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GCE JAN 2011 : (AS 1) Physical Geography - Revised

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education January 2011 Geography assessing Physical Geography AG111 Assessment Unit AS 1 [AG111] FRIDAY 14 JANUARY, MORNING TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Section A: candidates must answer this section. Section B: answer all three questions in this section. You should write your answers for Section A and Section B in the spaces provided in this question paper. Section C: answer any two questions from this section. Write your answers to Section C on the lined paper at the end of this booklet. At the end of the examination your summary of fieldwork and table of data should be attached securely to this paper using the treasury tag supplied. 111545 INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Quality of written communication will be assessed in all questions. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of the pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. 6417 For Examiner s use only Question Marks Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Marks Section A Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer this section Submitted summary of fieldwork and table of data. At the end of the examination these should be attached securely to this paper using the treasury tag supplied. 1 (a) An awareness of hazards/risks and contingency plans is essential when planning fieldwork. Discuss this statement with reference to your fieldwork planning. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [6] (b) Select one of the following statistical techniques which could be used for the analysis of your fieldwork data. Your selected technique must be relevant to your fieldwork aim/hypothesis. Spearman s Rank Correlation Nearest Neighbour Analysis Mean, median, mode and range 6417 2 [Turn over (i) In the box below apply your selected statistical technique to your data and, if relevant, comment on the statistical significance of the outcome. (Formulae and significance graphs are provided [7] Resource 1A and Resource 1B overleaf.) Examiner Only Marks Remark All calculations must be shown clearly in the box below. Statistical technique selected: ______________________________________________[no mark] 6417 3 [Turn over Resource 1A Spearman s Rank Correlation Equation and Significance Charts 6 d 2 rs = 1 n3 n Formula: where d = the difference in rank of the values of each matched pair n = the number of ranked pairs = the sum of Spearman s Rank Correlation Significance Graph and Table Critical values for rs 5.0p 1.0p Spearman s Rank Correlation Coefficient 1.0 0.1p Significant 0.8 0.6 0.4 99.9% Non-significant 99% 0.2 95% 0.1 4 6 8 10 25 50 100 Degrees of freedom [Number of ranked pairs (n) 2] Critical values of Spearman s Rank Correlation Coefficient, rs Significance level degrees of freedom 0.01 (1%) 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 20 25 30 40 50 6417 5390 0.05 (5%) 0.88 0.83 0.80 0.77 0.72 0.68 0.64 0.60 0.57 0.50 0.47 0.44 0.39 0.35 0.31 1.00 0.96 0.91 0.87 0.84 0.80 0.77 0.74 0.71 0.65 0.59 0.54 0.48 0.43 0.38 44 [Turn over [Turn over Resource 1B Resource 1B Formula: Nearest Neighbour Index Equation Nearest Neighbour Index Equation and Significance Graph n Rn = 2d A where d = the mean distance between nearest neighbours n = number of points A = area in question Significance Graph Nearest Neighbour Index Significance Graph Rn values Regular 2.15 2.0 Significantly regular 1.5 Random Significantly random 1.0 0.5 Significantly clustered Clustered 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Number of points (n) 6417 5390 55 [Turn over [Turn over (ii) Having completed your statistical analysis, discuss the geographical/theoretical factors which may explain your result in question 1(b)(i). Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [6] (c) Study Resource 1C, which shows some of the factors which can be considered when evaluating a field study. Resource 1C Questionnaire Design Sampling Method Time of the Year FIELDWORK EVALUATION FACTORS Group Organisation Weather Conditions Type of Fieldwork Equipment Source: Principal Examiner 6417 6 [Turn over Explain how any two of these factors may have influenced the nature and reliability of your geographical conclusion. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [8] (d) Explain one way in which your chosen fieldwork location proved to be either suitable or unsuitable for the investigation of the geographical aim of your study. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [3] 6417 7 [Turn over Section B Answer all three questions in this section. 2 (a) Study Resource 2 which shows pools and riffles. Resource 2 Riffle Pool Source: Principal Examiner Long Profile High flow Intermediate flow Low flow Riffle Water s urface Pool Riffle Pool Meander wavelength Riffle Pool Rivers by Michael Raw, 2007, published by Philip Allan Updates. Reproduced by permission of Hodder and Stoughton Ltd. ISBN 9781844892235 6417 8 [Turn over Describe the contrasting characteristics of pools and riffles and explain their formation within the river channel. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [6] (b) Select one factor from the list below and explain how it influences the storage and transfer of water within the drainage basin. Geology Soil Type Relief _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [4] 6417 9 [Turn over (c) Describe one factor which influences the rate of delta formation. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [2] 6417 1 0 [Turn over Examiner Only Marks Remark BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) 6417 1 1 [Turn over 3 (a) Study Resource 3 which illustrates a natural mid-latitude grassland ecosystem in North America. Examiner Only Marks Remark Kentucky Bluegrass Prairie Dock Mull humus rich in organic matter Prairie Dropseed Crumb structure Pale Purple Coneflower Clay / Loam Texture Big Bluestem A Horizon (1m) Little Bluestem Smooth Brome Resource 3 Deep nutrient-rich topsoil PH7 C Horizon Janet Wissink (i) Use Resource 3 to help you describe any one characteristic of the natural grassland vegetation. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] 6417 1 2 [Turn over (ii) With reference to Resource 3, explain the impact of monoculture on the vegetation and soil of this ecosystem. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [6] (b) Describe how nutrients are cycled within a small scale ecosystem you have studied. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [5] 6417 1 3 [Turn over 4 (a) Study Resource 4 which shows changes in seven weather elements associated with the passage of a warm front in a mid-latitude depression. Examiner Only Marks Remark Resource 4 ELEMENTS 5 Rainfall over 4 hours (mm) 0 16 Temperature 8 ( C) 0 Humidity (%) 80 40 0 1020 Air pressure (mb) 1000 980 Wind direction and speed (knots) N N N W E W E W E W E 0 S S Cirrus Cloud type and relative height Cloud cover (oktas) N 25 S S Altostratus Stratus Nimbostratus Cumulus Clouds 0600 0800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 3pm Adapted from Practical Geography local weather by David Holmes, Geography Review, Vol. 20, Number 1, published by Philip Allan Updates. Reproduced by permission of Hodder Education . 6417 1 4 [Turn over Describe and explain, with reference to any four of the elements, the weather associated with the passage of the warm front at 3pm. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [8] (b) Explain the importance of ocean currents in relation to the global energy balance. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [4] 6417 1 5 [Turn over Section C Examiner Only Marks Remark Answer any two questions in this section. 5 The causes of flooding, although complex, are related predominantly to climatic factors. To what extent do you agree that this statement is valid for the large scale drainage basin or delta you have studied? [12] 6 Explain the processes of environmental change which have produced all the stages in a vegetation succession you have studied at a small or regional scale. [12] 7 With reference to a hurricane or tropical cyclone you have studied at a national or regional scale, evaluate the protective measures used to [12] reduce the loss of life and damage to property. 6417 1 6 [Turn over Question Number Number your answers clearly ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 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____________________________________________________________________________ 6417 5390 27 17 [[Turn over Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 111545

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Additional Info : Gce Geography January 2011 Assessment Unit AS 1 Physical Geography - Revised
Tags : General Certificate of Education, A Level and AS Level, uk, council for the curriculum examinations and assessment, gce exam papers, gce a level and as level exam papers , gce past questions and answer, gce past question papers, ccea gce past papers, gce ccea past papers

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