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GCE MAY 2006 : A2 3B Experimental and Investigative Skills (Session 1)

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED General Certificate of Education 2006 assessing Module 6: Experimental and Investigative Skills Session No. 1 A2Y32 Physics Assessment Unit A2 3B [A2Y32] TUESDAY 23 MAY TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Turn to page 3 for further Instructions and Information. For Teacher/Supervisor s use only Question 2 Was the candidate given the pre-connected circuit, or was assistance given in the connection of the candidate s circuit? YES NO For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 Total Marks A2Y3BS6 2631 Marks BLANK PAGE A2Y3BS6 2631 2 [Turn over Instructions to Candidates Answer all the questions in this paper, using this booklet. Rough work and calculations must also be done in this booklet. Except where instructed, do not describe the apparatus or experimental procedures. The Supervisor will tell you the order in which you are to answer the questions. Not more than 28 minutes are to be spent in answering each question, and after 26 minutes you must stop using the apparatus in Questions 1 and 2 so that it can be re-arranged for the next candidate. At the end of the 28-minute period you will be instructed to move to the area set aside for the next question. At the end of the Test a 6-minute period will be provided for you to complete your answer to any question, but you will not have access to the apparatus during this time. Information for Candidates The total mark for this paper is 70. Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 3. Questions 1 and 2 carry 25 marks each, and Question 3 carries 20 marks. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each part question. Question 3 contributes to the synoptic assessment of the Specification. In this question, you will need to make and use connections between different areas of physics and to use your knowledge and understanding of more than one area. A2Y3BS6 2631 3 [Turn over 1 Introduction In this experiment you will investigate standing waves on a wire. Aims The aims of the experiment are (a) to obtain standing wave patterns on a wire under tension, (b) for a standing wave pattern of one loop, establish a relationship between the frequency of the generated wave and the length of the tensioned wire. Apparatus The apparatus shown in Fig. 1.1 has already been set up for you. crocodile clip l pulley Signal generator knife edge steel yoke with magnets knife edge crocodile clip wire mass Fig. 1.1 The length of wire is tensioned with a mass hung from one end of the wire. A pair of magnets in a steel yoke provides a magnetic field at right angles to the wire which carries an alternating current of known frequency. This makes the wire produce oscillations of small amplitude. A2Y3BS6 2631 4 [Turn over Procedure Examiner Only Marks Remark The frequency range control and amplitude control of the generator have been preset, and should not be adjusted. Start with the knife edges at 500 mm apart and the frequency control on the generator at about 40 Hz. Gradually increase the frequency until a single loop appears in the vibrating wire. Adjust the frequency until the amplitude of the loop is a maximum. Note the frequency f at which this maximum occurs, and record the value in Table 1.1. The value should be recorded to an appropriate number of significant figures. Insert suitable units in the heading of the second column of the table. The third column may be required later. Decrease the distance l between the knife edges to 450 mm. Move the yoke with magnets so that it is again midway between the knife edges. Adjust the frequency until maximum amplitude is again obtained. Note the frequency f at which the maximum occurs and record it in Table 1.1. Repeat this procedure for lengths l of 400 mm, 350 mm and 300 mm. Results (a) Table 1.1 length l/mm frequency f/ 500 450 400 350 300 [7] A2Y3BS6 2631 5 [Turn over (b) Estimate the experimental uncertainty in the value of f corresponding to a vibrating length of 450 mm. Explain how you arrive at this estimate. Examiner Only Marks Remark Uncertainty = ______________________________________________ Explanation: _______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] Theory The relationship between the frequency f of the generated wave and the length l is one of the following: f = Al Equation 1.1 f = A l Equation 1.2 A f = l where A is a positive constant. Equation 1.3 Analysis (a) From your results, decide which of the equations 1.1, 1.2 or 1.3 best fits the experimental data. Indicate your choice by placing a tick in the box beside the equation. [1] (b) You are to draw a suitable linear graph to find the value of the constant A in the equation you have selected. (i) State the quantities to be plotted on each axis of the graph. Vertical axis: ___________________________________________ Horizontal axis: ______________________________________ [1] (ii) To allow this linear graph to be plotted, it may be necessary to calculate an additional quantity from your results. If it is, head the third column of Table 1.1 with an appropriate label, and insert values calculated from your results. [2] (iii) On Fig. 1.2 opposite, label the axes of the graph grid and choose suitable scales. Plot the points and draw the best straight line through them. [5] A2Y3BS6 2631 6 [Turn over Fig.1.2 A2Y3BS6 2631 7 [Turn over (iv) From your graph, find the value of the constant A. Show clearly how the value is obtained. Enter the value, with an appropriate unit, below. Examiner Only Marks Remark A = __________________ Unit: _________________ [4] (v) From your graph, or by calculation, deduce the length of wire which would be required to produce a single loop pattern of frequency 60 Hz. Length = __________________ mm A2Y3BS6 2631 8 [2] [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) A2Y3BS6 2631 9 [Turn over 2 Introduction Aims The aims of the experiment are (a) to set up a circuit which will be used to determine the resistance of a wire, (b) measure the e.m.f. of a power