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GCE JAN 2007 : AS 1 Forces and Electricity

18 pages, 35 questions, 1 questions with responses, 1 total responses,

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January 2007 Physics assessing Module 1: Forces and Electricity ASY11 Assessment Unit AS 1 [ASY11] WEDNESDAY 17 JANUARY, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seven questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 60. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 5(b)(ii). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Your attention is drawn to the Data and Formulae Sheet which is inside this question paper. You may use an electronic calculator. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Marks ASY1W7 2936 Marks If you need the values of physical constants to answer any questions in this paper, they may be found on the Data and Formula Sheet. Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions. 1 (a) Table 1.1 lists a number of quantities. Complete the table by placing a tick ( ) in the appropriate box to indicate whether each quantity is a scalar or a vector. Table 1.1 Physical quantity Scalar Vector Density Momentum Temperature Kinetic energy Displacement Speed [3] (b) A car and its driver have a total mass M. It moves up a slope inclined at angle to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 1.1. mass M 3 20-10-06RR Fig. 1.1 2 19-09-06RR Write down expressions for the magnitudes of the components of the weight of the car and its driver normal and parallel to the slope. Component normal to slope = ___________ [3] 1 22/8/06EA Component parallel to slope = ___________ ASY1W7 2936 2 [Turn over 2 (a) (i) Define the centre of gravity of a body. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) A non-uniform rod of mass 5.50 kg and length 2.00 m is pivoted at a point P at one end of the rod. The rod is held horizontally by a tension of 50.0 N acting vertically in a light string fixed to the other end of the rod, as shown in Fig. 2.1. 50.0 N P 2.00 m Fig. 2.1 Distance of centre of gravity from the point P = ___________ m [3] (b) State both the conditions for a body to be in equilibrium under the action of a number of coplanar forces. 1. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3 20-10-06RR 2. _______________________________________________________ 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR ______________________________________________________ [2] ASY1W7 2936 3 [Turn over (c) Parascending is a very popular activity at many holiday resorts. In parascending, a person equipped with a parachute travels through the air above the sea when towed by a motor boat moving with a constant velocity. The arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 2.2. Examiner Only Marks Remark constant velocity 35 horizontal Fig. 2.2 The person is in equilibrium under the action of three coplanar forces: the person s weight of 700 N, the tension in the tow line of 1700 N, the lift force L provided by the parachute. This force acts at 60 to the horizontal. 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR (i) Consider the person as a point mass. On Fig. 2.3 draw a welllabelled diagram to show the forces acting on the person. The forces must be labelled together with appropriate angles to identify them. [2] 1 22/8/06EA Fig. 2.3 Force diagram ASY1W7 2936 4 [Turn over (ii) Write down an equation which would allow the magnitude of the lift force L to be calculated. Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Explain how a vector diagram of these three coplanar forces would indicate that the person is in equilibrium. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR ___________________________________________________ [1] ASY1W7 2936 5 [Turn over 3 (a) Starting at time t = 0 a particle moves from rest along a straight line. A student is given the velocity of the particle at a number of instants of time. Unfortunately, the student draws a graph with t as the vertical axis and the velocity v as the horizontal axis. This graph is shown in Fig. 3.1. Examiner Only Marks Remark t t3 t2 t1 0 0 v Fig. 3.1 Describe in words the velocity and the acceleration of the particle for the following time intervals: (i) from t = 0 to t = t1, ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) from t = t1 to t = t2, ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) from t = t2 to t = t3. 3 20-10-06RR ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Write down the equation of motion which describes the velocity of the particle from t = 0 to t = t1. 