.67 10 27 kg molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 the Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 1023 mol 1 the Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 10 23 J K 1 gravitational constant G = 6.67 10 11 N m2 kg 2 acceleration of free fall on the Earth s surface g = 9.81 m s 2 electron volt 1944.02 h = 6.63 10 34 J s unified atomic mass unit ASY2S6 e = 1.60 10 19 C 1 eV = 1.60 10 19 J ASY21INS USEFUL FORMULAE The following equations may be useful in answering some of the questions in the examination: Thermal physics Mechanics Momentum-impulse relation mv mu = Ft for a constant force Average kinetic energy of a molecule 1 m<c2> 2 Power P = Fv Kinetic theory pV = 1 Nm <c2> 3 Conservation of energy 1 mv 2 2 1 mu 2 = Fs 2 for a constant force Simple harmonic motion Displacement x = x0 cos t or x = x0 sin t Velocity v = x 0 2 x 2 Simple pendulum T = 2 l / g Loaded helical spring T = 2 m / k Medical physics Sound intensity level/dB = 10 lg10(I/I0) Sound intensity difference/dB = 10 lg10(I2/I1) Resolving power sin = / D Waves Capacitors Capacitors in parallel 11 1 1 = + + C C1 C 2 C 3 C = C1 + C2 + C3 Time constant = RC Capacitors in series Electromagnetism Magnetic flux density due to current in (i)i long straight (i)i solenoid B= (ii) long straight (i)i conductor B= 0NI l 0I 2 a Alternating currents A.c. generator E = E0 sin t = BAN sin t Particles and photons Two-slit interference = ay/d Diffraction grating d sin = n Lens formula Stress and Strain Hooke s law F = kx Strain energy E = <F > x (= 1 Fx = 1 kx 2 2 2 if Hooke s law is obeyed) Electricity Potential divider 1944.02 Vout = R1Vin/(R1 + R2) A = N A = A0e t t1 = 0.693/ 2 Photoelectric effect 1 mv2 = max 2 de Broglie equation 1/u + 1/v = 1/ f Radioactive decay Half life Light ASY2S6 = 3 kT 2 = h /p Particle Physics Nuclear radius 1 r = r0 A3 hf hf0

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Additional Info : Gce Physics June 2006 Assessment Unit AS 2, Module 2: Waves and Photons
Tags : General Certificate of Education, A Level and AS Level, uk, council for the curriculum examinations and assessment, gce exam papers, gce a level and as level exam papers , gce past questions and answer, gce past question papers, ccea gce past papers, gce ccea past papers

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