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UK GCSE 2007 : Physics Foundation Tier, Paper 1

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2007 Paper 1 Foundation Tier G7602 Science: Physics [G7602] FRIDAY 15 JUNE, MORNING TIME 1 hour 15 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all five questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 100. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 1(c)(ii) and 5(c)(i). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Details of calculations should be shown. Units must be stated with numerical answers where appropriate. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 Total Marks G761F7 2324 Marks 1 (a) State what is meant by the centre of mass (gravity) of an object. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (b) A uniform metal rod of length 80 cm is suspended by a string at a point 22 cm from end A as shown in the diagram below. String Metal rod A (i) How far is the centre of mass of the rod from the point of suspension? You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Distance = _____________ cm [2] When a weight of 15 N hangs from a point 13 cm from end A, the rod balances in a horizontal position as shown in the diagram below. String 22 cm A 13 cm 15 N G761F7 2324 2 [Turn over (ii) Calculate the moment of the 15 N weight about the point of suspension. Include the unit with your answer. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Examiner Only Marks Remark Moment = _____________ [4] (iii) The string exerts a force on the metal rod. What is the direction of this force? Give a reason for your answer. Direction: ___________ Reason: ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (iv) It can be shown that the weight of the steel rod is 7.5 N. Calculate the mass of the steel rod in grams. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Mass = _____________ g [3] G761F7 2324 3 [Turn over (c) The diagram below shows a simple hydraulic machine. Pushing down (effort) on the platform of area A1, it is possible to support the load sitting on the platform of area A2. A1 is smaller than A2. Examiner Only Marks Remark Effort Load A1 A2 Oil (i) What property of the liquid allows the effort force to support the load? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Would you expect the effort to be bigger than, smaller than or equal to the load? Explain your answer. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] Quality of written communication G761F7 2324 [1] 4 [Turn over The effort causes a force F1 of 500 N to be exerted on area A1. Area A1 is 25 mm2. Examiner Only Marks Remark (iii) Calculate the pressure on area A1. You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Pressure = _____________ N/mm2 [3] G761F7 2324 5 [Turn over 2 (a) Three situations are described below. For each situation, state the form of energy stored and the place or object where the energy is stored. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) A battery-powered car is standing at rest on a horizontal floor. Form of energy ____________________ Where the energy is stored ____________________ [2] (ii) A girl has placed a stone in a catapult and pulled it back horizontally. Form of energy ____________________ Where the energy is stored ____________________ [2] (iii) A football is at rest on a sloping bank. Form of energy ____________________ Where the energy is stored ____________________ G761F7 2324 6 [2] [Turn over (b) (i) Name two renewable energy sources. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Name two non-renewable energy sources. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________ [2] (c) Outline the processes that happen in the greenhouse effect. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [3] (d) (i) Give one example of a non-renewable energy source, which does not add to the greenhouse effect. __________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Why does this source not contribute to the greenhouse effect? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [1] G761F7 2324 7 [Turn over (iii) Give one example of an energy source which does contribute to the greenhouse effect. Examiner Only Marks Remark __________________________________________________ [1] (iv) How does this source contribute to the greenhouse effect? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [1] (e) Explain how the energy stored in fossil fuels can be traced back to the Sun. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [3] G761F7 2324 8 [Turn over 3 (a) Objects that we see can be described as luminous or non-luminous. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Explain why we can see: 1. luminous objects ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2. non-luminous objects __________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] The diagram below shows a ray of light striking a plane mirror. (ii) On the diagram, draw the normal and the path of the reflected ray. Mark the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection. [4] G761F7 2324 9 [Turn over (b) A ray of light is shone into a rectangular glass block as shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Complete the diagram to show the path of the ray through and out of the glass block. A B D C [2] What happens to the speed of the light when: (ii) the ray passes from air into glass at the side AB? __________________________________________________ [1] (iii) the ray passes from glass into air at the side CD? __________________________________________________ [1] G761F7 2324 10 [Turn over (c) The diagram below shows a lens. Examiner Only Marks (i) What type of lens is shown? __________________________ Remark [1] Two parallel rays of light are shown striking the lens. (ii) Complete the diagram to show the effect the lens has on the rays of light. [1] (iii) Mark on the diagram the focal length of the lens. G761F7 2324 11 [1] [Turn over (d) The following is a list of the sections of the electromagnetic spectrum: visible light, radio waves, gamma rays, ultraviolet, microwaves, X-rays and infrared. (i) Write their names in the appropriate box below. Increasing wavelength Examiner Only Marks Remark [2] (ii) Which wave is used for the following? Taking a photograph that can be used for a passport ________________________ Making toast ________________________ Sterilising plastic syringes _____________________ [3] (iii) All waves have a wavelength and a frequency. Electromagnetic waves have changing electric and magnetic fields. Name two other properties common to all electromagnetic waves. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________ [2] G761F7 2324 12 [Turn over 4 (a) The three electric circuits shown below are set up. Examiner Only Marks Remark M Heater Motor 1 Bulb 2 3 Changes are made to each of the circuits. (i) In circuit 1 the electric motor runs faster. What has happened, if anything, to the electric current in this circuit? __________________________________________________ [1] (ii) In circuit 2 the brightness of the light stays the same. What has happened, if anything, to the electric current in this circuit? __________________________________________________ [1] (iii) In circuit 3 the heater warms up more. What has happened, if anything, to the electric current in this circuit? __________________________________________________ [1] G761F7 2324 13 [Turn over (b) (i) On the circuit diagram below, mark both the positive terminal of the cell (battery) and the positive terminal of the ammeter. Examiner Only Marks Remark A [2] (ii) Mark, on the same diagram, the direction of flow of the electrons when the switch is closed. [1] (iii) What is the purpose of the ammeter in the circuit? __________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Any electric switch contains both conductors and insulators. Describe what a switch does in a circuit and how each of these materials is necessary to enable a switch to work. What a switch does. _____________________________________ ______________________________________________________ What the insulator does. __________________________________ ______________________________________________________ What the conductor does. _________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] G761F7 G761F7 2324 14 [Turn over (c) Two resistors are joined together as shown. Calculate the total resistance between A and C. A 8 2 B Examiner Only Marks Remark C Total resistance = _____________ [3] (d) In the circuit below, the reading on the voltmeter is 2.4 volts. The battery provides a voltage of 3.0 volts. 3.0 V V X Y (i) What is the voltage across the resistor Y? You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Voltage across Y = _____________ V [3] G761F7 2324 15 [Turn over (ii) The current through X is 0.2 A. What is the resistance of X? You are advised to show clearly how you get your answer. Examiner Only Marks Remark Resistance = _____________ [3] (iii) Why is the current flowing in resistor X equal to the current flowing in resistor Y? __________________________________________________ [1] G761F7 2324 16 [Turn over 5 (a) There is a radioactive isotope of carbon known as 14C. 6 Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Explain carefully what is meant by the word radioactive. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Explain what is meant by isotopes in terms of particles in the nucleus. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Complete the table below to show the numbers of the particles in the nucleus of 14C. 6 Particle Number Electrons Neutrons Protons [3] The nucleus 14C emits beta ( ) particles and gamma ( ) radiation. 6 (iv) What are -particles? ________________________________ [1] (v) What is gamma radiation? _____________________________ [1] G761F7 2324 17 [Turn over (b) In the early years of the 20th century Marie Curie investigated the properties of , and radiations. Indicate the properties of these radiations by completing the table below. Some parts of the table have already been done for you. -radiation Property Approximate range in air -radiation Remark -radiation About a metre Examiner Only Marks No definite range Stopped by Very thick lead [3] (c) (i) Explain what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive isotope in terms of its activity. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] Quality of written communication [1] The graph below shows how the radioactivity of 1 g of carbon changes with time in the dead remains of once-living material. It changes because of the radioactivity decay of 14C. 6 20 18 16 14 Activity in counts 12 per minute 10 8 6 4 1 1.2.06ES 2 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 Time in years G761F7 G761F7 2324 18 [Turn over (ii) Use the graph to show that the half-life of 14C is approximately 6 5500 years. You must show clearly on the graph how you get your answer. [2] Examiner Only Marks Remark In 1985, a human body was found in a peat bog in England. Archaeologists called the body Pete Marsh . The radioactivity of 1 g of carbon from this body was measured and found to be 9 counts per minute after accounting for background activity. (iii) Use the graph to find as accurately as possible how long ago Pete Marsh died. You must show clearly on the graph how you get your answer. Age = _____________ years [2] (iv) How would background activity be taken into account when the count rate from the dead remains of Pete Marsh was being measured? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [1] 1 1.2.06ES THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER G761F7 2324 19 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S 761F7 2324 G 2/06 7-012-1 [Turn0over 2 [Turn over

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