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Kabulliwala

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Divya Basnal
R. B. K. School (RBK), Mira Road
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The Works of Rabindranath Tagore consist of poems, novels, short stories, dramas, paintings, drawings, and music that Bengali poet and Brahmo philosopher Rabindranath Tagore created over his lifetime. Tagore's literary reputation is disproportionately influenced very much by regard for his poetry; however, he also wrote novels, essays, short stories, travelogues, dramas, and thousands of songs. Of Tagore's prose, his short stories are perhaps most highly regarded; indeed, he is credited with originating the Bengali-language version of the genre. His works are frequently noted for their rhythmic, optimistic, and lyrical nature. However, such stories mostly borrow from deceptively simple subject matter the lives of ordinary people. Tagore's experiences with drama began when he was sixteen. Tagore wrote his first original dramatic piece when he was twenty Valmiki Pratibha. In 1890 he wrote Visarjan which has been regarded as his finest drama. Tagore's Chandalika was modeled on an ancient legend describing how a tribal girl lives. Tagore began his career in short stories in 1877 when he was only sixteen with "Bhikharini".Tagore thereby took to examining their lives with a penetrative depth and feeling that was singular in Indian literature up to that [3] point. In particular, such stories as "Kabuliwallah", "Kshudita Pashan", and "Atithi" typified this analytic focus on the downtrodden. Among Tagore's works, his novels are among the leastacknowledged. These include Chaturanga, Gora , Shesher Kobita, Ghare Baire, Char Odhay, and Noukadubi. Ghare Baire or The Home and the World. In all this the one of the most famous is KABULIWALLA COMING TO THE STORY OF KABULLIWALA . Rahmat a middle aged fruitseller from afghanistan,comes to calcutta to hawk his merchandise and befriends with a small Bengali girl called Mini who reminds him of his own daughter back in Afghanistan.He puts up at a boarding house along with his countrymen. One day Rahamat receives news of his daughter s illness through a letter from his country and he decides to leave for his country.Since he is short of money he decides to sell his goods on credit for increasing his buisness.Later,when hegoes to collect on his money,one of his cust abuses him and in the fight that enuses Rahamat warns that he will not tolerate abuse and stabs the man when he does not stop the abuse. In the court Rahamat s lawyer tries to obscure the facts but in his charecteristic and simple fashion Rahamat states the truth in a matter of fact way.The judge, pleased with Rahamat s honesty,gives him 10 years rigorous Imprisonment instead of the death sentence.On the day of his release he goes to meet Mini but discovers that she has grown yp into a 14-year old girl and is about to get married.Mini does not recognize Rahamt,who realizes that his own daughter must have forgotten him to.Mini s father gives Rahamat the money for travel out of Mini s wedding budget to which Mini agrees,she also sends a gift for Rahamat s daughter. Theme of kabulliwala is The story highlights themes such as love, trust, friendship, loyalty, class divides, appearance vs reality and prejudice.Mini, Rahamat and Mini s father(Narrator), these three main characters appear toughened and inured to emotional pain, yet they harbor deep emotional sensitivities. Rahmat wishes his heart were softened, thus he maintains empathy even for a total stranger s sight, as he listens to his own daughter s crying for days. Mini herself wants to be emotionally impenetrable at the end. However Mini s father is ready to cut off her luxurious weeding ceremony to appear sympathetic to Rahamat s situation. But this action is a response to the lasting pain he feels from father s point of view. No matter how the characters try to distance themselves, they still feel the pain of their lives of universal unity. Love is most important theme that runs through Tagore s story Kabuliwala. The characters suffer from long hours of idle time; they pass the time guessing what future will be included on their delivery route the next day. Particularly Rahamat s state of love even extends to his jailed life, and he has a series of filial bond to Mini to relieve the routine memories of his home life. Similar to love is the theme of waiting. Many of the characters are waiting for events that will most likely have surprising end. The young protagonists, both Mini and unseen Rahamat s daughter are often waiting for the Kabuliwala who abandoned them to come back, but the