2 19-09-06RR ___________________________________________________ [1] 1 22/8/06EA (v) Explain how the acceleration of the particle may be determined for the period from t = 0 to t = t1 from the graph on Fig. 3.1. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] ASY1W7 2936 6 [Turn over (b) An athlete runs a hundred-metre race. He accelerates uniformly from rest for the first 40.0 m. He then continues to run the remainder of the race at the velocity attained after the initial period of acceleration. He completes this final part of the race in 4.62 s. Calculate the total time taken by the athlete for the race. Remark [5] 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR Total time = ___________ s Examiner Only Marks ASY1W7 2936 7 [Turn over 4 (a) (i) State the principle of the conservation of energy. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Describe one example using electrical energy where this principle applies. Name the device involved and state the energy transforms which occur. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (b) A cyclist and her machine have a mass of 77.0 kg. She travels a total distance of 800 m between two hills, as shown in Fig. 4.1. Start 6.20ms 1 Finish 5.10 m s 1 30.0m 3 20-10-06RR 25.0 m horizontal 800 m 2 19-09-06RR Fig. 4.1 1 22/8/06EA At the top of the higher hill her velocity is 6.20 m s 1. She descends the hill and ascends to the top of the next hill where her velocity is 5.10ms 1. Throughout the distance travelled the cyclist contends with an average opposing force of 17.0 N. ASY1W7 2936 8 [Turn over (i) Air resistance is one possible cause for a force which the cyclist must expend energy to overcome. Suggest two other forces which must also be overcome. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Calculate the total change of mechanical energy of the cyclist between the two hill tops. Total energy change = ___________ J [3] 3 20-10-06RR (iii) Calculate the energy contributed by the cyclist for the complete journey between the two hills where the average opposing force of 17.0 N was encountered. [2] 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR Energy contributed = ___________ J ASY1W7 2936 9 [Turn over 5 In part (b)(ii) of this question you should answer in continuous prose. You will be assessed on the quality of your written communication. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) In electrical circuits resistance is a term applied to conductors. Explain the meaning of electrical resistance. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Conductors of identical dimensions frequently have different resistances. Explain fully how high resistances and low resistances are possible for conductors with identical dimensions. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR ___________________________________________________ [2] ASY1W7 2936 10 [Turn over (b) (i) A length of pure metal wire is heated from a temperature of 0 C to 50 C. On Fig. 5.1 sketch a graph to show how the resistance of the wire changes during this temperature change. Examiner Only Marks Remark Resistance 0 0 50 Temperature/ C [2] Fig. 5.1 (ii) By considering the behaviour of the free charge carriers and the atoms in the wire, suggest an explanation for the change of resistance which occurs in the wire when it is heated. Assume that the dimensions of the wire do not significantly alter. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] [1] 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR Quality of written communication ASY1W7 2936 11 [Turn over 6 (a) Four resistors are connected in a network ABCD as shown in Fig. 6.1. The resistance of each resistor is marked on the network. B 2.0 Examiner Only Marks Remark C 3.0 4.0 A D 9.0 Fig. 6.1 State the pair of terminals in this network between which the resistance is maximum and calculate its value. Maximum between ________ and ________ [3] 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR Maximum resistance = ___________ ASY1W7 2936 12 [Turn over (b) The network of resistors in Fig. 6.1 is connected to a battery. One terminal of the battery is connected to B and the other battery terminal is connected in series with a 5.0 resistor to the point D of the network, as shown in Fig. 6.2. The battery has an e.m.f. of 12.0 V and an internal resistance of 1.0 . 2.0 B 4.0 A 1.0 Remark C 3.0 12.0 V Examiner Only Marks 9.0 D 5.0 Fig. 6.2 (i) Calculate the total external resistance now connected to the battery. 