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GCE JUN 2006 : AS 1 Forces and Electricity

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education 2006 Physics assessing Module 1: Forces and Electricity ASY11 Assessment Unit AS 1 [ASY11] THURSDAY 22 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Answer all seven questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 60. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 7(a). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Your attention is drawn to the Data and Formulae Sheet which is inside this question paper. You may use an electronic calculator. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ASY1S6 2662 Total Marks Marks If you need the values of physical constants to answer any questions in this paper, they may be found on the Data and Formulae Sheet. Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer all seven questions 1 (a) The SI system uses a number of decimal prefices to indicate factors by which the base unit should be multiplied. For example, a kilometre is 103 times the base unit (the metre), and has the symbol km. The symbol for the decimal prefix kilo is k. Table 1.1, which is incomplete, lists some of these prefices, their symbols, and the factors they represent. The kilo prefix starts the Table as an example. Thereafter the prefices are not given in any particular order. Table 1.1 Pre x kilo nano Symbol k p Factor 103 10 12 micro 106 Complete the Table. [3] (b) Physical quantities can be classified as vectors or scalars. (i) Explain how you decide whether a particular quantity is a vector or a scalar. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] ASY1S6 2662 2 [Turn over (ii) A number of quantities are listed in Table 1.2. Classify them as vectors or scalars. Show your answer by placing a tick in the appropriate column. Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 1.2 Quantity Vector? Scalar? Mass Kinetic energy Momentum Displacement [2] (c) Fig. 1.1 shows two vectors, A and B. B A Fig. 1.1 By drawing on Fig. 1.1, construct the vector (A B). ASY1S6 2662 3 [2] [Turn over 2 (a) What is meant by the statement that a system of forces is in equilibrium? Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) In order to pull a protruding tooth back into line, a metal band is attached to the tooth, as shown in Fig. 2.1. T band tooth to be straightened tooth 150 T Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.1 A simplified diagram of the band and the tooth is shown in Fig. 2.2. The band provides a tension T of 2.5 N at each side of the tooth. The angle between the two parts of the band is 150o. (i) The two parts of the band produce a resultant force F on the tooth. (1) On Fig. 2.2, draw a straight line with an arrow and a label to show the direction of the resultant force F. [1] (2) Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force F. Resultant force = ___________ N ASY1S6 2662 4 [2] [Turn over (ii) In this treatment, the tooth moves so slowly in the gum while its position is being corrected that it is effectively in equilibrium. For equilibrium to exist, another force must act. State the magnitude and direction of this force, and what provides it. Examiner Only Marks Remark Magnitude = ___________ N Direction: ____________________________________________ Provided by: _________________________________________ [2] ASY1S6 2662 5 [Turn over 3 (a) A particle is moving in a straight line. Define the velocity of the body. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) A car driver is convinced that the velocity and acceleration of his vehicle must always be in the same direction, provided he is driving in a straight line. Give a simple argument to make him understand that this is not the case when the car is braking. Make reference to your definition of velocity in (a) and to the definition of acceleration. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [5] ASY1S6 2662 6 [Turn over (c) A weather rocket is fired vertically upwards. It accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 50 m s 1 at time t = 2.0 s to 150 m s 1 at t = 12.0 s. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) On Fig. 3.1, draw a graph to show how the velocity v of the rocket depends on time t. [1] 200 v/m s 1 150 100 50 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 t/s 12 Fig. 3.1 (ii) Using your graph, or otherwise, find the vertical distance travelled by the rocket between t = 4.0 s and t = 10.0 s. Distance = ___________ m ASY1S6 2662 [2] 7 [Turn over 4 (a) Distinguish between kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy. Examiner Only Marks Remark Kinetic energy: ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Gravitational potential energy: ________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) A particle possesses energy in two forms only: kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy. It has total energy 3.0 J and is initially at rest. Its potential energy Ep changes, causing a corresponding change in its kinetic energy Ek. No external work is done on or by the system. On the axes of Fig. 4.1, draw a graph of kinetic energy Ek against potential energy Ep. 4 Ek/J 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 Fig. 4.1 Ep/J 4 Explain how your graph illustrates the principle of conservation of energy. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] ASY1S6 2662 8 [Turn over (c) An AS Physics student plans to enter for the high jump event at the School Sports. She estimates that, if she is to have a chance of winning, she will have to raise her centre of mass by 1.6 m to clear the bar. She will also have to move her centre of mass horizontally at a speed of 0.80 m s 1 at the top of her jump in order to roll over the bar. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) The student s mass is 75 kg. Estimate the total energy required to raise her centre of mass and roll over the bar. Energy = ___________ J [3] (ii) The student assumes that this energy can be supplied entirely from the kinetic energy she will have at the end of her run-up. Estimate the minimum speed she will require at the end of the run-up. Speed = __________ m s 1 ASY1S6 2662 [2] 9 [Turn over 5 (a) A potential difference may exist between two points in an electric circuit. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Define potential difference. