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ATOMIC STRUCTURE

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fo/u fopkjr Hkh# tu] ugha vkjEHks dke] foifr ns[k NksM+s rqjra e/;e eu dj ';keA iq#"k flag ladYi dj] lgrs foifr vusd] ^cuk^ u NksM+s /;s; dks] j?kqcj jk[ks VsdAA jfpr% ekuo /keZ iz.ksrk ln~xq# Jh j.kNksM+nklth egkjkt This is TYPE 1 Package plese Wait for Type 2 STUDY PACKAGE Subject : CHEMISTRY Topic : Atomic Structure R Index 1. Key Concepts 2. Exercise I 3. Exercise II 4. Exercise III 5. Exercise IV 6. Answer Key 7. 34 Yrs. Que. from IIT-JEE 8. 10 Yrs. Que. from AIEEE Student s Name :______________________ Class :______________________ Roll No. :______________________ ADDRESS: R-1, Opp. Raiway Track, New Corner Glass Building, Zone-2, M.P. NAGAR, Bhopal : (0755) 32 00 000, 98930 58881, www.tekoclasses.com Gaussian Value 2.99 1010 cm/s 4.8 10 10 statC mP 1.67 10 27 kg 1.67 10 24 g mn 1.67 10 27 kg 1.67 10 24 g h 0 a0 6.62 10 34 J s 4 10 7 NC 2 s2 5.29 10 11 m Z 2.188 106 m/sec. n Z2 21.8 10 19 n 2 J/atom 6.62 10 27 erg s Bohr s velocity Bohr s energy ( 13.6 eV/atom) Bohr magneton (BM) Gas constant Boltzmann constant Gravitional constant e R k G 9.27 10 24 J/T 8.3145 J/mol-K 1.38 10 23 J/K 6.67 10 11 m3/kg -s2 6.02 1023 mol 1 9.10 10 28 g 0.529 10 8 cm Z 2.188 108 cm/sec. n 21.8 10 12erg/atom 8.3145 107 erg/mol-K 1.30 10 16 erg/K 6.67 10 8 cm3/g-s2 Energy Conversion Factorsa 1 erg = 10 7 J 1 cal = 4.184 J 1 eV = 1.602177 10 19 J = 1.602177 10 12 erg = 23.0605 kcal/mol Greek Alphabet Alpha Gamma Epsilon Eta Iota Lambda Nu Omicron Rho Tau Phi Psi Beta Delta Zeta Theta Kappa Mu Xi Pi Sigma Upsilon Chi Omega Page 2 of 20 Atomic structure c e 0 NA me SI Value 2.99 108 m/s 1.60 10 19 C 8.85 10 12 C2/N-m2 6.02 1023 mol 1 9.10 10 31 kg 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) Constant and Symbolb Speed of light in vaccum Proton & electron charge Permittivity of vaccum Avogadro constant Electron rest mass (0.000548 amu) Proton rest mass (1.00757 amu) Neutron rest mass (1.00893 amu) Planck constant Permeability of vaccums Bohr radius TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com Physical Constantsa 1 1 1 mM = + = m = mass of e ; M = Mass of nucleus M m m+M 2. Reduced mass 3. Photon is considered massless bundle of energy. But to find its mass use m = 4. E = mc2 , E = h = hc/ = hc 5. Quantum efficiency or Quantum Yield = 6. Rn = R1 (A)1/3 , R1 = 1.33 10 13 cm 7. no. of molecules reacting no. of quanta absorbed A = mass number 1 1 Z . 2e m v 2 = K e ; Tan 2 b 2 r 1 number of a particles at = K 4 ; sin / 2 1 1 h c b = impact parameter 1 2 Z 2 2 n1 n 2 = =R H 8. Rydberg s Equation 9. 10. Limiting spectral line (series limit) means n2 = H line means we know n1 , n2 (longest , shortest , least E) [ H , H , H , H ] n (n 1) No. of wavelengths observed in the spectrum = 2 when e deexcites to ground state , n = no. of higher orbit 11. 12. 1/2 mv2 = h h 0(w) (work function or B.E.) hc 0 = Threshhold frequency W = h 0 = 0 13. Accelerating potential = eV = KE = 14. = hc/E = 1240 ev. nm 15. K= 1 4 ; P.E. = 0 16. mvr = n 17. En = 1 2 mv 2 K q1 q 2 centrifugal force = mv2/r r h = n . 2 E1 2 z 2 n = 2 4 2 2 me 4 2 2 me z ; E = 1 2 n2h2 h Page 3 of 20 Atomic structure 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com STRUCTURE OF ATOM Rutherford's Model Bohr's Model Wave mechanical model EXTRA NUCLEAR PART (e ) Electrons,protons & neutrons are the most important fundamental particles of atoms of all elements (Except hydrogen) Some uncommon Fundamental particles : 1. XA , A = Z + n Z TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, KEY CONCEPT revolutions per sec = v/2 r 22. 