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GCE MAY 2008 : (A2 2) Reproduction, Genetics and Taxonomic Diver (Irish Medium)

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Uimhir L rionaid 71 Uimhir Iarrth ra ADVANCED General Certificate of Education 2008 Bitheola ocht Aonad Meas naithe A2 2 ag meas n Mod l 5: At irgeadh, G ineola ocht agus ags lacht Thacsanoma och [A2B21] D M IRT 20 BEALTAINE, IARN IN AM 1 uair 30 n im ad. TREOIR D IARRTH IR Scr obh d Uimhir L rionaid agus d Uimhir Iarrth ra sna sp sanna chuige sin ag barr an leathanaigh seo. Scr obh do fhreagra sna sp sanna chuige sin sa cheistph ip ar seo. Freagair gach ceann de na hocht gceist. Don Scr daitheoir amh in Uimhir Ceiste 1 EOLAS D IARRTH IR Is 75 an marc ioml n don ph ip ar seo. T 60 marc ag dul do Roinn A. T 15 mharc ag dul do Roinn B. Ba ch ir duit tuairim is 20 n im ad a chaitheamh ar Roinn B. Glactar leis go bhfreagr idh t Roinn B i bpr s lean nach. Meas n far caighde n na cumars ide scr ofa i Roinn B. L ir onn figi ir idir l ib n ar thaobh na l imhe deise de leathanaigh na marcanna at ag dul do gach ceist n do gach cuid de cheist. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Marc Ioml n A2B21 3670.02 Marcanna LEATHANACH B N A2B21 3670.02 2 [Turn over Rionn A Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc 1 Taispe nann an l ar id th os fadghearradh tr bhall d fh leam ain A sp sanna c al macha put g B C Handbook of Animal Types by Kathleen Cratchley, published by Longman, 1980, page 40 ISBN 0-582-35324-6, reproduced by permission of Pearson Education Ltd (a) Ainmnigh na cisil fh och in A go C. A _______________________________________________________ B _______________________________________________________ C _____________________________________________________ [3] (b) Sainaithin an f leam sa l ar id thuas. M nigh do fhreagra. F leam __________________________________________________ F th ____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 3 [Tiontaigh an leathanach 2 Taispe nann an l ar id th os carait opa daonna. Le carait opa a dh anamh, glactar grianghraf de phas ar leith i dtimthriall cille agus c ir tear na cr mas im ina bp ir homol gacha ansin. 1 2 6 7 13 14 19 20 3 8 4 9 10 15 16 21 Marcanna Athmharc 5 11 Scr daitheoir Amh in 12 17 22 18 XX Foinse: Biological Science 1 & 2 (2nd Edition Combined Edition), NPO Green, GW Stout, DJ Taylor (Ed. R Soper), Cambridge, 1984) (a) Sainaithin an pas i dtimthriall cille ina mbeadh an chuma thuas ar na cr mas im indibhidi la. _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Sainaithin an fhianaise sa charait opa a thugann le fios go bhfuil siondr m Down ar an duine. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] A2B21 3670.02 4 [Turn over (c) Tarla onn siondr m Down mar gheall ar dheighilt lochtach mh iseach ina mb onn neamhscaradh cr mas m i gceist. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc (i) M nigh an t arma neamhscaradh . _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Sainaithin c im na m ise a bhf adfadh neamhscaradh tarl lena linn. ___________________________________________________ [1] (d) Is sampla d aineopl ideacht siondr m Down. M nigh an d igh a bhfuil aineopl ideacht difri il le polapl ideacht. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 5 [Tiontaigh an leathanach Taispe nann na graif th os an d ileadh minic ochta a bh ar mhe chain na on n ag am a mbreithe in ospid al i Londain, 1935 1936 (histeagram), agus an r ta b is na on n maidir le me chan ag am breithe (l ne bhriste). (Taispe ntar me chan in aonaid Impiri la, puint). 50 Marcanna Athmharc 100 10 C atad n na mbreitheanna ioml na 20 Scr daitheoir Amh in C atad n b smhaireachta 3 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Me chan breithe/puint 9 10 11 12 (a) Cuir s os ar na treochta a thaispe ntar sa ghraf. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [3] A2B21 3670.02 6 [Turn over (b) Is minic a chuirtear na sonra sa ghraf chun tosaigh mar shampla de roghn cobhsaithe. M nigh cad a chialla onn roghn cobhsaithe, agus an tionchar a bh onn aige ar mhe chan na on n ag am breithe. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [4] A2B21 3670.02 7 [Tiontaigh an leathanach 4 Is at i gceist sa teicn ocht chaighde nach de thoirchi in-vitro n ollubhsceitheadh a inducht , na huibheacha a bhaint amach as ubhag in na mn agus ligean do speirm iad a thoirchi i me n sreabh nach. Aistr tear suthanna ansin go dt taras an othair le haghaidh ionchlannaithe, agus toirchis d bharr sin. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc An seans go mbeidh leanbh ag l n in indibhidi il i ndiaidh c ire il IVF, t s ag brath ar dh phr omhthoisc, aois na l n ine ar cheann acu. Taispe nann an t bla th os an r ta ratha a bh onn ar an toircheas i ndiaidh aon timthriall ioml n amh in de ch ire il IVF. i dtaca le haois na l n ine de. Taispe nann an t bla na tortha a bh ag clinic c ire la 3 bliana as a ch ile. Aois na l n ine 1996 1997 1998 Faoi bhun 35 28.4% 30.7% 32.2% 35 37 23.4% 25.4% 26.1% 38 40 16.0% 17.0% 17.9% Os cionn 40 6.4% 7.3% 8.3% (a) Taispe nann an t bla gur l seans a bh onn ag l n ineacha n os aosta toircheas rath il a bheith acu i ndiaidh c ire il IVF. Luaigh f th amh in leis seo. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) B'fh idir gurb an tsainoilteacht at forbartha ag na clinic c ire la an dara toisc a fh gann go n- ireoidh le c ire il IVF. C n fhianaise at sa t bla thuas, dar leat, a thabharfadh le fios gurb seo an c s? __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] A2B21 3670.02 8 [Turn over An neamhthorth lacht a tharla mar gheall ar fhadhbanna leis an fhead n fhall pach, forbra odh IVF ar dt s chun seo a sh r . Fuarthas amach, fach, go s r fa c iseanna eile le neamhthorth lacht nuair a bheadh IVF in s id le teicn ochta eile a forbra odh ar na mallaibh. Ar na teicn ochta seo t : Instealladh speirme inc teaplasmach (ICSI) instealltar n icl as speirme d reach isteach san ubh tr mhicrionramh il a s id M thairionada ocht ionchlanna tear an ch im shuthach isteach in taras gabh lach mn n r chuir na huibheacha ar f il Marcanna Athmharc Cri -chaomhn (reo) uibheacha na mn si d a chaillfeadh a stoc uibheacha san ubhag n mar gheall ar cheimiteiripe lean nach, f gann an teicn ocht seo go bhf adfadh siad bheith torrach san am le teacht Scr daitheoir Amh in Diagn is gh initeach roimh an ionchlann (PGD) t st iltear an suth le haghaidh neamhord g initeach roimh ionchlann san taras. (c) Seachas na fadhbanna sin a bhaineann leis an fhead n fhall pach, t alanga speirme, cliseadh ubhsceite agus inmheatr is (n ir onn an t- taras gabh lach) ar na pr omhch iseanna le neamhthorth lacht. An fhaisn is thuas agus/n do thuiscint f in in s id agat, luaigh c ire il a bheadh f irsteanach do gach ceann de na c iseanna seo. M nigh do fhreagra i ngach c s. alanga speirme _______________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Cliseadh ubhsceite _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Inmheatr is ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [5] (d) Mholfa diagn is gh initeach roimh an ionchlann (PGD) do l n ineacha irithe. Cad chuige, dar leat? _________________________________________________________ A2B21 ______________________________________________________ [1] 3670.02 9 [Tiontaigh an leathanach (e) Luaigh dh mh rcheist eitici la at i ndiaidh teacht chun cinn maidir le IVF agus na forbairt a bhaineann leis. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc 1. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 10 [Turn over 5 (a) Taispe nann an l ar id cairp al (stiogma, st l agus ubhag n) de phlanda bl thanna. Taispe ntar chomh maith gr inn pailine ag c imeanna difri la d fh s fead in phailnigh. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc n icl as gini nach n icl is pholacha X ubhchill gaim it fireanna (i) L ir onn gr inne pailine an ghaim itef t fhireann den phlanda bl thanna. M nigh c n d igh. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Ainmnigh an strucht r at lip adaithe X. __________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Cui s os ar a dtarla onn do na gaim it fireanna i ndiaidh go sroicheann an fead n pailneach an strucht r at lip adaithe X. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 11 [Tiontaigh an leathanach (b) T dh fhoirm de phlanda sa sabhairc n (Primula vulgaris): biorsh ileach agus tamhans ileach. Sna planda biorsh ileacha, t na stiogma n os airde sa bhl th n na hantair, ach sna planda tamhans ileacha is a mhalairt at f or, mar a thaispe ntar sa l ar id. Bl th biorsh ileach Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc Bl th tamhans ileach stiogma antar antar stiogma st l ubhag n Foinse: Ecological Genetics, EB Ford, Methuen (London), 1965 Cuireadh an tuairim chun tosaigh gurb su omh na stiogma agus na n-antar sa d fhoirm a spreagann crosphailni feithid a th ann go dt an bl th, baileoidh s pailin ar an chuid sin d corp a fhreagra onn do shu omh an stiogma ar an fhoirm eile. (i) Na stiogma ar an phlanda bhiorsh ileach agus an phlanda thamhans ileach, rinneadh anail s orthu araon do na cine lacha difri la pailine (arna n-ainmni biorphailin agus tamhanphailin) a bheith i l thair. Taispe ntar na tortha sa t bla th os. Minic ocht Biorphailin Tamhanphailin Stiogma an bhl tha bhiorsh iligh 183 267 Stiogma an bhl tha thamhans iligh 305 145 Tugann na sonra sa t bla thuas le fios go bhfuil crosphailni spreagadh. M nigh c n d igh. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 12 [Turn over (ii) M aistr tear pailin, fi go dt stiogma den chine l ch anna planda, n l s cinnte go mbeidh toirchi ann. F in-neamhchomhoiri nacht a thugtar ar an ch s seo. Taispe nann an t bla th os an d igh a bhfreagra onn pailin i ndiaidh di stiogma den chine l ch anna planda a shroicheadh. Biorphailin ar bhiorstiogma Pailin ag gream de stiogma An c atad n de ghr inn pailine a ph acann An m id a fh sann an f ad n pailneach s os sa st l Go dona 30% 70% Go dona Marcanna Athmharc Tamhanphailin ar tamhanstiogma Go maith Scr daitheoir Amh in Gan f s ar bith na sonra thuas, c n planda is m a l ir onn an sampla is ioml ine d fh in-neamhchomhoiri nacht? M nigh do fhreagra. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (c) M nigh na bunt ist a bhaineann le crosphailni i bplanda amhail an sabhairc n. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] A2B21 3670.02 13 [Tiontaigh an leathanach 6 (a) Pl igh na himeachta i m is a mh n onn dl the oidhreacht lachta Mendel. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc (i) Ch ad dl Mendel dl an leithscartha. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Dara dl Mendel dl na saorsh rt la. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (b) Oidhreacht lacht cruth tortha i bpuimc n an tsamhraidh (Cucurbita pepo) t s rial ag dh gh in, A/a agus B/b, a bh onn ag idirghn omh le ch ile. Faightear an d gh in seo go neamhsple ch le hoidhreacht. Is f idir go dt irgfear 3 chruth de thoradh aill il cheannasach ag an d l cas, f gann s go mbeidh cruth diosca ar an toradh aill il cheannasach ag ceann ar bith den d l cas, f gann s go mbeidh cruth sf ir ar an toradh gan aill il cheannasach ar bith ann, b onn an toradh fada. (i) Planda dar g init opa AABB, cros iltear le planda dar g init opa aabb. T op il an g init opa agus an f init opa a bheidh ag an sliocht a th irgfear sa chros il seo. G init opa _____________________ F init opa _____________________ A2B21 3670.02 14 [2] [Turn over (ii) Planda an tsleachta a th irgtear sa chros il thall, ligtear d ibh bheith ag f in-toirchi . T op il na g init opa is f idir a th irgfear sa chros il seo agus na comhr ireanna f init opacha (cruth toraidh) a mbeif ag s il leo. Taispe in do chuid oibre i l ar id gh initeach sa sp s th os. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc [5] A2B21 3670.02 15 [Tiontaigh an leathanach 7 Sa seilide band ilte (Cepaea nemoralis) b onn dath bu (cuma ghlas agus an seilide beo istigh ann) n dath b ndearg ar an bhlaosc. I sampla de 300 seilide phobal i limist ar dumhcha gar do thr Aird Mhic Ghiollag in, bh blaosc bhu ag 192 acu. T op iltear dath na blaoisce go g initeach agus is dath b ndearg a l ir onn an aill il cheannasach. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc (a) (i) R omh comhr ir an phobail a bhfuil blaosc bhu acu. __________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Ag glacadh leis go bhfuil an pobal i gcothroma ocht HardyWeinberg maidir le dath blaoisce, r omh an mhinic ocht choibhneasta don aill il bhu agus an mhinic ocht choibhneasta don aill il bh ndearg, agus an l on sa sampla de 300 a mbeif ag s il leo a bheith heitrisigeach. (Taispe in do chuid oibre sa sp s th os.) Minic ocht choibhneasta don aill il bhu ______________ Minic ocht choibhneasta don aill il bh ndearg ______________ L on na seilid heitrisigeacha sa sampla ______________ [3] A2B21 3670.02 16 [Turn over (b) D anann sm laigh creach ireacht ar na seilid seo. I ndiaidh don sm lach an seilide a ghabh il, buaileann s an bhlaosc ar chloch chun a oscailt. Nuair a ini chtar, mar sin, na blaoscanna a fhaightear ag na su mh inneonach seo nochtfar minic ochta na gcine lacha a ndearnadh creach ireacht orthu. Ar na 35 blaosc a fuarthas ag su mh d leith id, bh dath bu ar 28 acu. Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc (i) Na seilid a ndearnadh creach ireacht orthu, r omh an chomhr ir d obh a raibh blaosc bhu acu. __________________________________________________ [1] (ii) n fhaisn is seo ar chreach ireacht, an f idir glacadh leis go bhfuil an pobal i gcothroma ocht Hardy Weinberg maidir le dath blaoisce? M nigh do fhreagra. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (iii) I staid ir eile cuireadh an tuairim chun tosaigh go dt gann creachad ir n os m , go comhr ireach, den chine l choitianta nuair a bh onn rogha idir na creachaithe acu. I bpobal polamorfach, c n d igh, dar leat, a mairfeadh an d chine l (an seilide bu agus an seilide b ndearg, mar shampla) mar gheall ar a leith id seo de chreach ireacht? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [3] A2B21 3670.02 17 [Tiontaigh an leathanach Roinn B Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc Sa roinn seo t thar ag s il leis go dtabharfaidh t do fhreagra i bpr s lean nach, le l ar id mar thaca ocht leis san it ar cu sin. Cuirtear i gcuimhne duit go bhfuil suas le dh mharc sa cheist seo ag dul do chaighde n na cumars ide scr ofa. [2] 8 Na baill sna r ochta difri la, scr obh cuntas ar na modhanna a bh onn acu le bia a fh il. [13] ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ A2B21 3670.02 18 [Turn over Scr daitheoir Amh in ____________________________________________________________ Marcanna Athmharc ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ A2B21 3670.02 19 [Tiontaigh an leathanach ____________________________________________________________ Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ A2B21 3670.02 20 [Turn over Scr daitheoir Amh in ____________________________________________________________ Marcanna Athmharc ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ A2B21 3670.02 21 [Tiontaigh an leathanach ____________________________________________________________ Scr daitheoir Amh in Marcanna Athmharc ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ A2B21 3670.02 22 [Turn over SEO DEIREADH AN SCR DPH IP IR A2B21 3670 23 Cuireadh isteach ar chead chun an t- bhar c ipchirt uile a at irgeadh. I gc sanna irithe is f idir n r irigh le CCEA teagmh il a dh anamh le h in ir c ipchirt agus beidh s s sta na hadmh lacha sin a f gadh ar l r a chur ina gceart amach anseo ach a chur ar an eolas.

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Additional Info : Gce Biology May 2008 Assessment Unit A2 2 - Module 5: Reproduction, Genetics and Taxonomic Diversity(Irish Medium)
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