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) The unit of potential difference is the volt. Express the volt in terms of the SI base units kg, m, s and A. [4] (b) Fig. 5.1 shows a circuit consisting of a battery of negligible internal resistance connected to a filament lamp through a switch. Fig. 5.1 (i) The e.m.f. of the battery is 6.0 V. The lamp is rated at 12 W. Calculate the current in the circuit when the switch is closed. Current = ___________ A ASY1S6 2662 [1] 10 [Turn over (ii) The connecting wire in the circuit is made of copper and has area of cross-section 4.5 10 7 m2. The number density of free electrons in copper is 8.4 1028 m 3. Calculate the drift speed of the free electrons in the wire. Drift speed = ___________ m s 1 Examiner Only Marks Remark [3] (iii) In the circuit of Fig. 5.1, the lamp comes on at very nearly the same time as the switch is closed. Your answer to (b)(ii) should give a very slow drift speed, so that it would take about an hour for a free electron to travel along the metre or so of wire in the circuit. Describe and explain what happens to the free electrons in the wire when the switch is closed. Hence explain why there is no time delay in the lamp coming on. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [4] ASY1S6 2662 11 [Turn over 6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows two resistors of resistance R1 and R2 connected in parallel. Examiner Only Marks Remark i i2 i1 V1 R1 V2 R2 Fig. 6.1 The currents in, and potential differences across, each resistor are as shown in Fig. 6.1. (i) Write down the relation between the currents i, i1 and i2 shown in Fig. 6.1. Name the conservation principle you have used to obtain this relation. Relation: ______________________________________________ Principle: ___________________________________________ [2] (ii) Write down the relation between the potential differences V1 and V2 shown in Fig. 6.1. Name the conservation principle you have used to obtain this relation. Relation: ______________________________________________ Principle: ___________________________________________ [2] ASY1S6 2662 12 [Turn over (b) A sensitive milliammeter may be converted to a voltmeter by the connection of a multiplier resistor. Examiner Only Marks Remark Fig. 6.2 shows a milliammeter of resistance 20 . The meter requires a current of 5.0 mA for full-scale deflection (f.s.d.). 5.0 mA, 20 A Fig. 6.2 It is required to convert the milliammeter to a voltmeter with a fullscale deflection of 10 V. (i) On Fig. 6.2, draw a resistor symbol to show how the multiplier should be connected. [1] (ii) Calculate the resistance of the multiplier resistor. Resistance = ___________ ASY1S6 2662 [2] 13 [Turn over 7 Part (a) of this question should be answered, where appropriate, in continuous prose. You will be assessed on the quality of your written communication. Examiner Only Marks Remark Your Formulae Sheet gives the following equation for the potential divider: Vout = R1Vin/(R1 + R2) (a) Write a short description of a potential divider. Your answer should include (i) a labelled diagram of the potential divider, showing clearly what the quantities in the equation are, [2] (ii) a description in words of the arrangement drawn in (a)(i), [3] (iii) an explanation of why this circuit arrangement is called a potential divider. [1] (i) Diagram: (ii) Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ASY1S6 2662 14 [Turn over (iii) Explanation: ___________________________________________ Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Quality of written communication [1] (b) In determining the current voltage (I, V) characteristic of a device (for example, a filament lamp), you need a source of e.m.f. which can be varied. You could provide this variation using either a variable resistor connected in series with the device or a potential divider. State one advantage of the potential divider over the series variable resistor. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER ASY1S6 2662 15 [Turn over Examiner Only Marks Remark Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S A- 04/06 - 4800 - 302507(187) SY1S6 2662 16 [Turn over GCE Physics (Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced) Data and Formulae Sheet Values of constants speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.00 108 m s 1 permeability of a vacuum 0 = 4 10 7 H m 1 permittivity of a vacuum 0 = 8.85 10 12 F m 1 1 = 8.99 109 F 1 m 4 0 ( ) elementary charge the Planck constant 1 u = 1.66 10 27 kg mass of electron me = 9.11 10 31 kg mass of proton mp = 1.67 10 27 kg molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 the Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 1023 mol 1 the Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 10 23 J K 1 gravitational constant G = 6.67 10 11 N m2 kg 2 acceleration of free fall on the Earth s surface g = 9.81 m s 2 electron volt 2662.02 h = 6.63 10 34 J s unified atomic mass unit ASY1S6 e = 1.60 10 19 C 1 eV = 1.60 10 19 J ASY11INS USEFUL FORMULAE The following equations may be useful in answering some of the questions in the examination: Thermal physics Mechanics Momentum-impulse relation mv mu = Ft for a constant force Average kinetic energy of a molecule 1 m<c2> 2 Power P = Fv Kinetic theory pV = 1 Nm <c2> 3 Conservation of energy 1 mv 2 2 1 mu 2 = Fs 2 for a constant force Simple harmonic motion Displacement x = x0 cos t or x = x0 sin t Velocity v = x 0 2 x 2 Simple pendulum T = 2 l / g Loaded helical spring T = 2 m / k Medical physics Sound intensity level/dB = 10 lg10(I/I0) Sound intensity difference/dB = 10 lg10(I2/I1) Resolving power sin = / D Waves Capacitors Capacitors in parallel 11 1 1 = + + C C1 C 2 C 3 C = C1 + C2 + C3 Time constant = RC Capacitors in series Electromagnetism Magnetic flux density due to current in (i)i long straight (i)i solenoid B= (ii) long straight (i)i conductor B= 0NI l 0I 2 a Alternating currents A.c. generator E = E0 sin t = BAN sin t Particles and photons Two-slit interference = ay/d Diffraction grating d sin = n Lens formula Stress and Strain Hooke s law F = kx Strain energy E = <F > x (= 1 Fx = 1 kx 2 2 2 if Hooke s law is obeyed) Electricity Potential divider 2662.02 Vout = R1Vin/(R1 + R2) A = N A = A0e t t1 = 0.693/ 2 Photoelectric effect 1 mv2 = max 2 de Broglie equation 1/u + 1/v = 1/ f Radioactive decay Half life Light ASY1S6 = 3 kT 2 = h /p Particle Physics Nuclear radius 1 r = r0 A3 hf hf0

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Additional Info : Gce Physics June 2006 Assessment Unit AS 1, Module 1: Forces and Electricity
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