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UK GCSE 2008 : History - Revised , Foundation Tier, Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2008 Paper 2 Foundation Tier G4602 History [G4602] TUESDAY 3 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 15 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer two questions. Answer Section A. Answer one question from Section B. There is a choice in Section B. If needed you can ask for more sheets to finish your answers. Please attach these sheets to your booklet using the tag supplied. For Examiner s use only INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 60. Quality of written communication will be assessed in Section B. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A Resource Booklet referring to question 1 accompanies this paper. Question Number 1 2 3 4 Total Marks G462F8 3545 Marks For question 1 refer to the source material in the Resource Booklet. Section A Answer all parts of the question. 1 This question is about the actions of the USSR in Europe between 1945 and 1948. (a) Study Source A. Give two reasons why the USA was worried by the actions of the USSR in Europe between 1945 and 1948. 1. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [4] G462F8 3545 2 Examiner Only Marks Remark (b) Study Source B. Examiner Only Marks Remark Give three effects of World War Two on the USSR. 1. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3. _______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [6] G462F8 3545 3 [Turn over (c) How useful and reliable is Source C in explaining Russian actions in Europe between 1945 and 1948? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [8] G462F8 3545 4 Examiner Only Marks Remark (d) Study Sources B, C and D. Using Sources B, C and D and your own knowledge explain why there are different views of Russian actions in Europe between 1945 and 1948. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ [12] G462F8 3545 5 [Turn over Section B Examiner Only Marks Answer one question from this section. Answer all parts of your chosen question. Either 2 This question is about the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. How and why did the Cuban Missile Crisis affect relations between the USA and the USSR? Use the following four paragraph headings to help you with your answer. (a) Actions of the USA towards Cuba, 1959 to September 1962. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 6 Remark (b) Actions of the USSR towards Cuba and in Cuba, 1960 to September 1962. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (c) Actions of the USA and the USSR in the Thirteen Days, October 1962. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 7 [Turn over (d) Effects of the Cuban Missile Crisis on relations between the USA and the USSR. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ [30] G462F8 3545 8 Examiner Only Marks Remark Or 3 Examiner Only Marks Remark This question is about the Vietnam War. How and why did the USA s involvement in Vietnam change between 1954 and 1973? Use the following four paragraph headings to help you with your answer. (a) US involvement, 1954 to 1964. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 9 [Turn over (b) US actions in Vietnam, 1965 to 1968. Examiner Only Marks _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (c) Actions and tactics of the Viet Cong, 1965 to 1968. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 10 Remark (d) Vietnamisation and US withdrawal, 1969 to 1973. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ [30] G462F8 3545 11 [Turn over Or 4 Examiner Only Marks This question is about relations between the USSR and Eastern Europe between 1968 and 1991. How and why did the USSR face challenges to its control over Eastern Europe between 1968 and 1989 and how did it deal with those challenges? Use the following four paragraph headings to help you with your answer. (a) Czechoslovakia 1968, the Prague Spring. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 12 Remark (b) The Brezhnev Doctrine. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (c) The policies of Gorbachev, 1985 to 1989. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ G462F8 3545 13 [Turn over (d) The collapse of Eastern Europe and the Berlin Wall, 1989 to 1991. Examiner Only Marks _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ [30] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER G462F8 3545 14 Remark SP (SC) T60885/5 General Certificate of Secondary Education 2008 Paper 2 Foundation and Higher Tiers [G4602] [G4604] TUESDAY 3 JUNE, AFTERNOON RESOURCE BOOKLET G462FH8 3548 G4602G4604 History Source Materials: Actions of the USSR in Europe between 1945 and 1948 Source A: Map showing expansion of Russian control in Europe between 1945 and 1948 Advances of Russian armies Russian army in Europe in 1945 States which became communist, between 1945-48 The Iron Curtain UNITED KINGDOM GERMANY USSR POLAND WESTERN EASTERN EUROPE CZECH AUSTRIA EUROPE OSLOV A KIA HUNGARY ROMANIA FRANCE ITALY YUGOSLAVIA BULGARIA ALBANIA TURKEY GREECE 0 Source B: km 600 Modern historian writing in 1974 about the actions of the USSR in Europe between 1945 and 1948 By May 1945 the Russian Army had occupied most of Eastern Europe. Nazi Germany was crushed and Japan was on its last legs. Stalin was determined to make the USSR safe from any further invasions. The German attack had destroyed Western Russia where terrible damage was done to Russian farms and factories. 27 million Russians had died during the war. However, some in the West believed that the USSR was finally secure enough to expand Communist control throughout Europe. The British Prime Minister Churchill ordered the Allied armies to keep weapons seized from the German Army in case they had to be used against the Russians. Source: Hugh Higgins, a British historian, The Cold War, 1974 Source C: The Russian leader Stalin, writing in 1946, giving his reasons for the USSR s concerns about the countries of Eastern Europe The USSR s loss of life in the war has been several times greater than that of Britain and the USA put together. Some may forget the huge sacrifice which Russia has made to free Europe from Hitler. The USSR cannot forget. What is so surprising that the USSR, worried about its future safety, is trying to make sure that governments loyal to the USSR should exist in neighbouring countries? Source: The Russian leader Stalin, writing in the Russian newspaper, Pravda, March 1946 G462FH8 3548 2 Source D: President Truman of the USA, writing in 1945, giving his views on the USSR s concerns about the countries of Eastern Europe My personal meeting with Stalin has allowed me to see what the West will have to face in the future. The Russians do not want friendly relations with neighbouring countries. They want to spread communism. Force is the only thing the Russians understand. Stalin has shown what he is after. The Russians are planning world domination. Source: President Truman of the USA, July 1945 G462FH8 3548 3 Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. SP (NF/CGW) T46996/5

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