3 20-10-06RR Total resistance = ___________ [3] 2 19-09-06RR (ii) Calculate the power dissipated in the 5.0 resistor. 1 22/8/06EA Power dissipated = ___________W ASY1W7 2936 13 [3] [Turn over 7 (a) A potential divider circuit is shown in Fig. 7.1. The output voltage VO is obtained between the terminals A and B. The variable resistors R1 and R2 have full ranges of 400 and 100 respectively and the supply voltage is 20.0 V. 100 Examiner Only Marks Remark R2 20.0V A 400 R1 VO B Fig. 7.1 (i) When R1 is varied through its full range of resistance, the range of output voltage variation obtained between A and B depends on the value of resistance set on R2. The range of output voltage variation between A and B is a maximum when R2 is set to zero resistance. What is this maximum range of output voltage? Maximum range of output voltage: 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR from ___________ V to ___________ V [1] ASY1W7 2936 14 [Turn over (ii) State the required value of resistance of R2, to obtain the minimum possible range of output voltage variation between A and B, when R1 is varied through its full range. Calculate this minimum range of output voltage. Value of R2 for minimum range = ___________ Examiner Only Marks Remark [1] Minimum range of output voltage: from ___________V to ___________ V [1] (b) (i) For the potential divider of Fig. 7.1 both R1 and R2 are set to their mid-range values. Calculate the theoretical output voltage between A and B. Theoretical output voltage between A and B = ___________ V [2] 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR (ii) For the potential divider arrangement described in (b)(i) a voltmeter of internal resistance 800 is now connected between A and B. Calculate the difference between the measured value shown by this voltmeter and the theoretical value calculated in (b)(i). Voltage difference = ___________ V ASY1W7 2936 15 [3] [Turn over S 8/06 2300 61-007-1 1 22/8/06EA 2 19-09-06RR 3 20-10-06RR GCE Physics (Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced) Data and Formulae Sheet Values of constants speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.00 108 m s 1 permeability of a vacuum 0 = 4 10 7 H m 1 permittivity of a vacuum 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m 1 1 = 8.99 109 F 1 m 4 0 ( ) e = 1.60 10 19 C the Planck constant h = 6.63 10 34 J s unified atomic mass unit 1 u = 1.66 10 27 kg mass of electron me = 9.11 10 31 kg mass of proton mp = 1.67 10 27 kg molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 the Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 1023 mol 1 the Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 10 23 J K 1 gravitational constant G = 6.67 10 11 N m2 kg 2 acceleration of free fall on the Earth s surface g = 9.81 m s 2 electron volt 1 16.8.06RTS elementary charge 1 eV = 1.60 10 19 J ASY11INS ASY1W7 2396 USEFUL FORMULAE The following equations may be useful in answering some of the questions in the examination: Thermal physics Mechanics Momentum-impulse relation mv mu = Ft for a constant force Average kinetic energy of a molecule 1 m<c2> 2 Power P = Fv Kinetic theory pV = 1 Nm <c2> 3 Conservation of energy 1 mv 2 2 1 mu 2 = Fs 2 for a constant force Simple harmonic motion Displacement x = x0 cos t or x = x0 sin t Velocity v = x 0 2 x 2 Simple pendulum T = 2 l / g Loaded helical spring T = 2 m / k Medical physics Sound intensity level/dB = 10 lg10(I/I0) Sound intensity difference/dB = 10 lg10(I2/I1) Resolving power sin = / D Waves = ay/d Diffraction grating Capacitors in parallel 11 1 1 = + + C C1 C 2 C 3 C = C1 + C2 + C3 Time constant = RC Capacitors in series Electromagnetism Magnetic flux density due to current in (i)i long straight (i)i solenoid B= (ii) long straight (i)i conductor B= 0NI l 0I 2 a Alternating currents A.c. generator d sin = n E = E0 sin t = BAN sin t Lens formula Stress and Strain Hooke s law F = kx Strain energy E = <F > x (= 1 Fx = 1 kx 2 2 2 if Hooke s law is obeyed) Electricity Potential divider r 2396 Vout = R1Vin/(R1 + R2) A = N A = A0e t t1 = 0.693/ 2 Photoelectric effect 1 mv2 = max 2 de Broglie equation 1/u + 1/v = 1/ f Radioactive decay Half life Light 1 16.8.06RTS Capacitors Particles and photons Two-slit interference ASY1W7 = 3 kT 2 = h /p Particle Physics Nuclear radius 1 r = r0 A3 hf hf0

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Additional Info : Gce Physics January 2007 Assessment Unit AS 1, Module 1: Forces and Electricity
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