23. Separation energy = E n = E n given No. of waves = n = no. of shells 25. Z z 2 e 2 19. v= 21. Time for one revolution = 2 r/v n h = 2, 3, 4 ,................. 24. I.E. = En= Eground state of e- (K, L, M, N) = h/mv = h/p 26. = 27. 29. 30. 32. 34. E n KE KE = 1/2 mv2 , E = h 1/2 = a(z b) b = screening constant Nucleons Isoelectronic Isodiaphers (A 2Z) 28. 150 Vin volts x. p > h/4 31. 33. 35. Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones (A Z) Isosters paramagnetic 36. Diamagnetic 37. S= 38. 39. = n ( n + 2) B.M. n = number of unpaired e ; Radial Nodes ; Angular nodes ; (n l 1) l Total no. of e in an energy level = 2n2 Total no. of e in a sublevel = 2(2l+1) Maximum no. of e in an orbital =2 Total no. of orbitals in a sublevel = (2l+1) No. of subshells in main energyshell = n No. of orbitals in a main energy shell = n2 l= 0 1 2 3 4 s p d f g 40. 41. h 2 S(S + 1) Total nodes (n 1) ELEECTROMEGNETIC SPECTRUM increases in meters. Distinction between the wave particle nature of a photon and the particle wave nature of subatomic particle. PHOTON SUB ATOMIC PARTICLE 1 1. Energy = h Energy = m 2 2 c h 2. Wavelength = Wavelength = m Note: We should never interchange any of the above and to write electronic conf. of Cation first write for neutral atom & then remove e from outermost shell. Page 4 of 20 Atomic structure 2 h 2 2 4 e m 20. x 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) 2 rn = TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com n 18. Page 5 of 20 Atomic structure Q.26 In compound FeCl2 the orbital angular momentum of last electron in its cation & magnetic moment (in Bohr Magneton) of this compound are FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com (A) ( 6 ) , 35 (B) ( 6 ) , 24 (C) 0, 35 (D) none of these Q.27 An electron, a proton and an alpha particle have kinetic energies of 16E, 4E and E respectively. What is the qualitative order of their de Broglie wavelengths? (A) e > p = (B) p = > e (C) p > e > (D) < e p Q.28 Question: Is the specie paramagnetic? STAT-1: The atomic number of specie is 29. STAT-2: The charge on the specie is + 1. (A) Statements (1) alone is sufficient but statement (2) is not sufficient. (B) Statement (2) alone is sufficient but statement (1) is not sufficient. (C) Both statement together are sufficient but neither statement alone is sufficient. (D) Statement (1) & (2) together are not sufficient. Q.29 Question : Are the rays in discharge tube cathode rays? STAT1 : Rays are deflected towards ve electrode kept externally. STAT2 : Rays are produced at low pressure and high voltage. (A) Statements (1) alone is sufficient but statement (2) is not sufficient. (B) Statement (2) alone is sufficient but statement (1) is not sufficient. (C) Both statement together are sufficient but neither statement alone is sufficient. (D) Any one of them is sufficient. Q.30 Given H for the process Li(g) Li+3(g) + 3e is 19800 kJ/mole & IE1 for Li is 520 then IE2 & IE1 of Li+ are respectively (approx, value) (A) 11775, 7505 (B) 19280, 520 (C) 11775, 19280 (D) Data insufficient Q.31 The ratio of difference in wavelengths of 1st and 2nd lines of Lyman series in H like atom to difference in wavelength for 2nd and 3rd lines of same series is: (A) 2.5 : 1 (B) 3.5 : 