source, (c) to obtain values of current when different lengths of resistance wire are in the circuit, (d) to measure the diameter of the resistance wire, (e) to use these values, together with the cross-sectional area, to find the resistivity of the wire. Apparatus You are provided with an ammeter, voltmeter, switch, micrometer screw gauge, resistance wire (already attached to a metre rule), power source, connecting wire and crocodile clips. Procedure (a) Set up the circuit shown in Fig. 2.1. Power source Switch A V resistance wire L crocodile clip metre rule Fig. 2.1 crocodile clip Using the leads with the crocodile clip at one end, connect one clip to the resistance wire at the zero end of the metre rule. Do not connect the second clip to the resistance wire yet. [2] Examiner Only Marks Remark If you are unable to set up this circuit, ask the Supervisor for assistance. A deduction of 2 marks will be made. A2Y3BS6 2631 10 [Turn over (b) Using the micrometer screw gauge, obtain accurately the diameter of the resistance wire and record it in Table 2.1. There is a short length of the same wire for you to use to do this. Examiner Only Marks Remark (c) Close the switch and use the voltmeter to measure the e.m.f. E of the power source. Record the value of E in Table 2.1. (d) Open the switch and now connect the second crocodile clip so that the length L is 1.00 m. Close the switch. Record the value of the current I in Table 2.2. Do not hold on to the clip while taking the reading, as this may cause fluctuations. Repeat this procedure for lengths L of 0.90 m, 0.80 m, 0.70 m, 0.60 m and 0.50 m. The third column of Table 2.2 is for later use. Results Table 2.1 Resistance wire diameter/mm E.m.f. E / V [3] Table 2.2 length L/m current I/A 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 [6] A2Y3BS6 2631 11 [Turn over Theory Examiner Only Marks Remark The current I is related to the length L of resistance wire in use by the following equation: 1 = BL + C I where B and C are positive constants. Analysis You are to draw a linear graph to find the value of the constant B. (a) To allow this linear graph to be plotted, it will be necessary to calculate an additional quantity from your results. Head the third column of Table 2.2 with an appropriate label and unit, and insert values calculated from your results. [2] (b) On Fig. 2.2 opposite, label the axes of the graph grid and choose suitable scales. Plot the points and draw the best straight line through them. [5] (c) From your graph, find the value of the constant B. Show clearly how the value is obtained. Enter the value, with an appropriate unit, below. B = __________________ Unit: __________________ A2Y3BS6 2631 [4] 12 [Turn over Fig. 2.2 A2Y3BS6 2631 13 [Turn over (d) It can be shown that B = EA where A is the cross-sectional area of the resistance wire, E is the e.m.f. of the power source and is the resistivity of the wire. Examiner Only Marks Remark Use your values of B, E and the diameter of the wire to find the resistivity of the wire, with its unit. Resistivity = __________________ Unit: A2Y3BS6 2631 __________________ [3] 14 [Turn over Where appropriate, your answer to this question should be in continuous prose. You will be assessed on the quality of your written communication. 3 Examiner Only Marks Remark Planning and design question Introduction This question is about investigating some of the properties of a light dependent resistor (LDR) and its uses. An LDR has a resistance which changes significantly with the intensity of illumination. For a certain LDR, the resistance in the dark is 250 k and the resistance in daylight is 6 k . Questions (a) You have been asked to investigate whether or not the LDR obeys Ohm s Law in the dark and then in daylight. The resistance is to be determined using a voltmeter and ammeter method. The power supply available has a fixed 20 V d.c. output. (i) Complete the circuit diagram in Fig. 3.1 to include a potential divider to allow you to vary the voltage across the LDR from 0 to 20 V. Show where the ammeter and voltmeter would be connected. 20 Vd.c. LDR Fig. 3.1 [3] (ii) Write a brief account of how you would perform this experiment. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [4] A2Y3BS6 2631 15 [Turn over (b) (i) Calculate the current in the dark when the potential difference across the LDR is 20.0 V. Dark current = ________ A Examiner Only Marks Remark [1] (ii) When the LDR is exposed to daylight the current is significantly larger. Calculate the reduction in potential difference from the potential divider needed to give the same current in daylight as the dark current calculated in (b)(i). Reduction = ________ V [2] (c) The resistance of the LDR depends on light intensity. A calibration graph is available relating the resistance to the light intensity, as shown in Fig. 3.2. light intensity resistance Fig. 3.2 A2Y3BS6 2631 16 [Turn over Light is absorbed as is passes through glass plates (for example, microscope slides). Theory suggests that the light intensity L varies with the number n of glass plates in the light path according to the relation Examiner Only Marks Remark L = L0e n where L0 and are constants. (i) What is the name of this type of relationship? ______________________ [1] (ii) Design an experiment which would allow you to find using an LDR, a small light source, a number of glass plates and a device that measures resistance directly. State what other equipment would be needed, what you would vary and measure, and how you would process the results. Include a diagram of the arrangement. State also a design precaution that you would take to ensure that your results are as accurate as possible. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________[8] Quality of written communication A2Y3BS6 2631 [1] 17 [Turn over THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER A2Y3BS6 2631 18 [Turn over S 3/05 2200 302507(170) [Turn over

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Additional Info : Gce Physics May 2006 Assessment Unit A2 3B, Module 6: Experimental and Investigative Skills
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