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UK GCSE 2010 : Geography - Revised, Foundation Tier, Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2010 Geography Paper 2 Foundation Tier [G3602] THURSDAY 17 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all three questions. You are provided with an O.S. map for use with Question 3. Do not write your answer on this map. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 126, including a maximum of 6 marks for quality of written communication. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A ruler is needed for use with Question 3. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 QWC Total Marks 6276 Marks Theme D: Population and Resources Examiner Only Marks 1 (a) Remark Study Fig. 1 which shows the population density of each country in the British Isles. Answer the questions that follow. KEY = 10 people per sq km N Scotland Northern Ireland Republic of Ireland Wales England 0 100 200 Scale: km 300 Home Ground: a geography of Northern Ireland by Derek Polly, page 56, published by Colourpoint Books, 2006, ISBN 1904242723 Fig. 1 6276 2 [Turn over (i) Complete Table 1 to show the correct population density for Wales. (Use the key on Fig. 1 to help you.) Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 1 Country Population density (People per sq km) England 380 Wales Northern Ireland 120 Scotland 70 Republic of Ireland 50 [1] (ii) Table 2 shows statements about population density in the British Isles. Complete the table by writing TRUE or FALSE. One has been completed for you. Table 2 Statement True/False Population densities vary from country to country in the British Isles TRUE Scotland has the lowest population density Scotland s population density is twice as big as it is in Wales Population density is measured in people per sq metre [3] 6276 3 [Turn over (iii) Draw arrows on Table 3 to sort the places listed into high density or low density. One has been completed for you. Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 3 HIGH DENSITY PLACE LOW DENSITY Amazon rainforest Sahara desert New York Mourne Mountains [3] (iv) State the meaning of the term underpopulation. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 6276 4 [Turn over (b) Study Fig. 2 which shows the world s population growth over time. Answer the questions that follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark World Population Growth 1750 2100* 11 10 9 8 7 Billions of People 6 5 4 3 2 1 1750 1850 1950 Years 2000 2050* 2100* *estimated United Nations Adapted diagram found at: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf Fig. 2 (i) State the estimated world population in the Year 2100. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Complete the following statements about Fig. 2 by underlining the correct word. In 1750 there was a high/low rate of natural increase. 6276 Between 1950 and 2000 there was a moderate/rapid growth rate in global population. The population of the world is likely to be four/six times greater in 2050 than in 1950. 5 [3] [Turn over (iii) Complete Fig. 3, by filling in the different ways that the population can change in an area. Some have been completed for you. Increase in population Births Examiner Only Marks Remark Decrease in population + POPULATION CHANGE IN AN AREA. Out-migration [2] Source: Principal Examiner Fig. 3 (iv) State the meaning of the term population change. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 6276 6 [Turn over (v) Using a case study of population change in a MEDC that you have studied, describe how the birth rates have changed over time and state fully one reason why they have changed. MEDC Remark _____________________________________________ [1] Change Examiner Only Marks in birth rate _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] Reason for change ______________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 6276 7 [Turn over (c) Study Fig. 4 which shows the views of people migrating. Answer the questions which follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark I came to Los Angeles. Even an uneducated Mexican farmer like me can get a good wage. I moved to Mexico City to get away from the poverty in my small village of San Juan. Luis Maria Los Angeles N USA International Border MEXICO B = Belize San Juan 0 300km Mexico City G = Guatemala G = city B Honduras = village Source: Principal Examiner Fig. 4 (i) State the direction Los Angeles is from Mexico City. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Name the person who is NOT an international migrant. ___________________________________________________ [1] 6276 8 [Turn over (iii) Underline the country which borders Mexico to the South. Examiner Only Marks Honduras U.S.A Belize Remark [1] (iv) Underline the correct word which describes people of different races, colour and religions living in an area. Multinational Multi-stor ey Multicultural [1] (v) State the meaning of the term migration. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (vi) Migration has many impacts on an area. State fully one negative impact migration can bring to an area. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 6276 9 [Turn over (d) Study Fig. 5 which shows statements on how renewable energy is being used in Denmark. Answer the questions that follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark Denmark Denmark has 4,900 wind turbines mostly situated off the west coast. Wind power supplies 7% of electricity in Denmark the highest in Europe. Wind energy can power up to 440,000 homes in Denmark. A target of 50% of Denmark s electricity to be wind generated by 2030. Source: Principal Examiner Fig. 5 (i) Name one renewable resource, other than wind power, and one non-renewable resource. Renewable __________________________________________ [1] Non-renewable _______________________________________ [1] (ii) Using Fig. 5 to help you, state the 2030 target for wind generated electricity in Denmark. ___________________________________________________ [1] 6276 10 [Turn over (iii) For a renewable energy scheme at a regional/national scale that you have studied, state fully one benefit it has brought to the environment. Name Remark of scheme _____________________________________ [1] Benefit Examiner Only Marks _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 6276 11 [Turn over Theme E: Economic Change and Development Examiner Only Marks 2 (a) Remark Study Fig. 6 which shows an advertisement for Fairtrade Fortnight in 2010. Answer the questions which follow. We want over one million people to join us in the big swap. During Fairtrade fortnight swap your usual shopping items and buy Fairtrade items, like sugar, clothes, bananas and even footballs! Fairtrade Foundation http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/thebigswap/ Fig. 6 (i) State the meaning of the term Fairtrade. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Identify one Fairtrade food item from Fig. 6. ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) State fully one advantage Fairtrade can bring to LEDCs. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 6276 12 [Turn over (b) Study Fig. 7 which names and describes some types of aid available to LEDCs. Answer the questions which follow. Bilateral Aid Voluntary Aid Multilateral Aid Emergency Aid Tied Aid Examiner Only Marks Remark Aid which is given to a country and must be used for a certain project. Aid given by governments to organisations like the World Bank who then give it out to poorer countries. Aid given after a natural disaster or war to keep people alive. Aid donated by the general public which is then given out by organisations like Oxfam. Aid given directly from one country to another. Fig. 7 (i) Draw lines to match up the type of aid with its correct description. One has been completed for you. [4] (ii) State fully one reason why MEDCs give aid to LEDCs. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) In the list below circle two disadvantages aid can bring to LEDCs. cause more debt provide clean water improve medical care reduce local markets [2] 6276 13 [Turn over (c) Study Fig. 8 which shows a scatter graph comparing GNP with Literacy rate for five countries. Answer the questions which follow. 120 100 SPAIN CHINA AUSTRIA Literacy Rate (%) 80 INDIA 60 40 NIGER 20 0 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 GNP per Capita (US$) 30,000 35,000 40,000 Source: Principal Examiner Reduced by 10% the country who Literacy rate is the percentage of people in to fit page width can read and write. GNP per capita gives an indication of the average annual earnings of people in a country. Fig. 8 Examiner Only (i) Complete the following statements about Fig. 8 by underlining the correct answer. Marks Remark The country with the highest literacy rate is Austria/India. This graph shows a positive/negative relationship between GNP and literacy rates. Countries with a high GNP seem to have a low/high literacy rate. No countries have a literacy rate that is lower than 35%/25%. 6276 14 [4] [Turn over (ii) State fully two reasons why many people cannot read or write in poor countries (LEDCs). 1. Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ [6] (d) Study Fig. 9 which shows an area in the UK called Silicon Glen. Many hi-tech industries choose to locate here. Answer the questions which follow. Figure from Complete Geography by Simon Chapman et al (OUP, 1998). Copyright Oxford University Press 1998, reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press Fig. 9 (i) State the motorway which goes north from Edinburgh. ___________________________________________________ [1] 6276 15 [Turn over (ii) Sort the statements in Table 4 into good points or bad points about the Silicon Glen location for hi-tech industries. One has been completed for you. Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 4 Factor Good Point Bad Point Remote from other centres of hi-tech industry. Lots of main roads and Motorways. High level of pollution in the city of Glasgow Close to two airports [3] (iii) State the meaning of the term hi-tech industry. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 6276 16 [Turn over (e) Study Fig. 10 which states four facts about TNCs. Answer the questions which follow. We may not care a lot about the natural environment Examiner Only Marks Remark We provide jobs in areas which have high unemployment levels We seldom use local products when manufacturing goods We sometimes provide medical care for our workers Fig. 10 (i) Write out in full what the letters TNC stand for. ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Using Fig. 10 to help you, state fully one way TNCs can be good for a LEDC. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Name one TNC which you have studied and state fully one reason why it moved its factories from a MEDC to a LEDC. Name Reason of TNC ____________________ [1] _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 6276 17 [Turn over Theme F: Settlements and Change Examiner Only Marks 3 (a) Remark Study the Ordnance Survey extract of Durham in England and answer the questions which follow. The map below in Fig. 11 is a map of Durham (GR 2742). It shows the city in 1610. River Bridge Castle Fig. 11 (i) State and explain one factor which may have influenced the original choice of this site for Durham. Factor ______________________________________________ [1] _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) Using the Ordnance Survey map state the straight line distance from the park and ride area at 307446 to the bus and coach station in the centre of Durham at 269426. km _________________ [2] (iii) Suggest one reason why this is a good location for a park and ride area. (GR 3044). _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 6276 18 [Turn over (b) Study Fig. 12 which gives information about the Park and Ride facilities in Durham. Answer the question which follows. Examiner Only Marks Remark Belmont Park and Ride (GR 3044) Three Park and Ride sites were built in Durham in 2005. Their use has increased every month since then. There are 1000 parking spaces in the Park and Ride Car Parks where drivers can leave their cars and travel into Durham by bus. Durham City Council are planning to build more Park and Ride facilities for other areas of the city. Oliver Dixon http://geograph.org.uk/photo/373392 Fig. 12 State whether the following statements are true or false. Park and Ride parks have proved popular with car drivers. _______________________ The Park and Ride measure has been successful at reducing congestion in the city. _______________________ Durham is a less sustainable city because of the Park and Ride scheme. _______________________ [3] 6276 19 [Turn over (c) Study the Ordnance Survey extract and answer the questions which follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Arrange the following settlements in order of size in Table 5 beginning with the largest. Durham (GR 2742) Sherburn (GR 3142) Edmondsley (GR 2349) Sacriston (GR 2447) Table 5 Rank Order Settlement 1 2 3 4 [4] (ii) Underline the term below which means the arrangement of settlements by size and importance. functional zones settlement hierarchy distribution [1] 6276 20 [Turn over (iii) Complete Table 6 to show which services are available in Sacriston (GR 2447) and Edmondsley (GR 2349). The services in Durham (GR 2742) have been completed for you. Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 6 Post Public Church Office house Settlement Durham Sacriston Edmondsley 2 or more roads Bus School Hospital Station [4] (iv) Complete the sentences below about Table 6 by underlining the correct word. The larger the settlement the (fewer/more) services it will have. The settlement with the largest sphere of influence is (Durham/ Edmondsley) (Sacriston/Edmondsley) has the threshold population needed for a school to exist. Edmondsley is a (city/town/village) which provides (high/low) order services. [5] (v) Sherburn (GR 3142) and Sacriston (GR 2447) are two smaller settlements close to Durham. On the list below underline the direction of Sherburn from Sacriston. West South East North West [1] (vi) Underline the approximate area of Sherburn (GR 3142) on the list below. 0.75 km2 6276 2 km2 21 5 km2 [1] [Turn over (d) Study Table 7 which shows the proportion of the world s population in urban areas at different times. Answer the questions which follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark Table 7 Percentage of the Population living in Urban Areas 2000 2030 estimated MEDCs 76 84 LEDCs 40 56 Tables from Geog GCSE by Anna King et al (OUP, 2006), copyright Oxford University Press 2006, reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press. (i) Describe the changes in the percentage of the population in urban areas as shown in Table 7. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) State fully one reason why many people move into cities in LEDCs. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Underline the term in the list below which means the movement of people out of cities in MEDCs to live in rural areas. Urbanisation Urban sprawl Counterurbanisation [1] 6276 22 [Turn over (e) Study Fig. 13 which shows a shanty town in Kolkata, India. Answer the questions which follow. Examiner Only Marks Remark Thierry Prat/Sygma/Corbis Fig. 13 State fully two problems of living in a shanty town. (You may use the photograph to help you.) Problem 1 ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Problem 2 ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [6] Quality of Written Communication THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 6276 23 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if noti ed. 110086 [Turn over

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