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UK GCSE 2010 : Physics Foundation Tier, Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2010 Paper 2 Foundation Tier G7603 Science: Physics [G7603] WEDNESDAY 16 JUNE, MORNING TIME 1 hour 15 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all five questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 100. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 2(b). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Details of calculations should be shown. Units must be stated with numerical answers where appropriate. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 Total Marks 5357 Marks 1 (a) Mass is an unchanging property of an object whereas weight is the force that gravity exerts on the object. State the units in which each quantity is measured. Examiner Only Marks Remark Mass is measured in ________________________________________ Weight is measured in ____________________________________ [2] (b) A large steel beam weighs 20 000 N. (i) On the diagram mark carefully, with an X, the point where all of its weight can be regarded as acting. [1] (ii) What is this point called? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) When the beam rests on the ground its area of contact with the ground is 8 m2. Calculate the pressure that the beam exerts on the ground. Remember to include the unit with your answer. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Pressure = _______________ [4] 5357 2 [Turn over A crane is used to raise this large steel beam into a vertical position. The crane exerts a force of 12 500 N to just lift the end A off the ground. The length of the beam is 5 m. Examiner Only Marks Remark 12 500 N 1.0 m A B 5m (iv) The beam can be treated as a lever. Mark the pivot with the letter P. [1] (v) Calculate the moment of the 12 500 N force about the pivot. Remember to include the unit with your answer. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Moment = _______________ [4] 5357 3 [Turn over (c) Gail has a pendant which she believes to be gold. Examiner Only Marks Remark To verify this she carries out an experiment to measure the density of the material used to make the bracelet. She pours some water into a measuring cylinder. 25 20 (i) The volume of water in the cylinder is ________________ cm3 [1] She carefully places the pendant in the measuring cylinder so that it is completely covered by the water. 30 25 (ii) What is the volume of the pendant? Volume of pendant = _______________ cm3 [2] 5357 4 [Turn over When she measures the mass of the pendant, it is found to be 42 g. Examiner Only Marks Remark (iii) Calculate the density of the material of the pendant. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Density = _______________ g/cm3 [3] The table shows the densities of some metals. Metal Density in g/cm3 Aluminium 2.7 Brass 8.8 Silver 10.5 Gold 19.3 (iv) Using your answer to part (iii), decide what Gail s pendant is made of. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5357 5 [Turn over 2 (a) The diagrams below show a cyclist moving in various ways. For each diagram, how are the kinetic energy and potential energy changing, if at all? Choose your answers from the words in the box below. increasing decreasing Examiner Only Marks Remark constant (i) Constant speed on a level road. The kinetic energy is _____________________________________ The potential energy is ________________________________ [2] (ii) Speeding up on a level road. The kinetic energy is _____________________________________ The potential energy is ________________________________ [2] 5357 6 [Turn over (iii) What type of energy does the cyclists s body convert into kinetic and potential energy? Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) The cyclist travels 8 m in 1 second. She does work against an opposing force of 25 N. Calculate the work that she does in 1 second. Work done in 1 second = ________________ J [2] (v) Using the information given above and your answer to part (iv), what is her power? Remember to include the correct unit in your answer. Power = ________________ [2] 5357 7 [Turn over (b) An electric motor is used to raise a load. Describe how the apparatus could be used to measure the output power of the motor. In your account you need to clearly state the measurements to take and the apparatus used to take them. Examiner Only Marks Remark Electric motor String Weights _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [5] [1] Quality of written communication 5357 8 [Turn over (c) The picture below shows a convector heater. The heating element is connected to the electricity supply. The diagram on the right shows some of the internal parts of the heater. Examiner Only Marks Remark Vents Vents Heating element (i) On the diagram on the right, mark carefully the flow of air in and out of the heater. [2] (ii) Convection is how heat is transferred through a gas such as air. Apart from gases, name another material where heat is transferred by convection. ____________________ [1] 5357 9 [Turn over (d) Temperature sensors and a computer can be used to compare the thermal conduction of two materials. A sensor is attached to each material as shown in the diagram below. The tank is filled with very hot water. Examiner Only Marks Remark Temperature sensor Glass Copper Very hot water One rod is made of copper, the other is made of glass. (i) Using the axes below, sketch the graphs that would be obtained for these two materials. Label each one. The sensor readings are equal until the water is poured into the tank. Temperature Time Hot water poured into tank [2] (ii) The conduction process in metals involves electrons. How do these electrons transfer the heat energy to the copper atoms? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Materials such as glass do not have free electrons. How is the heat energy transferred from one atom to the next? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5357 10 [Turn over (e) A bimetal strip bends when it is heated. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Explain why this happens. ___________________________________________________ [1] The photograph shows an expansion joint on a bridge. JLM Visuals (ii) Describe how it moves and explain what is likely to happen if the bridge is not fitted with an expansion joint. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5357 11 [Turn over 3 (a) Pat uses a length of rope and a slinky coil to demonstrate different types of wave motion. The wave patterns obtained are shown in the diagrams below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Beside each diagram, state the type of wave being produced. ____________________ ____________________ [2] (ii) What do the waves transfer as they move from left to right? ___________________________________________________ [1] The wave pattern obtained with the rope is shown again below. X 0.3 m 0.8 m (iii) Describe, fully, how the point X moves as the wave passes along the rope. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) State the amplitude of the wave. Amplitude = ____________________ m [1] (v) State the wavelength of the wave. Wavelength = ____________________ m [1] 5357 12 [Turn over The end of the rope makes 24 vibrations in 8 seconds. Examiner Only Marks Remark (vi) Calculate the frequency of the wave. Frequency = ____________________ Hz [2] (vii)Use your answers to parts (v) and (vi) to calculate the speed of the wave. Speed = ____________________ m/s [3] 5357 13 [Turn over (b) The diagram below shows the apparatus frequently used in school laboratories to illustrate an important property of sound. Examiner Only Marks Remark Batteries Switch Bell jar Electric bell To vacuum pump The bell is made to ring by pressing the switch. The vacuum pump is switched on. (i) Describe carefully two important observations that can be made, when all the air is pumped out of the jar. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (ii) What conclusion can be drawn from this experiment? _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) What name is given to sound of frequency greater than 20 kHz? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5357 14 [Turn over (c) The waveform of the sound produced by a loudspeaker is displayed on a CRO. The diagram below shows the trace obtained. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) On the same grid, sketch the trace you expect to see when the loudspeaker produces a louder sound of the same frequency. Assume the settings of the CRO are unaltered. [2] (ii) The sound is now returned to its original loudness. The diagram below shows this waveform. On the grid below, sketch the waveform you expect to see when the loudspeaker produces a sound of twice the frequency, but the same loudness. [2] 5357 15 [Turn over BLANK PAGE 5357 16 [Turn over 4 (a) An electromagnet can be made by wrapping insulated copper wire around an iron nail as shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) How would you turn on this electromagnet? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Other than reducing the current, state two other ways to make the electromagnet weaker. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Why is it essential to use insulated wire rather than bare wire for the coil? _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Why is steel not a suitable core for an electromagnet? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5357 5357 17 [Turn over [Turn over [Turn (b) To investigate how the current affected the strength of the electromagnet, it was used to pick up paper clips. The current was changed to different values and the number of paper clips that were attached to the electromagnet was counted. The results are shown in the table below. Current in the coil in amps 0 0.5 4 1.0 9 1.5 12 2.0 Remark Number of paper clips attached to the nail 0 Examiner Examiner Only Marks 17 (i) What should be added to the circuit above to allow the current in the coil to be varied? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5357 5357 18 [Turn over Number of paper clips attached to the nail (ii) On the graph paper below, plot the graph of the number of paper clips attached to the nail against the current in the coil. Examiner Only Marks Remark 16 12 8 4 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Current in the coil in amps 2.0 [3] (iii) Using the graph, how many complete paper clips can be lifted by the electromagnet when the current in the coil is 1.2 A? Number of complete paper clips lifted = _______________ [1] 5357 19 [Turn over (c) The diagram below shows a simple electromagnetic relay. It is not complete, some parts of the relay and circuits are missing. Examiner Only Marks Remark Springy metal strips A Armature Soft iron core (i) On the diagram, add the parts needed to make the relay operate (switch on). [3] (ii) What should the part labelled armature be made of? Explain your answer. Material ______________________________________________ Explanation _________________________________________ [2] (iii) The relay is used to switch on a second circuit. On the diagram above, mark the points X and Y where the second circuit should be connected. [1] (iv) What type of material should the part labelled A be made of? Explain your choice of material. Material ______________________________________________ Explanation _________________________________________ [2] 5357 20 [Turn over (d) The diagram below shows the electromagnetic doorbell. Examiner Only Marks Remark Spring Electromagnet Contacts Armature Hammer 6. Electromagnet is turned off 3. Armature is attracted towards the electromagnet. 5. When the switch is closed a current flows and the electromagnet is switched on. 2. Armature springs back to starting position. 4. Contacts open and circuit is broken. 1. Contacts touch and circuit is again complete. The statements above describe how the doorbell works, however, they are not in the correct order. Place the above statements in the correct order. Write the numbers in the boxes below. The first one has been done for you. 5 [2] 5357 21 [Turn over BLANK PAGE 5357 22 [Turn over 5 (a) (i) What is a galaxy? Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) What is the Milky Way an example of? ___________________________________________________ [1] (b) There are eight planets which orbit the Sun. Sun (i) Which planet is furthest from the Sun? ____________________ [1] (ii) Which planet is closest to the Sun? _______________________ [1] (iii) Which two planets orbit between the Sun and Earth? ________________________ and ________________________[2] (iv) Between which two planets are the asteroids located? ________________________ and ________________________[1] 5357 23 [Turn over (c) The Earth has one natural satellite and a large number of artificial satellites. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Name the Earth s natural satellite. ________________________ [1] (ii) One use of the Earth s artificial satellites is weather forecasting. State two other uses of artificial satellites in orbit around the Earth. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (d) The diagram below shows the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. Four different positions along its path are marked A, B, C and D. The arrows show the direction of the Earth s motion around the Sun. In the Northern hemisphere, it is autumn when the Earth is at position B in its orbit. D A C Sun B (i) How long does it take the Earth to complete one orbit? Give your answer in days. Time = _______________ [1] 5357 5357 24 [Turn over (ii) What are the seasons in the Northern hemisphere when the Earth is at positions A and C in its orbit? A is _______________ C is _______________ [2] The diagram below shows Earth when it is at position A in its orbit. Northern hemisphere Sunlight (iii) With a ruler, carefully mark on the diagram the axis about which the Earth spins. [1] (iv) On the diagram, carefully shade the portion of the Earth in darkness. [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 5357 25 Examiner Only Marks Remark Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 1847-018-1

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