1 (C) 4.5 : 1 (D) 5.5 : 1 Q.32 Which of the following statement is INCORRECT. e (A) ratio for canal rays is maximum for hydrogen ion. m e (B) ratio for cathode rays us independent of the gas taken. m (C) The nature of canal rays is dependent on the electrode material. e E2 ratio for electron is expressed as , when the cathode rays go undeflected under the m 2B 2 V influence of electric field E, magnetic field B and V is potential difference applied across electrodes. (D) The Page 14 of 20 Atomic structure Q.25 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) 36 x 16 x 9x 5x (B) (C) (D) 5 7 5 9 An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs energy equal to the ionisation energy of Li+2. The wavelength of the emitted electron is: (A) 3.32 10 10 m (B) 1.17 (C) 2.32 10 9 nm (D) 3.33 pm (A) TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, Q.24 The shortest wavelength of He atom in Balmer series is x, then longest wavelength in the Paschene series of Li+2 is Q.35 An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs 1.5 times as much energy as the minimum required for it to escape from the atom. What is the velocity of the emitted electron? (Given mass of e = 9.1 10 28 gm) FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com PROBLEM ON DE-BROGLIE, HEISENBERG & SCHRODINGER EQUATIONS Q.36 An electron can undergo diffraction by crystals . Through what potential should a beam of electron be accelerated so that its wavelength become equal to 1.54 A . Q.37 The first use of quantum theory to explain the structure of atom was made by : (A) Heisenburg (B) Bohr (C) Planck (D) Einstein Q.38 The wavelength associated with a golf weighing 200g and moving at a speed of 5m/h is of the order (B) 10 20m (C) 10 30m (D) 10 40m (A) 10 10m Q.39 If the nitrogen atom had electronic configuration 1s7, it would have energy lower that of normal ground state configuration 1s2 2s2 2p3 , because the electrons would be closer to the nucleus. Yet 1s7 is not observed because it violates : (A) Heisenberg uncertainity principle (B) Hunds rule (C) Pauli s exclusion principle (D) Bohr postulate of stationary orbits Q.40 Wavelength of high energy transition of H-atoms is 91.2 nm. Calculate the corresponding wavelength of He atoms. Q.41(i) The wave function of 2s electron is given by 2s = 1 1 4 2 a o 3/ 2 r 2 a o e 2 r a o It has a node at r = r0, find relation between r0 and a0. (ii) Find wavelength for 100 g particle moving with velocity 100 ms 1. Q.42 The electron in the first excited state of H-atom absorbs a proton and is further excited. the Debroglie wavelength of the electron in this excited state is 1340 pm. Calculate the wavelength of photon absorbed by the atom and also longest wavelength radiation emitted when this electron de-excited to ground state. Q.43 The uncertainity principle may be stated mathematically h p. x 4 where p represents the uncertainity in the momentum of a particle and x represnts the uncertainity in its position. If an electron is traveling at 200 m/s within 1 m/s uncertainity, what is the theoretical uncertainity in its position in m (micrometer)? Page 15 of 20 Atomic structure 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) Q.34 If radius of second stationary orbit (in Bohr's atom) is R. Then radius of third orbit will be (A) R/3 (B) 9R (C) R/9 (D) 2.25R TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, Q.33 The quantum numbers of four electrons (e1 to e4) are given