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ICSE Class X Notes 2021 : Physics (Madhusthali Vidyapeeth, Deoghar)

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Soumya Roy
Sikkim Manipal University (SMU), Gangtok
Master of Computer Application Computer Application
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Calorimetry Concept of Heat and Temperature When two bodies at different temperatures are kept in contact, heat flows from the body at a higher temperature to the body at a lower temperature. The measurement of heat is called calorimetry. Units of Heat The SI unit of heat is joule (J). The other most commonly used unit of heat is calorie (cal). The heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water through 1 C is known as calorie. The unit calorie is related to the SI unit joule as follows: 1 calorie (or 1 cal) = 4 186 J or 4 2 J Factors affecting the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body The quantity of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a body depends on three factors: i. Mass of the body ii. Nature of the material of the body iii. Rise in temperature of the body Few observations through experiments i. The amount of heat energy required is found to be directly proportional to the mass of the substance. Q m ii. The amount of heat energy required is found to be directly proportional to the rise in temperature. Q T Therefore, Q cm T where c is the constant of proportionality and is called the specific heat capacity of the substance. It is the characteristic of the substance. Heat Capacity The heat capacity of a body is the amount of heat energy required to raise its temperature by 1 C or 1 K. It is denoted by the symbol C . Amount of heat energy supplied Q C' Rise in temperature T The SI unit of heat capacity is joule per Kelvin (or J K 1). It is also written as joule per degree C (or J C 1). The other common units of heat capacity are calorie C 1 (or cal K 1) and kilo-calorie C 1 (or kilo-calorie K 1). 1 kilo calorie C-1 1000 calorie C-1 And 1 cal K -1 4.2 J K -1

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