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GCE JAN 2008 : (A2 1) Co-ordination, Biochemistry and Environment

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED General Certificate of Education January 2008 Biology assessing Module 4: Co-ordination, Biochemistry and Environment A2B11 Assessment Unit A2 1 [A2B11] WEDNESDAY 9 JANUARY, MORNING TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all eight questions. You are provided with Photograph 4.7 for use with Question 7 in this paper. Do not write your answer on this photograph. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 75. Section A carries 60 marks. Section B carries 15 marks. You should spend approximately 20 minutes on Section B. You are expected to answer Section B in continuous prose. Quality of written communication will be assessed in Section B. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A2B11 3642 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Marks Marks Section A Examiner Only Marks 1 Remark The retina of the human eye contains rod and cone cells. (a) The table below contains some statements about rod and cone cells. Complete the table by placing a tick ( ) if the statement is correct and a cross ( ) if the statement is incorrect. (Do not leave any boxes blank.) Statement Rods Cones Concentrated at the fovea centralis Exhibit retinal convergence Provide visual acuity Contain the pigment rhodopsin Function in low light intensities [5] (b) Describe how light is accommodated (focused) onto the retina when looking at a distant object. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] A2B11 3642 2 [Turn over 2 The flow diagram below represents key stages in the process of glycolysis. Examiner Only Marks Remark Glucose 2ATP Fructose bisphosphate 2 2 Triose phosphate Glycerate bisphosphate 2 Pyruvate (a) Indicate, on the diagram above, where the following are produced. NADH (reduced NAD) ATP [2] (b) Under anaerobic conditions, NADH cannot be oxidised using oxygen. However, without it being oxidised, glycolysis cannot continue and so cannot generate ATP. Explain the processes by which NADH is oxidised under anaerobic conditions in mammalian muscle tissue and in yeast. Mammalian muscle tissue ________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Yeast ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [4] A2B11 3642 3 [Turn over 3 The diagram below summarises the cell-mediated immune response usually stimulated by the presence of non-self cells in the body. Examiner Only Marks Remark non-self cell n tio c tru s de sensitised T-cell many mitotic divisions killer T-cells suppressor T-cells helper T-cells memory T-cells regulation Advanced Biology 3rd edition by J Simkins & J I Williams, published by Collins Educational, 1992, page 187, ISBN 0-00-322276-4. Reprinted by permission of Harper Collins Publishers Ltd. http://harpercollins.co.uk (a) (i) What structures on the surface of the non-self cells cause the T-cell to become sensitised? __________________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Outline one way in which killer T-cells may bring about destruction of the non-self cell. _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Describe one way in which helper T-cells assist the functioning of the immune system. _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [1] A2B11 3642 4 [Turn over (b) Describe two ways in which active and passive immunity differ. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [2] (c) When a person is vaccinated they may be injected with a weakened or dead form of the pathogen. Outline how such an injection brings about long-term immunity. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [3] A2B11 3642 5 [Turn over 4 In an experiment on the control of flowering in short-day plants, the upper leaves were removed from two Chrysanthemum plants. The shoot apex is the site of future flower production. The upper and lower regions of each plant were subjected to different photoperiodic treatments. These treatments and the subsequent flowering response are illustrated in the diagram below. Long days Remark Short days Short days Examiner Only Marks Long days Perspectives in Advanced Biology by Martin Hanson, published by Hodder & Stoughton, 1999, ISBN 0 340 66443 6, Reproduced by permission of Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. (a) Explain why the experiment provides evidence that the flowering photoperiod is perceived by leaves. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) Explain how the experiment suggests the involvement of a hormone in the flowering response. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] A2B11 3642 6 [Turn over (c) Describe the sequence of events in a short-day plant, such as Chrysanthemum, which lead to flowering. Examiner Only Marks Remark __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [4] A2B11 3642 7 [Turn over 5 The diagram below represents a neurone. Examiner Only Marks Remark cell body myelin sheath skin or other sensitive area A B Perspectives in Advanced Biology by Martin Hanson, published by Hodder & Stoughton, 1999, ISBN 0 340 66443 6, Reproduced by permission of Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. (a) Identify the structures labelled A and B. A ___________________________________ B ___________________________________ [2] (b) Identify the type of neurone illustrated in the diagram. ______________________________________________________________ [1] (c) Place an arrow on the diagram to indicate the direction of an impulse for this type of neurone. [1] (d) Where would you expect to find the cell body of this neurone in relation to the central nervous system? _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] A2B11 3642 8 [Turn over (e) (i) The myelin sheath, labelled on the diagram, helps to speed up the rate of impulse transmission. Outline how this is brought about. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Outline one other characteristic of a neurone that speeds up impulse transmission. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] A2B11 3642 9 [Turn over The graph below shows the use of artificial fertiliser worldwide between 1950 and 2000, and in Northern Ireland between 1980 and 2000. Use of fertiliser worldwide/10 6 tonnes 160 Remark 160 Worldwide N. Ireland 120 120 80 80 40 40 0 1950 Examiner Only Marks 1960 1970 1980 1990 Use of fertiliser in N. Ireland/10 3 tonnes 6 0 2000 Year (a) Calculate, for the year 1980, the use of fertiliser in N. Ireland as a percentage of worldwide use. (Show your working in the space below.) Answer _________% [3] A2B11 3642 10 [Turn over (b) Describe the sequence of events that begin with the application of artificial fertiliser on farmland and ends with the death of fish in waterways such as Lough Neagh. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [4] (c) Calculate the percentage decrease in the use of artificial fertiliser in N. Ireland from 1990 to 2000. (Show your working in the space below.) Answer _________% [2] (d) Suggest one reason for the decrease in the use of artificial fertiliser from 1990. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] A2B11 3642 11 [Turn over 7 Photograph 4.7 shows a transmission electronmicrograph (colour-enhanced) of part of a plant cell showing mitochondria and a chloroplast. (a) Identify the structures labelled A to D, and in each case state the biochemical process that takes place there. Structure Name of structure Biochemical process associated with this structure A B C D Examiner Only Marks Remark [8] (b) Identify the structures labelled L and M, and compare their chemical composition. L ______________________________________________________ M ______________________________________________________ Comparison of chemical composition __________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [4] A2B11 3642 12 [Turn over Section B Examiner Only Marks Remark In this section you are expected to answer in continuous prose, supported, where appropriate, by diagrams. You are reminded that up to two marks in this question are awarded for the quality of written communication. [2] 8 Give an account of homeostasis in mammals with particular reference to temperature regulation and osmoregulation. [13] _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 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_____________________________________________________________ A2B11 3642 16 [Turn over Examiner Only _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ A2B11 3642 17 Marks Remark THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER A2B11 3642 18 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if noti ed. S 2B11 3642 A 4/07 302-034-1 20 [Turn over A2B1W8 3642.02 A2B11IN1 Cell membrane A B L GCE Biology Advanced Assessment Unit A2 1 Module 4: Co-ordination, Biochemistry and Environment January 2008 Photograph 4.7 (for use with Question 7) M Source: www.sciencephoto.com D C

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Additional Info : Gce Biology January 2008 Assessment Unit A2 1 - Module 4: Co-ordination, Biochemistry and Environment
Tags : General Certificate of Education, A Level and AS Level, uk, council for the curriculum examinations and assessment, gce exam papers, gce a level and as level exam papers , gce past questions and answer, gce past question papers, ccea gce past papers, gce ccea past papers

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