below l m s n l m s n e1 3 0 0 +1/2 e2 4 0 1 1/2 e3 3 2 2 1/2 e4 3 1 1 1/2 The correct order of decreasing energy of these electrons is: (A) e4 > e3 > e2 > e1 (B) e2 > e3 > e4 > e1 (C) e3 > e2 > e4 > e1(D) none (B) 6dxy (C) 6 dx2 y2 (D) 6 dyz FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com Q.45 Question : Is the orbital of hydrogen atom 3px? STAT 1: The radial function of the orbital is R(r) = r 1 / 2 ( 4 ) e , = 2 9 6 a 30 / 2 STAT 2: The orbital has 1 radial node & 0 angular node. (A) Statement (1) alone is sufficient. (B) Statement (2) alone is sufficient (C) Both together is sufficient. (D) Neither is sufficient Q.46 What is uncertainity in location of a photon of wavelength 5000 if wavelength is known to an accuracy of 1 pm? (A) 7.96 10 14 m (B) 0.02 m (C) 3.9 10 8 m (D) none Page 16 of 20 Atomic structure 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) (A) 5pz TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, Q.44 From the following observations predict the type of orbital: Observation 1: x y plane acts as a nodal plane Observation 2: The angular function of the orbital intersect the three axis at origin only. Observation 3: R2(r) / v/s r curve is obtained for the orbital is Q.2 A compound of Vanadium has magnetic moment of 1.73 BM work out electronic configuration of Vanadium Ion in the compound. [JEE 1997] Q.3 The energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of H atom is 13.6 eV . The possible energy value(s) of the excited state(s) for electrons in Bohr orbits of hydrogen is/are : (A) 3.4 eV (B) 4.2 eV (C) 6.8 eV (D) + 6.8 eV [JEE 1998] Q.4 The electrons, identified by n & l ; (i) n = 4 , l = 1 (ii) n = 4 , l = 0 (iii) n = 3 , l = 2 (iv) n = 3 , l = 1 can be placed in order of increasing energy, from the lowest to highest as : (A) (iv) < (ii) < (iii) < (i) (B) (ii) < (iv) < (i) (C) (i) < (iii) < (ii) < (iv) (D) (iii) < (i) < (iv) < (ii) [JEE 1999] Q.5 Gaseous state electronic configuration of nitrogen atom can be represented as: (A) (B) (C) (D) [JEE 1999] Q.6 The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1. This represents its: (A) excited state (B) ground state (C) cationic form (D) none [JEE 2000] Q.7 The number of nodal planes in a px orbital is: (A) one (B) two (C) three (D) zero [JEE 2000] Q.8 Calculate the energy required to excite one litre of hydrogen gas at 1 atmp and 298K to the first excited state of atomic hydrogen. The energy for the dissociation of H H is 436 KJ mol 1. Q.9 The quantum numbers +1/2 and 1/2 for the electron spin represent: (A) rotation of the electron in clockwise and anticlockwise direction respectively. (B) rotation of the electron in anticlockwise and clockwise direction respectively. (C) magnetic moment of the electron pointing up and down respectively. (D) two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classical analogue. [JEE 2001] Q.10 Rutherfords experiment , which established the nuclear model of atom, used a beam of : (A) - particles, which impinged on a metal foil and get absorbed. (B) - rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electron. (C) Helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered. [JEE 2002] (D) Helium nuclie, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered. Q.11 The spin magnetic moment of cobalt of the compund Hg[Co(SCN)4] is [Given : Co+2] (A) 3 (B) 8 (C) 15 (D) 24 [JEE 2004] Q.12 The radius of which of the following orbit is same as that of the first Bohr