fathers rarely return. The deserted Kabuliwala also is also waiting for the return of their daughter. Most wait for years, never to see their wishes again. For the characters in Tagore s story Kabuliwala, life is disappointing and unfulfilled, with little hope for the future. But finally the little hope survives and Tagore s Kabuliwala returns to his homeland. Rabindranath Tagore potrays a unique relationship between mini and rahamat in story kabuliwala.The story is about a five year old girl who develops a strong bond of friendship with a kabuliwala Rehmat , who in turn treats her as his own daughter as he misses his daughter who is living in Kabul.He gives Mini lots of dry fruits,grapes,walnuts and other dry fruits and wins her heart. He had come to another place to make a living and wasn't able to see much of his family or daughter. He commits some murder when he is not paid the for the purchase of any shawl and is imprisoned for many years, when he comes back and goes to to the girl's house, he finds that she is being married, seeing him cry, the girl's father gives him some money so that he can go back to his own daughter. The story is very touching as it shows the emotions of a father with a daughter.They shared a bond which could not be broken easily. The common thing in Tagore s stories is Indian women s rare quality of courage, piety, obedience, love and devotion are the themes of many of Tagore s stories. The treatment of women and their position in society was of serious concern to Rabindranath Tagore. Women in Tagore s days were highly exploited by the feudal society. The out-dated, cruel, feudal customs enhanced the miseries and tortures of women. Through his stories Tagore pointed out those injustices. Simultaneously, he reveals the spiritual richness of Bengali women. The depiction of the cruel exploitation of the helpless women made the critical pathos of the stories of Tagore more intense (Basu 58). Tagore was never influenced by patriarchal views. That is why he depicted his heroines as more powerful and brighter than the spineless men. Tagore not only reveals the spirituality of his heroines but also shows their keen practical sense and determination. Tagore s stories confirm the fact that he believed in the progress of women and in their emancipation from feudal bondage. He also believed that, given equal rights and opportunities, they might occupy their rightful place in society side by side with men. Next to women, the characters in Tagore s stories that linger longest in the minds of the readers are those of children and the adolescent. Tagore was interested in children and their education; he was against the prevailing system of education and upbringing which destroyed their personality and made them slaves of textbooks, with the school as their prison-house. Tagore s heart overflowed with pity for children. His deep and pure love to children gives his stories an impetuous energy. His children are very handsome and angelic and they win the hearts of all persons who meet them. They are active and fully involved in their child-like activities. The conflict of their innocence with the evil or cunningness of this world brings out the pathos of these stories. These children are very often drawn to Nature, led by Nature and are spending most of the time in the lap of Nature. The way they respond to Nature reminds one of the children in Blake s and Wordsworth s poems. As they are weak the reader finds them crushed by the cruel grownups. Tagore s male characters are a mixed lot. They are the typical representatives of the bourgeois society. One finds in his stories the lonely and the worldly, men of property and of business, the pleasure seeker and the pseudo-intellectual, the book worm and the journalist, the adventurous and the cowardly. diff The most successful adaptation of a Tagore story outside Bengal was Hemen Gupta s Kabuliwala, ,. The simple story of Kabuliwala is about the affection between Abdur Rahamat Khan, an Afghani immigrant dry-fruit-seller in Calcutta and Mini, a girl who he imagines as his child-figure in memory of his daughter. This story, unlike many other Tagore-inspired films that are more strongly rooted in context and period, offers a more classical perspective on humanism, identify and difference. Tagore s Kabuliwala was published as a short story in Sadhana, a Bangla literary magazine he edited through the 1890s and the early decades of the twentieth century. The story was translated from Bangla into English by the Irish woman Margaret Elizabeth Noble, more popularly known to the world as Sister Nivedita, and published in the Modern [3] Review.

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