s orbit of hydrogen atom? (A) He+ (n = 2) (B) Li2+ (n = 2) (C) Li2+ (n = 3) (D) Be3+ (n = 2) [JEE 2004] Page 17 of 20 Atomic structure With what velocity should an particle travel towards the nucleus of a Cu atom so as to arrive at a distance 10 13 m . [JEE 1997] 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) Q.1 TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com EXERCISE-IV (P) 1 (B) 1 x rn E (Q) 2 (R) 1 (S) 0 (C) FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com (D) rn Zy (Z = Atomic number) v = (Angular momentum of electron in its lowest energy ) Page 18 of 20 Atomic structure Vn U= K n 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) (A) TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, Q.13 Given in hydrogenic atom rn, Vn, E, Kn stand for radius, potential energy, total energy and kinetic energy [JEE 2006] in nth orbit. Find the value of U,v,x,y. 6563 ; 1216 ; 1026 6235 Q.5 3 1021 Q.8 Q.2 Q.6 Q.9 4863 photons 6 Q.3 0.527 7 1 1.096 10 m n1 =1, n2=2 Q.10 1.827 105 J/mol PLANCK S QUANTUM THEORY 10 7 FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com Q.11 4.9 m Q.15 497 KJ/mol Q.18 8.68 % Q.12 Q.16 Q.19 28 photons Q.13 1403 KJ/mol Q.14 4.5 1014 s 1 319.2 KJ/mol Q.17 6.57 10 34 Js 0.62 Q.20 3.06 V BOHR S MODEL Q.21 Q.23 Q.26 Q.28 Q.31 10 19 1.36 Joules Q.22 5.425 10 12 ergs, 3.7 10 5 cm 1220 Q.24 5.44 105 m/s Q.25 2 ; 9.75 104 cm 1 3 , 6563 , 1215 , 1026 Q.27 113.74 10.2 eV , z = 2 Q.29 3 Q.30 2.186 10 20 Joules 8 1 9.7 10 m Q.32 27419.25 cm GENERAL Q.33 0.79 Q.34 Q.36 0.0826 volts Q.37 Q.39 3.3 10 18 J Q.40 6.03 10 4 volt Q.35 1.05 10 13 m h h h 0;0; 2 ; 6 ; 2 Q.38 25 2 2 2 orbitals Q.41 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 EXERCISE-II Q.1 Q.2 Q.4 Q.8 Q.11 24 292.68 1021 atoms, 162.60 1021 atoms, 832.50 KJ Q.3 331.13 104 J 6 1 h/ Q.5 3.63 10 m Q.6 938 Q.7 1.35 105 6 12 8 10 Q.9 6530 10 Hz Q.10 5 ; 340 ev , 680 eV 8 3.09 10 cm/sec Q.12 Brackett ; 2.63 10 4 cm n2 h2 Q.13 rn = n = 25 ; 55.2 pm Q.14 4K 2 3e 2 208 m e Q.16 47.26% Q.17 Q.15 10 22 Q.18 6.4 10 13 J, 2.1 10 13 J, 3.4 10 14 m Q.20 6 ; 489.6 eV , 25.28 Q.23 +1/2 , +1/2 , +1/2 , +3/2 and 2,2,2,4 Q.25 303.89 , 2.645 10 9 cm Q.26 3.88 pm Q.27 Q.29 DE-BROGLIE 3.68 10 65 m 0.0144 m six , 18800 n6 h6 384 m 3 K 2 e 4 6 Q.21 910 ;U.V. Q.22 973.5 Q.24 4689 Q.19 HEISENBERG Q.28 1.75 10 29 9.15 1019 Hz , yes, 58.5 10 15 J E= Page 19 of 20 Atomic structure Q.1 Q.4 Q.7 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) LIGHT TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, ANSWER KEY EXERCISE -I D A C Q.3 Q.10 Q.17 Q.23 C Q.29 1.54 106m/s D Q.4 C Q.11 D Q.18 = 1900 A Q.30 B B A A Q.5 Q.12 Q.19 Q.24 Q.31 A B A B B Q.6 Q.13 Q.20 Q.25 Q.32 FREE Download Study Package from website: www.tekoclasses.com PROBLEM ON DE-BROGLIE, HEISENBERG & SCHRODINGER Q.36 63.12 volts Q.37 B Q.38 C Q.39 Q.40 22.8 nm Q.41 (i) r0 = 2a0, (ii) 6.626 10 35 m Q.42 Q.43 2.9 2 10 5 m 58 m Q.44 D Q.45 B C C C B C Q.7 Q.14 Q.21 Q.26 Q.33 EQUATIONS C 4860 , 18788 Q.46 B EXERCISE-IV Q.1 Q.5 Q.9 Q.13 6.3 106 m/s Q.2 A,D Q.6 D Q.10 (A) Q, (B) P, (C) R, (D) S [Ar] 3d1 B,C D Q.3 Q.7 Q.11 A A C B B C B C Q.4 A Q.8 97.819 KJ Q.12 D Page 20 of 20 Atomic structure D Q.2 B Q.9 B Q.16 zero, 4.9 B.M. A Q.28 D Q.35 0 98930 58881 , BHOPAL, (M.P.) Q.1 Q.8 Q.15 Q.22 Q.27 Q.34 TEKO CLASSES, Director : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: (0755)- 32 00 000, EXERCISE-III

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